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Detta examensarbete behandlar hur olika företag reducerar ställtider samt hur de förhåller sig tillvarandra och beskriven teori. Problemområden som detta arbete behandlar är huvudsakligen standardiserad arbetssätt, produktionsplanering samt rengöring och underhåll. Arbetet går främst ut på att analysera tillvägagångssätten, faktorer samt metoder som bidrar till hur företag reducerar ställtider. Med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer med fyra olika företag gjordes en litteraturstudie som stöd till de olika problemområden som företagen brottas med. Genomförande av kodning som går hand i hand med semistrukturerade intervjuer som var till hjälp för att få en tydligare helhetsbild över företagens syn på hur ställtider reduceras men gjorde det även enklare att hitta samband och mönster i förhållande till de problem som bidrar till ställtider. En analys och jämförelse gjordes mellan de fyra olika företagen för att se hur de eliminerar de problem som uppstår i produktionen. Det kunde påvisas att det rådde både likheter och olikheter bland företagen. De främsta likheterna var hur företagen eliminerade problemområden som uppstod. De olikheter som fanns bland de olika företagen kunde knytas till ledningens kunskap om just ställtidsreduktion, det rådde olika kunskapsnivåer. En annat viktig faktor som bidrog till olikheter bland företagen var deras storlek i volym som i sin tur även påverkar produktionsförmågan. / This thesis deals with how different companies reduce downtime and how they relate to each other and described theory. Problem areas that this work deals with are mainly standardized working methods, production planning and cleaning and maintenance. The work is mainly about analyzing approaches, factors and methods that contribute to how companies reduce downtime. With the help of semi-structured interviews with four different companies, a literature study was conducted to support the different problem areas that the companies struggle with. Implementation of coding that goes hand in hand with semi-structured interviews that was helpful in gaining a clearer overall picture of companies' views on how set-up times are reduced, but also made it easier to find connections and patterns in relation to the problems that contribute to set-up times. An analysis and comparison was made between the four different companies to see how they eliminate the problems that arise in production. It could be shown that there were both similarities and differences among the companies. The main similarities were how the companies eliminated problem areas that arose. The differences that existed among the different companies could be linked to the management's knowledge of downtime reduction, there were different levels of knowledge. Another important factor that contributed to differences among companies was their size in volume, which in turn also affects production capacity.

Wetgewing wat onbestaanbaar is met die bepalings van Wet 200 van 1993 as die hoogste reg is nietig tensy geoorloof volgens die maatstawwe van art 33 (1) 1 en die Konstitusionele Hof en die provinsiale en plaaslike afdelings van die Hooggeregshof is bevoeg om dit ongeldig te verklaar. Die beoordeling van die geldigheid van wetgewing waardeur inbreuk gemaak word op 'n Fundamentele Reg of Vryheid in Hoofstuk 3 verleen 1 vereis in eerste instansie die vertolking van die betrokke bepaling van die Hoofstuk. In die lig van die besondere karakter van 'n grondwet en die gebrek aan omlyning van die verleende regte en vryhede 1 moet die vertolking nie volgens geykte metodes geskied nie I maar wel doelgerig aan die hand van die waardes onderliggend tot die Handves as geheel. Waardes wat nie herleibaar is tot die grondwet self nie en die persoonlike filosofiee van die regters behoort die howe egter nie te beinvloed nie. / Legislation inconsistent with the provisions of Act 200 of 1993 as the supreme law is of no force and effect and the Constitutional Court and the provincial and local divisions of the Supreme Court may declare it invalid, unless it complies with the criteria of a permissible limitation under sec 33(1). Before the validity of legislation impinging upon a Fundamental Right or Freedom conferred in Chapter 3 can be considered, the relevant provision of the Chapter must first be interpreted. In view of the special nature of a constitution and the generality of the conferred rights and freedoms, the ordinary methods of interpretation should not be applied. Chapter 3 must be interpreted purposively taking into account the values underlying the Bill of Rights as a whole. Values not founded in the Constitution and the personal philosophies of the judges ought not to influence the courts. / Private Law / LL.M.

Este trabalho reconstitui e examina a trajetória intelectual de João Cruz Costa, um dos primeiros professores da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCL/USP) após o encerramento da missão francesa no curso de Filosofia da referida instituição. O objetivo principal da tese reside, assim, no exame do itinerário e da produção intelectual cruzcostianas de modo a apurar as redes de sociabilidade do referido autor e, ainda, refletir acerca do processo de formação e sedimentação da linguagem filosófica uspiana. Voltada para as condições sociais e institucionais que enquadraram a trajetória de João Cruz Costa por quase trinta anos (1937 1965) na antiga Faculdade de Filosofia, a presente tese encontra-se dividida em duas partes: a primeira está articulada de maneira a pôr em diálogo a biografia de Cruz Costa e o cenário político-cultural do período, dadas as relações existentes entre o grupo uspiano ao qual pertencia o autor e a tradição modernista de São Paulo. Já a segunda, sedimenta-se nas relações de João Cruz Costa cultivadas com intelectuais latino-americanos que fizeram parte de uma rede intelectual formada em torno de Leopoldo Zea. Considerando-se as formas pelas quais a mesma se fez conhecida e ganhou adeptos em território ibero-americano, procurei estabelecer relações de todo esse movimento com o Brasil através da atuação exclusiva de Cruz Costa, atentando para o impacto e as consequências de tal aproximação em seu círculo de sociabilidade intramuros na Faculdade de Filosofia da Universidade de São Paulo. / The present work aims to trace back and examine the trajectoryof João Cruz Costa, who was a Philosophy Professor at the beginnings of the FFLCH-USP, right after the end of the French mission that was responsible for establishing the Faculty of Philosophy at the Universidade de São Paulo. Hiswritings and also his itineraryis examined in order to constrain his social network andto discuss the origin and consolidation of an USPian philosophical language. This thesis focuses the social and institutional framework of João Cruz Costa along three decades (1937-1965) atthe Universidade de São Paulo. The work is divided in two parts: the first one relates the biography of João Cruz Costa to the political and cultural scenario of his time, considering the role of the USpian group of intellectuals and the modernist tradition of São Paulo; the second part describes the relation of João Cruz Costa with a Latin-American network of intellectuals lead by Leopoldo Zea, which was particularly widespread in Ibero-American countries. João Cruz Costa was the only Brazilian philosopher connected to this network, and the present work analyzes the consequences of this connection inside the Faculty of Philosophy at the Universidade de São Paulo.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-22T17:26:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 suleima.pdf: 941557 bytes, checksum: 7a0555a01410c3a06c669f10e5fdc420 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-11-05 / The present dissertation is centered in the study of the cooperative as an alternative to the egresses of the Prisional System. It offers subsidies to perceive the organizations of this social type as an option of politics in attention to those. For in such a way, a study of case was carried through in the Mixing Cooperative of Workers João de Barro COOTRAJOBA, situated in the city of Pedro Osório/RS. The detailing concerning its reality, makes possible the reflection on the historical contradictions between free society and prisional universe, pointing out the egress in the historical process of prison overloads , also displaying the selective logic of the punitive system currently adopted in Brazil. It analyzes the corporate logic and its politics and socioeconomics transformations as linked to the transformations of punitive models, centered in the world of the work, as well as the directions attributed to this. It evidences the decisive paper that COOTRAJOBA occupies in the return to the life in freedom of its partner, as being the only form of income and confers to that one a new identity. It promotes elements of autonomy and self management from the new way with that the partners if relate with the work, but does not obtain to promote access to the Social Rights and to supply current necessities of the same ones. It is argued then, the implications that hinder the movements capable to promote overcoming of stigmata and access to the Social Rights / A presente dissertação centra-se no estudo do cooperativismo como uma alternativa aos egressos do Sistema Prisional. Oferece subsídios para perceber as organizações desse tipo social como uma opção de políticas em atenção àqueles. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de caso na Cooperativa Mista de Trabalhadores João de Barro COOTRAJOBA, situada no município de Pedro Osório/RS. O detalhamento acerca de sua realidade possibilita a reflexão sobre as contradições históricas entre sociedade livre e universo prisional, situando o egresso no processo histórico de sobrecargas prisionais, além de expor a lógica seletiva do sistema punitivo adotado atualmente no Brasil. Analisa a lógica societária e suas transformações políticas e socioeconômicas como atreladas às transformações de modelos punitivos, centradas no mundo do trabalho, bem como os sentidos atribuídos a este. Evidencia o papel decisivo que a COOTRAJOBA ocupa no retorno à vida em liberdade de seu sócio, como sendo a única forma de renda e confere àquele uma nova identidade. Promove elementos de autonomia e autogestão a partir da nova maneira com que os sócios se relacionam com o trabalho, mas não consegue promover acesso aos Direitos Sociais e suprir necessidades atuais dos mesmos. Discutem-se, então, as implicações que obstaculizam os movimentos capazes de promover superação de estigmas e acesso aos Direitos Sociais

The aim of this thesis is to analyse and discuss the argumentation for theplace of History in the Swedish school system from the perspective ofeducation philosophy. The material that has been investigated is theYearbook of the Association of History Teachers (HLFÅ). In connectionto this, two questions have been asked: (1) What sort of argumentationhas there been in HLFÅ on the place of History in the Swedish schoolsystem from the time the Yearbook started to be published in 1942 until2004 when the Swedish parliament decided that the subject should beobligatory for all pupils in gymnasiet (senior high school)? (2) In whatway has education philosophy been taken into consideration in the argumentationon the place of History in HLFÅ between 1942 and 2004? Thebackground to these questions is partly that during the whole of the1900s it has been far from obvious what place History should have in theupper levels of the Swedish school system. Also, I have partly found itfruitful to study HLFÅ from the perspective of education philosophy.In chapter 1, we give a deeper presentation of HLFÅ. After that followsan overview of research into the teaching and learning of History (Historydidactics). The chapter ends with the three leitmotifs based on this research.I identify as leitmotifs areas that are identified clearly and repeatedlyin History didactics and that are seen as relevant to structure myanalysis of HLFÅ. The three leitmotifs are: (1) the relation between Historyand academia, (2) the social potential of History, (3) the use of Historyin the service of peace. These have structured the presentation in thetwo analysis chapters of the thesis (chapters 4 and 5).Chapter 2 discusses the thesis methodology, theoretical perspective andquestions. The methodology is an analysis of argumentation based onhermeneutics. The theoretical perspectives used in the study are educationphilosophies. My use of the theory builds on my reading of TheodorBrameld and Tomas Englund. The four education philosophies used toanalyse the argumentation are: (1) progressivism, (2) essentialism, (3)perennialism, (4) reconstructivism. In chapter 3, the background to thestudy is presented. The areas that are focused on are the changes in theSwedish school system during the 1900s, the subject of History in figures,and glimpses from the public debate on history in general and thesubject of History in Sweden. In chapter 4, we cover the period from1942-1970, and in chapter 5 we cover in a similar way the period from1971-2004. Both chapters begin with a chronological overview of theargumentation in the articles. After that, the material is analysed wherethe presentation is structured based on the three leitmotifs which arediscussed from an education philosophy perspective.Chapter 6 is a summarizing discussion. There we make it clear that progressivismis almost completely absent from the argumentation aroundthe place of History in Swedish schools in HLFÅ. Instead, the studyshows that it is a combination of essentialism and perennialism that dominatesthe way of maintaining the merits of History. Regarding reconstructivism,it is stated that it is subordinate to essentialism and perennialism.The study ends with suggestions for further research. Since theargumentation has consistently made the claim that History can givepeople a feeling of safety in their surroundings, understand their place inlife and create peace in the world, it is suggested that further analysisshould be made of similar material from the perspective of civil religion.A point of departure in this research is that secular societies partly takeover, and partly re-work, the rites and cosmologies of religious institutions,in order to create solidarity in modern societies. My hypothesis isthat this perspective would strengthen the thought that there are civilreligious practices on Swedish soil in connection with the educationworld.

Wetgewing wat onbestaanbaar is met die bepalings van Wet 200 van 1993 as die hoogste reg is nietig tensy geoorloof volgens die maatstawwe van art 33 (1) 1 en die Konstitusionele Hof en die provinsiale en plaaslike afdelings van die Hooggeregshof is bevoeg om dit ongeldig te verklaar. Die beoordeling van die geldigheid van wetgewing waardeur inbreuk gemaak word op 'n Fundamentele Reg of Vryheid in Hoofstuk 3 verleen 1 vereis in eerste instansie die vertolking van die betrokke bepaling van die Hoofstuk. In die lig van die besondere karakter van 'n grondwet en die gebrek aan omlyning van die verleende regte en vryhede 1 moet die vertolking nie volgens geykte metodes geskied nie I maar wel doelgerig aan die hand van die waardes onderliggend tot die Handves as geheel. Waardes wat nie herleibaar is tot die grondwet self nie en die persoonlike filosofiee van die regters behoort die howe egter nie te beinvloed nie. / Legislation inconsistent with the provisions of Act 200 of 1993 as the supreme law is of no force and effect and the Constitutional Court and the provincial and local divisions of the Supreme Court may declare it invalid, unless it complies with the criteria of a permissible limitation under sec 33(1). Before the validity of legislation impinging upon a Fundamental Right or Freedom conferred in Chapter 3 can be considered, the relevant provision of the Chapter must first be interpreted. In view of the special nature of a constitution and the generality of the conferred rights and freedoms, the ordinary methods of interpretation should not be applied. Chapter 3 must be interpreted purposively taking into account the values underlying the Bill of Rights as a whole. Values not founded in the Constitution and the personal philosophies of the judges ought not to influence the courts. / Private Law / LL.M.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-04-26Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:26:25Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 leite_al_me_arafcl.pdf: 864986 bytes, checksum: 0067c970ef9b685707a6e900dd9a6ce9 (MD5) / A obra de arte dramática, diferentemente de outras formas artístico-literárias, é a que de forma mais prática e imediata estabelece uma relação entre seu realizador e o público ao qual ela é destinada. Contudo, o drama moderno, produzido a partir do final do século XIX, passou por uma série de crises e adaptações quanto à forma e ao conteúdo, decorrentes de várias mudanças ocorridas nos mais diversos setores da sociedade. Edward Albee é um dos maiores dramaturgos norte-americanos da segunda metade do séc. XX. Seguindo uma tradição que produziria grandes talentos como Eugene O'Neill, Tennessee Williams e Arthur Miller, o novo autor surge em 1958 com seu texto, The Zoo Story, associado ao Teatro do Absurdo. A peça de forma minimalista põe em cena dois bancos de praça e duas personagens: Peter que é a própria personificação do self made man, já que está enjaulado aos ideais e aos valores burgueses de vida, e Jerry o outsider ou o transeunte permanente que não se insere nos padrões, no código moral e de valores socialmente estabelecidos. Entretanto, ou por isso mesmo, possui uma capacidade reflexiva extremamente aguçada. O objetivo é tratar de um aspecto da peça - a questão da absurvidade e da liberdade, como formas de transcender a angústia existencial e a vida sem significado em um contexto destituído de símbolos metafísicos. Analisar-se-ão os elementos relacionados a estes tópicos bem como o modo que servem de instrumento para o esvaziamento da ideologia burguesa, que culmina na crítica ácida que Edward Albee desfere ao American way of life. / Dramatic art, differently from other literacy-artistic forms, is the one that most practically and immediately establishes a relationship between its producer and the audience it is created for. However, modern drama, produced since the end of nineteenth century, has gone through many crises and adaptations in its form and content, originated from many changes occured in the various instances of society. Edward Albee is one of the major American playwrights of the second half of the twentieth century. Following a tradition which produced gifted authors such as Eugene O'Neill, Tennessee Williams and Arthur Miller, the new author appears with his play The Zoo Story in 1958, associated to the Theater of the Absurd. The play, in a minimalist way, stages two park benches and two characters: Peter, the personification of the self made man, encaged in the bourgeois ideals and values of life; and Jerry, the outsider or the permanent transient who does not fill in the patterns, in the moral code or the established social values. However, or because of this, he has a sharpened reflexive ability. The aim of our search is to treat one aspect of the play - absurdity and freedom - a means of transceding existential anguish and life without meaning in a context deprived of metaphysical symbols. We intend to analyze elements related to these topics, as well as the way they function as instruments for the emptying bourgeois ideology which, ends up the sour criticism Albee aims at the American way of life.

FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / Durante o segundo semestre de 2015, o grupo de pesquisa Sonoridades MÃltiplas, coordenado pela profa. Consiglia Latorre, da Universidade Federal do CearÃ, ofereceu uma sÃrie de oficinas de improvisaÃÃo livre em mÃsica para os alunos da licenciatura em MÃsica e demais interessados da comunidade acadÃmica ou externa a fim de propor-lhes outros modos de convivÃncia com a improvisaÃÃo e com a escuta. Esta cartografia busca, atravÃs de um texto-fluxo, revisitar este processo e marcar as mudanÃas geradas nos corpos dos alunos de MÃsica â alguns jà marcados pela disciplinarizaÃÃo da educaÃÃo formal de modelo conservatorial, outros nem tanto â a partir de suas imersÃes na improvisaÃÃo livre. Munida da crÃtica de Deleuze-Guattari ao capitalismo e a seu modo de produÃÃo; do pensamento de Jean-Luc Nancy, Murray Schafer e Conrado Silva acerca da escuta; da anÃlise de Michel Foucault em relaÃÃo à disciplina e seus modos de dominaÃÃo dos corpos; assim como das elucubraÃÃes de Chefa Alonso e RogÃrio Costa acerca da improvisaÃÃo livre, esta pesquisa objetiva marcar o ponto de virada em que os corpos dos estudantes de MÃsica da UFC puderam, atravÃs da escuta e da prÃtica de improvisaÃÃo como motor de processos criativos, romper o corpo-instrumento capitalista e produtivo e tornarem-se corpos-instrumento musicais expressivos e atentos Ãs paisagens (sonoras, sociais, polÃticas, conceituais) que lhes rodeiam.

Este trabalho reconstitui e examina a trajetória intelectual de João Cruz Costa, um dos primeiros professores da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCL/USP) após o encerramento da missão francesa no curso de Filosofia da referida instituição. O objetivo principal da tese reside, assim, no exame do itinerário e da produção intelectual cruzcostianas de modo a apurar as redes de sociabilidade do referido autor e, ainda, refletir acerca do processo de formação e sedimentação da linguagem filosófica uspiana. Voltada para as condições sociais e institucionais que enquadraram a trajetória de João Cruz Costa por quase trinta anos (1937 1965) na antiga Faculdade de Filosofia, a presente tese encontra-se dividida em duas partes: a primeira está articulada de maneira a pôr em diálogo a biografia de Cruz Costa e o cenário político-cultural do período, dadas as relações existentes entre o grupo uspiano ao qual pertencia o autor e a tradição modernista de São Paulo. Já a segunda, sedimenta-se nas relações de João Cruz Costa cultivadas com intelectuais latino-americanos que fizeram parte de uma rede intelectual formada em torno de Leopoldo Zea. Considerando-se as formas pelas quais a mesma se fez conhecida e ganhou adeptos em território ibero-americano, procurei estabelecer relações de todo esse movimento com o Brasil através da atuação exclusiva de Cruz Costa, atentando para o impacto e as consequências de tal aproximação em seu círculo de sociabilidade intramuros na Faculdade de Filosofia da Universidade de São Paulo. / The present work aims to trace back and examine the trajectoryof João Cruz Costa, who was a Philosophy Professor at the beginnings of the FFLCH-USP, right after the end of the French mission that was responsible for establishing the Faculty of Philosophy at the Universidade de São Paulo. Hiswritings and also his itineraryis examined in order to constrain his social network andto discuss the origin and consolidation of an USPian philosophical language. This thesis focuses the social and institutional framework of João Cruz Costa along three decades (1937-1965) atthe Universidade de São Paulo. The work is divided in two parts: the first one relates the biography of João Cruz Costa to the political and cultural scenario of his time, considering the role of the USpian group of intellectuals and the modernist tradition of São Paulo; the second part describes the relation of João Cruz Costa with a Latin-American network of intellectuals lead by Leopoldo Zea, which was particularly widespread in Ibero-American countries. João Cruz Costa was the only Brazilian philosopher connected to this network, and the present work analyzes the consequences of this connection inside the Faculty of Philosophy at the Universidade de São Paulo.