This thesis uses affect theory and studies of emotion to analyse literary representations of the everyday in fictional and non-fictional writing about Muslim migrant women in the UK from 1906 to 2012. Postcolonial literary studies tend to value exceptional events over mundane life, which causes possible issues of exoticism and a danger of homogenising distinct experiences. This thesis offers a theorisation of migration that foregrounds everyday experience through an engagement with theories of objects, bodies and space, as well as emotional experiences that are specific to migrant subjectivity. It analyses two groups of texts: early twentieth century travel writing by Atiya Fyzee, Shahbano Begum Maimoona Sultan and Zeyneb Hanoum, and contemporary literary texts by Yeshim Ternar, Farhana Sheikh, Monica Ali, Leila Aboulela, Elif Shafak and Fadia Faqir. The thesis is structured thematically into three sections, each section containing two chapters, one about travel writing and another about contemporary texts. In the first section, in order to examine how the texts negotiate foreignness in daily life, I consider hospitality theory, which describes how social power relations are based on roles of host and guest. In the second section, I argue that melancholia is an emotional experience endemic to migrancy. The texts demonstrate how this emotion is manifest communally as well as individually, which also shows the political potential of emotion. In the third section, I investigate how emotional processes of migration are described spatially in the texts. The findings of this research show that emotional knowledge is a major concern for migrant writers as a way of engaging with and critiquing the social and political climates of each text. This is produced through narrations about feeling in general and specific emotions, such as irritation or anxiety. Emotional experience is illustrated in conjunction with identities that are both fluid and intersectional, where gender and class converge with ethnicity and religion. The texts also show specifically affective styles of writing that concentrate on focalising women's intimate experiences through, for example, diary entries, bildungsroman or psychological realism. While the differing contexts reflect the particularities of each experience, there are sufficient similarities of narrative content and style to suggest that affective experience is a major concern for this body of literature. Overall, this thesis demonstrates the productive uses of affect theory as a critical stance for analysing postcolonial literature.

Health is a people\'s right and a State obligation, but its promotion is hampered by matters such as resources scarcity and general management issues. The Brazilian federal universities hospitals are central to health promotion system, but, according to Union Account Supreme Court House, they\'re running in crisis. Then, the Federal Government has established the Brazilian Hospital pertaining Services Enterprise (EBSERH), which the declared goal was to promote the recovering of that hospitals and other health organizations. Taking into account the outcomes expected from this new hospital management, and the various individual\'s interests, this study aims to analyze the power relations between the subjects which were involved to the process of implanting the EBSERH at Clinics Hospital (HC) of Triângulo Mineiro Federal University (UFTM), by the light of Foucauldian\'s power approach. It was carried a qualitative research, which methods are social reality interpretation alike (NEVES, 1996; BAUER; GASKELL; ALLUM, 2002). The ethnographic research method, which seeks to understand the individuals in their own environment, considering their behavior, interactions and beliefs trough time and space, was applied. To collect the empirical data, it was carried a documental research, 95 hours of participant examination in different spaces at the organization, and narrative interviews (JOVCHELOVITCH; BAUER, 2002) with 25 interviewees. To analyze the empirical data, it was runned the speech analyze technique (GILL, 2002). The results shown that, in UFTM\'s HC, the power was exercised by many individual parts, which negotiate and renegotiate their realities as from the identity, roles and territories definition. The scarcity of resources and the lack of any options to finance UFTM\'s Hospital were mandatory for its adhesion to EBSERH, which, at the time of the study, wasn\'t able to provide the growth of employee number, raising doubts about its effectiveness in solving the problems that vindication its institution. The concordance or discordance to adhesion to EBSERH separate employees into two different subcultures, characterized by the delineation of dissimilar temporalities discourses. The main basis to power be put in practice were the organizational hierarchy, the professional category and the kinds of employee hiring. The possible combination of each one of the basis put individuals into superior or inferior power position in organization power structure, similarly to the Indian Caste System. The basis were combined to legitimacy promotion discourses, characterized as strategies to exercise power, such as consumption goods scarcity; the \"patient\'s welfare\"; the love to organization; and the occupation of the future by the organizational discourse. The strategies are alike beliefs of Hinduism, such as Karma and Dharma. The power relations analyzed and its implications must be challenged, or healthcare services improve will not be achieved. / A saúde é direito do povo e dever do Estado, mas esbarra em fatores como a escassez de recursos e problemas generalizados na gestão. Centrais ao sistema de prestação de serviços de saúde estão os hospitais vinculados às universidades federais, que, de acordo com o Tribunal de Contas da União, encontram-se em crise. Com o intuito declarado de auxiliar na recuperação destas organizações, o Governo Federal criou a Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares (EBSERH), que se responsabilizará pela gestão destes hospitais e outras organizações de saúde. Considerando os impactos que advirão desta nova forma de gestão hospitalar e a diversidade de interesses dos múltiplos atores que compõem estas organizações, o objetivo do presente estudo consiste em analisar as relações de poder nas interações dos sujeitos envolvidos no processo de implantação da EBSERH no Hospital de Clínicas (HC) da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), à luz da abordagem foucaultiana de poder. Realizamos uma pesquisa qualitativa, cujos métodos aproximam-se de procedimentos de interpretação da realidade social (NEVES, 1996; BAUER; GASKELL; ALLUM, 2002). Utilizamos o método de pesquisa etnográfica que, conforme Gil (2010), tem como propósito estudar os indivíduos em seu próprio ambiente, de modo a analisar suas múltiplas manifestações ao longo do tempo e do espaço. Para a reunião do material empírico, realizamos pesquisa documental, observação participante em ambientes distintos naquela organização, perfazendo um total de 95 horas no campo, e entrevistas narrativas (JOVCHELOVITCH; BAUER, 2002) com 25 informantes. Para análise do material empírico, utilizamos a técnica da análise do discurso (GILL, 2002). Como resultado, ficou patente que o HC UFTM pode ser caracterizado como uma organização onde o poder era exercido por uma multiplicidade de atores, que negociavam e renegociavam suas realidades a partir da definição de identidades, papéis e territórios. A adesão do Hospital à Empresa se deu em função da falta de recursos e da inexistência de quaisquer alternativas para o custeio das atividades ali desempenhadas. A EBSERH não tinha garantido a plena recomposição da força de trabalho, o que levanta dúvidas sobre sua efetividade em resolver os problemas que justificaram sua criação. A adesão à Empresa delimitou subculturas favoráveis e contrárias à implantação da EBSERH, cujos discursos eram expressos em diferentes temporalidades. As principais bases para o exercício do poder identificadas foram a hierarquia organizacional, a categoria profissional e a modalidade de contratação, que se assemelhavam ao sistema de castas indiano, de modo que as diferentes combinações entre as bases dispunham os indivíduos em posições superiores ou inferiores na estrutura de poder da organização. Tais bases para o exercício do poder combinavam-se a discursos legitimadores, que caracterizavam as estratégias para seu exercício. Os discursos promotores de sujeição identificados foram a escassez dos materiais de consumo; o bem do paciente ; o amor pela organização; e a colonização do futuro pelo discurso organizacional. As estratégias identificadas aproximam se de preceitos do hinduísmo, como o Karma e o Dharma. O equacionamento das questões potencializadas pelas relações de poder identificadas se coloca como desafio à melhora dos serviços de saúde no país. / Mestre em Administração

O aluno é uma invenção. Nem sempre existiu na história essa categoria que entendemos por aluno. A partir apenas do final do século XIX é que se pode falar em sua emergência. Assim, é também a partir daí que se inicia o processo de produção de uma nova subjetividade das crianças e dos jovens. A escola, instituição responsável por acolhê-los, é o principal agente dessa produção. Fabricar alunos torna-se sua especialização. O presente trabalho procurou discutir, ao mesmo tempo, dois aspectos dessa questão: a) a invenção do aluno como algo não acabado e definitivo, sendo produzida diariamente no cotidiano escolar; b) a associação da invenção do aluno não ao poder possuído pela escola, mas às relações de poder exercidas no seu interior. Para isso, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa de campo no intuito de observar práticas e discursos escolares que tomavam o aluno como questão. Uma escola pública estadual de ensino médio foi escolhida e o trabalho de campo realizado no decorrer dos anos de 2008 e 2009. Conversas com os alunos foram registradas no final de cada um dos anos e completaram o material de pesquisa. Inspirada na concepção de relações de poder do pensador francês Michel Foucault (1926-1984), elaborou-se uma análise que pretendeu explorar algumas das possibilidades e dos efeitos das relações de poder estabelecidas no interior da escola em termos de uma invenção cotidiana do aluno. Uma das ideias que pôde ser extraída daí é que a invenção do aluno não necessita de práticas e discursos fixos e específicos para sua realização, mas pode ser pensada como inúmeras invenções que seriam possíveis a partir de jogos, disputas, imprevisibilidades e possibilidades de inversão, abertas pelas relações escolares de poder. Ademais, procurou-se experimentar um olhar e uma escrita aberta ao acaso, ao singular, ao imprevisto, ao variado e ao repetido, multiplicados pela concepção de poder que foi assumida. / The student is an invention. Such category has not always existed in History. Only after the late 19th century it is possible to speak not only of its emergence but also the process of producing a new subjectivity of the child and the young. The school, responsible for welcoming them, is the principal agent of this production whose expertise is to make students. The present study outlines two aspects of that at the same time: a) the invention of the student as a non-ending process, being produced daily in the school routine, b) the association of the student invention not with the power possessed by school, but with the power relations exercised inside of it. In order to do so, a field research has been developed to observe practices and student discourses which took the student as an issue. A state high school was chosen and the field work conducted during the years 2008 and 2009. Conversations with students were registered at the end of each year and completed the research material. Inspired by the conception of power relations developed by French philosopher Michel Foucault (1926-1984), an analysis has been carried out which sought to explore some of the possibilities and the effects of power relations established within the school in terms of an everyday invention of the student. This brought the idea that the invention of the student does not require fixed and specific practices and discourses to its implementation. Instead, it can be thought of an array of inventions made possible through games, contests, unpredictability as well as possibilities of inversion, that would possible by the school power relations. Furthermore, we have tried to adopt a look and a written open to fortuitousness, the singular, the unexpected, the varied and repeated, multiplied by the conception of power that was hereby assumed.

Dissertação(mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Escola de Enfermagem, 2003. / Submitted by eloisa silva (eloisa1_silva@yahoo.com.br) on 2012-08-23T18:35:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 jeanice.pdf: 860960 bytes, checksum: ee2d3af4c1f32ada059fc341dd6276ed (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Bruna Vieira(bruninha_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2012-11-06T23:34:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 jeanice.pdf: 860960 bytes, checksum: ee2d3af4c1f32ada059fc341dd6276ed (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-11-06T23:34:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 jeanice.pdf: 860960 bytes, checksum: ee2d3af4c1f32ada059fc341dd6276ed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Enfermeiras confrontam-se, no cotidiano, com situações das quais podem discordar, o que pode estar relacionado a seus valores, crenças, saberes, assumindo posturas de aceitação e/ou de resistência. Especificamente na área de saúde coletiva, enfermeiras podem estabelecer relações de poder com o gestor municipal de saúde, com a comunidade ou, ainda, com a própria equipe de enfermagem e com os demais profissionais de saúde. A partir da concepção foucaultiana de poder, procurou-se conhecer as estratégias construídas por enfermeiras no enfrentamento de dificuldades vivenciadas na implementação das ações em saúde. Nesta pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo, a coleta de dados foi realizada através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, com oito enfermeiras que atuam no Programa de Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (PACS) ou Programa de Saúde da Família (PSF), em municípios de abrangência da 6ª Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde (CRS) do Rio Grande do Sul. As entrevistas enfocaram as dificuldades vivenciadas pela enfermeira com o gestor municipal de saúde, a equipe de saúde e a comunidade para a implementação das ações em saúde; e as estratégias construídas para enfrentar tais dificuldades. A partir da análise dos dados, quatro categorias foram construídas: - Reunião de equipe como estratégia de organização do trabalho: pela possibilidade da enfermeira expressar-se, resistir, lutar, afrontar e reagir diante de dificuldades vivenciadas ao implementar as ações em saúde, sendo uma prática essencial para este processo. Pela sua relevância, a enfermeira luta e resiste para garanti-la como uma prática efetiva no seu ambiente de trabalho; - Prática dialógica como estratégia de cuidado de si e dos outros: favorece que as enfermeiras conquistem estrutura física adequada, recursos materiais e humanos necessários para implementar as atividades, bem como reajustes salariais, de modo a reconhecerem maior valorização pelo trabalho realizado; - A legislação como instrumento de construção de espaços de resistência: utilizado, pelas enfermeiras, como recurso de argumentação e de construção de espaços de resistência, o que favorece a luta por melhorias na sua prática profissional, refletindo, conseqüentemente, na implementação das ações em saúde e; - A comunidade exercendo poder na implementação das ações em saúde: mediante a busca de comprometimento da própria comunidade com o seu processo de saúde e a implementação das ações em saúde, como expressão de sua cidadania. / Nurses daily face situations where they can disagree and be related to their values, beliefs and knowledge, assuming attitudes of approval and/or resistance. Specially on collective health area, nurses can establish power relations among the city headmaster of health, the community, the nursing group itself and other health professionals. Based on the Foucaultian conception of power, the strategies built for nurses facing difficulties on the health actions implementations were found out. In this qualitative research, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with eight nurses working in the Health Community Agents Program (PACS) or Family Health Program(PSF), in cities within the 6th Health Regional Coordination (CRS) of Rio Grande do Sul. The interviews focused the (a) difficulties faced by nurses with the City headmaster of health, the health group and the community to the implementation of health actions; and (b) the strategies built to face such difficulties. We identified four different categories: (1) group meeting as one work organization strategy: when nurses can express, resist, fight, affront and react in front of difficulties faced to implement the health actions, being an essential practice for this process; (2) dialogical practice as one strategy of care for himself/herself and for the others: support the nurses to achieve a suitable physical structure, human and material necessary resources to implement their activities, salary readjustments as well, in order to recognize valorization for their work done; (3) legislation as one instrument to resistance space construction: used by nurses as a resource to argue and construct spaces of resistance, that supports their fight for improvements on his/her professional practice, reflecting consequently the implementation of health actions; and (4) the community exercising power on the health actions implementation: by searching the commitments of the community with its process of health and the implementation of health actions as expression of its citizenship. / Enfermeras confrontanse, diariamente, con situaciones que ellas pueden discrepar, lo que puede relacionarse a sus valores, las creencias, el conocimiento, asegurando actitudes de aprobación y/o resistencia. Especialmente en el área de salud colectiva, enfermeras pueden establecer relaciones de poder con el director municipal de salud, con la comunidad o con el grupo de enfermeros y otros profesionales de salud. Basado en la concepción del foucaultiana de poder, se investigaron las estrategias construidas por enfermeras que enfrentan las dificultades en las aplicaciones de acciones de salud. En esta investigación, de rasgo cualitativo, la colección de los datos se hizo a través de entrevistas parcialmente estructuradas, con ocho enfermeras que trabajan en el Programa de Agentes de la Comunidad para la Salud (PACS)o el Programa de Salud Familiar (PSF), en ciudades que pertenecen a la 6ª. Coordinación Regional de Salud (CRS) de Río Grande Sur. Las entrevistas enfocaron (a) las dificultades enfrentadas por las enfermeras con el director municipal de salud, el grupo de salud y la comunidad para la implementación de acciones de salud; y (b) las estrategias construidas para desafiar tales dificultades. Con el análisis de los datos, se construyeron cuatro clases: (1) reunión de grupo como estrategia de organización de trabajo: con la posibilidad de la enfermera de expresar, resístir, luchar, afrentar y reaccionar delante de las dificultades enfrentadas a implementar las acciones en salud, mientras siendo una práctica esencial a este proceso; (2) practica Dialogical como estrategia de cuidado para si mismo y para los otros: apoye a las enfermeras para lograr una estructura física conveniente, recursos humanos y materiales necesarios a implementar las actividades, aún los reajustes del sueldo para reconocer una mayor valorización para el trabajo; (3) la legislación como el instrumento construcción de espacios de resistencia: usado por enfermeras, como un recurso para defender y construir espacios de resistencia que apoya la lucha por las mejoras en la práctica profesional, por consiguiente, en la implementación de acciones en salud y; (4) la comunidad ejerciendo poder en la implementación de las acciones en salud: investigando los compromisos de la comunidad con su proceso de salud y la implementación de acciones en salud, como la expresión de su ciudadanía.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / On May 31st, 1252, before the most important aristocrats of the kingdom, Alfonso X was crowned King of Castile and Leon in a public ceremony and detached from traditional sacralization rites of the medieval monarchies. The political trajectory of the Alfonsine reign was marked by periods of unrelenting conflicts and social tensions, the causes of these disruptions were directly linked to the production and attempt to establish a daring government program that sought above all to unify legislation and renew the right of the kingdom, something not effected. Faced with a political scenario of uprisings and the need to secure the support of his subjects for their demands for government, Alfonso X produced a range of legal rules - coercive and concessive - aimed at strengthening his royal authority, at the same time time in which it looked for legislative tools that made possible to rebalance its relation with the political society of the kingdom in an eternal game of powers. We have understood these aspects like something inherent to the noble negotiations that guided the relations between this monarch and the aristocracies secular and ecclesiastical of the period. When we take the characteristics presented above as the north of research and when analyzing a documentary corpus composed of chronicles and legal documents elaborated on and during the Alfonsine period, we had as objective in our research to examine the relations of negotiations developed by Alfonso X throughout his reign, looking for to understand the constant crises of monarchical authority, abyss of legitimacy and, consequently, the political and juridical actions established by him in the search for the realization of power. Thus, we could argue that political fragmentation did not mean the absence of legitimacy, authority, or power. On the contrary, decentralization only emphasized the mechanisms of negotiations, a fundamental aspect in the constitution and maintenance of seigniorial society in the Central Middle Ages. / No dia 31 de maio de 1252, diante dos aristocratas mais importantes do reino, Alfonso X foi coroado rei de Castela e Leão em uma cerimônia pública e desprendida de ritos de sacralização tradicionais das monarquias medievais. A trajetória política do reinado alfonsino foi marcada por períodos de incessantes conflitos e tensões sociais, as causas de referidas perturbações estavam diretamente ligadas à produção e tentativa de instauração de um audacioso programa de governo que buscava, sobretudo, a unificação legislativa e a renovação do direito do reino, algo não efetivado. Diante de um cenário político de sublevações e na necessidade de garantir o apoio dos seus súditos para as suas demandas de governo, Alfonso X produziu uma gama de normas jurídicas – coercitivas e concessivas – que tinham por finalidade o fortalecimento da sua autoridade régia, ao mesmo tempo em que buscava ferramentas legislativas que possibilitassem equilibrar novamente a sua relação com a sociedade política do reino num eterno jogo de poderes. Temos entendido tais aspectos como algo inerente às negociações senhoriais que nortearam as relações entre este monarca e as aristocracias laicas e eclesiásticas do período. Ao tomarmos as características acima apresentadas como norte de investigação e ao analisarmos um corpus documental composto por crônicas e documentos jurídicos elaborados sobre e no período alfonsino, tivemos como objetivo em nossa pesquisa examinar as relações de negociações desenvolvidas por Alfonso X ao longo do seu reinado, procurando entender as constantes crises de autoridade monárquica, abalos de legitimidade e, consequentemente, as ações políticas e jurídicas instauradas por ele na busca pela efetivação do poder. Assim, pudemos defender o quanto a fragmentação política não significou a ausência da legitimidade, da autoridade e, tampouco, do poder. Ao contrário, a descentralização apenas salientou mais os mecanismos de negociações, aspecto fundamental na constituição e manutenção da sociedade senhorial na Idade Média Central. / São Cristóvão, SE

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:13:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberto Francisco de Carvalho.pdf: 3479433 bytes, checksum: 240e3f8ae318f45ee67ca3e594ee0f5f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-24 / This study aims to understand the participation in the FUT management process according to the institutional documents and the university community perception: teachers, students, and administrative staff. To achieve the goal, we used an empirical-theoretical investigation, including bibliographic survey and documentary research, related to the written documentation about the FISEs, especially the FUT, and field research including the university community from seven campuses involved in the study. The study about the participation in the FUT management process had as basis the understanding in the social regulation process, resulting from the overlapping of the public and private spheres, and the liberal and materialist-historical democratic approaches. From this broader discussion, we make explicit the tension between the business-strategical and the participatory-democratical management perspectives and the participation in the business organizations and social institutions as the FISES. Owing to the social regulation perspective, we aim to understand the civil society participation in the Brazilian State modernization process, and in its bulge, the historical democratization of the Brazilian public university, in distinct moments, in its management process. We aim to deepen the discussion about the moment that the market power and the social organizations were made explicit tensioned by the State- 1990 to 2010- in which the private market sphere has been strengthened at the expense of public and showing the process of superior education marketization, making explicit, within the FISES, the neo professional, heteronomous, competitive, an operational nature characteristics. In this context the democracy, neoliberal-liberal, and minimalist values have been strengthened in the FISES and in the FUT, operationalized in the management logic and in the business strategical participation. This is also, the context in which we aim to understand the participation in the FUT management process, a university that, at first, shows an organized structure by councils and boards with the teachers, students, and administrative staff representation, favorable to a participation in the participatory-democratic perspective, but that implements a management very close to the management perspective, in which not even the representative liberal participation has been consolidated. Owing that in the FUT deliberative councils there is a strong concentration of power in the managers‟ hands, it is even more distant from the consolidation of an effective participation in which the university community segments have more equality of participation in the deliberative spaces, as well as the expand of these segments participation in the institutional management process, covering, in addition to implementing, the highest levels and degrees in the decision-making process, as the definition of the guidelines, politics, financial management, and institutional evaluation. Paradoxically, in the perspective of the participation as politics fight, although there is a demand from the university community to take part in the decision-making processes, there is a low participation in these same spaces and in activities or important actions that are happening in the university, mainly related to the policy guidelines proposition level. Though smaller in scale, the obstacles to the participation in the FUT management process don‟t differ from the obstacles in the society participation in general, and they are related to the way the production system and the social reproduction is organized and effective. / O presente estudo busca compreender a participação no processo de gestão da UFT conforme os documentos institucionais e a percepção da comunidade universitária: docentes, discentes e técnico-administrativos. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, utilizamos uma investigação de natureza teórico-empírica, incluindo levantamento bibliográfico e pesquisa documental, envolvendo a documentação escrita acerca das IFES, especialmente da UFT, e pesquisa de campo abrangendo os sujeitos da comunidade universitária dos sete campi envolvidos no estudo. O estudo acerca da participação no processo de gestão da UFT teve como ponto de partida o entendimento do processo de regulação social, resultante da imbricação das esferas pública e privada, e das abordagens liberal e histórico-materialista de democracia. A partir dessa discussão mais ampla, explicitamos a tensão entre as perspectivas estratégico-empresarial e democrático-participativa de gestão e participação nas organizações empresariais e instituições sociais como as IFES. Tendo em vista tal perspectiva de regulação social, procuramos compreender a participação da sociedade civil no processo de modernização do Estado brasileiro e, no seu bojo, a histórica democratização da universidade pública brasileira, com destaque para a participação da comunidade universitária, em momentos distintos, no seu processo de gestão. Buscamos aprofundar a discussão sobre o momento em que se tem explicitado o poder do mercado e das organizações sociais tensionado pelo Estado - 1990 a 2010 - no qual tem sido fortalecida a esfera privada mercantil em detrimento da pública e evidenciado o processo de mercantilização da educação superior, explicitando, no âmbito das IFES, as características de natureza neoprofissional, heterônoma, competitiva e operacional. Nesse contexto têm sido fortalecidos nas IFES, como na UFT, os valores da democracia liberal/neoliberal minimalista, operacionalizados na lógica da gestão e da participação estratégico-empresarial. Esse é, também, o contexto no qual buscamos compreender a participação no processo de gestão da UFT, uma universidade que, em princípio, apresenta uma estrutura organizada em conselhos e colegiados com a representação dos segmentos dos professores, estudantes e técnico-administrativos, favorável a uma participação na perspectiva democrático-participativa, mas que implementa uma gestão muito próxima da perspectiva gerencial, na qual nem mesmo a participação liberal representativa se consolidou. Tendo em vista que nos conselhos deliberativos da UFT existe forte concentração de poder na figura dos gestores, está ainda mais distante de se consolidar uma efetiva participação na qual os segmentos da comunidade universitária tenham mais igualdade de participação nos espaços deliberativos, bem como de se ampliar a participação de tais segmentos no processo de gestão institucional, abrangendo, para além da execução, os níveis e graus mais elevados do processo de tomada de decisão, como a definição das diretrizes, políticas, planejamento, financiamento e avaliação institucionais. Paradoxalmente, na perspectiva de participação como luta política, embora haja uma demanda da comunidade universitária por participar dos processos de tomada de decisão, ocorre uma baixa participação nesses mesmos espaços e em atividades ou ações importantes que vêm ocorrendo na universidade, principalmente no que se refere ao nível da proposição de diretrizes políticas. Embora em menor escala, os obstáculos à participação no processo de gestão da UFT não diferem dos obstáculos à participação na sociedade de uma forma geral, e têm a ver com o modo como o sistema de produção e reprodução social está organizado e se efetiva.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:20:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maisa Kelly Nodari.pdf: 1840746 bytes, checksum: 9684a5cd9bb1843a872e9889d6c770d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-30 / On August 7th, 2006 it was enacted the Law n.º 11,340/06, popular known as Maria da Penha Law, which essentially aims to restrain and prevent any forms of violence against women based on gender issues. Starting from this premise, the paper, through qualitative research in documentary sources, analyzes the speech emanated from the various legal actors in four criminal cases already judged by the Jury Trial of Toledo District. These processes were processed duo to homicides committed by men against women with whom they maintained close relationship of affection, and are problematized in the context of domestic violence and gender violence, this one understood from power relations. It is analyzed, withal, the legal treatment given to this case, since the beginning of the investigations until its conclusion, focusing on the emphases and the silences noticed to the construction of a legal truth and the Maria da Penha Law application. / No dia 07 de agosto de 2006 foi promulgada a Lei n.º 11.340/06, conhecida popularmente como Lei Maria da Penha, a qual, essencialmente, visa coibir e prevenir qualquer forma de violência contra as mulheres baseadas em questões de gênero. Partindo-se desta premissa, o trabalho, por meio de pesquisa qualitativa em fontes documentais, analisa os discursos emanados dos diversos atores jurídicos em quatro processos criminais já julgados pelo Tribunal do Júri da Comarca de Toledo. Estes processos tramitaram em virtude de homicídios praticados por homens contra mulheres com quem mantinham relação íntima de afeto, e são problematizados no contexto da violência doméstica, familiar e de gênero, esta entendida a partir de relações de poder. Analisa-se, sobretudo, o tratamento judicial dado a estes casos, desde o início das investigações até a sua conclusão, enfocando as ênfases e os silêncios percebidos para a construção de uma verdade jurídica e a aplicação da Lei Maria da Penha.

Throughout history South Africa has been dominated by a white race group and during the era of apartheid racial segregation was encouraged as well as an idea of racial order was established through institutionalised racism. Marriage across racial borders was prohibited according to the Mixed Marriages Act. The end of apartheid and the transition to democracy in 1994 meant a radical political change within the country, but the issue of race became a question of social and economic inequality. In this essay I study the approaches and experiences of interracial couples in the post-apartheid society, and interracial couples impact on the South African society. I am particularly interested in the South Africans idea of social order today and whereas racial thinking is still present in the postapartheid society. I use qualitative content analysis to discuss ideas of order in relation to race and my material consist in audio files from interviews with interracial couples, as well as literature, books and articles. In my analysis I discuss cultural and social norms, fear of race pollution, prejudice and racial stereotypes as well as thoughts about unity and humanness. Racial thinking is still present in the South African society although the development of relationships across racial borders has increased since the end of apartheid. The interracial couples in my study notice a certain uncomfortableness among the people in their surroundings, some more than others, because people are still getting used to the thought of interracial couples. Although racist beliefs and power relations are still implied by the surroundings the couples appear to feel increasingly at home in South Africa, even though they live in an in-between world, in a New South Africa.

Au Brésil, les mouvements antiautoritaires engagés notamment dans de la réforme psychiatrique participent de la création de dispositifs de participation sociale parmi les plus innovants qu’on puisse trouver sur le plan de la démocratisation. La présente recherche avait d’abord pour objectif de comprendre comment de ces dispositifs agissent sur les rapports sociaux de pouvoir traversant le réseau de santé mentale de la ville de Campinas dans l’État de São Paulo. Nous problématisons les forces sociales et économiques qui participent de la construction de ce réseau et de son « système d’analyse et de cogestion » ; une organisation participative impliquant côte à côte des destinataires, des travailleurs, des gestionnaires et parfois des élus locaux. En survolant les différents courants de la sociologie des organisations, nous découvrons le rôle central de la prise en compte du destinataire de services pour l’étude de la dimension sociopolitique de l’organisation. Il ne s’agit pas d’étudier les rapports sociaux de pouvoir sous l’angle des dispositifs participatifs, mais bien à partir des expériences vécues et de la production collective de subjectivation politique. À partir de données recueillies lors d’une ethnographie de huit mois auprès du réseau de santé mentale de Campinas, nous observons en quoi la transformation des rapports sociaux de pouvoir vécue subjectivement par les acteurs renvoie à des configurations collectives spécifiques communément nommées rodas (cercle en portugais). Cette notion fait référence aux situations au cours desquelles un petit groupe d’acteurs se réunit pour réfléchir, débattre et décider d’actions à mener en rapport à la santé mentale dans la ville. Ces configurations collectives permettent aux citoyens de donner sens et forme à un projet local de démocratisation. L’étude se consacre alors à comprendre comment les rodas agissent sur les rapports sociaux de pouvoir induits par l’organisation participative locale. En 2012, le réseau de santé mentale de Campinas traverse une des plus importantes crises de son histoire. Des coupures et la privatisation de services ont mené à une vaste mobilisation citoyenne. Dans ce contexte, nous identifions les points de tensions et d’agencements entre les rodas et les dispositifs participatifs du réseau en portant attention aux expériences quotidiennes. L’analyse des rodas ouvre de nouvelles pistes de compréhension des dynamiques de pouvoir collectif en contexte organisationnel. Par le partage de temps dans une pluralité d’espaces ouverts, par le partage d’affects ainsi que par la problématisation collective d’évènements critiques affectant le quotidien, les rodas agissent sur la hiérarchisation de manière à la réduire. Cet effort collectif de démocratisation sans cesse renouvelé ne permet toutefois pas de venir à bout des inégalités de pouvoir induites par l’organisation des services et par la société brésilienne. Comme pratique citoyenne, les rodas constituent néanmoins des leviers collectifs pour dénoncer des contradictions et des injustices sociales au sein et en dehors de l’organisation participative. Elles relèvent la possibilité d’une critique collective continue ouverte à la créativité sociale. Cette recherche ouvre un nouveau champ d’études sur les innovations citoyennes en contexte d’organisation participative; un champ d’autant plus prometteur qu’il s’inscrit dans un renouvellement critique de la sociologie des organisations. / In Brazil, anti-authoritarian movements, particularly those engaged in psychiatric reform, are creating some of the newest innovative democratic forms of social participation. The aim of this research is first to understand how these new participatory schema act on the social relations of power across the mental health network in the city of Campinas in the State of São Paulo. I first problematize the social and economic forces involved in the construction of this network and its "system of analysis and co-management". This participatory model of organization requires users, workers, managers and sometimes local elected officials work side by side. Across the different streams of organizational sociology, the user is seen to play a central role in defining the socio-political dimension of the organization. However this is not achieved through participatory schema rather the user arises from the production of political subjectivation and the actual experiments themselves. Using ethnographic data collected during an eight-month period from across the Campinas mental health network, I observe how the transformation of the subjective social relations of power experienced by the actors refers to specific collective configurations commonly known as "rodas" (Circle in Portuguese). The term “rodas” refers to small groups of actors who meet to reflect, debate and decide on actions to be taken in relation to mental health practices in the city. These collective configurations allow citizens to give meaning and form to a local democratization project. The study then focuses on how the rodas influence the social relations of power induced by the local organization. In 2012, the Campinas mental health network went through one of the biggest crises in its history. Cuts and the privatization of services led to widespread citizen mobilization. In this context, I identify tensions and strategies within the rodas and their means for participation across the network paying attention to their everyday experiences. The analysis of rodas opens up new avenues of understanding the levers of collective power in an organizational context. Through the sharing of time in a plurality of open spaces, through sharing affect as well as through collective problem-solving of critical events impacting affecting daily life, the rodas act to reduce organisational e hierarchy. This collective effort of constantly renew democratization does not however make it possible to overcome the inequalities of power induced by the organization of services and by Brazilian society. As a form of citizen participatory practice, rodas nevertheless provide collective levers that denounce contradictions and social injustices within and outside the organization. Their practices highlight the possibility of a continuous collective criticism open to social creativity. This research opens a new field of study on citizen participation and innovation in the context of the organization; a field that is all the more promising because it is part of a critical renewal of the sociology of organizations.

Cette étude doctorale présente une analyse des identités musulmanes et de leurs multiples compréhensions dans un contexte d’immigration, de globalisation et de multiculturalisme en Finlande et au Québec, Canada. Elle porte sur les auto-identifications d’étudiantes universitaires issues de l’immigration qui ont un attachement personnel à l’identité musulmane – cette identité peut être considérée, entre autres, comme religieuse, culturelle ou faisant partie de l’héritage familial. Ainsi, elle peut être vécue comme acquise, choisie, adorée, mais aussi imposée, rejetée ou ignorée. Étant donné que dans plusieurs contextes européens et nord-américains l’identité musulmane est devenue « le symbole de l’Autre », les rapports de pouvoir locaux et globaux sont mis en relief dans notre étude. Nous supposons que quelle que soit la manière dont les participantes s’identifient comme musulmanes, elles ne peuvent pas échapper aux hiérarchies de pouvoir discriminatoires qui participent à la définition de leur « groupe ». Notre thèse interdisciplinaire est au croisement des disciplines des sciences des religions, de l’approche discursive de l’identité et des études critiques sur le multiculturalisme et sur les rapports de pouvoir. Nous appuyant sur un corpus de 30 entrevues effectuées en milieu universitaire à Helsinki, à Turku et à Montréal, nous proposons d’analyser les identités musulmanes des participantes dans le cadre méthodologique et théorique de la théorie du soi dialogique et des pragmatiques discursives à partir d’une conception d’un sujet hétérogène et multivocal. Ce cadre nous permet de cerner l’identité comme négociée et instable qui est, en même temps, à la recherche d’une certaine cohérence. L’objectif de notre recherche est de proposer une nouvelle analyse des identités musulmanes à partir des interactions complexes entre les identifications, les désidentifications et les confusions en tant que « types de négociation » identitaires. Ces négociations s’ancrent dans différents contextes discursifs : elles se réalisent à partir des rapports de pouvoir globaux et locaux, de divers repères spatiaux et temporels ainsi que de multiples positions et voix du soi et des autres, auxquels nous nous intéressons. Ainsi, les résultats de notre recherche confirment la complexité de la construction identitaire musulmane. Ils reflètent des manières multiples de considérer cette identité comme contextuellement construite et négociée en relation avec l’altérité et avec plusieurs points d’identifications saillants. Notre recherche contribue donc à dépasser certaines simplifications des définitions de l’identité musulmane : elle propose des moyens de s’éloigner de certaines tendances actuelles théoriques qui ne soulignent pas suffisamment la multiplicité qui caractérise la construction de cette identité. / In this doctoral research project I explore the multiplicity of Muslim identity construction in Finland and the province of Quebec, Canada, within the context of immigration, globalization, and multiculturalism. My interest lies in the Muslim self-identifications of female students who have an immigrant background. They can define their Muslim identities in many different ways: as religious, cultural, part of family heritage, and so forth. Thus, these identities can be experienced as given, chosen, or admired, but also imposed, rejected or ignored. As Muslim identity has become “the symbol of the Other” in many European and North American societies, the global and local power relations are also prominent in my research. I assume that in whatever ways the participants identify themselves as Muslims, they cannot wholly escape discriminatory power hierarchies which participates in shaping the definition of their “group”. My interdisciplinary thesis situates itself in the field of religious studies. It engages with a discursive approach to identity and with a critical approach to multiculturalism and power relations. The analysis draws on a corpus of thirty (30) qualitative and semi-structured interviews conducted in university contexts in Helsinki, Turku and Montreal. Dialogical Self Theory and Discursive Pragmatics are used to explore Muslim identities, as these theories draw upon heterogeneous and multivocal subject positions. This framework allows me to conceptualize identity as something negotiated and unstable, but which, at the same time, aims at a certain degree of coherence. In my analysis I propose new ways to analyse Muslim identities by considering the complex interplay of identifications, disidentifications, and confusions as “types” of identity negotiation. I observe the multiple ways these types of negotiations are acted out in various discursive contexts and the ways they are anchored in local and global power relations. I draw especially attention to diverse temporal and spatial reference points and to multiple positions and voices of the self and others. The results of my research confirm the complexity of Muslim identity construction, as they reflect a variety of ways these identities can be contextually negotiated through the self and the other. As such, my research contributes to overcoming some simplifications of the definitions of Muslim identities: it proposes an alternative way to study Muslim identity construction beyond certain theoretical tendencies treating these identities without being able to fully highlight the complexity and the multiplicity that characterises them. / Tutkin väitöskirjassani muslimi-identiteetin monimuotoisuutta monikulttuurisuuden, globalisaation ja maahanmuuton kontekstissa Suomessa ja Québecin provinssissa Kanadassa. Keskityn tutkimukseeni osallistuneiden naispuolisten maahanmuuttajataustaisten korkeakouluopiskelijoiden tapoihin, joilla he määrittelevät itsensä muslimina: he saattavat kokea muslimi-identiteettinsä uskonnollisina, kulttuurisina tai hyväksyttynä osana perheen perintöä. Toisin sanoen heidän muslimi-identiteettinsä voivat olla ennalta annettuja, itse valittuja tai ihannoituja, mutta myös ulkoapäin pakotettuja, torjuttuja tai ignoroituja. Koska muslimi-identiteetistä on tullut ”toiseuden symboli” monessa Euroopan ja Pohjois-Amerikan maassa, myös globaalit ja paikalliset valtasuhteet ovat tutkimukseni keskiössä. Lähtokohtani on, että osallistujat eivät voi täysin välttää syrjiviä valtahierarkioita, jotka osallistuvat heidän “ryhmänsä” määrittelemiseen. Ja tämä huolimatta painoarvosta, jonka he muslimi-identiteetilleen antavat. Tutkimukseni on monitieteellinen ja laadullinen. Se sijoittuu uskontotieteen kenttään. Taustateorioinani käytän diskursiivista lähestymistapaa identiteettiin ja kriittistä lähestymistapa monikulttuurisuuteen sekä valtasuhteisiin. Pääaineistoni koostuu 30 puolistrukturoidusta haastattelusta, jotka on toteutettu yliopistoympäristössä Helsingissä, Turussa ja Montrealissa. Analysoin muslimi-identiteettiä dialogisen itsen (Dialogical Self Theory) ja pragmaattis-diskursiivisesta teoreettis-metodologisesta viitekehyksestä, joka perustuu heterogeenisten subjektipaikkojen moniääniseen ja monipaikkaiseen tarkasteluun. Kyseinen teoreettis-metodologinen viitekehys auttaa minua lähestymään identiteettiä epävakaana ja neuvoteltuna, mutta myös voimana, joka pyrkii luomaan jatkuvuutta. Tutkimukseni tarkoituksena on kehittää uusi lähestymistapa muslimi-identiteetin analysoimiseen useiden erilaisten samaistumisen ja epäsamaistumisen tapojen sekä hämmentyneiden positioiden kautta. Nämä identiteetin ”neuvottelutyypit” rakentuvat useissa eri diskursiivisissa konteksteissa ja ajan ja paikan kiinnekohdissa. Ne kiinnittyvät täten globaaleihin ja paikallisiin valtasuhteisiin sekä itsen ja toisten positioihin ja ääniin. Tutkimukseni tulokset vahvistivat käsitystä muslimi-identiteetin monimuotoisuudesta ja useista erilaisista tavoista, joilla sitä voidaan rakentaa eri diskursiivisissa konteksteissa itsen ja toiseuden kautta. Tulokset edesauttavat kyseenalaistamaan muslimi-identiteetin osittain yksinkertaisia yleisiä määritelmiä sekä nykyajan teoreettisia lähestymistapoja, jotka eivät aina kykene tuomaan esiin sen moninaisuutta.