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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

An?lise da express?o de fatores de transcri??o caracter?sticos de TH1, TH2, TH17 e TREG em c?lulas TCD4+ de crian?as asm?ticas

Ara?jo, Patr?cia Dias de 31 March 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-08-13T20:17:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 473456 - Texto Parcial.pdf: 768622 bytes, checksum: 552f69a1d4c4b1b7e4906070b478b964 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-13T20:17:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 473456 - Texto Parcial.pdf: 768622 bytes, checksum: 552f69a1d4c4b1b7e4906070b478b964 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Introduction: Asthma is a disease that affects most children, characterized by inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. Asthma has two main phenotypes depending on the presence of atopy. In addition to Th2 cells, Th17 cells, Th1 and Treg cells are involved in disease pathology by secreting cytokines. CD4 T cells have plasticity, which are influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Aim: To assess the phenotypic profile of CD4 T cells in asthmatic children of school age, with or without the presence of atopy and healthy controls and correlate the data with disease severity. In addition, analyze cells expressing more than one transcription factor in the blood of atopic asthmatic children to D.pteronyssinus stimulating mononuclear cells with DerP1 protein. Methods: This was a cross-sectional case-control study, where 8-14 years-old asthmatic and healthy children were recruited of public schools in Porto Alegre/RS. Mononuclear cells were isolated by Histopaque peripheral blood of children and cultured with anti-CD3/CD28 or DerP1 protein. After 24 hours the cells were stained with antibodies specific for transcription factors for analysis of Th2, Th17, Th1 and Treg cells by flow cytometry. Moreover, it was analyzed in plasma allergen-specific IgE specific. Results: The results showed that children with asthma have a higher frequency of CD4+ GATA-3+ compared to controls. Frequency of CD4+GATA-3+ROR?t+ cells correlated with disease severity, except with severe therapy resistant asthma (STRA). Atopic patients showed a higher proportion of co-expressing more than one transcription factor cells compared to non-atopic individuals. Stimulation with DerP1 protein enhances the frequency of CD4 + Foxp3 +ROR?t+ compared with the control and stimulation with anti-CD3/ CD28. Conclusion: In general, the results presented in this thesis allowed us to conclude that the allergens play an important role in the development of cells expressing more than one transcription factor in atopic patients. In addition, our study was the first to demonstrate that STRA children have a distinct expression profile of regulatory transcription factors of CD4 T cells Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg compared to other severity levels of the disease. / Introdu??o: A asma ? uma doen?a prevalente em crian?as, tendo como principal caracter?stica a inflama??o e hiperresponsividade das vias a?reas. Al?m das c?lulas Th2, as c?lulas Th17, Th1 e Treg s?o envolvidas na patologia da doen?a pela fun??o que elas e as citocinas por elas secretadas exercem. A asma apresenta dois fen?tipos principais, os quais dependem da presen?a de atopia. As c?lulas TCD4 apresentam plasticidade, que s?o influenciadas por fatores ambientais e gen?ticos. Objetivos: Avaliar o perfil fenot?pico de c?lulas TCD4 de crian?as em idade escolar asm?ticas, com ou sem a presen?a de atopia e de controles saud?veis. Correlacionar os dados obtidos com a severidade da doen?a. Al?m disso, avaliar as c?lulas que co-expressam mais de um fator de transcri??o no sangue de crian?as asm?ticas at?picas para D.pteronyssinus estimulando as c?lulas com a prote?na Derp1. Materiais e m?todos: Este foi um estudo transversal caso-controle, onde crian?as de 8 a 14 anos foram recrutadas de escolas p?blicas de Porto Alegre/RS, asm?ticas e controles. As c?lulas mononucleares foram isoladas por Histopaque do sangue perif?rico destas crian?as e colocadas em cultura com anti-CD3/CD28 ou com prote?na Derp1. Ap?s 24hs as c?lulas foram marcadas com anticorpos espec?ficos para os fatores de transcri??o para an?lise do perfil Th2, Th17, Th1 e Treg por citometria de fluxo. Al?m disto, foi analisado no plasma a IgE espec?fica para um painel de alergenos. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos mostraram que as comparado com os controles. As c?lulas duplo-positivas CD4+GATA-3+ROR?t+ correlacionaram com o grau de severidade da doen?a, exceto com asma severa de dif?cil controle (ADC). Pacientes at?picos apresentaram uma propor??o maior de c?lulas co-expressando mais de um fator de transcri??o comparados com indiv?duos n?o-at?picos. Estimula??o de c?lulas provenientes de pacientes at?picos com a prote?na Derp1 aumenta a frequ?ncia de c?lulas CD4+Foxp3+ROR?t+ quando comparados com o controle e estimula??o com anticorpos anti-CD3 e anti-CD28. Conclus?o: De uma maneira geral, os resultados apresentados nesta tese nos permitem concluir que os al?rgenos desempenham um papel importante no desenvolvimento das c?lulas que expressam mais de um fator de transcri??o em pacientes at?picos. Al?m disso, nosso estudo foi o primeiro a demonstrar que crian?as com ADC apresentam um perfil distinto de express?o de fatores de transcri??o reguladores de c?lulas TCD4 do tipo Th1, Th2, Th17 e Treg quando comparado com crian?as com doen?a menos severa.
12

Perfil do idoso acusado de cometer crime em um munic?pio do litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul

Brand?o, S?rgio Vieira 07 August 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-09-02T22:19:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 474471 - Texto Completo.pdf: 3411151 bytes, checksum: 57b92e34a45c05a44452b24fd9ba0163 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-02T22:19:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 474471 - Texto Completo.pdf: 3411151 bytes, checksum: 57b92e34a45c05a44452b24fd9ba0163 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-07 / Despite the remarkable growth of the elderly population, and the growing concern from various arenas with this population segment, old age is likewise the outcome of diverse opinions, myths and prejudices. It is genuine that the elderly frequently are victims of several kinds of hostility, but the fact remains that he or she, too, is also an agent of the committal of criminal offenses. In order to try to understand this phenomenon, I tried to describe the profile of the elderly accused of committing crime. Through documentary research could show that among the 4806 surveyed occurrences - corresponding to the total Occurrences bulletins registered in Imb?-RS Police Station in 2013 - found 92 occurrences related to elderly offenders (1.91% of total occurrences). The total population is 17,670 inhabitants (IBGE, 2010), and 2803 are elderly (15.9% of total population). The elderly population is formed by 1458 women (52% of the elderly) and 1345 men (48% of the elderly). Thus, we can say that in the period surveyed, 3.28% of the elderly were accused of committing some sort of crime. The proportion of non-aged adults (18 to 59 years) and seniors (60 and over) is 3.43 non-elderly adults for every elderly, i.e., older represent 22.6% of adults and 15.9% of the entire population. This study was able to show the profile of the elderly accused of committing crime: 75% are men; 53.2% have primary education and only 4.4% of them are illiterate. Therefore, a continuous and integrated action of the health network and public safety with other social areas ? particularly social studies ? can anticipate risk situations for the elderly (and the whole community) as well as preventing harmful occurrences, implementing studies and anticipating interventions to prevent injuries diseases, to promote citizenship, sort out conflicts and reduce urban violence. / Apesar do not?rio aumento da popula??o de idosos, e a crescente preocupa??o das mais diversas ?reas com esse segmento populacional, a velhice ?, ainda, fruto das mais variadas crendices, mitos e preconceitos. ? verdade que o idoso, muitas vezes, ? v?tima das mais diversas formas de agress?es, por?m n?o ? menos verdade que ele, da mesma maneira, tamb?m ? agente da pr?tica de delitos. A fim de buscar entender esse fen?meno, procurou-se descrever o perfil do idoso acusado de cometer crime. Atrav?s de pesquisa documental, pudemos comprovar que dentre as 4806 ocorr?ncias pesquisadas ? correspondentes ao total de Boletins de Ocorr?ncias registrados na Delegacia de Pol?cia de Imb?-RS no ano de 2013 ? 3,28% do total de idosos foi acusado de cometer algum tipo de crime (1,91% do total de ocorr?ncias), sendo que 75% dos crimes s?o praticados por homens. Os crimes contra a liberdade individual foram os mais cometidos. Quanto ? escolaridade dos agressores, 53,2% possuem ensino fundamental e apenas 4,4% declararam-se n?o alfabetizados. O maior ?ndice de agressores encontra-se na faixa et?ria entre 60 e 64 anos (57,6%). Dos crimes cometidos, 65,3 % correspondem ? amea?a (27,1%), Les?o corporal (26,1%) e Crimes contra o patrim?nio: 12,1%. Portanto, uma a??o cont?nua e integrada da rede de sa?de e de seguran?a p?blica com as demais ?reas sociais ? particularmente os estudos sociais ? pode antecipar situa??es de risco para idosos (e comunidade em geral), bem como evitar ocorr?ncias danosas, implementando estudos e antecipando interven??es que previnam agravos, de forma a promover a cidadania, gerenciar conflitos e reduzir a viol?ncia urbana.
13

Tend?ncia e caracter?sticas do atendimento anti-r?bico humano p?s-exposi??o na Regi?o Centro-Sul Fluminense, 2000-2005. / Trends and characteristics of human rabies postexposure prophylaxis in Center-South Region of Rio de Janeiro State, 2000-2005.

Poerner, Ana Lu?sa Perrone 22 February 2007 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:15:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007- Ana Luisa Perrone Poerner.pdf: 1459894 bytes, checksum: 00367d6cd6bb2110295c0fa6aad7546d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-22 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The objectives of this study were to understand the characteristics of human rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) in Center-South Region of Rio de Janeiro State and analyze PEP trends against epidemiologic situation of canine rabies, indirectly analyzing integration between control actions developed in the area. Data from 4310 patients who visited health services because of animal aggressions between years 2000 and 2005 were obtained in Health State Department, as well as canine vaccination coverage information. In this paper, descriptive analysis was used to study variables like: method and source of exposure occurrence, patients age and sex, health conditions and species of the animal aggressor, PEP interruption, characteristics of the wounds and previously PEP prescription. Data related to animal exposure incidences, PEP prescription incidence, dogs density, dog/human rate and canine vaccination coverage were also studied. Simple linear regression was carried out to obtain human rabies prescription and canine vaccination trends. c? test was used to verify significant difference (r ? 0,05) among vaccinated patients proportion in the period. Incidence of animal agression ranged from 10,1/10.000 persons in 2000 to 29,2/10.000 persons in 2005, with an average of 23,7/10.000 persons. Bite exposures accounted for 79,3% of the wounds, dogs were responsible for 86,2% of the cases and most of them were healthy at the moment of the aggression (44,8%). Male patients accounted for 57,5% of the cases. Most of the patients between 1 and 15 years (35%) also were male (62,2%). Most of the wounds were unique (59,7%) superficial (60,8%) and not-provoked (60,1%). Incidence of rabies PEP ranged from 5,1/10.000 persons in 2000 to 23,6/10.000 persons in 2005, reaching an average of 15,2/10.000 persons. Rabies PEP prescription average and estimated canine vaccination coverage in the period was 64,1% and 92,8%, respectively. Estimated relation dog/human in 2005 was 1:5,8 and dog density in the same year was 16,7 dogs/km?. There was significant difference between proportions of vaccinated and non-vaccinated patients in the period. The characteristics of human rabies post-exposure prophylaxis and animal aggressions hadn t changed and there was an ascended trend in human rabies post-exposure prophylaxis prescription, with high proportions and significant difference, despite the high levels of canine vaccination coverage and absence of human and canine rabies notification, indicating a lack of integration between prevention actions developed in the area. / O presente estudo teve como objetivo conhecer as caracter?sticas dos casos de atendimento anti-r?bico humano p?s-exposi??o na Regi?o Centro-Sul do Estado do Rio de Janeiro e analisar a tend?ncia da prescri??o de vacina anti-r?bica a humanos, v?timas de agress?o animal, frente ? situa??o epidemiol?gica da raiva canina, avaliando indiretamente a integra??o das a??es de profilaxia da raiva animal e humana na Regi?o. Os dados referentes ao atendimento anti-r?bico humano p?s-exposi??o de 4310 pacientes e informa??es sobre a cobertura vacinal canina, no per?odo de 2000 a 2005, foram obtidos na Secretaria Estadual de Sa?de. Foi realizada uma an?lise descritiva das vari?veis: tipo e modo de ocorr?ncia da agress?o, esp?cie animal agressora e sua condi??o, circunst?ncias da agress?o, localiza??o, gravidade e caracter?sticas do ferimento, motiva??o para a ocorr?ncia das agress?es, faixa et?ria e g?nero dos indiv?duos expostos, hist?rico de profilaxia anti-r?bica dos pacientes e ocorr?ncia de interrup??o da vacina??o. Foram calculadas a incid?ncia de atendimento antir?bico humano p?s-exposi??o, incid?ncia e percentual de prescri??o de vacina anti-r?bica humana p?s-exposi??o, densidade populacional de c?es, raz?o c?o/homem e cobertura vacinal canina. A regress?o linear simples foi utilizada para obten??o das retas de tend?ncia da prescri??o de vacina anti-r?bica humana e da vacina??o canina. O teste do c? foi utilizado para verificar se a propor??o de pacientes vacinados diferiu significativamente (r ? 0,05) entre os anos analisados. A incid?ncia de atendimentos variou de 10,1/10.000 habitantes em 2000 a 29,2/10.000 habitantes em 2005, com uma incid?ncia m?dia de atendimentos de 23,7/10.000 habitantes. A mordedura foi o principal tipo de agress?o (79,3%) e os c?es foram os principais agressores (86,2%), sendo que a maioria (44,8%) se encontrava sadia no momento da agress?o. A maioria dos pacientes (57,5%) foi do g?nero masculino. Os indiv?duos mais expostos tinham entre 1 e 15 anos de idade (35%), sendo que a maioria tamb?m era do sexo masculino (62,2%). A maior parte das les?es localizou-se nas m?os e p?s (36,6%), sendo que em crian?as menores de 15 anos a maioria das les?es ocorreu na cabe?a e pesco?o (75,6%). Predominaram os ferimentos ?nicos (59,7%), superficiais (60,8%) e n?o-provocados (60,1%). A incid?ncia de prescri??o de vacina anti-r?bica humana variou de 5,1/10.000 habitantes em 2000 a 23,6/10.000 habitantes em 2005, com uma incid?ncia m?dia de prescri??o de vacina de 15,2/10.000 habitantes. O percentual m?dio de pessoas vacinadas foi de 64,1%. A m?dia de cobertura vacinal canina atingida na regi?o foi de 92,8%. A rela??o c?o/homem estimada na regi?o em 2005 foi de 1:5,8 e a densidade populacional canina no mesmo ano foi de 16,7 c?es/km?. A propor??o de pacientes vacinados e n?o vacinados diferiu significativamente no per?odo analisado. As caracter?sticas dos casos de atendimento e dos animais agressores n?o se alteraram em rela??o aos relatados na literatura e observou-se uma tend?ncia ascendente na prescri??o de vacina anti-r?bica humana p?s-exposi??o, com altos percentuais e diferen?as significativas, apesar de altos n?veis de cobertura vacinal canina e aus?ncia de notifica??o de raiva canina e humana, demonstrando uma falta de articula??o entre as a??es do programa de controle na Regi?o.
14

Influ?ncia do laser de alta pot?ncia na inibi??o de processos desmineralizadores do esmalte dental

Tavares, Julieta Gomes 12 December 2007 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:29:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 399354.pdf: 7916796 bytes, checksum: 52f9942a655db745c4d2a97dff7dead8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-12 / Artigo 1 - Aim: The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of Nd:YAG and argon laser irradiations on the enamel acid demineralization by two different chemical laboratory models (pH cycling).Summary background data: The use of lasers to prevent enamel caries has been shown good results, but there are few comparative studies about the effect of different lasers in different pH models cycling.Methods and materials: Twenty one extracted human third molars were sectioned into tooth quarters. The quarters were distributed in three groups: GROUP I (control), non-treated; GROUP II received the Nd:YAG laser irradiation with the following protocol: 60 mJ, 15 pps, 0.9 W e 47.77 J/cm2, 30 seconds; and GROUP III received the argon laser irradiation with the following protocol: 250 mW, 12 J/cm2, 48 seconds. The surfaces were covered with an acid resistent varnish to be immersed in standard acidfied buffer solutions. The tooth quarters were submitted to a two different pH cycling: cycle 1: a 14-day remineralization (6 hours) and demineralization (18 hours) solutions, 37?C; cycle 2 with 48 hours in demineralization solution. The samples were prepared in slices (60 to 100 &#956;m) to be evaluated by polarized light microscopy. The demineralizations areas were measured (mm2) (n=11). Results: Means followed by different letters are significantly different to ANOVA and Tukey s test (p<0,05): 0.2509 A (control cycle 2); 0.1836 AB (control cycle 1); 0.1782 AB (Nd:YAG cycle 1); 0.1391 BC (argon cycle 2); 0.0927 BC (Nd:YAG cycle 2) e 0.0682 C (argon cycle 1). Conclusion:The results suggest that the treatment with argon laser was more effective, showing the smaller demineralization area by two different pH model cycling. Artigo 2 - Aim: The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of Nd:YAG and argon laser irradiations on the enamel acid demineralization by a chemical laboratory model to simulate acid erosion lesions.Summary background data: Erosive lesions in enamel are frequently found in patients with gastric-alimentary disturbs. There are no studies examining the use of lasers to prevent enamel erosions.Methods and materials: Third extracted human third molars were sectioned into tooth quarters. The quarters were distributed in three groups: GROUP I (control), non-treated; GROUP II received the Nd:YAG laser irradiation with the following protocol: 60 mJ, 15 pps, 0.9 W e 47.77 J/cm2, 30 seconds; and GROUP III received the argon laser irradiation with the following protocol: 250 mW, 12 J/cm2, 48 seconds. The surfaces were covered with an acid resistent varnish to be immersed in standard acidfied buffer solutions. The tooth quarters were submitted to a pH cycling: 14-day remineralization (6 hours) and demineralization (pH 2,5 - 18 hours) solutions, 37?C. The samples were prepared in slices (60 to 100 &#956;m) to be evaluated by polarized light microscopy. The demineralizations depths were mesured in mm (n=21). Results: Means followed by different letters are significantly different to ANOVA and Tukey s test (p<0,05): 0.1881 A (control occlusal); 0.1867 A (control cervical); 0.1610 B (argon occlusal); 0.1576 B (argon cervical); 0.1529 B (Nd:YAG occlusal); 0.1481 B (Nd:YAG cervical). Conclusions: The results suggest that the treatment with lasers increased the enamel acid demineralization resistance, so it can be indicated to prevent gastric-alimentary disturbs. / Artigo 1 - Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a ?rea de desmineraliza??o do esmalte irradiado com os lasers de Nd:YAG ou arg?nio, al?m de investigar dois m?todos de ciclagem de pH que simulam o desenvolvimento da doen?a c?rie.Problema: O uso dos lasers na preven??o de c?rie em esmalte tem sido pesquisado, mostrando bons resultados principalmente quando associados ao fl?or. Todavia, poucos estudos comparativos acerca do uso de lasers sobre o esmalte em diferentes ciclos de pH est?o dispon?veis.Materiais e m?todos: Vinte e um terceiros molares humanos inclusos extra?dos tiveram a por??o coron?ria seccionada em duas faces, vestibular e lingual; que, posteriormente, foram seccionadas em duas hemifaces. Os fragmentos foram distribu?dos aleatoriamente em tr?s grupos: o GRUPO I, de controle, n?o recebeu qualquer tratamento; o GRUPO II foi tratado com laser de Nd:YAG com 60 mJ, 15 pps, 0,9 W e 47,77 J/cm2, por 30 segundos; e, enfim, o GRUPO III tratado com laser de arg?nio com 250 mW, 12 J/cm2, por 48 segundos. Ap?s, as hemifaces de cada grupo tiveram a superf?cie de esmalte coberta com verniz, restando uma ?rea central de 3 mm x 3 mm, a qual foi exposta a um dos seguintes ciclos de pH: ciclo 1, compreendendo 14 dias de imers?o em solu??o desmineralizante por 6 horas/dia e solu??o remineralizante por 18 horas/dia a 37?C; ciclo 2, com 48 horas de imers?o em solu??o desmineralizante. As hemifaces foram cortadas em fatias com espessura de 60 a 100 &#956;m para obten??o das l?minas histol?gicas. Em seguida, foram observadas em microscopia de luz polarizada para medi??o das ?reas de desmineraliza??o (mm2) (n=11 por grupo). As m?dias obtidas foram: 0,2509 A (controle ciclo 2); 0,1836 AB (controle ciclo 1); 0,1782 AB (Nd:YAG ciclo 1); 0,1391 BC (arg?nio ciclo 2); 0,0927 BC (Nd:YAG ciclo 2) e 0,0682 C (arg?nio ciclo 1). M?dias seguidas de letras distintas apresentam diferen?a estat?stica para ANOVA e Tukey (p<0,05). Foi poss?vel concluir que o tratamento com o laser de arg?nio foi mais efetivo, apresentando uma menor ?rea de desmineraliza??o, sob a ciclagem de pH de 14 dias. Artigo 2 - Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em avaliar a profundidade de desmineraliza??o do esmalte, nas paredes cervical e oclusal, ap?s a aplica??o dos lasers de Nd:YAG e arg?nio.Problema: Les?es erosivas s?o comuns em indiv?duos com dist?rbios gastro-alimentares e podem levar ? perda do esmalte dental. N?o h? relatos na literatura do uso de lasers como um tratamento preventivo desta situa??o cl?nica.Materiais e m?todos: Trinta terceiros molares extra?dos tiveram as coroas seccionadas em duas partes, vestibular e lingual; sendo cada face vestibular e cada face lingual seccionada no sentido oclusocervical, no centro da face, obtendo-se 4 hemifaces, as quais foram distribu?das em tr?s grupos: o, GRUPO I, de controle, que n?o recebeu qualquer tratamento; o GRUPO II, tratado com o laser de Nd:YAG com 60 mJ, 15 pps, 0,9 W e 47,77 J/cm2, por 30 segundos; e, enfim, o GRUPO III, tratado com o laser de arg?nio com 250 mW, 12 J/cm2, por 48 segundos. Ap?s a aplica??o dos lasers, os fragmentos foram submetidos ? ciclagem de pH 2,5 por 14 dias. Em seguida, foram obtidas l?minas histol?gicas de 60 a 100 &#956;m para serem observadas em microsc?pio ?ptico de luz polarizada (n=21 por grupo). A profundidade de desmineraliza??o foi mensurada (mm) e os resultados m?dios obtidos foram: 0,1881 A (controle oclusal); 0,1867 A (controle cervical); 0,1610 B (arg?nio oclusal); 0,1576 B (arg?nio cervical); 0,1529 B (Nd:YAG oclusal); 0,1481 B (Nd:YAG cervical). M?dias seguidas de letras distintas apresentam diferen?a estat?stica para ANOVA e Tukey (p<0,05). Foi poss?vel concluir que o tratamento com os lasers aumentou a resist?ncia do esmalte ao ?cido, podendo ser empregado como m?todo preventivo frente a dist?rbios gastro-alimentares. Al?m disso, n?o houve diferen?a na profundidade de desmineraliza??o do esmalte nas paredes cervical e oclusal.
15

Efeito do uso acumulativo da crioterapia por imers?o na recupera??o de atletas de futebol: ensaio cl?nico randomizado / The accumative effect of cwi protocol on recovery of football athletes: randomized clinical trial

Pinheiro, Scheila Marisa 26 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-08-29T19:55:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ScheilaMarisaPinheiro_DISSERT.pdf: 3847156 bytes, checksum: 8bc930d7623cbbc06a593cd5747a81a1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-05T21:51:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ScheilaMarisaPinheiro_DISSERT.pdf: 3847156 bytes, checksum: 8bc930d7623cbbc06a593cd5747a81a1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-05T21:51:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ScheilaMarisaPinheiro_DISSERT.pdf: 3847156 bytes, checksum: 8bc930d7623cbbc06a593cd5747a81a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / Esportes com calend?rios congestionados como o futebol precisam ser monitorados para garantir que estrat?gias de recupera??o como o crioterapia por imers?o (CWI) sejam implementadas para melhorar o desempenho e minimizar o risco de les?es em esportistas. Esta t?cnica ? muito aceita por profissionais da sa?de e atletas, por?m os estudos ainda s?o controversos em rela??o aos benef?cios fisiol?gicos Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito acumulativo de CWI no processo de recupera??o muscular de atletas de futebol. Materiais e M?todos: Trata-se de um ensaio cl?nico randomizado. Foram inclu?dos 23 atletas aleatoriamente divididos em dois grupos: controle (10 minutos sentados) e experimental (CWI 10?C ?10 minutos). Ao todo, foram realizadas 7 sess?es imediatamente ap?s o treino. Foram avaliados, Creatina Quinase (CK), Lactato Desidrogenase (LDH), Atividade Eletromiogr?fica (pico do reto anterior, vasto lateral, b?ceps femoral), For?a Isom?trica de flexores e extensores de joelho, Pot?ncia do Salto, Percep??o Subjetiva de Esfor?o (PSE) e Percep??o de Recupera??o (PR). As avalia??es funcionais ocorreram no primeiro dia (pr? e p?s treino) e repetidas no ?ltimo dia. Al?m destes momentos, CK e LDH foram mensuradas com 24 horas ap?s o esfor?o. PSE e SR foram coletadas todos os dias. A an?lise estat?stica utilizada foi a Anova Mista, com Post-Hoc de Bonferroni, considerando o n?vel de signific?ncia de 5%. Resultados: Observou-se intera??o significativa nos n?veis de CK (p=0,02), tempo (p=0,005) e para grupos nos dias 9 e 10 (p= 0,01). Para LDH houve diferen?a intragrupos (p=0,03) e intergrupos no dia 10 (p=0,03). N?o obtiveram diferen?as para as an?lises de desempenho neuromuscular nem para a PSE. Para a SR houveram diferen?as intragrupos (p=0,001) e intergrupos (P=0,033) para o quinto e sexto dia. Conclus?o: O uso acumulativo da crioterapia por imers?o atenua o dano muscular, n?o inibe o processo de adapta??o para melhora do desempenho e promove sensa??o de recupera??o. / Football is a sport with congested calendars, which requires recovery strategies such as cold water immersion (CWI). This recovery technique is well spread through football clubs, although it lacks a profound physiologic investigation to understand its effects on athlete?s body. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of a long-term CWI exposure in football athlete?s. Methodology: In order to answer this question, we performed a randomized clinical trial in 23 sub-20 football athletes. All subjects were randomly divided into two groups; a control group (10 minutes seated rest) and a CWI group (10 minutes in a 10?C) during seven days in a row. We evaluated creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as molecular biomarkers for muscle damage. The blood samples were collected on the first, second, ninth and tenth days. Yet, we assessed the peak of muscle activity and isometric strength of the knee flexors and extensors, potency of lower limbs, perceived exertion (PE) and total quality recovery perceived (TQRPer) in order to understand the treatment physiological effect on the subjects on the first and last day of experiments (before and after training). Results: We found that CK is lower in the CWI group compared to control on the days 9 and 10 but not on the first applications. The LDH levels were different between groups only on the last evaluation on the tenth day. We did not find any changes in the neuromuscular performance or on the PE evaluation. Although, we found differences in the TQRPer evaluation comparing CWI and control groups on the fifth and sixth days. Conclusion: The long-term CWI exposure attenuates muscles damage, increase the perceived recovery and doesn?t inhibit the process of adaptation necessary for the performance improvement.
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Programa Nacional de Suplementa??o de Vitamina A: representa??es sociais, conhecimentos e pr?ticas em um munic?pio do Vale do Jequitinhonha

Marques, Elis?ngela Christina Siqueira 02 August 2013 (has links)
?rea de concentra??o: Interdisciplinar. / Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-08T16:47:21Z No. of bitstreams: 2 elisangela_christina_siqueira_marques.pdf: 1060712 bytes, checksum: 99efadf1578b54bdac9da1c675b35d09 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-08T16:48:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 elisangela_christina_siqueira_marques.pdf: 1060712 bytes, checksum: 99efadf1578b54bdac9da1c675b35d09 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-08T16:48:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 elisangela_christina_siqueira_marques.pdf: 1060712 bytes, checksum: 99efadf1578b54bdac9da1c675b35d09 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-08T16:49:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 elisangela_christina_siqueira_marques.pdf: 1060712 bytes, checksum: 99efadf1578b54bdac9da1c675b35d09 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-08T16:49:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 elisangela_christina_siqueira_marques.pdf: 1060712 bytes, checksum: 99efadf1578b54bdac9da1c675b35d09 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar representa??es sociais, conhecimentos e pr?ticas relacionadas ao Programa Nacional de Suplementa??o de Vitamina A (PNSVitA), em um munic?pio do Vale do Jequitinhonha. Esse Programa est? institu?do no ?mbito do Sistema ?nico de Sa?de, com vistas ? preven??o/controle da Defici?ncia de Vitamina A (DVA), um dos principais problemas de sa?de p?blica relacionados ? alimenta??o e nutri??o da atualidade. Como aporte metodol?gico, adotou-se a abordagem qualitativa e a Teoria das Representa??es Sociais. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e focalizadas com vinte m?es de crian?as benefici?rias do PNSVitA, sendo esse n?mero definido por inclus?o progressiva, interrompida pelo m?todo de satura??o. As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas e submetidas ? an?lise de conte?do na modalidade tem?tica. Com rela??o ?s pr?ticas referentes ao PNSVitA, este estudo revela que a suplementa??o de vitamina A tem sido uma estrat?gia vinculada ao Programa Nacional de Imuniza??o, quest?o que pode ter repercuss?es positivas e negativas. Demonstra que a pr?tica de suplementa??o tem sido desacompanhada de um adequado processo de comunica??o, informa??o e educa??o voltado ? popula??o benefici?ria, o que pode influenciar no conhecimento e nas concep??es que as m?es possuem a respeito da vitamina A, da DVA e do PNSVitA. Indica que a suplementa??o com megadoses da vitamina tem sido a estrat?gia central de preven??o/controle da DVA e sugere a inexist?ncia de atividades voltadas ? promo??o de uma alimenta??o adequada e saud?vel. No tocante aos conhecimentos das m?es acerca da tem?tica em estudo, evidencia-se que, em geral, eles s?o ausentes ou n?o correspondentes ao descrito na literatura cient?fica e t?cnica, quest?o que pode influenciar no reconhecimento da DVA como problema de sa?de p?blica local e na ado??o de corresponsabilidade pelas medidas preventivas. A partir da an?lise dos conhecimentos, com base na Teoria das Representa??es Sociais, este estudo revela que algumas m?es veem a vitamina A como a ?vitamina do posto?, o que indica a concep??o prim?ria desse nutriente como medicamento e n?o como elemento constituinte dos alimentos. Revela a concep??o de que a vitamina A ? uma vacina ou simplesmente uma vitamina (de forma gen?rica) e, por fim, demonstra que essa vitamina ? valorizada pelas m?es, mesmo que, em alguns momentos, elas n?o compreendam sua import?ncia. Conclui-se que, para efetiva preven??o/controle da DVA, faz-se necess?ria a prioriza??o das estrat?gias baseadas em alimentos em detrimento da suplementa??o medicamentosa de vitamina A, tendo em vista o direito humano ? alimenta??o adequada. Al?m disso, faz-se necess?rio o desenvolvimento/fortalecimento de atividades educativas voltadas ? popula??o acerca dessa car?ncia nutricional e das a??es destinadas a sua preven??o/controle. / Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Sa?de, Sociedade e Ambiente, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to analyze social representations, knowledge and practices related to the National Vitamin A Supplementation Program (PNSVitA in its Portuguese acronym) in a municipality of the Jequitinhonha Valley. This Program has been established within the framework of the Brazilian Unified Health System in order to prevent / control Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD), which is currently one of the major public health problems associated with food and nutrition. As far as methodology is concerned, a qualitative approach and the Social Representations Theory were adopted. Semi-structured and focused interviews were conducted with twenty mothers of children who benefit from the National Vitamin A Supplementation Program, this number being defined by progressive inclusion, interrupted by the saturation method. The interviews were tape-recorded, transcribed and subjected to thematic content analysis. With regard to the practices relating to the National Vitamin A Supplementation Program, this study reveals that vitamin A supplementation has been a strategy linked to the National Immunization Program. This is an issue that may have both positive and negative repercussions. It shows that the supplementation practice has not been accompanied by a proper communication, information and education process targeted at the beneficiary population. This may influence the knowledge and conceptions that mothers possess about vitamin A, VAD, and the PNSVitA. It indicates that supplementation with mega-doses of the vitamin has been the central strategy to prevent / control VAD, and suggests the absence of activities aimed at the promotion of appropriate and healthy eating habits. Concerning the knowledge that mothers possess about the subject area of the study, it is evidenced that, in general, such knowledge is absent or is not consistent with what is described in the scientific and technical literature. This is an issue that may affect the recognition of VAD as a local public health problem and that may influence the adoption of co-responsibility for preventive measures. Based on the analysis of their knowledge, in the light of the Social Representations Theory, this study reveals that some mothers view vitamin A as the ?vitamin from the community health post?, which indicates that this nutrient is primarily perceived as medication, and not as a constituent element of food. It reveals the conception that vitamin A is a vaccin or simply a vitamin (in a generic way), and finally it demonstrates that this vitamin is valued by these mothers, even though at times they do not understand its importance. It is concluded that, for effective prevention / control of vitamin A deficiency, it is necessary to prioritize food-based strategies rather than vitamin A drug supplementation, taking into account the human right to adequate food. In addition, it is necessary to develop / strengthen population-focused educational activities concerning this nutritional deficiency and the actions to prevent / control it.
17

Informa??es verbais associadas ? demonstra??o cl?nica para m?es n?o s?o mais eficazes que informa??es escritas na redu??o do biofilme dental em crian?as de 1 a 4 anos de idade / Oral health verbal information associated with the clinical demonstration for mothers are not more effective than written information on reducing dental biofilm in children 1-4 years old

Coelho, Val?ria Silveira 31 August 2015 (has links)
?rea de concentra??o: Odontopediatria. / Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-04-14T16:37:31Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) valeria_silveira_coelho.pdf: 1452954 bytes, checksum: d46ab203f1eb5d033aebafe22e34e30f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-04-14T16:38:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) valeria_silveira_coelho.pdf: 1452954 bytes, checksum: d46ab203f1eb5d033aebafe22e34e30f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-14T16:38:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) valeria_silveira_coelho.pdf: 1452954 bytes, checksum: d46ab203f1eb5d033aebafe22e34e30f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Apesar de n?o existir evid?ncia cient?fica de que a higiene bucal satisfat?ria reduz a experi?ncia de c?rie dent?ria, tamb?m n?o existe evid?ncia suficiente para condenar o valor da higiene bucal como medida preventiva. Al?m disso, n?o h? d?vida de que o adequado controle de biofilme dental ? a medida mais importante para prevenir doen?a periodontal. A instru??o de higiene bucal ? a base dos programas coletivos e individuais de preven??o da c?rie dent?ria e da doen?a periodontal em crian?as. O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar dois m?todos (informa??es verbais associadas ? demonstra??o cl?nica e informa??es escritas) de orienta??o em higiene bucal fornecidos a m?es na redu??o de biofilme dental em seus filhos de 1 a 4 anos de idade. Realizou-se um ensaio cl?nico randomizado paralelo simples cego com 84 crian?as (42 alocadas aleatoriamente no grupo I e 42 alocadas aleatoriamente no grupo II). No grupo I ? informa??es verbais associadas a demonstra??o cl?nica - o profissional leu um panfleto com instru??es de higiene bucal e, em seguida, essas instru??es foram praticadas durante a higieniza??o da crian?a pelo profissional com a observa??o da m?e. No grupo II - informa??es escritas - foi entregue um panfleto com instru??es de higiene bucal e solicitou-se ? m?e para l?-lo antes da escova??o noturna, diariamente. Foram coletadas informa??es relativas aos aspectos sociodemogr?ficos e tamb?m relacionados ? frequ?ncia e in?cio da escova??o da crian?a pela m?e. Os participantes foram examinados no baseline e uma semana ap?s as instru??es pelo ?ndice de biofilme dental Turesky-Quigley-Hein. Para a an?lise dos dados, empregou-se testes qui-quadrado mann-whitney e wilcoxon (p<0,05). Verificou-se que os dois grupos foram semelhantes em rela??o ?s caracter?sticas sociodemogr?ficas e quanto aos h?bitos de higiene bucal no baseline (p>0,05). A quantidade de biofilme dental entre os dois grupos no baseline foi semelhante (grupo I ? mediana = 0,27 e grupo II mediana = 0,30; p=0,771). Ambos os m?todos empregados melhoraram significativamente o ac?mulo de biofilme ap?s uma semana. Uma diferen?a estatisticamente significativa foi observada intra-grupo quanto ao ac?mulo de biofilme antes e ap?s a aplica??o da t?cnica de instru??o de higiene bucal ?s m?es (grupo I; p = 0,002 e grupo II; p <0,001) . N?o houve diferen?a na quantidade de biofilme entre os dois grupos ap?s a aplica??o das t?cnicas (grupo I ? mediana = 0,13 e grupo II mediana = 0,08; p= 0,805). Os m?todos de orienta??o fornecidos ?s m?es possu?ram efic?cia equivalente na redu??o do biofilme de seus filhos. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Odontologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2015. / ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to compare two guidance methods (verbal information associated with clinical demonstration and written information) on oral care provided to mothers in dental biofilm reduction in their children 1-4 years old. Material and methods: the study is a randomized single-blind parallel trial of 84 children (42 randomly allocated in group I and 42 randomly allocated to group II). Group I - verbal information associated with clinical demonstration - professional read a pamphlet with oral hygiene instructions and then those instructions were practiced during the professional cleaning with the child's mother observation. Group II - written information - was given a pamphlet with oral hygiene instructions and was asked his mother to read it before the night brushing daily. Participants were examined at baseline and one week after instructions by dental biofilm index Turesky-Quigley-Hein. For data analysis, we used chi-square tests Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon (p <0.05). Results: The amount of biofilm between the two groups at baseline was similar. Both methods reduce significantly biofilm after a week. A statistically significant difference was observed intra-group on the biofilm accumulation before and after application of oral hygiene instruction technique to mothers. There was no difference in the amount of biofilm between the two groups after the application of techniques. Conclusions: The methods of guidance provided to mothers owned equally effective in reducing the dental biofilm of their children.
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Percep??o de cuidadores de crian?as acerca da preven??o de acidentes dom?sticos infantis: an?lise ? luz do modelo de cren?as em sa?de / Perception of children caregivers about prevention of child domestic accidents: analysis based on the health belief model

Gurgel, Allyne Karlla Cunha 30 January 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2015-12-03T23:35:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AllyneKarllaCunhaGurgel_DISSERT.pdf: 1744632 bytes, checksum: 92aaaf13fd060e1ef325ca631eec7600 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-12-09T22:46:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AllyneKarllaCunhaGurgel_DISSERT.pdf: 1744632 bytes, checksum: 92aaaf13fd060e1ef325ca631eec7600 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-09T22:46:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AllyneKarllaCunhaGurgel_DISSERT.pdf: 1744632 bytes, checksum: 92aaaf13fd060e1ef325ca631eec7600 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-01-30 / Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar a percep??o de cuidadores domiciliares de crian?as de zero a cinco anos sobre acidentes dom?sticos infantis e sua influ?ncia na preven??o desses eventos. Estudo explorat?rio e descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado junto a 20 cuidadores atendidos na Unidade de Sa?de da Fam?lia do bairro de Cidade Nova, em Natal/Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Os participantes deveriam atender aos seguintes crit?rios de inclus?o: ter idade igual ou superior a 18 anos, ser cuidador(a) domiciliar de pelo menos uma crian?a com at? cinco anos e residir na ?rea adscrita da Unidade de Sa?de da Fam?lia do bairro de Cidade Nova. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre mar?o e abril de 2013, sendo utilizado um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado. Esta etapa foi precedida pelas anu?ncias da diretora da institui??o de sa?de onde se desenvolveu a investiga??o; da Secretaria de Sa?de do Munic?pio de Natal, bem como do Comit? de ?tica em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, sob o CAAE n? 12236013.7.0000.5537. Salienta-se que se solicitou aos entrevistados autoriza??o formal por meio do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Os dados foram tratados conforme a t?cnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo e analisados com base em tr?s dimens?es do Modelo de Cren?as em Sa?de, referente ?s percep??es de susceptibilidade aos acidentes dom?sticos infantis; de autoefic?cia para evitar acidentes dom?sticos infantis e de ind?cios para a a??o de prevenir acidentes dom?sticos na inf?ncia. Os resultados revelaram que todas as entrevistadas eram mulheres, as quais, em sua maioria, declararam-se m?es das crian?as cuidadas, com faixa et?ria predominante entre 18 e 30 anos, vivendo em uni?o consensual, com ensino m?dio completo e desempregadas. Concernente ? percep??o de susceptibilidade, desvelou-se compreens?o das depoentes sobre diversos tipos de acidentes, sendo estes considerados evit?veis. Para tanto, destacou-se ser essencial a vigil?ncia constante da crian?a, tendo-se em vista seu alto grau de curiosidade e imaturidade. Sobre a percep??o de autoefic?cia, as participantes informaram adotar medidas preventivas, entretanto, relataram a viv?ncia de quedas, queimaduras, choques el?tricos e mordedura canina. Relativo ao significado atribu?do aos acidentes vivenciados, real?aram-se os sentimentos de culpa e desespero, sobretudo diante dos casos interpretados como graves. Quanto ? ?ltima dimens?o analisada, relacionada aos ind?cios para a a??o, a televis?o sobressaiu como principal fonte de informa??es sobre acidentes dom?sticos e suas respectivas formas de preven??o, contudo, os profissionais de sa?de foram citados poucas vezes como emissores de tais saberes. Conclui-se a exist?ncia de uma ampla percep??o das mulheres sobre a preven??o de acidentes dom?sticos, por?m, distribu?da de modo desigual, fato que pode ter contribu?do para a viv?ncia desses epis?dios. A fragilidade na visualiza??o dos profissionais de sa?de, dentre eles os enfermeiros, como disseminadores dessas informa??es, sugere o refor?o os di?logos sobre o tema e o incentivo da participa??o dos cuidadores como sujeitos ativos na preven??o dos acidentes dom?sticos infantis / This study aimed to analyze the perception of home caregivers of children from zero to five years-old on child domestic accidents and their influence in preventing these events. Exploratory and descriptive study with a qualitative approach, conducted with 20 caregivers attended at the Family Health Unit of Cidade Nova in Natal/Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The participants should have age less than 18 years-old, being a caregiver of at least a five year-old child and living in the area ascribed of Family Health Unit in the neighborhood Cidade Nova. Data collection occurred between March and April 2013 and a semistructured interview script was used. This stage was preceded by the acquiescence of the director of health institution where the research was developed, the Health Department of the Municipality of Natal as well as the Ethics Committee in Research of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte under Opinion n? 219 872 and CAAE n? 12236013.7.0000.5537. It is noted that respondents were asked to formal authorization by the Term of Consent. The data were treated according to the technique of the Collective Subject Discourse and analyzed based on three dimensions of the Health Belief Model, relating to perceptions of susceptibility to infant domestic accidents, self-efficacy to prevent infant and indicia domestic accidents for action of preventing domestic accidents in childhood. The results revealed that all the respondents were women, who, in their majority, they are mothers of the children they care, and predominantly they are aged between 18 and 30 years-old, full high school education and unemployed. Concerning the perception of susceptibility, it was unveiled understanding of deponents on various types of accidents, which are considered preventable. For this purpose, it was highlighted that the constant surveillance of the children is essential, keeping in view their high degree of curiosity and immaturity. On the perceived selfefficacy, the participants reported adopting preventive measures; however, they reported experiencing falls, burns, electric shocks and dog bites. In regard to the meaning attributed to experienced accidents they highlighted their feelings of guilt and despair, particularly about the cases understood as serious. Regarding the last dimension analyzed, related to indications for action, family, friends and television were the main source of information about household accidents and their prevention methods; however, health professionals were rarely cited as issuers of such knowledge. It is concluded that there is a widespread perception of women about prevention of domestic accidents and the weakness in the view of health professionals, including nurses, as disseminators of this information. This suggests the need to strengthen the dialogue on the issue and encouraging the participation of caregivers actively in the prevention of child domestic accidents
19

Modelo de classifica??o para pequenas empresas supermercadistas quanto ao uso de t?cnicas de preven??o de perdas: um estudo de caso

Arcoverde, Carlos Frederico de Ara?jo 26 May 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:52:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarlosFAA_DISSERT.pdf: 1364780 bytes, checksum: 826435f18afa5700502ee6b3ab2fcb37 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-26 / The objective of this work is to draw attention to the importance of use of techniques of loss prevention in small retail organization, analyzing and creating a classification model related to the use of these in companies. This work identifies the fragilities and virtues of companies and classifies them relating the use of techniques of loss prevention. The used methodology is based in a revision of the available literature on measurements and techniques of loss prevention, analyzing the processes that techniques needed to be adopted to reduce losses, approaching the "pillars" of loss prevention, the cycle life of products in retail and cycles of continues improvement in business. Based on the objectives of this work and on the light of researched techniques, was defined the case study, developed from a questionnaire application and the researcher's observation on a net of 16 small supermarkets. From those studies a model of classification of companies was created. The practical implications of this work are useful to point mistakes in retail administration that can become losses, reducing the profitability of companies or even making them impracticable. The academic contribution of this study is a proposal of an unpublished model of classification for small supermarkets based on the use of techniques of loss prevention. As a result of the research, 14 companies were classified as Companies with Minimum Use of Loss Prevention Techniques - CMULPT, and 02 companies were classified as Companies with Deficient Use of Loss Prevention Techniques - CDULPT. The result of the research concludes that on average the group was classified as being Companies with Minimum Use of Techniques of Prevention of Losses EUMTPP, and that the companies should adopt a program of loss prevention focusing in the identification and quantification of losses and in a implantation of a culture of loss prevention / Este estudo trata da import?ncia do uso de t?cnicas de reven??o de perdas no pequeno varejo supermercadista, analisando e criando um modelo de classifica??o quanto ao uso destas t?cnicas nas empresas. O trabalho identifica as ragilidades e virtudes das empresas e as classifica quanto ao uso de t?cnicas de preven??o de perdas. A metodologia utilizada foi a revis?o da literatura dispon?vel sobre t?cnicas e ?ndices de preven??o de perdas, analisando os processos utilizados pelos lojistas, em rela??o a t?cnicas de precisam ser adotados para reduzir perdas. Para tanto, foram abordados os pilares da preven??o de perdas, o ciclo de vida dos produtos no varejo e ciclos de melhoria continua. Baseado nos objetivos do trabalho e a luz das t?cnicas pesquisadas definiu-se o estudo de caso, desenvolvido atrav?s da aplica??o de question?rio e observa??o do pesquisador sobre rede de 16 pequenos supermercados. A partir dos estudos realizados criou-se um modelo de classifica??o de empresas. As implica??es pr?ticas deste estudo apontam como os erros na gest?o do varejo podem se transformar em perdas, diminuindo a lucratividade das empresas ou at? mesmo inviabilizando-as. A contribui??o acad?mica deste estudo consiste na proposi??o de um modelo in?dito de classifica??o de pequenos supermercados quanto ao uso de t?cnicas de preven??o de perdas e no aprofundamento do conhecimento de processos utilizados no combate ?s perdas. Como resultado da pesquisa, foram classificadas 16 empresas quanto ao uso de t?cnicas de preven??o de perdas, sendo 14 delas classificadas como Empresas com Uso M?nimo de T?cnicas de Preven??o de Perdas EUMTPP e duas delas como Empresas com Uso Deficiente T?cnicas de Preven??o de Perdas EUDTPP. Concluiu-se que o grupo de empresas pesquisado foi classificado como sendo Empresas com Uso M?nimo de T?cnicas de Preven??o de Perdas EUMTPP e que as empresas devem adotar um programa de preven??o de perdas focando na identifica??o dos processos geradores de perdas, na quantifica??o das perdas e na implanta??o de uma cultura de preven??o de perdas
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Uma contribui??o ? reformula??o da norma regulamentadora 13 (NR-13) na perspectiva da ado??o de sistema de gest?o de seguran?a e sa?de ocupacional / A contribution for NR-13 reformulation based on occupational health and safety management system

Sousa, Edilson Rocha de 11 December 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:52:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EdilsonRS_DISSERT.pdf: 1084961 bytes, checksum: a36827966d945375759fc611528e7d2f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-11 / This Master s Thesis deals with an analysis of the Regulatory Standards NR-9 e NR-13 on the perspective of occupational health and safety management systems (OHSMS) such as ILO deployed ILO/OSH-2001. Since the revamped OHSAS 18001:2007 complies with the ILO/OSH-2001 model it is used as benchmark to compare against the NR-9 and NR-13. The analysis suggests that the NR-9 has some important features present on the OHSAS 18001:2007 but lacks important others. The NR-13 turns out to be far from a modern model of OHSMS such as OHSAS 18001:2007 and a deep reformulation should be done in order to achieve the Brazil commitment with ILO to adopt OHSMS. Also, a small survey with companies with ISO 9000 certificates suggests that a NR-13 revised toward OHSMS would be welcome, but also that some more advanced issues present in ILO/OSH-2001 should be imposed by law in order to be achieved / Esta tese realiza uma an?lise das Normas Regulamentadoras NR-9 e NR-13 na perspectiva de sistema de gest?o de seguran?a e sa?de ocupacional tal como definido pela OIT em seu modelo ILO/OSH-2001. Dado que a OHSAS 18001:2007 foi reformulada e atende ao modelo ILO/OSH-2001 e ? o modelo de gest?o difundido no mercado, a an?lise ? feita de modo comparativo a esse modelo. A an?lise mostra que a NR-9 possui elementos importantes presentes na OHSAS 18001:2007, mas faltam outros tamb?m muito importantes. Todavia, a NR-9 tem uma base para melhoria. A an?lise da NR-13 mostra que esta est? muito longe de um modelo moderno de SGSSO ou para ajustar-se a ele. Por fim, uma pesquisa com empresas que tem ISO 9000 sugere que uma reformula??o da NR-13 na dire??o da OHSAS 18001 seria bem vinda, mas que alguns elementos novos de maior exig?ncia n?o seriam rapidamente adotados sem imposi??o legal

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