Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-09-13T13:49:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 luisfelipedesouzacarbogim.pdf: 9495819 bytes, checksum: 85829886fcdfc548dcfcb1576d86d495 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-10-04T13:06:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 luisfelipedesouzacarbogim.pdf: 9495819 bytes, checksum: 85829886fcdfc548dcfcb1576d86d495 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-10-04T13:06:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 luisfelipedesouzacarbogim.pdf: 9495819 bytes, checksum: 85829886fcdfc548dcfcb1576d86d495 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-04T13:06:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 luisfelipedesouzacarbogim.pdf: 9495819 bytes, checksum: 85829886fcdfc548dcfcb1576d86d495 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-23 / Esta dissertação é um escrito que se compõe com multiplicidades que atravessam um professor de artes no seu formar-se, ou, deformar-se. É o exercício de trazer com a escrita, uma escrita de si, o processo da pesquisa, não um falar sobre a pesquisa, mas a pesquisa em si – perseguindo e sustentando a problemática como aula? Agenciando Hélio Oiticica, Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari e Friedrich Nietzsche, na busca de uma um corpo outro, uma aula outra em última análise. O conceito de proposição, tal como aparece na obra de Oiticica, é definido por ele como o declanchar de processos inventivos coletivos, deslocado aqui para a imanência das aulas, das leituras, das escritas, dos corpos... da vida. A proposição abala qualquer concepção dicotômica e disso deriva um campo problemático de encontros entre professor, arte, alunado, fruição, produção, poética, estética, política e ética. Esta problematização persegue a aula enquanto proposição: aulaproposição, mas não se trata da apresentação de uma didática para o ensino de artes, tampouco uma pedagogia da arte, está mais próxima de um abalo no campo educacional que faz tremer, especialmente, os alicerces da Arte/Educação, reverberando na questão tão cara à Arte/Educação escolar que traz como que um senso comum o objetivo do ensino de arte em formar um público crítico para as artes. Aulaproposição: processo de invenção coletivo anônimo, no qual os participantes são produtores, em busca de um ―estado de invenção‖, como coloca Hélio Oiticica. Daí, especialmente com Oiticica, um corpo interroga: como formar artistas e não formar público? Como formar público e não formar artistas? É possível, tendo em vista a proposição, um caminhar outro, o impossível? Relato alguns processos-aulas a partir do ―método‖ investigativo da cartografia, produzido por Deleuze e Guattari, no qual a pesquisa, pesquisador e pesquisado não se dão em separado. O processo de pesquisa é processo de invenção, importa ao pesquisador estar à espreita do acontecimento, atento às virtualidades que pululam no campo de pesquisa. Nesta ―perspectiva‖ o campo de pesquisa é jogo de forças, oficina de signos, e, a atenção do pesquisador-cartógrafo deve flutuar e pousar num movimento com o movimento vivo de um campo-jogo. Assim, preparo um corpo para estar atento difusamente aos processos que vivi com alunos e alunas de seis, sete, quinze e dezesseis anos, para exercitar a cartografia rente aos processos inventivos da experimentação dos propositores. Parte da pesquisa fora realizada a partir do meu arquivo pessoal produzido com um colégio da cidade de Juiz de Fora, especialmente interessado no processo poético-inventivo em aulas de artes visuais. / This dissertation is a written that is formed for multiplicities that cross an arts teacher on his auto form or auto deform. It is the exercise to bring with a written the research process, not to talk about the research, but the research itself – accompanying and supporting the problematic how class? Hélio Oiticica, Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari and Friedrich Nietzsche‘s touted consists in the search for, ultimately, another body, another class. The proposition concept, such as it appears in the Oiticica work, is defined by him as the collective inventive process initiate displaced here to the immanence of the classes, readings, writings, bodies…life. This proposition unsettles any dichotomous conception and causes meetings problematic field among teacher, art, pupils, fruition, production, poetic, aesthetics, policy and ethics. This problematization tries to understand class while proposition: classproposition. It‘s not the didactic presentation to the arts teaching, neither an art pedagogy. It‘s more closely of a seism on the educational field that especially making shake the Art/Education foundations, reverberating in the special question to the school Art/Education that brings like a common sense the objective of the art teaching to form a critical public to the arts in general. Classproposition: process of the anonymous collective invention in which the participants are producers in search of an ―invention state‖ according to Hélio Oiticica. So, especially with Oiticica, a body questions: how to form artists and public doesn‘t? How to form public and artists don‘t? Is it possible considering the proposition, another walk, the impossible one? Some class-processes are related based on the cartography investigative ―process‖ produced by Deleuze and Guattari in which the research, researcher and researched don‘t happen on the separate way. The research process is an invention process. It interest to the researcher to be lurking to the event, to be aware to the virtualities that sprout on the research field. In this ―perspective‖, the research field is forces game, signs workshop and the cartographer-researcher attention must float and land in the movement with the living movement of a game-field. Thus, a body is prepared to be diffusely aware to the processes lived together pupils with six, seven, fifteen and sixteen years old to exercise the cartography close to the inventive processes of the proponents‘ experimentation. A part of the research was done from a personal portfolio produced with a Juiz de Fora school, especially interested in the inventive poetic process in visual arts classes.

Datum:                    2018-01-15 Nivå:                        Kandidatuppsats Företagsekonomi, 15 hp Akademi:                Akademin för Ekonomi, Samhälle och Teknik, Mälardalens Högskola Författare:              Rami Abbas             Simon Issa                          Kevin Landenberg              92/03/26                                 92/02/02                                       94/08/11        Titel:                        Utdelning i fåmansbolag Nyckelord:                         Utdelning, kvalificerade aktier, slopade förslaget 2017, skattebeteende Forskningsfrågor: Vilka eventuella förändringar i beteenden har det slopade förslaget             genererat vid beslutfattande hos fåmansbolag?  Vilken påverkan har skattereformer på skattebeteende? Syfte:                       Syftet med undersökningen är att skapa förståelse över om, hur och varför fåmansbolagen har agerat utefter det slopade förslaget för förändringen på 3:12- reglerna. Utöver detta är syftet också att skapa en förståelse för vilken påverkan skattereformer har på skattebeteende. Metod:                     Regleringar kring fåmansbolagsutdelningsmöjligheter har samlats in och analyserats. Teoretisk datainsamling om reformers påverkan på skattebeteende har insamlats. Utöver detta har det genomförts intervjuer med ägare för fåmansbolag samt auktoriserade revisorer. Slutsats:        Förslaget till förändringar som slopades sommaren 2017 hade ingen nämnvärd påverkan på majoriteten av delägarna i fåmansbolagen. Detta på grund av för komplicerade regleringar. I särskilda fall, när reformer är för komplicerade kräver det för berörda parter en inlärningstid för att ta in ny kunskap och därför inte har varken tid eller kunskap att agera efter reformens krav. / Date:                        2018-01-15 Level:                       Bachelor thesis in Business Administration, 15 cr Institution:                         School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University Authors:                  Rami Abbas             Simon Issa                          Kevin Landenberg              92/03/26                                 92/02/02                                       94/08/11 Title:                        Dividend in close companies Keywords:              Dividend, qualified shares, the canceled proposition 2017, tax behavior Research Questions:               What possible changes in behavior has the cancelled proposition generated at decision making in close companies?                                  What impact do tax reforms have on tax behavior? Purpose:                  The purpose of the survey is to create an understanding about if and how close companies have acted towards the rejected proposition of change in the 3:12 rules. In addition to this, the purpose is also to create an understanding of what impact tax reforms have on tax behavior. Method:                   Regulations regarding dividend opportunities in close companies, have been collected and analyzed. Theoretical data collection on reformers' impact on tax behavior has been collected. In addition, interviews have been conducted with owners of close companies and authorized auditors. Conclusion:              The proposition of change that were rejected in the summer of 2017 had no significant impact on majority of the shareholders at close companies. This is due to complicated regulations. In specific cases, when reforms are too complicated, it requires the involved partners a learning time to acquire new knowledge and therefore do not have the time or knowledge to respond to the reform requirements.

Lean Startup lacks a method specifically designed to evaluate whether a HCI-design is fulfilling the promises delivered by the unique value proposition (UVP). At the time of writing, concurrent think aloud protocols during usability testing and interviews are used to that end. There are, however, a couple of issues bundled with the use of such methods. Using a case study conducted on two iterations of high-fidelity prototypes of a meal planning website currently in development, a method called Directed Product Reaction (DPR) is proposed. DPR is a result of the adaptation of Product Reaction Cards, and the addressing of issues uncovered during case study iterations. DPR aspires to be that specifically designed method needed for assessment of user experience in relation to UVP in Lean Startup, and while the resulting method proposed has far from achieved that goal, it serves as a foundation moving forward.

Cette thèse traite du Brazilian Proposal, c'est-à-dire de la détermination des contributions nationales au changement climatique d'origine humaine. Pour répondre à cette question, nous avons développé un modèle compact du système Terre, OSCAR v2.1. Ce modèle intègre une représentation du cycle du carbone (CO2, CH4), de la chimie atmosphérique des gaz à effet de serre (CH4, N2O, O3, composés halogénés), mais également des aérosols et de la dynamique climatique. Il est forcé en émissions anthropiques de composés actifs et en changements d'usage des sols. Après avoir constaté la bonne capacité du modèle à reproduire les observations passées des principales grandeurs climatiques, et après avoir énoncé les grands principes régissant les exercices d'attribution, nous attribuons les causes anthropiques du changement climatique. Nous trouvons que la rétroaction climatique, sur le cycle du carbone et sur la chimie atmosphérique, a un effet prépondérant qui exacerbe l'importance relative de chaque forçage anthropique. Par ordre décroissant, émissions de dioxyde de carbone fossile, de dioxyde de soufre, de méthane, et usages des sols, sont trouvés comme étant les plus importants contributeurs au changement climatique en 2008. A travers ces forçages, les pays dits en développements sont dorénavant de plus grands contributeurs au changement climatique que les pays dits développés. C'est cependant toujours l'inverse si l'on résonne en contribution par tête ; mais nous montrons qu'un tel raisonnement rend incompatibles une trajectoire de réchauffement inférieur à deux degrés et équitable. / This PhD thesis deals with the Brazilian Proposal, that is the assessment of national contributions to anthropogenic climate change. To answer the Proposal, we have developed a compact Earth system model, named OSCAR v2.1. The carbon cycle (CO2, CH4), the atmospheric chemistry of greenhouse gases (CH4, N2O, O3, halogenated compounds), as well as aerosols and climate dynamics are included in this model. It is driven by anthropogenic emissions of active compounds, and by land-use changes. After acknowledging the ability of the model to reproduce past observations of the main climatic variables, and after exposing the fundamental principles of attribution exercises, we attribute climate change to its anthropogenic causes. We find that the climate feedback -- over both the carbon cycle and the atmospheric chemistry -- has a prominent effect that exacerbates the relative importance of each anthropogenic forcing. In decreasing order, emissions of fossil carbon dioxide, of sulfur dioxide, of methane, and land-use changes, are found to be the most important contributors to climate change in 2008. Through these forcings, the so-called developing countries are now contributing more to climate change than the so-called developed countries. It is however still the contrary on a per capita basis; but we show that such an accounting approach makes it impossible to reach equity within a less-than-two-degree warming trajectory.

El posicionamiento de un producto es un factor fundamental en el éxito de un nuevo producto, por lo cual su estrategia tiene que estar basada en el conocimiento del consumidor al que se dirige. Es por ello que la presente investigación está dirigida a conocer la principal estrategia de posicionamiento en relación al conocimiento de marca de la comida Barf en Strongly attached pet owner. Se planteó la aplicación de una investigación mixta, aplicando tanto un método cuantitativo como cualitativo con alcances exploratorios y correlacionales al público objetivo identificado, los cuales se fueron segmentados en un rango 25 a 35 años de edad en los distritos del sector 7 de Lima Metropolitana. En la fase cualitativa, se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad a expertos en posicionamiento de marcas y gerentes de productos Barf, asimismo se aplicó focus group. Finalmente, por el lado cualitativo se realizó una encuesta virtual a 160 personas con interés en la alimentación de su mascota y la comida Barf. El resultado de la investigación arrojó la relación de los tipos de posicionamiento de productos con el conocimiento de marca de los productos Barf, donde se evidencia que la estrategia de posicionamiento en base al beneficio es la efectiva para poder captar el conocimiento de marca para este nuevo alimento de mascotas. / The positioning of a product is a fundamental factor in the success of a new product, which is why its strategy must be based on the knowledge of the target consumer. That is why the present investigation is aimed at knowing the main strategy of positioning in relation to the brand knowledge of the Barf food in Strongly attached pet owner. The application of a mixed investigation was proposed, applying both a quantitative and qualitative method with exploratory and correlational scopes to the identified target public, which were segmented in a range of 25 to 35 years of age in the districts of sector 7 of Metropolitan Lima. In the qualitative phase, in-depth interviews were conducted with experts in brand positioning and Barf product managers, as well as focus group. Finally, on the qualitative side, a virtual survey was carried out on 160 people interested in feeding their pet and the Barf food. The application of a mixed investigation was proposed, applying both a quantitative and qualitative method with exploratory and correlational scopes to the identified target public, which were segmented in a range of 25 to 35 years of age in the districts of sector 7 of Metropolitan Lima. In the qualitative phase, in-depth interviews were conducted with experts in brand positioning and Barf product managers, as well as focus group. Finally, on the qualitative side, a virtual survey was conducted of 160 people with an interest in feeding their pet and the Barf food. The result of the investigation showed the relationship of the types of product positioning with the brand knowledge of the Barf products, where it is evident that the strategy of positioning based on the profit is the effective one to be able to capture the brand knowledge for this new pet food. / Trabajo de investigación

The diploma thesis deals with the evaluation of factors of the selected company influencing its value offer in the current market environment. The first theoretical part describes the bases defining the relevant company factors, the process of strategic management, value offer and innovation including a description of selected analytical-research methods suitable for the analysis of the problematics. The second analytical part explores and analyzes the environment and factors of the company from which, based on the COP analysis, are selected company factors suitable for subsequent strengthening. The design part of the thesis already elaborates process for strengthening factors including concrete steps that will lead to the future development of the company.

Increased competition and lower margins on products cause many traditional manufacturing companies to resort to services to increase revenues and differentiate themselves from competitors. A challenge manufacturing companies and their sellers face within this change lie within understanding what their customers value in the contexts of service and how to convey these values into superior value propositions. This research intends to increase understanding in what the difference is in the perception of value between sellers and their customers and what the implications for these differences are. This is done by the means of a case study with a setting in the maritime industry. Empirical data was collected through eight interviews, of which four was with the case company’s sellers, three was with customers to the case company and one was with an external industrial service manager. From the interviews the following conclusions could be drawn. Firstly, the findings indicate that the sellers and the customers had similar perception of what value is, where both sides emphasized on the importance of economical and functional values. Secondly, the findings indicate that the implication of the differences on the perception of value lies in that the sellers mostly focuses on the value that the services could provide to the customers while the customers regarded the value in relation to sacrifices. An implication of this is that the sellers might believe that the customers gain more value from their services than the customers believes they do. This misperception of customer perceived value could lead to challenges in selling services and the loss of customers to competitors that offers a better trade-off between benefits and sacrifices. / Ökad konkurrens och minskade marginaler på produkter får många traditionella tillverkningsföretag att söka sig till tjänster för att på så sätt öka sina intäkter och särskilja sig ifrån sina konkurrenter. En utmaning som tillverkningsföretag möter inom denna förändring ligger i att förstå vad deras kunder värderar i tjänstesammanhang och hur de kan förmedla dessa värden i överlägset värdeförslag. Denna forskning har för avsikt att öka förståelsen för vad skillnaden är i uppfattningen av värde mellan säljpersonal och dess kunder och hur skillnaderna kan påverka genomförandet av förslag till servicevärden. Detta undersöktes i en fallstudie på ett företag inom den maritima industrin. Empiriskt data samlades in via åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer var av fyra med säljare på samarbetsföretaget, tre med kunder till samarbetsföretag och en med en utomstående industriell servicechef. Från intervjuerna kunde följande slutsatser dras. För det första indikerar resultaten att skillnaden i uppfattning av värde mellan säljarna och kunderna är likartad och att det största fokuset ligger på den funktionella och ekonomiska dimensionen. För det andra indikerar resultaten att implikationerna av skillnaderna på uppfattningen av värde ligger i att säljarna mestadels fokuserar på det värde som tjänsterna kan erbjuda kunderna medan kunderna betraktade värdet i förhållande till de uppoffringar eller kostnader som medföljer. En implikation av detta är att säljarna leds till att tro att kunderna får mer värde av tjänsterna än kunderna uppfattar att de får. Denna missuppfattning av kundupplevt värde kan leda till utmaningar när det gäller att sälja tjänster och bortfall av kunder till konkurrenter som ger bättre avvägning mellan fördelar och uppoffringar.

Uppsatsen utreder sammansatta designmässiga kvaliteter i inredning och hur dessa kan göras mer bestående i den cirkulära ekonomin. Större krav ställs på en återanvändning av produkter. Klimatförändringar kräver att vi bromsar vår konsumtion. Arbetslivet rör sig mot en mer flexibel fysisk omgivning där människan hela tiden måste göra val. Analysen är uppdelad i fyra begrepp arkitektoniskt sammanhang, kvalitetsperspektiv designteori och cirkulär ekonomi. Dessa definierar områden som i slutdiskussionen sammanställs för att besvara mina frågeställningar. Frågor som hur en inredning kan ges ett långsiktigt hållbart värde och hur det kan åskådliggöras på ett faktamässigt sätt. Och om det kan finnas negativa följder av högre krav på återbruk av inredning. Utredningen kompletteras av intervjuer med fyra branschrepresentanter för att ytterligare belysa problematiken i mina frågeställningar. Resultatet visar att avsaknaden av stödjande regelverk för inredningsarkitektur och lös inredning gör den svår att dokumentera dess kvaliteter, vilket i sin tur leder till att den inte bevaras. Undersökningen belyser även komplexiteten och omfattningen i en inredningsarkitekts arbete då den oftast har uppdragsgivare som är förstagångsbeställare. Även svårigheten att skapa sammanhang i byggprocess med gränsdragning mellan fastighetsägaren och beställaren(hyresgästen) belyses i undersökningen. Till sist visar den på ekonomiska och upphandlingsjuridiska barriärer som gör återbruk av inredning komplicerad.

One of the most fundamental aspects of a business is revenue generation. The revenue modeldescribes how revenues are collected by a firm through selling its products and services. Asrevenue generation is of great importance to a business, it is essential for companies to analyzetheir revenue model to establish whether their current model for revenue appropriation isoptimal.After conducting pre-interviews at Bisnode AB, the commissioner of this study, it becameevident that Bisnode has a need to analyze their current revenue model for its credit decisionservices in a structured manner to ensure its competitiveness and profitability. Thus, this thesiswill study revenue model analysis for firms active in the market for credit decision services.The research was conducted through a qualitative case study at Bisnode, based on semistructuredinterviews, observations and archival information. By identifying which aspects totake into consideration when analyzing a revenue model, and by grounding the findings into theexisting literature, a complete framework for revenue model analysis was developed. Theframework facilitates revenue model analysis and consists of five different dimensions: financial,customers, strategy, competition, and macro environment. Further, by linking the case studyfindings to the existing body of literature, a work process for revenue model analysis wasproposed. The outcome of this study is a framework for revenue model analysis to be used bycompanies offering credit decision services.The findings of the research have both theoretical, managerial and sustainability implications.From a theoretical standpoint, a framework for revenue model analysis that integrates strategicmanagement literature and studies on value proposition has been proposed. Furthermore, asearlier research has been mainly focused on the business model as a whole, this report studies therevenue model as an independent research topic and lays the foundation for further research inthe domain. From a managerial perspective, the outcome of the research enables managers offirms active in the credit decision services market to comprehensively analyze revenue models ina structured fashion. Finally, the revenue model analysis framework assesses a revenue model’scompetitiveness and profitability, which contributes to the economical sustainability of a firm.

Innovation är numera en central del av företagens aktiviteter för att upprätthålla konkurrenskraft och definieras som den praktiska tillämpningen av idé till en ny produkt eller tjänst. Tidigare forskning inom ämnet har främst fokuserat på produkt- och processinnovation inom tillverkning och industri. Parallellt har ett nytt intresse inom tjänsteinnovation uppkommit där antalet studier och undersökningar har ökat som ett resultat av en växande tjänstesektor och dess påverkan på ekonomin. Ett annat ämnesområde som hjälper företaget att upprätthålla konkurrenskraft och tillväxt, är identifikation och analys av kritiska framgångsfaktorer. Majoriteten av undersökningarna kring kritiska framgångsfaktorer är produktcentrerade och undersöker den industriella produktmarknaden. Trots att tjänsteinnovation har en alltmer betydande roll för den ekonomiska tillväxten finns dock förhållandevis lite forskning kring vilka kritiska framgångsfaktorer som existerar i tjänsteinnovativa företag. Bakgrunden till studien är ett tidigare samarbete med Innu-Science där man tillsammans tagit fram ett nytt tjänstebaserat städkoncept och syftet blir att föreslå rekommendationer för Innu-Science vid etablering. Baserat på tidigare litteratur användes en viss metodik ”Temporal/Intuitive factors” för att kunna identifiera olika kritiska framgångsfaktorer hos fyra tjänsteinnovativa svenska företag. Med hjälp av en induktiv kvalitativ studie har företagen undersökts och analyserats, för att kunna identifiera de kritiska framgångsfaktorerna. Faktorerna har därefter jämförts mot varandra för att undersöka eventuella mönster och samband. Resultat från studien visar att alla fyra företag har följande faktorområden gemensamt: Försäljning, Tjänstedynamik (kundanpassning och flexibilitet) samt Referenser. Slutligen har resultat, analys och slutsats legat till grund för vidare rekommendationer till Innu-Science, som utgör ett beslutsfattande stöd när verksamheten ska etableras. / Innovation is considered as a key activity within companies for achieving and maintaining a competitive advantage. Innovation can be defined as “The practical implementation of an idea into a new device or process”. Previous research in this subject has mainly focused on productandprocess innovation in manufacturing firms and ignoring the inherent opportunities that service innovation provides. Because of a changing economy towards more service-based companies, which is a central driver for economic growth, we see an increasing amount of studies regarding the opportunities that service innovation provides. Another interesting topic is critical success factors, which are essential for creating growth and success within a company. A majority of earlier studies of the subject, is mainly product-centric based and examines the industrial product market. Although service innovation shows an increasing significance for the economic growth, there is a relatively small amount of research papers examining the role of critical success factors in service innovation firms, which creates further incentives for future research. The purpose of this study emerged from a previous partnership with Innu-Science and KTH, which resulted in a new service-based and innovative cleaning concept, where the goal of the project is to help realizing the business plan into an operational service company. Furthermore, there is a need to identify and analyze the underlying reasons behind critical success factors in service innovation companies, where the result and analyses acts as basis for further recommendations to Innu-Science. Based on the theoretical framework a specific method of "Temporal/ Intuitive factors”, was used to identify the critical success factors. Four Swedish service innovation companies have been investigated and analyzed as a part of an inductive approach for a qualitative research, where the identification of different critical success factors have been made through observation and analysis. Moreover, the different identified factors were compared against each other to find potential patterns and similarities. Results from the study show that all four companies have the following factors in common; Sales, Service dynamic (customization and flexibility) and References. Finally, the results and analysis provide insight regarding important aspects for the established companies, where the recommendations will serve as support for future decisions ofthe establishment of the service at Innu-Science.