This study examines how People's Daily portrayed tourism and minorities in its news coverage. The study includes both quantitative and qualitative components. The objective of the quantitative section is to determine in what contexts tourism appears in news reporting and whether the presence of these contexts has changed since the 1999 World Horticultural Exposition in Kunming. The objective of the qualitative section was to determine how the image of minorities is constructed in some of the identified media contexts and to what extent and in what ways the news reporting can be considered to have been stereotyped. The theoretical framework is based on critical discourse theory approaches. The results of the quantitative analysis showed that tourism appears in eight different media contexts, with the economic link being by far the most common. The results of the quantitative analysis also indicate that tourism reporting increased after the 1999 World Horticultural Exposition, but a strong correlation could not be established. The results of the qualitative analysis indicate that news coverage may be influenced to some extent by minority stereotypes.

The popular photo sharing app, Instagram, was founded six years ago and is now one of the largest and fastest growing social media-apps in Sweden. A few years ago a health trend blossomed on Instagram and almost everyone wants to share and show their healthy lifestyle today. Previous studies show that a lot of people feel stressed over this constant exposure to other peoples health-related topics. But what is health? What does it mean to be healthy? Who decides that? The purpose of this thesis is to explore Instagram messages (picture and text) with hashtag (#)hälsa (health) to see which topics that dominate and the norms that govern what these messages should look like to be accepted. The study builds on social constructionism and proceeds into the world of discourse analysis with Faircloughs critical discourse analysis as main focus. It is also supplemented with Foucault's theories of power and self-control, and Goffman's theory of the presentation of self. At first a quantitative content analysis where made so the material would be easier to handle and overview. Then a critical discourse analysis where made to gain a deeper knowledge and understanding of the material. The main results of the study concluded that there is no single definition of health, the definition depends on the context. Further the analysis revealed four dominant discourses with #hälsa: food, fitness, body change and well-being, and all these discourses produced different meanings of health. The study also discovered norms that influence the content with #hälsa on Instagram and shows how users, based on these norms, shape and create there identity. Finally the study revealed that it does not really matter if users are healthy, as long as they produce an image of them self of being healthy, they will be healthy in the eyes of others. / Bildmediet Instagram har funnits i sex år och är ett av de största och snabbast växande sociala mediet i Sverige. För några år sedan började en hälsotrend att växa fram på Instagram och nu vill de flesta dela med sig av och visa upp sin hälsosamma livsstil. Tidigare studier visar att många svenskar känner sig stressade över denna ständiga exponering för andras hälsorelaterade inlägg. Men vad är hälsa? Vad innebär det egentligen att vara hälsosam? Vem bestämmer det? Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka Instagram-inlägg (bild och text) under #hälsa för att se vilka ämnen som dominerar och vilka normer som styr hur dessa inlägg ska se ut för att accepteras. Studien tar avstamp i socialkonstruktionismen och går vidare in i diskursanalysen med Faircloughs kritiska diskursanalys som huvudfokus. Den kompletteras även med Foucaults teorier om makt och självstyrning samt Goffmans teori om framställningen av jaget. Till en början genomfördes en kvantitativ innehållsanalys för att lättare kunna hantera och överblicka materialet. Därefter gjordes en kritisk diskursanalys för att få en djupare förståelse av materialet. De huvudresultat som studien kom fram till var att det inte finns någon entydig definition på hälsa utan det är sammanhanget som avgör. I analysen framkom det fyra dominerande diskurser under #hälsa: mat, träning, kroppsförändring och välmående, och inom dessa diskurser framställs hälsa på olika sätt. Studiens resultat visar även på vilka normer som präglar innehållet under #hälsa på Instagram och hur aktörerna formar och skapar sin identitet utifrån dessa. Slutligen konstateras att det spelar egentligen ingen roll om aktörerna är hälsosamma, bara de visar upp en fasad av att vara det så blir de hälsosamma i andras ögon.

The study used quantitative content analysis to compare the international news content about Africa and the rest of the world in selected daily and weekly newspapers in Malawi and explored the extent to which economic factors, as represented by the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), influence news flows about Africa into Malawi. The results showed dominance of the categories of war/international conflict and politics. International news agencies were the principal sources of news items for all the four papers. Though there were differences among the newspapers in the amount of space allocated to various categories such differences were minor. The study established that GDP is not a determinant of the amount of coverage a country receives. / Communication Science / M.A. (International Communication)

Ireland experienced an unprecedented arrival of immigrants during the years of economic prosperity. The new diversity was met with divided public opinion towards non-Irish and an increasingly selective immigration policy. The media, as a main contributor to public discourse, play an important role in the construction of migrant images and therefore have a profound impact on such developments. Employing a combination of quantitative and qualitative content analysis, this study examines whether different immigrant groups have the same chance of favourable or unfavourable portrayal in daily newspapers. Based on the most frequent roles and topics associated with Poles, Nigerians and Chinese, a selection of newspaper articles is subjected to in-depth analysis. The overarching result that there is not one image of the Irish media illustrates how difficult, if not impossible, it is to arrive at findings that can be generalised. Individual newspapers are found to pursuit varying and sometimes covert strategies in the representation of immigrants. It is further shown that immigrants who are perceived as culturally closer to Irishness have a higher chance of favourable portrayal than those who are perceived as culturally more distant. Some commonly accepted perceptions of immigrants are unmasked as myths.

This thesis examines the representation of interviewees according to apperance and time of apperance in the Swedish children’s news programme Lilla Aktuellt, 1994 and 2014 set out from an intersectional perspective. The thesis therefore examines whom of the interviewees that is over-and underrepresented in the programme, when it comes to the collaboration of the chosen categories: Sex, Age and Ethnicity. As researchers point out that a high frequency in appearance in media means domination and a conception of representing the norm in society this thesis therefore also does examine the superiority and inferiority that occures in the programme both years.   The result of this thesis show that there has been changes in the representation over time. All groups of children have been given a larger amout of space while the representation of all groups of people that don’t follow the ethnical norm, basically hasn’t changed at all. Amongst the different sexes there has been a fairly more even representation over time. The overall results show that there has been a slightly more balanced distribution over time between all of the groups appearances and time of appearances. Therefore not said that there isn’t room for improvement, on the contrary there are still things to be done for a greater representation according to multiplicity and equality in Lilla Aktuellt.   Of all the groups of interviewees in Lilla Aktuellt the people that are “male and not children who follow the ethnical norm” have decreased their visability most over time and are therefore the ones that have decreased their power most. The people that are “female children who don’t follow the ethnical norm” are the ones that have increased their visability most over time thus this means that they are the ones that have increased their power most over time.

Ce mémoire consiste en une analyse des stratégies de l’offre et de la demande de l’industrie québécoise de la production télévisuelle francophone pour la jeunesse et plus précisément, pour l’auditoire des 12-17 ans. Cette industrie tendrait à investir davantage dans l’importation que dans la production d’émissions pour cet auditoire, dû à la faible écoute de ses productions par leur auditoire cible. Afin de mieux saisir les enjeux politiques, économiques et sociaux qui entourent l’industrie de la production télévisuelle pour la jeunesse, nous proposons d’explorer et de comparer l’offre télévisuelle destinée aux 12-17 ans et leur consommation télévisuelle. Cette analyse quantitative et statistique de l’offre et de la consommation se fait en trois étapes : (i) l’analyse de la structure de réception (émissions à succès, écoute des filles et des garçons, temps passé à l’écoute), (ii) l’analyse de la structure de programmation (mode de diffusion, genres télévisuels, origine des émissions, thématiques des émissions), et (iii) l’analyse de la structure thématique (thématiques associées aux épisodes et des personnages). De ces analyses, divers constats apparaissent. Tout d’abord, les jeunes consomment ce que les télédiffuseurs diffusent à leur intention, malgré l’accès limité à cette offre. De plus, plusieurs tactiques semblent être mises en œuvre afin de rentabiliser la diffusion de ces émissions, principalement la rediffusion. Finalement, ces émissions destinées aux adolescents se distinguent de celles offertes au grand public, non seulement par le public qu’elles tentent de rejoindre, mais aussi par les thématiques qu’elles abordent et la manière dont elles les abordent. / This research is an analysis of the supply and demand for Québec's French-language television production for youth and more specifically the 12 to17 years old demographic. As a result of low audience figures, the industry has a tendency to invest heavily in imported programs rather than the production of local programs. To better understand the political, economic and social issues surrounding the industry of television production for Youth, we propose to explore and compare the television supply aimed at 12 to 17 year-old and their television consumption. The quantitative and statistical analysis of supply and consumption is achieved in three ways: (i) the analysis of the receiving structure (programs with top ratings, differences between boys and girls and time spent), (ii) the analysis of the structure of programming (schedules, genres, country/province of production, main themes of programs) and (iii) the analysis of thematic structure (themes associated with episodes and characters). From this analysis, several findings emerge: Young people view what producers broadcast for them, despite the limited access to this supply. In addition, several tactics seem to be implemented to sustain the economics of the distribution of these programs, mainly multiple screening. Finally, these programs, aimed at adolescents, are fundamentally different from those for older audiences, not only by the audience they are trying to reach, but also by the themes they address and how they approach them.

Master thesis "Discursive approach to natural science in Czech media in 2013" is focused on natural science and its presentation in Czech media in 2013. Main objectives of this master thesis are an interpretation of media picture of natural science and presentation of current communication trends which are typical for this topic. Moreover the master thesis is written for purpose to interpret the main discourse of natural science, narrative frames and structures which are used by media. Another part of the study aims to determine an existence of metanarrative of natural science, the big story of natural science. The master thesis is based on complex approach to analyzed theme - natural science. For purpose to achieve the objectives this master thesis analyses natural science from perspective of quantitative and qualitative research. First of all is made a pilot study and second of all quantitative content analysis. The topic is analyzed from perspective of discourse analysis and narrative analysis in qualitative part. Finally, there are presented some recommendations, how to improve science communication. Recommendations are proposed on a base of research results. This master thesis provides a complex research study, which enables me to interpret a media picture of natural science in Czech Republic...

The main objective of the thesis is to analyse the role of selected Czech dailies and online news servers during the assertion of negative political campaigns before Czech parliamentary elections in 2013. The research led to answering the question, how were the newspapers, in comparison to the servers, concerned with the transfer of negative contents performed by Czech political subjects during the period of election campaigning. As the source of analysed data, the thesis used dailies Mlada fronta Dnes and Pravo and online news servers Aktualne.cz and iHNed.cz. The thesis observed a share of negative evaluative remarks in the news content dealing with the topic of Czech political campaign which was concerned with the negative campaigning of Czech political parties, as well as the way in which was this topic commented by the selected media. Crucial part of the thesis is a comparison of the parliamentary elections of 2013 with the preceding elections of 2006 and 2010. The aim was to show how the elections of 2013 fit in a trend of utilisation of negative political communication in Czech setting and how has changed the media coverage of the phenomenon during the observed years. From the thesis emerges the result that the dailies covered negative political assertions much more often than the online...

This thesis titled The Media Images of Political Leaders - 2010 Elections focuses on descriptions and depictions of Czech political leaders, Vojtěch Filip, Jiří Paroubek, Petr Nečas, Radek John and Karel Schwarzenberg in printed press. The thesis contains an introduction of the leaders and the parties which they led during the 2010 parliamentary elections. The thesis shows the differing images of the leaders in various media. It contains a quantitative content analysis of MF Dnes, Lidové noviny, Hospodářské noviny, Právo and Blesk daily newspapers in the pre-election period between 1 April and 27 May 2010, examining the frequency of informing about the leaders, differences in their presentation and attention given to each of them. The content and tone of individual articles has been examined as well. The thesis also analyses the ratios between informing about the individual leaders and other topics in each newspaper. The theoretical concept of the thesis is media communication in relation to politics. Political communication is examined from the view of the theory of political parallelism and the influence of media on politics.

The aim of this Diploma thesis is to create a media image of dancing issues in the selected Czech media in 2011. The research is focused on the selected Czech national dailies and weeklies and public broadcast media. The introductory chapter deals with the dance types which were identified in the content analysis and the development of dance in the country. The space is also dedicated to the Czech dance education, theater facilities, selected dance groups and the summary of existing studies of the dance phenomenon in the field of media studies. The second chapter is devoted to the methodology, the process and outcomes of the research part of the thesis. The quantitative content analysis was determined to be the method of the research part of this Diploma thesis. The third chapter is based on the results of a quantitative content analysis. The chapter is focused on the current dance reviewers, whose texts were identified in the research part of the thesis. Another part of the chapter is dedicated to the publishing of dance topics in the national media and the individual communication with selected personalities of Czech dance critics identified in the results of quantitative content analysis. The final text of the chapter focuses on comparing the identified outputs in the national and professional...