Kvinnojourer i Sverige utför varje dag ett viktigt arbete med att hjälpa våldsutsatta kvinnor. Denna studie syftade till att undersöka de som arbetar på kvinnojourers erfarenheter kring våldsutsatta kvinnors uppbrottsprocesser och om dessa erfarenheter har ändrat deras arbetssätt med att hjälpa andra våldsutsatta kvinnor. Två frågeställningar användes för att besvara syftet där den första berörde kvinnors uppbrottsprocesser och den andra jourernas arbete. Utförandet av studien underbyggs av att det råder en kunskapslucka kring just detta område. I studien genomfördes semistrukturerade intervjuer med nio anställda på olika kvinnojourer i Sverige. En tematisk analys gjordes för att analysera den insamlade datan, för att sedan identifiera kodord som bildades till teman. Åtta teman bildades; omgivning, stöd, kunskap, yttre faktorer, kvinnan, kunskap, support och individuella faktorer. Resultatet visade att enligt kvinnojourerna är det individuellt varför en kvinna lämnar en våldsam relation men de främsta orsakerna är när barn eller omgivning drabbas, att våldet eskalerar eller att kvinnan helt enkelt fått nog. De ansåg även att erfarenheter och kunskap kring kvinnors uppbrottsprocesser har en inverkan på hur de arbetar med andra utsatta kvinnor. / Women's shelters in Sweden perform every day an important job of helping abused women. This study aims to examine those who work at women's shelters and their experiences on abused women's leaving processes. Also if these experiences has changed their way of working with helping other abused women. Two questions were used to achieve the purpose. The first question is about women’s leaving processes and the second is about the shelters work. The execution of the study is supported by the fact that there is a knowledge gap in this area. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine employees at various women's shelters in sweden. A thematic analysis was used to analyze the collected data, and then to identify codewords formed into themes. Eight themes were found; environment, support, knowledge, external factors, the woman, knowledge, support and individual factors. The results showed that according to the women's shelters, it's individual why a woman leaves a violent relationship but the main reasons are when children or the environment is affected, that the violence escalates or that the woman has had enough. They also felt that experiences and knowledge about women's leaving processes have an impact on their work with other abused women.

Mäns våld mot kvinnor i nära relation är ett stort samhällsproblem. Ett resultat av den fortskridande coronapandemin, och dess restriktioner som innebär individuella rörelsebegränsningar, är att kriminologer befarar en ökning av våld i nära relation i Sverige. Föreliggande studie syftar till att undersöka huruvida pandemin har resulterat i en förändring av antalet kvinnor som söker hjälp hos svenska kvinnojourer under våren 2020 och möjliga förklaringar till detta fenomen. Därigenom undersökning utforskades och konceptualiserades våld i nära relation i förhållande till coronakrisen. I förfarandet av studien användes en mixad design för att få en djupare och vidare förståelse för ämnet. Med en kvantitativ enkät kartlades nationellt huruvida 93 kvinnojourer runt om i Sverige uppfattar en eventuell förändring. Genom sex kvalitativa intervjuer återgav representanter för svenska kvinnojourer sina upplevelser. Resultatet visar på varierande uppfattningar om det har skett en förändring på belastningen sedan coronautbrottet i Sverige. Däremot delar alla informanter uppfattningen om att det faktiska relationsvåldet har ökat under krisen. Informanternas förklaringar till denna utveckling grundas i ett strukturellt perspektiv, men kopplas även till individuella faktorer som kan förstärkas under krisen och öka risken för våld i nära relation. / Intimate partner violence is a major issue in our society. As a result of the emerging Corona Virus Pandemic, and the restrictions this has placed upon individual mobility, criminologists have come to fear that the pandemic has caused an increase in violence against women in the Swedish society. The following study seeks to investigate whether the pandemic has led to changing numbers of women entering women’s shelters in the spring of 2020 and possible explanations of this phenomena. In doing so, the main objective is to evaluate and conceptualise intimate partner violence in relation to the crisis. In order to fully grasp both the width and depth of this issue, the preferable method of choice was a mixed design. To quantify the national perception, 93 respondents from different women’s shelters were surveyed. In addition, six qualitative interviews with various women’s shelters representatives were conducted. The result shows varying understandings whether the numbers of women seeking help has changed since the outbreak of the Corona Virus in Sweden. However, all of the informants share a strong belief that intimate partner violence has increased during the pandemic. The informants’ explanations for this development derives from a structural theoretical standpoint, while also pointing to individual factors that may be enhanced during the crisis and increase the risk of intimate partner violence.

The aim of this study is to examine the possibility of identifying any forms of emotional management strategies in social workers who work with battered women. The study focuses on social workers who work within municipal activities and non-profit women's shelters to identify any differences between the different organizations. The study implemented a qualitative method and we used semi-structured interviews to collect data. Eight social workers participated and were interviewed for the study. The result shows that the work with battered women can be perceived as emotionally stressful. As a result, it is possible to identify emotional management strategies in the emotional labour of the social worker. The respondents agree that collegial support as well as a good working environment are important strategies to deal with the emotions that arise at work. The result also shows strategies such as taking a role in meetings with battered women. The role is partly based on expectations, and partly functions as a protection for the social workers' own feelings. The strategies identified are relatively similar between the organizations. It is thus difficult to draw any conclusions about differences in the emotional management strategies based on the associated organizations.

This study explored the process of negotiating music therapy in a community based setting known as The Potter’s House. The Potter’s House was established fourteen years ago as the first non-racial shelter for battered and destitute women and their children in the city of Pretoria. Furthermore, the study considers Community Music Therapy as a possible frame for music therapy practice in South Africa. The study was conducted according to a qualitative research paradigm. Three data collection sources were used to gather information about the way in which music therapy was negotiated at The Potter’s House. Data collection was in the form of interviews (conducted with the manager of The Potter’s House and the music therapy participants) as well as clinical session notes. The aim of the interviews was to explore members’ experiences and views of the music therapy process. The clinical session notes include significant information that relates to my own reflections and experiences of the music therapy process. This study seems to highlight certain factors that appear prominent in the process of negotiating music therapy in this specific shelter for battered women and their children. These factors and how they were negotiated seem to emphasize the value of a Community Music Therapy framework in the shelter context. The study further suggests that Community Music Therapy could be utilized more broadly in the South African context. / Mini Dissertation (MMus)--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Music / MMus / Unrestricted

Mäns våld mot kvinnor är idag ett omfattande samhällsproblem som nu börjar uppmärksammas mer inom media så väl som politik. Kvinnors utsatthet för våld är inte längre en privat sak utan ansvaret vilar på samhällets axlar. Svenska kvinnojourer är idag den enda möjligheten för skydd och organisationerna har lång erfarenhet med både stöd- och förebyggande arbete inom området våld i nära relation. Den rådande covid-19 pandemin har nu tagit sin plats på världskartan och har försvårat mycket av det viktiga arbete jourerna gör för utsatta kvinnor. Denna studie syftar på att undersöka upplevelser och erfarenheter personalen på svenska kvinnojourer har, av covid-19 pandemins påverkan på de våldsamma relationerna, samt deras möjlighet att erbjuda det livsviktiga stödet. Att försöka att skapa en bild av pandemins konsekvenser för kvinnorna som utsatts för detta våldsamma samhällsproblem var därtill också en huvudpoäng med studien. Den ökade isoleringen och den ökade frustrationen över situationen syns i studiens resultat att vara de största riskfaktorerna för intensifiering och ökningen av mäns kontrollerande och våldsamma beteende mot kvinnor. Därutöver har den sociala distanseringen försvårat kvinnojourernas arbete och därmed kontakten till de utsatta kvinnorna. Det förebyggande arbetet har mer eller mindre ställts in. Efterverkningarna av denna nya verklighet är fortfarande okänd men förväntas inte vara utan betydelse. / Men's violence against women is today a widespread societal problem, which is now beginning to receive more attention in the media as well as in politics. Women's exposure to violence is no longer a private matter, the responsibility now rests on the shoulders of the society. Swedish women shelters are today the only opportunity for protection, and the organizations have extensive experience and knowledge of both support and preventional work in the area of ​​intimate partner violence. The current covid-19 pandemic has now taken its place on the world map, and has made much of the important work the women shelters do for victimized women more difficult. This study aims to examine the experiences and perceptions of Swedish women shelters, on the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on violent relationships and their ability to offer vital support. The purpose of creating an image of the pandemic's consequences for the women who were exposed to this violent societal problem was also a main point of the study. The increased isolation, and the intensified frustration over the situation is shown in the study results as being the biggest risk factors for intensifying and increasing men's controlling and violent behavior towards women. In addition the social distancing has made the work of the women shelters and thus the contact with the victimized women more difficult. The preventive work has more or less been seized. The aftermath of this new reality is still unknown, but is not expected to be without significance.

The Master's Thesis examines the problematics of a loss of home percieved as crisis by women - clients of shelters. In its theoretical part mainly the findings of professional expertise and materials about homelessness and psychological crisis of loss were used to describe the phenomenon. It also contains a description of various forms of public services available to women who lost their homes as well as a brief introduction to women's shelters in Prague. Research itself was conducted using semi structured interviews with clients of three of Prague's shelters that offer accommodation services to three different target groups of women and forms the practical part of the thesis. The main aim of the research was to answer a question whether or not the clients of the shelters percieved the loss of their homes as crisis. Through several of the questions within the interview it was possible to achieve satisfactory results in providing the answers as well as in gaining some new perspectives on the above mentioned phenomenon as a whole. The research showed that the women who took part in the survey did indeed perceive the period of time when they lost their homes as crisis.

This dissertation traces the emergence of the air raid shelter as the paradigmatic architecture of air defense under the Nationalist Party government in China during the War of Resistance against Japan (1937–1945). More broadly, it explores how air defense in general became an integral part of the Nationalists’ “war of resistance and reconstruction” (kangzhan jianguo), a fascist project derived from total war, the globally circulating military-political idea holding that modern warfare would enlist entire nations and their economies in war while also subjecting them to comprehensive enemy violence. The Nationalists joined the world in confronting aerial bombing after the Empire of Japan bombed Shanghai in 1932. In response, the government and its military constructed air defense, a political and technological complex combining mass mobilization, through air raid drills and air defense organizations, with material technologies, like searchlights, anti-aircraft guns, and bomb shelters. The Nationalists found in air defense more than a military technology. To them, it also offered a set of tools and resources for fortifying their flailing attempts to unite China in a common national project, and even recasting the substance of that project. Air defense could forge a new society that invested all Chinese people in war as a necessary precondition for overcoming China’s colonial subjection. Where democratic institutions collapsed and appeals to common heritage and customs failed, the Nationalists used air defense to turn survival (shengcun) into the bedrock value of the national community. Meanwhile, a group of young architects associated with the journal Xin jianzhu in Canton identified air defense as an organizing problem for the nascent professional field of architecture. Rather than the stale historicism endorsed in Nanjing, and against China’s craft building traditions, the group championed modernist architecture, especially the International Style, whose principles of simplicity, functionalism, and rationality they saw as necessary for building modern, industrial, and hygienic Chinese cities capable of enhancing human life. Moreover, they argued that the technological instrumentality informing modernism made it the only style capable of preserving Chinese cities and people from modern threats like bombing. After the fall of Canton in 1938, members of the group took their mission to Chongqing, where they joined the Nationalist government in building air defenses in the wartime capital. In particular, this dissertation argues that the air raid shelter and air defense focused contradictions in the Nationalists’ fascist project for uniting and revolutionizing China as it traveled to Chongqing following the Nationalist escape from Japan’s invasion of the coast. Over the course of the war, the principal technology of air defense shifted away from mass mobilization, as the Nationalists came to administer refugees and displaced people they had never governed before, and became located in infrastructure like city plans and air raid shelters. Air defense served to exclude surplus populations like women and the elderly, rendered redundant according to the state’s wartime needs for industrial production and conscripts, by dispersing them in satellite settlements outside the city, from which they constantly returned in search of work or material goods. Shoddy air raid shelters, in the meantime, revealed the fragile biology of real bodies beneath the fascist fantasy of the heroic political subject, as shelters failed to provide for basic needs like respiration. Over time, these two problems collided, as the state closed shelters in the city to dispersed people, exposing surplus populations to bombing, while civilians also languished in shelters that could still kill them. The goal of building national unity through survival collapsed into a confusion of inclusion and exclusion, life and death, with disastrous results, like the asphyxiation of around one thousand people in Chongqing’s largest public air raid shelter in June 1941. In these circumstances, professionals like the Cantonese architects and new state regulatory bodies produced proposals and standards for building better shelters, attempting a technical resolution of air defense’s political contradictions and consolidating the transformation of air defense into a primarily technological discipline.

Bare-root, container, and root production method (RPM™) seedlings of two oak species (Nuttall (Quercus texana Buckley), cherrybark (Q. pagoda Ell.)) were planted on lands damaged by Hurricane Katrina in southern Mississippi to compare the height growth, groundline diameter growth and survival of the different planting stocks. Tree shelters were applied to half of the bare-root seedlings to determine their effect on the height and groundline diameter growth and survival of the seedlings. RPM seedlings exhibited significantly greater height and groundline diameter growth than bare-root or container seedlings after one growing season. Bare-root seedlings exhibited significantly greater height and groundline diameter growth than container seedlings. Tree shelters significantly increased height growth of bare-root seedlings; however, sheltered bare-root seedlings exhibited significantly less groundline diameter growth than non-sheltered seedlings. Cherrybark oak exhibited greater height growth than Nuttall oak, while Nuttall oak exhibited greater groundline diameter growth than cherrybark across all planting stocks.

Shelters have been a significant part of the Swedish civil defense for a long time. In times of war in Europe, questions have been raised regarding the 64,000 shelters in Sweden and the civil population’s access to them. This study aims to investigate civilians’ access to the Swedish shelters, as well as where demand is high and low and where new shelters might be needed. The study has been conducted through Location-allocation analyses in GIS. Findings show that the accessibility to shelters varies throughout the country and that shelters are most accessible in urban areas. The average time taken to walk to the closest shelter in Stockholm Municipality is approximately 2 minutes. Findings also show that there are many new urban areas in Stockholm County where there are no shelters, and that there are densification areas where new shelters could be of use and meet demand as well.

No description available.