Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / O tema que nos propomos a estudar é Choque de Capital: criminalização da pobreza e (re)significação da questão social no Rio de Janeiro. A delimitação espaço temporal de nosso estudo situa-se na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, de 2009 a 2012. O período selecionado corresponde a primeira gestão do prefeito Eduardo Paes (PMDB) e os primeiros anos de execução das denominadas ações de Choque de Ordem. A proposta apresentada tem como pressuposto a centralidade do estudo da metrópole e a relação entre especulação imobiliária e capital financeiro, como um dos motivadores da criminalização da pobreza na contemporaneidade, cujo principal objetivo é tornar os espaços "ordenados" fonte de lucro, não importando as consequências impostas às classes subalternas. Considerando que este paradigma evidencia um processo de criminalização das classes subalternas e a necessidade compreendermos o modo específico de enfrentamento à pobreza por parte da prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro considerando suas implicações para o Serviço Social, optamos pelo seguinte caminho de estudo traduzido na forma dos capítulos assim identificados: I-Barbárie e passivização: aportes para compreensão da banalização da violência no Brasil, II- Das bases de tradição autoritária ao Esplendor do Estado de Polícia e III- Reordenamento urbano, mídia e consenso no Rio de Janeiro: Choque de Ordem para quem?. Acreditamos que o estudo aprofundado desses temas propiciarão um entendimento acerca da realidade, base insuprimível para sua transformação. / The theme that we propose to study is "Clash of Capital": the criminalization of poverty and (re) signification of the "social question" in Rio de Janeiro. The delimitation timeline of our project is located in the city of Rio de Janeiro, from 2009 to 2012.O selected period corresponds to the first administration of Mayor Eduardo Paes (PMDB) and the first years of implementation of the actions of "Clash of Order" . The proposal presupposes the centrality of the study of the metropolis and the relationship between land speculation and financial capital, as one of the motivators of the criminalization of poverty in contemporary, whose main goal is to make the spaces "ordered" source of income, no matter the consequences imposed on subaltern classes. Whereas this axiom reflects a process of criminalization of the lower classes, and the need to understand specific way to fight poverty by the city of Rio de Janeiro considering its implications for social work, we chose the following path of study translated in the form of chapters thus identified.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O assistente social como um trabalhador assalariado, convive com os dilemas da classe trabalhadora em seu cotidiano profissional, dilemas que se traduzem nas tensões entre a condição de cidadão trabalhador, a mediação do mercado de trabalho e o efetivo exercício da profissão. Tais questões expressam a busca pela apreensão do Serviço Social em seu efetivo exercício e em suas determinações concretas. Constituem-se também ponto de partida do presente trabalho que se caracteriza pela elaboração de uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório do trabalho do assistente social. Tal propósito investigativo tem como objetivo central caracterizar e analisar o fazer profissional do Serviço Social em sua processualidade, tomando como espaço amostral o Município de Tanguá, uma pequena municipalidade situada ao Leste da Baía da Guanabara no interior do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Ao partir da perspectiva de aliar a empiria ao exercício de abstração, utilizando entrevistas estruturadas e semi-estruturadas para compor sua base de dados, essa pesquisa traduz um esforço de apreender o trabalho dos assistentes sociais enquanto trabalho concreto e socialmente útil e como trabalho abstrato gerador de valor, que se constitui uma expressão do trabalho social. A pesquisa revelou que nesse pequeno município, o Estado tem a prevalência na contratação da força de trabalho dos assistentes sociais, porém, tanto no setor público quanto no privado há tendências à precarização das relações de trabalho. A tensão entre relativa autonomia e possibilidades de realização do trabalho está presente na experiência profissional que, além de viabilizar recursos de acordo com as condições dadas por seu empregador, também convive com a cultura política local marcada pela ideologia do favor e pela interferência do poder institucional em seu trabalho. A atualidade do município revela os impactos decorrentes do processo de implantação do Complexo Petroquímico do Rio de Janeiro (Comperj), um projeto que vêm aquecendo um acelerado processo migratório de trabalhadores na região. Os efeitos desse processo repercutem no cotidiano de trabalho do assistente social, complexificando suas demandas e requisições institucionais, tendo em vista a (re)produção ampliada das expressões da questão social nessa realidade. / The social worker as a salaried worker deals with the working class dilemmas in their daily professional dilemmas which result in tensions between the condition of citizen workers, the labor market mediation and the effective exercise of the profession. These questions express the search for the seizure of Social Work in its effective exercise and its concrete determinations. Also constitute the starting point of this work, which is characterized by the development of an exploratory research study of the social worker. Such investigative purpose is mainly aimed to characterize and analyze the professional social work in their processivity, taking as sample space the City of Tanguá, a small municipality located east of the Guanabara Bay in the State of Rio de Janeiro. Starting from the perspective of joining the empirical exercise of abstraction, using structured and semi-structured interviews to create your database, this research represents an effort to apprehend the work of social work as socially useful and concrete, and as a value generator abstract work, which constitutes an expression of social work. The research revealed that at this small city, the state has prevalence in the hiring of the workforce of social workers; however, both the public and the private sector tend to the precariousness of labor relations. The tension between autonomy and opportunities on completion of work is present on that experience, which as well as providing resources in accordance with the conditions given by his employer, also lives with the local political culture marked by the ideology of favoritism and interference by the institutional power in their work. The actuality of the city reveals the impacts of the implementation process of the Petrochemical Complex of Rio de Janeiro (Comperj), a project that has been warming an accelerated process of migration of workers in the region. The effects of this process have repercussions in the everyday work of social workers, problematizing its institutional demands and requests in order to largely (re)produce the social issue expressions of that reality.

Este estudo volta-se para a análise da política de assistência social, sua histórica relação com a pobreza e algumas tendências do debate contemporâneo sobre seus paradigmas, do direito social de cidadania e do usuário. O exame atual da política de assistência social no Brasil, em um contexto legal de afirmação dos direitos sociais, impôs a necessidade de refletir sobre o lugar dos direitos de cidadania, colocando, no centro dessa reflexão, a relação entre a prioridade dada ao enfrentamento da pobreza e a perspectiva da garantia de direitos sociais de cidadania. A perspectiva de estudo é proposta com vistas à compreensão do lugar ocupado pelos usuários enquanto sujeitos de direitos. Para a aproximação desta compreensão, buscamos alguns suportes teóricos nas categorias direitos, cidadania e superpopulação relativa com o objetivo de pensá-las, na sua conformação contemporânea, a partir do perfil socioeconômico dos usuários. Optou-se pelos beneficiários do programa de transferência de renda Bolsa Família em três localidades do município de Campos dos Goytacazes/RJ, uma vez que este programa absorve mais de 50% das famílias cadastradas no CadÚnico, ou seja, são 28.985 mil famílias que recebem o benefício, totalizando mais de 100 mil pessoas em um universo de 463.731 mil habitantes A pesquisa qualitativa realizada com 30 mulheres-mães, titulares no programa, revelou suas expectativas, experiências e posições políticas ante o campo assistencial. Os registros históricos que trouxeram sobre as gerações que as antecederam confirmam a trajetória de reprodução da pobreza e de desigualdades diversas a que estiveram submetidas até os dias atuais. Conclui-se que a percepção que apresentam sobre a história de seus antepassados, de si mesmos e dos aparatos institucionais do Estado, reitera o potencial de suas lutas diárias pela sobrevivência, de negação do instituído, confirmado pela construção de formas próprias de relacionamento com as instituições de políticas sociais, públicas e privadas. Ainda que em perspectiva individual, suas práticas e lutas diárias, que chamam de correr atrás, expressam expectativas pela efetivação e ampliação de direitos. A finalização da tese aponta pela reafirmação da dimensão histórica dessas práticas e lutas que desenvolvem em prol dos direitos e da cidadania, os limites da perspectiva individual assim como a necessidade do aprofundamento da natureza política e pontual da política de Assistência Social como enfrentamento da pobreza. / This research relates to the analysis of the social assistance policy, its historical relation with poverty and some tendencies of the contemporary debate about its paradigms, of the social right of citizenship and of the user. The current examination of the assistance policy in Brazil, in a legal context of social rights affirmation, imposed the necessity of reflecting about the place of the citizenship rights, placing, in the center of this reflection, the rate between the priority given to poverty coping and the perspective of the social citizenship rights guarantee. The study perspective is proposed with a view to understanding the role played by users as subjects of rights.The prospect of this approach to the understanding, seek some theoretical supports in Categories rights, citizenship and relative surplus population in order to arrange them, in their contemporary conformation, from the socioeconomic profile of the users. We chose the beneficiaries of the cash transfer program Bolsa Familia in three localities in Campos dos Goytacazes / RJ, since this program takes up more than 50% of families enrolled in CadÚnico,ie, 28.985 million families are receiving the benefit, totaling more than 100,000 people in a population of 463,731,000 inhabitants. The qualitative research with 30 women-mothers, holders in the program, revealed their expectations, experiences and political positions before the healthcare field. Historical records that brought about the generations that preceded them confirm the reproduction trajectory of poverty and inequality that many were subjected to the present day. We conclude that the perception that feature on the history of his ancestors, of themselves and of the institutional apparatus of the state, reiterates the potential of their daily struggles for survival, of the established denial, confirmed by the construction of forms of relationship with social institutions of public and private policies. Even in individual perspective, their practices and daily struggles, which they call "running after", express expectations for the realization and expansion of rights. The completion of the thesis points out the reaffirmation of the historical dimension of these practices and struggles that develop on the rights and citizenship, the limits of individual perspective and the necessity of deepening political and punctual nature of social assistance policy and the fight against poverty.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:24:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1225801 bytes, checksum: c8d5509d2008f7e15d19afedac12ee0b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The paper develops the argument between "social question", poverty and income transfer, with the objective of evaluating the impact of the Bolsa Familia program on the absolute and relative pauperism in Brazil. Specifically, the objectives revolve around the historical and theoretical discussion of pauperism in the capitalist mode of production; analysis of the relationship between work and "social question" in the reproduction of labor power in Brazil from the aspects of their social-economic formation; and finally, understanding the relationship between poverty and Bolsa Familia in order to identify the impacts of the program on the absolute and relative pauperism. The hypothesis is that, by the profile of beneficiaries, absolute poverty has been impacted, what is not true about the processes of relative impoverishment, which continue to reproduce. However, although this impact is perceived levels of absolute impoverishment of the configurations assumed by the contemporary work, the objective conditions of dependency in which the peripheral countries are entered, or even the contemporary crisis are factors in allow us to say that you can not stop the reproduction of poverty in the country. Perhaps, contrary to what is preached, this program presents itself as an attempt to impact the objective tendency of capital return to absolute impoverishment in contemporary times. In this sense, the issue of research involves the discussion of absolute and relative pauperism in contemporary capitalism turning to face the question of poverty in Brazil and from the Lula government. Given the problematic set, some questions arise: What are the impacts of the Bolsa Família Program on the true poverty alleviation, in its absolute and relative face? There are real possibilities to impact this reality, or poverty would have been strengthened by measures taken on absolute poverty and relative poverty in unnoticed? Put another way: Was the Bolsa Família encouraging the breeding cycle of poverty in Brazil? These are some of the issues that underlie this research. To carry out the research with a qualitative study, through the use of bibliographic and documentary research, using secondary data available in electronic media was performed. Considering the social function of bound reproduction of the labor force in the country program, one can say that the Bolsa Família Program was established as a minimalist action in the face of poverty and social inequality maximized, functioning as a palliative. Obviously, capital operates an attempt to obscure the contradictory reality that is called, justifying the poor by the poor themselves, and never correlated with the amount of wealth produced. The trajectory described by the development of the capitalist mode of production reached its most recent phase combining high levels of exploitation of labor by maximizing the sequels of "social issue," including poverty. No doubt this is a move that leads to the deepening of private appropriation of socially produced wealth, and the consequences fall directly on the working class. / A dissertação desenvolve a discussão entre questão social , pobreza e transferência de renda, com o objetivo de avaliar os impactos do programa Bolsa Família sobre o pauperismo absoluto e relativo no Brasil. Especificamente, os objetivos giram em torno do debate histórico e teórico do pauperismo no modo de produção capitalista; a análise da relação entre trabalho e questão social na reprodução da força de trabalho no Brasil a partir dos aspectos da sua formação econômico social; e, por último, a compreensão da relação entre a pobreza e o Bolsa Família com vistas a identificar os impactos do programa sobre o pauperismo absoluto e relativo. A hipótese sustentada é de que, pelo perfil dos beneficiários, a pobreza absoluta tem sido impactada, o que não é verdade sobre os processos de empobrecimento relativo, que continuam a se reproduzir. No entanto, ainda que este impacto seja percebido, os níveis de um empobrecimento absoluto pelas configurações assumidas pelo trabalho na contemporaneidade, as condições objetivas de dependência na qual os países periféricos estão inseridos, ou até mesmo a situação contemporânea de crise, são fatores que nos permitem afirmar que não é possível deter a reprodução de pobreza no país. Talvez, ao contrário do que seja apregoado, este programa se apresente como uma tentativa de impactar a tendência objetiva do capital de retorno a pauperização absoluta na contemporaneidade. Nesse sentido, a problemática da pesquisa envolve a discussão sobre o pauperismo absoluto e relativo no capitalismo contemporâneo voltando-se para a questão do enfrentamento a pobreza no Brasil e partir do governo Lula. Tendo em vista a problemática posta, algumas questões surgem: Quais são os impactos do Programa Bolsa Família sobre a verdadeira diminuição da pobreza, na sua face absoluta e relativa? Há reais possibilidades de impactar esta realidade, ou a pobreza teria sido reforçada pelas medidas tomadas sobre a pobreza absoluta e não percebidas na pobreza relativa? Dito de outra forma: Estaria o Bolsa Família fomentando o ciclo de reprodução da pobreza no Brasil? Essas são algumas das questões que perpassam esta pesquisa. Para a realização da investigação foi feita uma pesquisa do tipo qualitativa, através da verificação bibliográfica e documental, com a utilização de dados secundários disponíveis em meio eletrônico. Considerando a função social do programa ligada a reprodução da força de trabalho no país, pode-se dizer que o Programa Bolsa Família constitui-se como uma ação minimalista em face da pobreza e da desigualdade social maximizadas, funcionando como um paliativo. Obviamente, o capital opera a tentativa de obscurecer a realidade contraditória que está posta, justificando os pobres pelos próprios pobres, e nunca os correlacionando com o montante de riqueza produzido. A trajetória descrita pelo desenvolvimento do modo de produção capitalista chegou a sua fase mais recente combinando altos níveis de exploração do trabalho com a maximização das seqüelas da questão social , inclusive a pobreza. Sem dúvida, este é um movimento que conduz ao aprofundamento da apropriação privada da riqueza socialmente produzida, e as conseqüências disso recaem diretamente sobre a classe trabalhadora.

Undervisningen i samhällskunskap på gymnasieskolan ska enligt anvisningarna i ämnesplanen bedrivas ”med utgångspunkt i samhällsfrågor”. Vad innebär det? I denna licentiatuppsats diskuteras ämnet samhällskunskap och dess potential, analyserat utifrån samhällsfrågor som didaktiskt begrepp. Studien är en sammanläggning av tre artiklar som bygger på tre studier. I den första studien analyseras begreppet samhällsfrågor i styrdokument över tid. Den andra studien bygger på en enkät som 74 gymnasielärare i samhällskunskap besvarat. Den tredje studien är slutligen en intervjustudie med sju av de lärare som medverkat i enkätstudien. Studiens design medger en successiv förflyttning av fokus från struktur till aktör. När analysen riktas mot samhällsfrågor som didaktiskt begrepp framträder samhällskunskapsämnet som ett ämne som är öppet för det oväntade och som låter såväl aktuella händelser som elevers genuina frågor forma ämnet. I uppsatsen diskuteras argument för att undervisning som sker med utgångspunkt i samhällsfrågor kan motverka ett instrumentellt förhållningssätt till ämnet. Göran Morén är verksam som lärarutbildare vid Högskolan Dalarna. Han har tidigare erfarenhet som samhällskunskapslärare i gymnasieskola. Sedan 2013 har han ingått i forskarskolan Skolnära, ett samarbete mellan Karlstads universitet och Högskolan Dalarna. / This licentiate thesis examines and discusses the potential of the subject social studies by way of an analysis of the concept social issues. It comprises three articles which are based on three separate studies. The first was a discourse analysis on the concept of social issues in steering documents for social studies in upper secondary school from the 1960’s until the current curriculum. The second was a questionnaire in which 74 social studies teachers answered questions regarding their understanding and teaching of social studies, specifically in relation to the concept of social issues. The third study was based on interviews with seven teachers who had completed the questionnaire. The study allows for a shift in focus between structure and agency. Whereas the structure dominates the analysis in the first article the teachers, with agency, gradually move into the foreground in the other articles. With a social-constructionist perspective, phenomena like a school subject and teaching practice are seen as formed by both structure, such as discourse, and agents, in this case professional teachers. The text analysis shows that social issues as a didactical concept is shifting in its meaning and didactical function for the subject depending on the discourse. It is argued that social issues, in the current steering documents, are downplayed in relation to concepts like “core content” and “knowledge requirements”. The questionnaire that followed showed that teachers had an understanding of social issues that challenged the logic of the previous discourse analysis. They seemed to find it possible to combine “teaching with social issues as the point of departure” with the predefined content and knowledge requirements of the subject syllabus. Based on the results of the final interview study the third article argues that the subject social studies, when seen through the lens of social issues, is one that is open, strives beyond the limitations of  core content and calls for  authentic, sometimes controversial content. The conclusion of the licentiate thesis is that the concept of social issues carries the potential to create a subject that is meaningful for students and that challenges the risk of school becoming instrumental.

This paper studies how changing political, economic, and social conditions in and related to Sweden affected its secondary education policy and the role that social science didactics plays. By analyzing Swedish secondary school curricula, the related social science syllabus, education act, and corresponding organizational documents, the causes for, and context of education reform become clear. The school’s purpose is to impart general abilities and knowledge that all persons will require to function in society and maintain democracy, equality, and international solidarity. Additionally, the school is found to conform to the same template, values, and norms as the economic and political aspects of globalization and modern democratic society. The school subject that wholely addresses general knowledge, civil abilities, and democratic values is found to be social science. Engaging social issues as a didactical tool, social science teaching imparts in students democratic values and the civil abilities to participate in society. Through the quality assurance of evaluations, knowledge requirements emerged as a policy for providing students with the opportunity to learn at one’s capacity. By meeting its knowledge requirements, social science produces students who are stewards of democratic values that, by participating in the community, contribute to social development in every venture during life after school.

A pre-existing interview of a music therapist working in Heideveld in the Cape flats, South Africa, provides data for this research dissertation. The interview focuses on a project that the interviewee and her colleague initiated as a means of developing the potential of community members and addressing some of the many social issues faced by the community, such as gangs, violence, racial divisions and poverty. The project, 'Music for Life', included a choir of about 60 children from different schools in the area, and a concert held in the community at the end of 2004. This qualitative study explores the experiences of the music therapists as they negotiated community 'musicking' with the Heideveld community through the 'Music for Life' project, and highlights possible implications of these experiences for other music therapists working in similar contexts. Emergent themes suggest that the therapists experienced a constant movement, within themselves and the community. The therapists felt a need to move outwards from their clinical work into the community. Through community 'musicking', the therapists experienced how an often fragmented community was able to move together and to move forward by sharing a sense of hope as the potential of the community was celebrated and affirmed. The therapists also experienced a movement in themselves, personally and professionally. They had to move through the process, changing their thinking and plans constantly through negotiating their work with the community. Implications of these experiences are explored from the stance of Community Music Therapy. The importance, possibilities and difficulties of Community Music Therapy work in communities such as Heideveld are discussed. These hold relevance for music therapists working in similar contexts, where community work becomes a more socially and economically viable means of addressing issues that affect individuals and communities simultaneously. / Dissertation (MMus (Music Therapy))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Music / unrestricted

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Urbanization and population growth necessitate an increased presence of green spaces in urban settings to uphold the well-being and health of residents. Outdoor environments with green spaces have shown positive effects on our mental and physical health by reducing stress and enhancing well-being. Understanding how outdoor environments are perceived on university campuses can contribute to more effective health promotion efforts across all campus areas in Sweden. This study aims to investigate how outdoor environments on campus are experienced and can be designed to promote health and social sustainability. Data for this study was collected through a survey targeting both students and employees at Umeå University. The findings reveal that green spaces are highly valued in terms of attractiveness and appreciation. The study identifies seasonal variations in usage and highlights certain factors, such as relaxation and proximity to water, as particularly significant. These green spaces provide opportunities for relaxation, nature experiences, and seating areas, contributing to a positive and enjoyable environment for the campus community. In conclusion, the results of the survey indicate that the green spaces on Umeå University's campus are attractive and significant according to the respondents. Therefore, it is important to continue investing in green areas and green spaces to promote a healthy and welcoming environment for all who reside and work on campus.