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Lietuvos Respublikos vyriausybių programų nuostatos finansų srityje 1999-2006 metais / Financial provisions in the programmes of the Government of the Republic of Lithuania in the year of 1999-2006Bagdonaitė, Inga 30 January 2008 (has links)
Vyriausybės programa- tai Vyriausybės veiklos pagrindas. Vyriausybė savo veiklos programoje įtvirtina esmines finansų politikos kryptis ir gaires, kuriomis vadovaujamasi įgyvendinant šalies finansų politiką. Tačiau tikėtina, kad egzistuoja prieštaravimas tarp Vyriausybių programose įtvirtintų finansinių nuostatų ir jų praktinio įgyvendinimo. Taigi, egzistuoja Vyriausybių programų finansinių nuostatų atitikimo jų įgyvendinimui praktikoje problema. Būtent tai paskatino šiame darbe tyrinėti Lietuvos Respublikos Vyriausybių programose įtvirtintas finansines nuostatas bei jų įgyvendinimą. Šio darbo tikslas yra nustatyti, kurios iš 1999-2006 metų Lietuvos Respublikos Vyriausybių program�� finansinės nuostatos bei kokia apimtimi buvo įgyvendintos praktikoje. Tyrimas atliktas naudojant dokumentų analizės, lyginimo bei statistinės analizės metodus. Atlikus tyrimą, paaiškėjo 1999-2006 metų LR Vyriausybių programose įtvirtintos finansinės nuostatos nebuvo pilnai įgyvendintos. / The Cabinet's policy serves as the grounds of the Cabinet's activity. The Cabinet fixes the essential directions and landmarks of the State's financial policy, which it refers to while implementing the financial policy of the country, in the program of its activity. However, it is likely that discrepancy between the financial provisions, fixed in the Cabinets' programs, and their practical implementation exists. Thus, the problem of conformity of the financial provisions, fixed in the Cabinets' programs, and of their practical implementation exists. It's particularly this circumstance, which prompted the author to investigate the financial provisions, fixed in the programs of the Cabinets of the Republic of Lithuania, and their implementation. The present thesis aimed at ascertaining which financial provisions, fixed in the programs of the Cabinets of the Republic of Lithuania within the years 1999-2006, and to which extent were implemented in practice. The investigation was carried out by analyzing the documents, by applying the comparative and the statistical analysis methods. After having carried out the investigation, it was revealed that the financial provisions, fixed in the programs of the Cabinets of the Republic of Lithuania within the years 1999-2006, were not implemented to the full extent.
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CK 6.272 straipsnio 1 dalies taikymas Lietuvos teismų praktikoje / Application of article 6.272 (1) of the civil code in the lithuanian case-lawBalionytė, Živilė 23 June 2014 (has links)
Valstybės civilinės deliktinės atsakomybė už žalą, atsiradusią dėl neteisėto nuteisimo, neteisėto suėmimo kardomosios priemonės taikymo tvarka, neteisėto sulaikymo, neteisėto procesinės prievartos priemonių pritaikymo, neteisėto administracinės nuobaudos - arešto - paskyrimo, atlyginimo sąlygas reglamentuoja CK 6.272 straipsnio 1 dalis. Šios normos pagrindu Lietuvos teismuose pareiškiama nemažai ieškinių, todėl pagrindinė nukentėjusiojo garantija gauti teisingą patirtos žalos atlyginimą, - tinkamas normoje numatytų atsakomybės sąlygų aiškinimas ir taikymas teismų praktikoje. Atlikta pastarųjų metų teismų praktikos analizė atskleidė, kad teismų praktikoje pastebimas neteisėtų veiksmų sampratos plėtimas. CK 6.272 straipsnio 1 dalyje įtvirtintas neteisėtų veiksmų sąrašas nelaikomas baigtiniu. Civilinėje byloje sprendimas dėl veiksmų teisėtumo ar neteisėtumo, nagrinėjant, ar yra pagrindas atlyginti žalą pagal CK 6.272 straipsnio 1 dalį, priimamas nepriklausomai nuo to, ar atitinkamas procesinis veiksmas buvo skundžiamas baudžiamajame ar administraciniame procese. Išteisinamasis teismo nuosprendis nėra pagrindas civilinėje byloje konstatuoti, jog visas baudžiamasis procesas, taip pat konkretūs pareigūnų veiksmai ikiteisminiame tyrime buvo neteisėti. Teismų praktika nacionaliniu lygmeniu sąlygojo, jog esant teisės į teismą per kuo trumpiausią laiką pažeidimui, galimybė reikalauti žalos atlyginimo pagal LR CK 6.272 straipsnį 1 dalį yra laikoma teisinės gynybos priemone... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Provisions of state's liability in the cases of damage resulting either from unlawful conviction, or unlawful arrest, as a measure of suppression, as well as from unlawful detention, or application of unlawful procedural measures of enforcement, or unlawful infliction of administrative penalty - arrest - are contained in Article 6.272 part I of the Civil Code. This provision is the legal basis for many lawsuits that are submitted to Lithuanian courts. Therefore, the proper interpretation of the provisions provided by the law in court practice is the main guarantee for the aggrieved person to receive just compensation for the damage. The analysis of courts' practice of late years reveals that the concept of unlawful actions has been broadened. The list of actions envisaged in Article 6.272 part I of the Civil Code is not finite. The decision of lawfulness or unlawfulness of actions in a civil case while analyzing existence of right to the compensation of damage in accordance with Article 6.272 part I of the Civil Code is taken irrespective of the fact whether the aggrieved person lodged a complaint of particular procedural decision in criminal or administrative proceedings. The decision, by which the person has been acquitted, is not a presumption to declare in a civil case that the whole criminal proceedings, as well as certain actions of officers in pre-trial investigation, were unlawful. Court's practice stipulated that in case of the breach of "reasonable time" requirement... [to full text]
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Liberal Citizenship in a Multicultural Society : Brian Barry's and William Galston's Approaches to CitizenshipYesmin Shova, Tahmina January 2017 (has links)
This thesis demonstrates a comparative and analytic discussion of citizenship idea based on two distinct liberal doctrines of two contemporary political philosophers: Brian Barry and William Galston. Barry's egalitarian liberalism argues for 'common citizenship' notion in order to promote liberty and equal treatment of all individuals irrespective of any social differences. On the other hand, 'liberal pluralist citizenship' of William Galston's signifies his liberal pluralism to mitigate cultural and religious conflicts of liberal democratic society. The fundamental disagreements among these liberal approaches over the issues of public recognition of group rights and restricted state authority are analysed in this study. Finally, by analysing both the liberal positions under the challenge of multicultural issues the author defends Galston's liberal idea and judges it as more convincing than Barry's liberal approach.
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Investigating popular fiction development at the University of the Free State academic LibraryMaphile, Legopheng Marcus 17 August 2021 (has links)
The study seeks to find out students' and library staff's perceptions and experiences of the popular fiction collection at the University of the Free State's Sasol Library. The purpose of the study is to examine what these perceptions and experiences mean for the future expansion and development of the leisure collection. The Social Learning Theory guided the study. The study adopted a qualitative and quantitative approach whereby open- and close-ended questionnaires were distributed online to students and to library staff to gather research data. The population that participated in the study comprised undergraduate and postgraduate students and library staff. The study employed stratified random sampling as a research technique. The targeted population comprised 37,800 registered students and 61 library staff members accidentally sampled. This in turn gave sample sizes of 381 for students and 53 for library staff. Quantitative data was analysed using Google Forms and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Further, qualitative data was analysed thematically through content analysis. The study found that students enjoy reading popular fiction at the Sasol Library's fiction collection for leisure. The study also found that library staff support the existence of the leisure reading collection, even though a small number felt that its operations could be improved. The study therefore recommends that the university direct resources towards the expansion and improvement of the popular collection through the training of staff and stocking of reading genres that the students require.
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O dever do Estado na efetivação do direito à saúde: os papéis dos poderes Executivo, Legislativo e Judiciário / The State´s duty in the realization of the right to health: the roles of Executive, Legislative and Judicial powersCruz, Mariana Fordellone Rosa 24 September 2014 (has links)
Introdução: O direito sanitário esbarra na noção precípua do conceito de saúde e mais especificamente, na definição de seu conceito jurídico, cujo significado permite delimitar os limites do exercício da saúde enquanto direito dos cidadãos e dever do Estado. Objetivo: O presente trabalho teve como principal objetivo compreender o dever constitucional à saúde, instituído pelo artigo 196 da Constituição Federal de 1988, o qual se volta à garantia de acesso universal e igualitário às ações e serviços de saúde, tanto no aspecto promocional, quanto protetivo e preventivo. Métodos: Revisão bibliográfica relacionada ao Direito da Saúde, Estado Democrático de Direito, Efetivação dos Direitos Humanos, Poderes do Estado; Pesquisa legislativa, no âmbito nacional; Revisão bibliográfica sobre judicialização da saúde; E levantamento das principais políticas de saúde normatizadas pelo Poder Executivo, em nível federal. Resultados. Tal dever desdobra-se entre os Poderes Legislativo, Executivo e Judiciário, impondo-se a cada um deles uma gama de atribuições para o seu devido cumprimento. Ao Legislativo incumbe a criação de leis regulamentadoras dos direitos previstos na Constituição, ao Executivo, a escolha das prioridades na área de saúde para a promoção de políticas públicas e ao Judiciário, a complementação dos demais poderes, coibindo omissões e abusos. Conclusões. Além dos poderes estatais, a responsabilidade pela efetiva implementação do direito à saúde também compete à comunidade, a qual deve participar das instâncias de participação popular criadas, delineando suas necessidades em saúde. / Introduction: The right to health care is hindered by the primary concept of \"health\" and more specifically, in the definition of its legal concept whose meaning allows to define the limits of the exercise of health as a right of the citizens and the State\'s duty. Objective: The present study had as its main objective to understand the constitutional duty to health, established by Article 196 of the Federal Constitution of 1988, which focuses on the guarantee of universal and equal access to actions and health services including the promotional aspect as well as protective and preventive measures. Methods: Review of the literature related to Health Law, Democratic State, Enforcement of Human Rights, the State\'s Powers; Legislative research, at the national level; Bibliographic review of judicialization of health; And survey of the main policies of health established by the Executive Branch, at the federal level. Results: This duty unfolds between the Legislative, Executive and Judiciary, imposing to each one of them a range of tasks. The legislature is responsible for the creation of laws regulating the rights provided by the Constitution; the Executive Branch makes the choices of health priorities for the promotion of public policies and to the Judiciary complements the action of the other powers, watching for omissions and abuses. Conclusions: In addition to the responsibility of the state powers, the effective implementation of the right to health also remains on the acting of the community that should participate in the instances of popular participation, outlining the real needs in health.
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O dever do Estado na efetivação do direito à saúde: os papéis dos poderes Executivo, Legislativo e Judiciário / The State´s duty in the realization of the right to health: the roles of Executive, Legislative and Judicial powersMariana Fordellone Rosa Cruz 24 September 2014 (has links)
Introdução: O direito sanitário esbarra na noção precípua do conceito de saúde e mais especificamente, na definição de seu conceito jurídico, cujo significado permite delimitar os limites do exercício da saúde enquanto direito dos cidadãos e dever do Estado. Objetivo: O presente trabalho teve como principal objetivo compreender o dever constitucional à saúde, instituído pelo artigo 196 da Constituição Federal de 1988, o qual se volta à garantia de acesso universal e igualitário às ações e serviços de saúde, tanto no aspecto promocional, quanto protetivo e preventivo. Métodos: Revisão bibliográfica relacionada ao Direito da Saúde, Estado Democrático de Direito, Efetivação dos Direitos Humanos, Poderes do Estado; Pesquisa legislativa, no âmbito nacional; Revisão bibliográfica sobre judicialização da saúde; E levantamento das principais políticas de saúde normatizadas pelo Poder Executivo, em nível federal. Resultados. Tal dever desdobra-se entre os Poderes Legislativo, Executivo e Judiciário, impondo-se a cada um deles uma gama de atribuições para o seu devido cumprimento. Ao Legislativo incumbe a criação de leis regulamentadoras dos direitos previstos na Constituição, ao Executivo, a escolha das prioridades na área de saúde para a promoção de políticas públicas e ao Judiciário, a complementação dos demais poderes, coibindo omissões e abusos. Conclusões. Além dos poderes estatais, a responsabilidade pela efetiva implementação do direito à saúde também compete à comunidade, a qual deve participar das instâncias de participação popular criadas, delineando suas necessidades em saúde. / Introduction: The right to health care is hindered by the primary concept of \"health\" and more specifically, in the definition of its legal concept whose meaning allows to define the limits of the exercise of health as a right of the citizens and the State\'s duty. Objective: The present study had as its main objective to understand the constitutional duty to health, established by Article 196 of the Federal Constitution of 1988, which focuses on the guarantee of universal and equal access to actions and health services including the promotional aspect as well as protective and preventive measures. Methods: Review of the literature related to Health Law, Democratic State, Enforcement of Human Rights, the State\'s Powers; Legislative research, at the national level; Bibliographic review of judicialization of health; And survey of the main policies of health established by the Executive Branch, at the federal level. Results: This duty unfolds between the Legislative, Executive and Judiciary, imposing to each one of them a range of tasks. The legislature is responsible for the creation of laws regulating the rights provided by the Constitution; the Executive Branch makes the choices of health priorities for the promotion of public policies and to the Judiciary complements the action of the other powers, watching for omissions and abuses. Conclusions: In addition to the responsibility of the state powers, the effective implementation of the right to health also remains on the acting of the community that should participate in the instances of popular participation, outlining the real needs in health.
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Lietuvos fiskalinė politika po įstojimo į Europos Sąjungą / Lithuanian fiscal policy after accession to the European UnionBronikauskaitė, Deimantė 03 June 2014 (has links)
Vyriausybės veikla reiškiasi jos vykdoma politika, kuri gali suteikti ekonominiam ciklui kilimo arba smukimo reiškinį. Naudodama fiskalinę politiką, arba kitaip iždo politiką, kuri reiškiasi mokesčiais ir biudžeto išlaidomis, gali reguliuoti valstybės ekonominę padėtį. Tai Vyiausybės įrankis, padedantis įtakoti ekonomikos veiklą per jos vykdomą išlaidų ir mokesčių kontrolę. Magistro darbe nuspręsta išanalizuoti ir įvertinti fiskalinės politikos pokyčius Lietuvai įstojus į ES, tuo pačiu palyginti su kitomis Baltijos šalimis.
Šiuo magistro darbo tyrimu siekiama išsamiai ir nuosekliai, atlikti Lietuvos fiskalinės politikos analizę ir suformuluoti išvadas. Siekiant į analizę įtraukti kuo naujesnius duomenis, buvo pasirinkti laikotarpiai: Lietuvos fiskalinės politikos analizei 2004–2013 m. laikotarpis, o lyginamąjai Baltijos šalių analizei 2004–2012 m. Siekiant analizės nuoseklumo bei išvadų pagrįstumo, buvo iškelti uždaviniai: išnagrindėti fiskalinės politikos atsiradimo priežastis, tikslus, ištirti bei įvertinti pagrindines fiskalinės politikos priemones ir jų poveikį ekonomikai, ištirti Lietuvos fiskalinės politikos įgyvendinimo ypatumus bei fiskalinės politikos pokyčius, Lietuvai įstojus į ES, atlikti lyginamąją Baltijos šalių fiskalinės politos analizę po įstojimo į ES.
Darbo metu nagrinėjant fiskalinės politikos sampratą, teorinį jos priemonių panaudojimą, valstybės biudžeto struktūrą ir jo sudarymo bei vykdymo procesus, buvo atlikta mokslinės literatūros analizė... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Government action is manifested in its policies, which may give rise to economic cycles or downward phenomenon. By using fiscal policy, otherwise exchequer policy, which is manifested fees and budget costs, it can regulate the state economic situation. This is the government tool that helps to influence economic activity through its ongoing monitoring of costs and fees. In this master's thesis was decided to analyze and assess fiscal policy in Lithuania's accession to the EU, while compared with the other Baltic countries.
In this master's thesis research is aimed to comprehensively and to consistently perform a Lithuanian fiscal policy analysis and to formulate conclusions. In order to include an analysis of the most recent data were selected periods: for 2004-2013 Lithuanian fiscal policy analysis, and 2004-2012 comparative analysis of the Baltic countries. In order to analysis the consistency and validity of the conclusions was identified objectives: to examine the causes of fiscal policy objectives, to examine and evaluate the main fiscal policy measures and their impact on the economy to explore Lithuania's fiscal policy peculiarities and fiscal policy developments in Lithuania's accession to the EU, the Baltic comparative national fiscal policy analysis after accession to the EU.
During the examination of the concept of fiscal policy, the theoretical instruments its uses, the structure of the state budget and the establishment and implementation processes were carried... [to full text]
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L'émergence des indications géographiques dans les processus de qualification territoriale des produits agroalimentaire. Une analyse croisée entre l'Indonésie et le Vietnam / The emergence of geographical indications in the processes of territorial qualification of agrofood products. A comparative analysis of Indonesia and VietnamDurand, Claire 28 January 2016 (has links)
Cette thèse porte sur les processus de qualification territoriale des produits agroalimentaires, en analysant le rôle que jouent les indications géographiques (IG) dans ces processus, en Indonésie et au Vietnam. Nous interrogeons les objectifs et les conditions économiques du développement des IG, en articulant économie de la qualité et des territoires. Trois pôles de conditions économiques sont mis à l’épreuve, par l’analyse (1) de la spécificité des produits, (2) des coordinations territoriales et de l’organisation locale des acteurs, et (3) du rôle de l’État. La mise en regard des systèmes d’IG indonésien et vietnamien, confrontée au modèle économique des IG, souligne le rôle important joué par les États, qui dépasse la seule dimension juridique de protection des IG pour englober un ensemble de fonctions (sélection des produits, financement des IG, expertise, suivi post-enregistrement). La lecture croisée de six expériences locales d’IG démontre, d’une part, que l’enregistrement des IG peut être effectué à différents stades du processus de qualification territoriale en cours (avancé, intermédiaire ou récent) et que le moment d’apparition de l’IG conditionne la construction du dispositif institutionnel local. D'autre part, notre enquête de terrain souligne l’importance du contexte économique des filières et l’influence des configurations sociopolitiques locales dans la phase d’émergence des IG, questionnant ainsi la capacité des ces dispositifs institutionnels locaux à équilibrer les rapports de pouvoir entre acteurs. L’analyse des rôles multiples des États centraux et locaux dans les dynamiques émergentes d’IG ouvre des pistes de réflexion quant aux liens entre IG, action publique, décentralisation et marges de manœuvre pour l’organisation et l’action collective locale. La poursuite de processus d'institutionnalisation du lien à l'origine à travers les IG dans ces deux pays apparaît conditionnée par plusieurs éléments, notamment une participation élargie des producteurs aux dynamiques locales d’IG, le rôle actif des services agricoles provinciaux et l’adhésion plus étendue des acheteurs. / This thesis analyses the process of territorial qualification of agro-food products, by studying the role of geographical indications (GI) in this process, in Indonesia and Vietnam. We interrogate the objectives and the economic conditions of the development of GIs, by combining the economics of quality and territories. Three types of conditions are questioned, through the analysis of (1) the specificity of products, (2) the territorial coordinations and the organization of local actors, and (3) the State’s role. The comparison of the Indonesian and Vietnamese GI systems, confronted with the economic model of GIs, highlights the important role of the States, which goes beyond the legal protection of GIs and gather several functions (selection of products, funding, expertise, monitoring after registration). The parallel analysis of six local GI experiences demonstrates, first, that GIs are be registered at various stages of the ongoing process of territorial qualification (advanced, intermediate or recent) and that the moment of the GI establishment conditions the construction of the local institutional device. Secondly, our field research underlines the importance of the economic context of supply-chains and the influence of local sociopolitical configurations during the emergence of GIs, questioning the capacity of these local institutional devices to balance the power between stakeholders. The study of the various roles of central States and local governments in the emerging GI dynamics opens perspectives of analysis of the interactions between GIs, public intervention, decentralization and opportunities for local organization and collective action. The evolution of the institutionalization process of the link to origin through GIs in both countries appears contingent upon several elements, including a larger participation of producers to the local GI dynamics, an active role of the local agricultural services and a broad engagement of buyers.
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Politicas publicas e organizações sociais : o controle social na terceirização dos serviços de saudeTraldi, Maria Cristina 24 November 2003 (has links)
Orientador: Maria da Gloria Gohn / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T20:51:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Traldi_MariaCristina_D.pdf: 11218015 bytes, checksum: e0d8a061e5d5052ed61473d7003e4972 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2003 / Resumo: A política de contratação de organizações do terceiro setor para executar serviços de saúde é parte da reforma do Estado, instituída no Brasil no final dos anos 90 e é analisada neste estudo a partir das novas formulações do conceito de sociedade civil. O modelo de gestão terceirizada de serviços não é uma medida isolada e segue uma tendência neoliberal adotada nos países centrais desde a década de 70, como estratégia de redução de gastos e focalização de recursos nas áreas sociais. O enfoque adotado na análise deste estudo foi o da reflexão sobre o risco de retrocesso que esse modelo de gestão pode acarretar à implementação do SUS caso não seja garantida a transparência nos processos de contratação das OS(s) e a regulação por parte da sociedade civil. Dessa forma, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi analisar as perspectivas de controle social sobre a ação do Estado e seus parceiros, quando este coloca em prática a política de contratação de Organizações Sociais para executar serviços de saúde, atividade que até então era considerada de sua competência exclusiva. Optou-se pela realização de uma pesquisa exploratória de natureza qualitativa sobre as parcerias realizadas no estado de São Paulo, entre os anos de 1998 e 2002, buscando identificar os mecanismos de participação dos Conselhos de Saúde no processo de qualificação e contratação das OS(s). A pesquisa de campo ocorreu de Julho de 2002 a Agosto de 2003, e os instrumentos utilizados foram entrevistas e um questionário enviado aos catorze hospitais públicos terceirizados no período. A principal conclusão da investigação é a que as parcerias com entidades do terceiro setor para a produção de serviços de saúde ampliam a esfera pública, mas essa ampliação não se dá na perspectiva da nova concepção de sociedade civil porque a incorporação dessas entidades, via de regra, não passa pela disputa democrática nos espaços públicos de debate. Devido à tendência de privatização do patrimônio público, há necessidade de intensificar o controle social, particularmente aquele realizado pelos Conselhos de Saúde. O controle social nas parcerias mostrou-se incipiente e direcionado à fiscalização dos serviços prestados, pois o processo de qualificação das OS( s) e a definição das entidades parceiras do Estado são centralizados no Poder Executivo. A constatação da participação do CES na definição de políticas de saúde nesta investigação é considerada como elemento positivo e um registro de avanço no desempenho das funções desse órgão / Abstract: The third sector' s politics of organizations hiring for the execution of health services is part of the State's reform that was instituted at the end of the 90's by the brazilian government and is analyzed in this study under the new formularizations of the civil society's concept. The outsourced management model is not an isolated policy, but follows a neoliberal trend adopted in the central countries since the 10" s as an expenses retention strategy and resource focus on social areas. The ana1ysis' approach was the reflection on the retrocession risk that this model of management can cause to the implementation of the SUS in case the transparency in the processes of the OS(s)' hiring and the regulation on civil society's part is not guaranteed. This research's general objective was to ana1yze the perspectives of social control over the action of the State and its partners, when it practices the politics of Social Organizations' hiring to execute health services, an activity that until then was considered a State's exclusivity. It was opted to the accomplishment of an exploratory research of qualitative nature on the partnerships carried through between the period of 1998 and 2002, in the State of São Paulo, in order to identify the Health Counsels' participation mechanisms in the process of qualification and hiring of the OS(s). The field research occurred during the months of July of 2002 until August of 2003, and the used instruments were: interviews and a questionnaire sent to fourteen outsourced public hospitals in the period. The main conclusion of the inquiry is that the partnerships with entities of the third sector for the production of hea1th services extend the public sphere, but, this expansion is not given in the perspective of civil society' s new conception because the incorporation of these entities, usually, is not given through the democratic dispute in the public spaces of debate. Due to the trend of the common wealth privatization, there is a necessity to intensify the social control, basica11y the one carried through by the Health Counsels. The social control in the partnerships proved itself budding and directed to the fiscalization of the given services, because the OS( s )'s process of qualification and the definition of the State's partner entities are centered in the Executive Power. The CES's participation in the definition of health politics in this inquiry is considered as a positive element and a register of advance in this agency's performance / Doutorado / Educação, Sociedade, Politica e Cultura / Doutor em Educação
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Atlas linguístico pluridimensional do português paulista: níveis semântico-lexical e fonético-fonológico do vernáculo da região do Médio Tietê / Pluridimensional linguistic atlas of the Portuguese spoken in the Brazilian state of São Paulo: semantic-lexical and phonetic-phonological levels of the vernacular in Médio Tietê regionFigueiredo Junior, Selmo Ribeiro 30 November 2018 (has links)
Com base teórico-metodológica da Dialetologia Pluridimensional (RADTKE e THUN, 1996; THUN, 2000, 2005 etc.), esta tese de doutorado apresenta sobretudo um atlas linguístico pluridimensional do português paulista (conhecido como \"dialeto caipira\") nos níveis semântico-lexical e fonético-fonológico e faz contribuições metodológicas de diferentes naturezas. Trata-se de contribuições à metodologia de coleta de dados empíricos, à metodologia de organização de corpora, e à metodologia de elaboração de atlas linguísticos pluridimensionais. No campo analítico, uma das contribuições deste estudo refere-se às contrapartes (a)fonéticas do arquifonema /R/ em quatro situações de coda silábica: (i) externa de desinência infinitiva (DI) seguida por pausa; (ii) externa em sílaba tônica (que não de DI) seguida por pausa; (iii) interna em sílaba tônica; e (iv) interna em sílaba átona. Quanto à situação (i), a seguinte hipótese em específico foi testada: os jovens entre 18 e 36 anos de idade do Médio Tietê (esp. aqueles com alta escolaridade, AE) estão produzindo a variante [ ɻ ] (a aproximante retroflexa, conhecida como \"erre caipira\") para o /R/ na situação (i) sob uma frequência relativa inferior àquela a ser observada entre os mais velhos a partir de 55 anos de idade (esp. aqueles com baixa escolaridade, BE). Como resultado, a fala dos jovens revelou-se na verdade mais albergadora da variante [ ɻ ] do que a fala dos mais velhos. A frequência relativa do fone referido em perspectiva com suas covariantes foi de 57% entre os jovens com AE e 62% entre os jovens com BE (contra 45% entre os mais velhos com AE e 30% entre os mais velhos com BE). Os dados são de 80 voluntários moradores em alguns dos municípios mais antigos do interior paulista: Santana de Parnaíba, Pirapora do Bom Jesus, Araçariguama, São Roque, Sorocaba, Itu, Porto Feliz, Tietê, Capivari e Piracicaba. A coleta dos dados realizou-se com a aplicação dos instrumentos metodológicos do Atlas Linguístico do Brasil (ALiB, 2014) com modificações, gerando um conjunto de corpora, constituído por corpora semântico-lexicais, corpora fonético-fonológicos, um corpus metalinguístico-etnográfico e corpora extralinguísticos. Como base de dados, esse conjunto de corpora permitiu a elaboração do atlas linguístico de maneira a contemplar, além da dimensão diatópica inerente a esse empreendimento cartográfico e geolinguístico, ainda as dimensões diastrática, diagenérica e diageracional. No campo teórico-metodológico, uma das contribuições mais importantes deste trabalho reside no desenvolvimento de uma série de procedimentos ao inquérito semântico-lexical a qual denominamos \'técnica de entrevista orientada à contundência responsiva/anuente\', diretamente baseada na \'técnica de entrevista de três tempos\', por sua vez concebida pelo Dr. Thun (ADDU, 2000). Esta pesquisa só foi possível graças ao apoio da Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo FAPESP (procs. 2015/14038-5 e 2011/51787-5), do Serviço Alemão de Intercâmbio Acadêmico DAAD (prog. 57214225) e da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior CAPES (proc. 0128-16-3 / 99999.000128/2016-03). / Following the theoretical and methodological background of the Pluridimensional Dialectology (RADTKE & THUN, 1996; THUN, 2000, 2005, among others), this doctoral thesis presents mainly a pluridimensional linguistic atlas of the Portuguese spoken in the Brazilian state of São Paulo, also known as \"Caipira\" dialect. The linguistic levels approached are both semantic-lexical and phonetic-phonological. This study also makes methodological contributions to data collection process, to corpora structuring, and to development of pluridimensional atlases. Regarding the analyses, the archiphoneme /R/\'s phonetic counterparts were investigated in four different syllable codas: (i) final of infinitive ending (IE) followed by a break; (ii) final in stressed syllable (but not of IE) followed by a break; (iii) medial in stressed syllable; and (iv) medial in unstressed syllable. Concerning case (i), a specific hypothesis was tested out, namely: young individuals aged 18 to 36 from the Médio Tietê region (esp. those with high education, HE) articulate the variant [ ɻ ] (voiced retroflex approximant, also known as \"Caipira-R\") for the /R/ in case (i) under a relative frequency that is lower than the one to be observed among elders from 55 years of age (esp. those with low education, LE). Surprisingly, it turned out that younger ones speak [ ɻ ] more than older ones do. The relative frequency of [ ɻ ] put in perspective with its covariants was 57% among HE young individuals and 62% among LE ones (against 45% among HE elders and 30% among LE ones). Data from 80 local speakers were collected in some of the São Paulo State\'s oldest inland cities: Santana de Parnaíba, Pirapora do Bom Jesus, Araçariguama, São Roque, Sorocaba, Itu, Porto Feliz, Tietê, Capivari, and Piracicaba. For the data collection, methodological instruments made by \"Atlas Linguístico do Brasil\" (ALiB, 2014) were applied after modifications. Thus, a set of corpora was produced: semanticlexical ones, phonetic-phonological ones, a metalinguistic-ethnographic one, and extralinguistic ones. They constitute the database for the elaboration of the atlas, which encompasses in addition to the diatopic dimension inherent in this cartographic and geolinguistic undertaking diastratic, diagender-specific, and diagenerational dimensions. From a both theoretical and methodological perspective, another contribution of this work lies in the development of a series of procedures whose main goal is to obtain the informants\' certitude about answers in the semantic-lexical interview that is derived from the three-step technique created by Dr. Thun (ADDU, 2000). This research was only possible thanks to \"Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo\" FAPESP (process numbers 2015/14038-5 and 2011/51787-5), German Academic Exchange Service DAAD (funding program number 57214225), and \"Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior\" CAPES (process number 0128-16-3 / 99999.000128/2016- 03).
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