Predicting language outcomes in children who at age two are "late talkers" is a concern of Speech Language Pathologists. Currently, there is no conclusive data allowing specialists to predict which children will outgrow their delays and which children will not. The purpose of the present study is to analyze the effect of a receptive language delay on the outcome of the slow expressive language delayed child, and determine whether or not it is a viable predictor of poor outcomes. The subject information used in this project was compiled from the data collected and reported by Paul (1991) during the Portland Language Development Project (PLDP). Children in the PLDP first participated in the longitudinal study between the ages of twenty to thirtyfour months. They were categorized as being slow in expressive language development if they produced fewer that fifty intelligible words during this age range. They were then subgrouped into an expressive-receptive delayed group if they scored more than one standard deviation below the mean on the Reynell Developmental Language Scales. Of the twenty-five subjects with complete data over the five years of the study, nineteen were considered to be solely expressively delayed, while the remaining six were classified as having both an expressive and a receptive language delay. Lee's Developmental Sentence Scoring (DSS) (1974) was used to track the subject's expressive language abilities to the age of seven. DSS scores were analyzed yearly, using the Mann-Whitney nonparametric statistical test. This would determine whether the subjects considered to be both expressively and receptively delayed were exhibiting more difficulties in their expressive language abilities than those subjects with expressive delays alone. The results of the study indicated that significant differences did not exist between the two groups. Therefore, there was insufficient evidence to conclude that a receptive language delay at twenty to thirty-four months of age is a feasible predictor of lasting expressive language delays. This leads to the recommendation that additional research be conducted focusing on areas other than receptive language abilities as being predictors of poor expressive language outcomes.

A major purpose of this study is to describe and analyse representations of migration and migrants in three local Swedish newspapers, Arbetarbladet, Borås Tidning, and Vestmanlands Läns Tidning and one national, Dagens Nyheter, at eight selected years during the period of 1945 – 2005. The dissertation investigates continuity and change over the course of time. The study also traces how journalistic discourses relate to migration policies. The main focus is on the local papers and the interplay between local and national perspectives in expressing estrangement and national community. The main sample consists of 1 537 articles published in the first three weeks of March in the years 1945, 1955, 1965, 1975, 1985, 1995 and the year 2000. Quantitative and qualitative approaches are combined and the study is carried out within the traditions of Critical Discourse Analysis and rhetoric. One theoretical approach rests on the notion of the stranger, as conceptualized by Georg Simmel. Closely linked to this notion are the concepts of nation, culture, and identity. One purpose is to analyse how these aspects are textualised and visualised. Despite the changes of migration to Sweden, press coverage has demonstrated a remarkable consistency in the representations of immigrants and migration policy throughout the period. The analyses indicate that there is a continuous dialogue between the press and the government agenda. Albeit the consonance between the papers, it needs to be pointed out that representations of strangers are heterogeneous. In certain respects the local papers differ from the national paper. The Dagens Nyheter was more inclined to use a negative and a conflict angle. The local papers, promoting strong place identities, were more prone to stress co-operation and shared interests. The portrayal often draws on an implicit positive self-representation of Sweden. Nationhood is still a resonant element in journalism, a late echo, as it were, of the People’s Home.

Swedish national statistics suggest that the number of reported stranger rapes is steadily increasing. Stranger rape is one of the most difficult types of crime for the police to investigate because there is no natural tie between the victim and offender. As a result, there is a need for more knowledge about how crime scene features could be used to make inferences of likely offender characteristics that could help investigators narrow down the pool of suspects. The aim in Study I was to examine how offender behaviors interact with contextual features, victim behaviors, and the assault outcome. Results suggest that the stranger rapes could be distinguished by five different dynamic rape pattern themes, which mainly differed on two dimensions: level of violence to control the victim, and level of impulsivity/premeditation characterizing the rapes. The results also highlight the importance of including contextual features when studying offender behaviors. The aim in Study II was to examine how single-victim rapists and serial rapists can be differentiated by the actions at their first stranger rape. Results suggest that three behaviors in conjunction: kissed victim, controlled victim, and offender drank alcohol before the offense, could be used to predict whether the offender was a single-victim rapist or serial rapist with a classification accuracy of 80.4 %. The aim in Study III was to examine how stranger rapists could be differentiated from a normative sample on background characteristics, and if stranger rapists’ pre-assault and initial-attack behaviors could be used to predict likely offender characteristics. Results showed that the strongest predictions could be made for previous criminal convictions, offender age, and the distance traveled by the offender to offend. Overall, the present thesis has found some scientific support for the use of crime scene behaviors to make inferences of likely offender characteristics that could be useful for profiling purposes. / <p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: Submitted. Paper 3: Submitted.</p>

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-04-02Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:09:30Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 menegazzo_ec_me_mar.pdf: 857038 bytes, checksum: 0bc8d28cc7aea8e6c53d8d5f222dab55 (MD5) / Com o desenvolvimento da Comunicação Mediada por Computadores (CMC), tornaram-se possíveis outras formas de interação social e, apesar de essas possibilitarem a formação de grupos sociais no ciberespaço, também podemos encontrar algumas formas de exclusão. O fenômeno do estrangeiro se apresenta na CMC em língua italiana como uma relação ao mesmo tempo de proximidade e distância, além de algumas barreiras para o desenvolvimento de uma sociabilidade entre italianos e estrangeiros. Na aproximação feita ao fenômeno do estrangeiro, em um dos sistemas mais usados na CMC, o webchat, verificou-se que apesar da possibilidade técnica de se construírem e de se utilizarem diversas identidades nos sistemas de CMC analisados, a identidade nacional se destaca na interação entre italianos e estrangeiros, acompanhada muitas vezes de hostilidades ou de um discurso retórico em relação aos imigrantes na Itália. / With the development of Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC), new forms of social interaction became possible and, despite of the fact that they are responsible for the creation of social groups in the cyberspace, we can also find some forms of exclusion. The “stranger phenomenon” presents itself, in the CMC that uses Italian language, as a relation, at the same time, of proximity and of distance, and also as barriers against the development of a sociability between strangers and Italians. By approaching the “stranger phenomenon”, through one of the most used CMC, the webchat, we could verify that, despite of technical possibility of constructing and of using multiple identities, national identity stands out in interrelation between Italians and strangers, bringing with it hostility or rethorical speeches related to immigrants in Italy.

[pt] Essa dissertação tem como ponto de partida as considerações freudianas sobre a sexualidade como fator preponderante nas manifestações de angústia. A compreensão de que a sexualidade possui um caráter traumático torna mais explícito o fato de que a angústia está relacionada a algo que extrapola a capacidade de simbolização do psiquismo. A consideração sobre o caso Hans pretende mostrar o que está em jogo na relação entre o sexual e a angústia. A partir deste caso clínico é possível discernir que o perigo assinalado pela angústia diz respeito à castração, conceito que se destaca no comentário sobre o fenômeno do estranho, a partir do qual se compreende que o perigo assinalado pela angústia está associado à organização da imagem do corpo, não sendo apenas algo proveniente do exterior, alheio ao eu. A partir do conto de Hoffmann, O Homem da Areia , desenvolve-se a ideia de que existe algo que está localizado numa região para além da imagem corporal, mas que ao mesmo tempo faz parte dela. Essa região ao mesmo tempo estranha e familiar é onde está localizado o objeto da angústia é a única tradução subjetiva. A consideração sobre o lugar da angústia na direção do tratamento se apoia nesta impostante noção da teoria lacaniana. / [en] The start point of this dissertation is the freudian s considerations about sexuality like a special factor in production of anguish. The conception that sexuality is traumatic demonstrates the fact anguish is associated with something beyond the psyche s capacity to symbolization. The approach about Hans case introduces the connection between sexuality and anguish. The clinical case shows that castration is the danger indicated by anguish. The concept of castration appears in the comments about the experience of estrangement, where it become clear that the function of anguish is associated the body s image too. So, anguish isn t an external part of I. The story The Sandman , written by Hoffmann, exemplifies the idea that there is something in a place not included in body s image, but that is part of its structure. The object a is that place, simultaneously strange and familiar, and its subjective expression is anguish. The study about the function of anguish on direction of treatment is sustained by the concept of object a, wich is very important in the theory of Lacan.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-15T21:46:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Marco Antonio Dresler Hovnanian1.pdf: 17363212 bytes, checksum: 670c0b3b152bb3a8536ddfe10f7f6365 (MD5) Marco Antonio Dresler Hovnanian2.pdf: 79135569 bytes, checksum: dc6a7ebab2f686a4f8a67012bf06cf15 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-05 / Banco Santander S.A. / The objective of this work is the construction of an artistic view on rythms and way of living of the homeless population. In academic point of view, the conception of valid performance from Cloke works as an important element of the textual argumentation here represented on the sense that the homeless stage actions as sleep, eat and share similarly as the population that has fixed residence. However, as the first group is seen as declassed and excluded, the second is as central and included, perceptions discussed on this thesis. This thesis discusses the connotation of stranger, generally assigned to the homeless population throw the sociological discussion bias, based mainly on Zygmunt Bauman and Michel Foucault thoughts about the stranger and the ways of lead and control of this population. The artistic view is at the systematic work of construction of light, time and of the photographic register in sequence using the stop motion technique. The nightly light of the exposures as light that not exist, or, in other words, is built from the fleeting and irregular of cars headlights that were going by. The light of each car headlight is different, the angle which it focus too. The camera setup needs constantly to be readjusted. In this process the time assumes a protagonist role. An important aspect as the way this thesis was conducted focus on the shared experiences conducted as essential manner of the research, both in the speculative role as in the moments it was employed systematically. The rapprochement and the entrance on the habitual of those persons are one of the results of this manner of living, the settlement of empathy, of dynamics compatibility of experiences sometimes based on language, sometimes without it, only by the gestural or the emotional observant presence and intellectually relaxed. The domain of the technique guided some intuitive steps, but conducted, at the end, the construction of this language. / O objetivo deste trabalho é a construção de um olhar artístico sobre os ritmos e os modos de vida da população moradora de rua. Do ponto de vista acadêmico, o conceito de performance válida de Cloke funciona como importante elemento da argumentação textual aqui apresentada, no sentido de que os moradores de rua encenam ações como dormir, comer, compartilhar, de modo semelhante à população que tem residência fixa. Entretanto, enquanto o primeiro grupo é visto como marginal e excluído, o segundo o é como central e incluído, percepções discutidas neste trabalho. O trabalho aborda a conotação de estranho, comumente atribuída à população moradora de rua pelo viés da discussão sociológica, fundamentada principalmente no pensamento de Zygmunt Bauman e Michel Foucault ao abordar o estranho e os modos de governo e controle dessa população. O ponto de vista artístico situa-se no trabalho sistemático de construção da luz, do tempo e do movimento no registro fotográfico em sequência por meio da técnica de stop motion. A luz noturna dos registros fotográficos é uma luz que não existe, ou, em outras palavras, constrói-se a partir da iluminação fugidia e irregular dos faróis dos carros que passam. A luz de cada farol é diferente, o ângulo em que ela incide também. A regulagem da câmera precisa ser constantemente reajustada. Neste processo, o tempo assume um papel protagonista. Um aspecto importante do modo como esse trabalho foi conduzido centra-se na vivência compartilhada, conduzida como prática essencial da pesquisa, tanto no seu papel especulativo como nos momentos em que foi empregada mais sistematicamente. A aproximação e a entrada no cotidiano destas pessoas é um dos resultados dessa prática de vivência, do estabelecimento de empatia, de dinâmicas de compatibilidade na convivência às vezes por meio da linguagem, às vezes sem ela, apenas pelo gestual ou a presença emocionalmente atenta e intelectualmente relaxada. O domínio da técnica guiou certos passos intuitivos, mas conduziu, ao final, a construção desta linguagem.

Submitted by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2015-11-25T13:52:13Z No. of bitstreams: 2 O estranho na transcrição cinematográfica de Luchino Visconti para O estrangeiro, de Albert Camus.pdf: 1549810 bytes, checksum: 8f29f776eb91afab6cd9186c4a9ab7cf (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2015-11-25T16:05:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 O estranho na transcrição cinematográfica de Luchino Visconti para O estrangeiro, de Albert Camus.pdf: 1549810 bytes, checksum: 8f29f776eb91afab6cd9186c4a9ab7cf (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-25T16:07:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 O estranho na transcrição cinematográfica de Luchino Visconti para O estrangeiro, de Albert Camus.pdf: 1549810 bytes, checksum: 8f29f776eb91afab6cd9186c4a9ab7cf (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-10-28 / Sem bolsa / Esse trabalho discute as diferentes representações de estranho nas narrativas L’Étranger, de Albert Camus, e Lo straniero, de Luchino Visconti. Para tanto, nossa reflexão baseia-se nos preceitos elencados por Tiphane Samoyault sobre o conceito de intertextualidade de modo a entender como as obras artísticas se relacionam. Pensamos, ainda, o significado de adaptação a partir das proposições feitas por Linda Hutcheon. Sob essas perspectivas, discutimos questões referentes às teorias do estranho de Julia Kristeva e Bernhard Waldenfels em relação ao recorte proposto das narrativas – o incipit do romance camusiano e a abertura fílmica da película de Visconti. Desse modo, fazemos a análise do comportamento estranho da personagem principal das narrativas literária e fílmica, Meursault, a fim de problematizar a hipótese da pesquisa, que busca entender se a narrativa fílmica é capaz de restituir o estranhamento do romance desde a sua abertura. / This study discusses the differents representation of alien in the narratives L’Étranger by Albert Camus and Lo straniero by Luchino Visconti. Therefore, our reflection is based on the precepts chosen by Tiphane Samoyault about the concept of intertextuality in order to understand how the works relate. We also consider the meaning of adaptation by the proposition of Linda Hutcheon. Under this perspective, we discuss the issues concerning the theory of alien of Julia Kristeva and Bernhard Waldenfels in the narratives thematic focus – the incipit from the novel and the opening scenes of Visconti’s film. Thereby, we analysis the alien behavior of the main character in the literary and filmic narratives, Meursault, in order to discuss the hypothesis of the research that seeks to understand if the filmic narrative is able to repay the strangeness of the novel since the opening.

In this study, we explore six preschool pedagogues’ experiences regarding the celebrations of cultural and religious festivals and traditions, and how this is noted in their respective preschool settings. The purpose of this critical study is to make educators aware of how children’s ethnic and cultural diversity is reflected in the preschool’s attention or lack of attention to different festivals and traditions. The study is based on interviews conducted with six randomly selected preschool pedagogues from six different preschools from different parts of Sweden. Three of the preschool peda-gogues interviewed worked at “monocultural” preschools while the other three worked at what they considered as “multicultural” preschools. The results of the study are, that regardless of how the composition of the children’s group appeared, the preschool pedagogues’ reflections on their own situated experiences reveal the extent to which the festivals and traditions cele-brated are so-called Swedish and Christian. The festivals and traditions celebrated are e.g. Easter, Midsummer, Lucia and Christmas. Celebrations and traditions of a decent other than Swedish are not recognized in the same way. Theoretically, this study is based on Sara Ahmed’s ideas surrounding ‘the hegemony of white-ness’ and the ‘phenomenology of whiteness’. For us, this important critical and theoretical re-source opens for future questions about how well established the white hegemony is in our Swedish preschool.

Working within a social constructionist paradigm, the focus of this study is on the way in which the social problem of campus sexual assault is constructed and the way in which these constructions determine the proposed solutions. To address the issue, the study focuses on a high-profile case of a violent sexual assault that occurred at Carleton University in the fall of 2007. Drawing upon the work of Joel Best and Donileen Loseke, I approach this issue by focusing on the claims-making activities that emerged in response to this event. Using a mixed methods analysis of newspaper coverage of the event consisting of a quantitative content analysis combined with a more detailed thematic analysis focusing on the specific claims made and the more general themes they reflect, this study analyzes the dominant claims-makers identified by the media, the claims they put forth, and the proposed solutions that follow from their particular constructions of the problem. Results of this analysis illustrate the contested nature of the construction of campus sexual assault as well as the way in which competing discourses reflect features of a broader social discourse relating to crime, individualization, and the responsibilization of women to protect themselves from sexual violence.

This thesis focuses on the transformation of identities of international master students attending Örebro University along with their perception of how this experience will affect their future. A qualitative content analysis of 10 semi-structured interviews was employed to explore the topic and answer the research questions. The thesis is guided by the theoretical background that stands on the synthesis of Jenkins’ perception of identity and the identity theory, supplemented by the understanding of international students as ‘student travellers’. The analysis of respondents’ narratives revealed that all aspects of their identity were affected. International students, throughout their stay abroad, live in a certain bubble as they distance themselves from the society on one hand and identify with the international students’ group on the other, affecting their social identity. However, before a new identity is formed and while the old one is being changed, the students experience a state of limbo during which uncertainty of roles emerges. Their person identity is influenced as well due to the international experience providing an opportunity to consciously alter some aspects of personality and, furthermore, to promote their independence, open-mindedness, and awareness of other cultures. Additionally, through contact with these other cultures, the international student develops into a person of two minds – international and of the country of their origin. In regards to the students’ perception of the future, the desire to stay international, to travel and live abroad is essential in creating something of a nomad life. Moreover, the respondents considered the international experience to have a positive impact on their career through an advantageous position over others along with the acquisition of an international network.