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Validação de uma ficha clínica para a consulta de pré-natal às gestantes de risco habitual: uma proposta de enfermeirasDuque, Daniela Aparecida Almeida 28 September 2016 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2016-09-28 / O objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em adaptar uma ficha clínica para a consulta de enfermagem no pré-natal às gestantes de risco habitual na Atenção Primária à Saúde e validá-la como uma tecnologia para a consulta de enfermagem. O nível de concordância adotado para inclusão ou exclusão dos itens foi de 80% entre os especialistas que participaram da avaliação. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa metodológica com emprego da Técnica Delphi para validar o instrumento. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de amostragem não probabilística por julgamento. Os critérios de inclusão para participar da pesquisa consistiram em ser enfermeiro (a) docente e especialista em enfermagem obstétrica, grau acadêmico de Doutor, atuando em universidades públicas do país, de forma que se obteve representantes de todas as regiões, como requisito para validar o instrumento e garantir construtos compatíveis com as variâncias regionais. Foram considerados participantes os(as) enfermeiros(as) especialistas com, no mínimo, 02 anos de ensino na área de saúde da mulher, identificados através do currículo na plataforma Lattes e por meio da técnica de bola de neve (snowball). A construção da ficha clínica ocorreu após revisão minuciosa de literatura e da observação dos instrumentos recomendados pelo Centro Latino-Americano de Perinatologia Saúde da Mulher e Reprodutiva da Organização Pan Americana da Saúde/Organização Mundial da Saúde e Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. Dessa forma, estabeleceram-se as informações relevantes e definiu-se os conteúdos que passaram pelo processo de validação. A avaliação dos indicadores empíricos pelos especialistas ocorreu através de uma plataforma construída nos formulários do Google Docs, via internet. O instrumento foi submetido à validação de forma e conteúdo pelos especialistas que analisaram o grau de relevância de cada item do instrumento considerando os conceitos de clareza e pertinência/ representatividade. O painel 1 e 2 ocorreu entre os meses de fevereiro e junho de 2016. A amostra final do primeiro painel foi constituída por 18 professores doutores, porém 3 foram excluídos por não se enquadrar nos critérios de inclusão, finalizando o primeiro painel com 15 juízes. No segundo painel participaram 13 docentes dos 15 anteriores. Os dados foram tabulados com o auxílio do programa Microsoft Excel e analisados quantitativamente por meio do coeficiente de validade de conteúdo. A inclusão dos itens respeitou o cálculo do Coeficiente de Validação de Conteúdo adotado de 80% de concordância entre os especialistas e a sugestão de cada professor que, ao discordar ou solicitar a inclusão de um item, subsidiaram a sistematização do segundo painel que originou a ficha final validada. A validação da maioria dos constructos foi alcançada no primeiro painel enquanto no segundo foi realizada a validação dos itens que não atingiram o índice de 80 % na primeira fase ou que receberam sugestões para ser aprimorado na ficha clínica. Os itens que compuseram o segundo painel e as sugestões contribuíram para o delineamento das informações imprescindíveis no contexto do pré-natal e nascimento, como forma de qualificar e humanizar a assistência, além de ter potencial para reduzir a morbimortalidade materna e neonatal através de uma tecnologia proposta por enfermeiras passível de ser utilizada por outras categorias profissionais. / The objective of this research was to adapt a medical record for nursing appointments during the regular-risk prenatal according to the Primary Healthcare and validate it as a technology for nursing appointments. The agreement level chosen for the inclusion or exclusion of the items was 80% between the experts that have participated of the study. It was a methodological research that has applied the Delphi Technique to validate the instrument. The data collection occurred through Judgmental Sampling. According to the inclusion criteria adopted, the participant of the study should be a nurse specialized in obstetrical nursing. Moreover, this specialist should be PHD who teaches in a Brazilian public university. Therefore, it was attained representatives of all regions of the country in order to validate the instrument and assure that the results would be compatible with the regional diversities. It was considered as participants the nurses with an experience of at least 02 years teaching about women healthcare. These participants were identified by their resume at the Lattes platform using the Snowball technique. The assembling of the medical record followed the rigorous review of the literature and the observation of the instruments recommended by the Latin American Center of Perinatology Women’s Health and Reproductive of the Pan American Health Organization / World’s Health Organization and Brazilian Health Ministry. As a result, the relevant information were stablished and the content that have passed by the validation process were defined. The specialists’ evaluation of the empirical indicators occurred by a platform assembled using the Google Forms, through the Internet. The specialists subjected the instrument to a form and content validation. These experts also analyzed the relevance degree of each item of the instrument; it was considered the concept, clarity and applicability/representability of the instrument. The scenery 1 and 2 of the research took place during the months of February and June of 2016. The final sample of the first scenery was composed by 18 PHD professors. However, 3 were excluded once they did not fit on the inclusion criteria. Then, the first scenery was finalized with 15 judges. Subsequently, the second scenery were attended by 13 of the 15 previous specialists. The data were tabbed using the software Microsoft Excel then; they were analyzed quantitatively by means of the Content Validity Coefficient. The inclusion of the items has respected the calculation of the Coefficient Content Validation, which has considered 80% of agreement between the experts. Furthermore, it also pondered the specialists’ suggestions, that disagreeing or requesting the inclusion of other items, assisted the systematization of the second scenery, resulting in the final validated medical record. The validation outcomes’ majority were reached at the first scenery. At the second scenery, it was performed the validation of the items which have not reached the index of 80% at the first scenery or the items that have received suggestions to be improved on the medical record. Finally, the suggestions and the items that have composed the second scenery have contributed to the delimitation of the essential information regarding the prenatal and birth context. These items contribution acts improving the quality and humanizing the nursing care. Moreover, they have the potential to reduce the neonatal and maternal morbimortality through a technology proposed by nurses that can be used by other professional categories.
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Entre o público e o privado: a construção do feminino no Brasil do oitocentos, 1827-1846Gomes, Gisele Ambrósio 26 August 2009 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2009-08-26 / Através dos periódicos da imprensa feminina que surgiram entre as décadas de 1820 e 1840 em Minas Gerais, Pernambuco e Rio de Janeiro - O Espelho Diamantino, O Mentor das Brasileiras, Espelho das Brasileiras, A Mulher do Simplício, A Filha Única da Mulher do Simplicio e A Mineira no Rio de Janeiro - a dissertação tem como objetivo geral analisar as diferentes representações do feminino no Brasil na primeira metade do século XIX. Num contexto marcado pelo fortalecimento da opinião pública e pela gestação de uma nova cultura política, a imprensa feminina favoreceu a difusão de uma educação política e moral, fortemente baseada no ideário e nos valores liberais, que acabou por legitimar a imagem feminina adequada para atuar na esfera privada e auxiliar na luta pela nação independente em construção. Tratava-se de oferecer às mulheres, portanto, os princípios necessários para exercerem os seus papéis de exemplares mães, esposas e patriotas. / Through of the journals of the women’s press that emerged in the decades between 1820 and 1840 in Minas Gerais, Pernambuco and Rio de Janeiro – O Espelho Diamantino, O Mentor das Brasileiras, Espelho das Brasileiras, A mulher do Simplicio, A Filha Unica da Mulher do Simplicio e A Mineira no Rio de Janeiro – the general thesis aims to analyze the different representations of women in Brazil in the first half of the nineteenth century. In a context marked by the strengthening of the public opinion and the gestation of a new political culture, the women’s press helped the spread of a political and moral education, strongly based on liberal ideals and values, which ultimately legitimize female image appropriate to act in privacy and help in the fight fon an independent nation in construction. It was offered to women, therefore, the necessary principles to act like mothers, wives and patriots.
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Réimaginer la nation : nationalisme africain, engagement sociopolitique et autoreprésentation chez les romancières subsahariennes / Re-imagining the nation : african nationalism, socio-political commitment and self-representation in sub-Saharan women’s novelsMoji, Polo Belina 21 November 2011 (has links)
En Afrique subsaharienne, le nationalisme « imagine » une identité nationale homogène enracinée dans la mythologie de la spécificité africaine qui représente la femme comme un symbole des racines culturelles (le trope de la « Mère Afrique »). Ce travail analyse comment la romancière subsaharienne (la femme objet culturel muet, extra-historique et apolitique) s’approprie le discours nationaliste africain (réimaginer la nation) pour définir une autre identité pour la femme. L’étude sonde l’hypothèse d’un sujet marginal qui se révèle dans des « lieux frontaliers » selon sa ressemblance et son altérité par rapport aux sujets dominants. Elle analyse la nationalité politique (citoyenneté), la nationalité culturelle (africanité), ainsi que leur enchevêtrement dans la nationalité féminine. And They Didn’t Die et Nehanda évoquent les mouvements de libération en l’Afrique du Sud et au Zimbabwe pour recontextualiser l’appartenance culturelle de la femme « pot de culture » entre la tradition de la modernité. Matins de couvre-feu et L’Ex-père de la nation révèlent la désillusion après les indépendances du Sénégal et la Côte d’Ivoire pour déstabiliser la dichotomie des espaces public et privé – un État centré sur l’homme (le « Père-de-la-nation ») et une sphère domestique féminine. Destination Biafra traite le nationalisme ethnique au Nigéria pour aborder la problématique de la nationalité au carrefour des nationalités politique et culturelle : Un Etat (espace géopolitique) définie par des frontières modernes et une Nation (« communauté imaginée ») supranationale définie par une culture précoloniale. / Nationalism in sub-Saharan Africa « imagines » a homogenous national identity embedded in the mythology of African uniqueness, which represents the woman symbol of cultural roots (the “Mother Africa “trope). This study analyses how the sub-Saharan female novelist (the woman as a mute, extra-historical and apolitical object of culture) appropriates African nationalism (re-imagines the nation) to define a new identity for African womanhood. The study tests the hypothesis that a marginal subject reveals itself in “border location” according to its similarity or difference to dominant subjects. It analyses political nationality (citizenship), cultural nationality (Africanness), and their interaction within the representation of female national identity. And They Didn’t Die and Nehanda evoke liberation movements in South Africa and Zimbabwe to recontextualise women’s cultural affiliation (the woman “pot of culture)” between tradition and modernity. Matins de couvre-feu and L’Ex-père de la nation depict the post-independence disillusionment of Senegal and the Ivory Coast to subvert the dichotomy of public and private spheres which construct a male centred State (the “Father of the Nation”) and the woman-centred “domestic” sphere. Finally, Destination Biafra highlights ethnic nationalism in Nigeria to illustrate the problematic of the intertwining of cultural and political nationalities resulting from the paradoxical construction of the African nation-state: A State (a geo-political space) defined by modern borders and a supranational nation (“imagined community”) delimited by the symbolic borders of a pre-colonial culture.
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Women’s bodies and Men’s Honour : Supporting Middle eastern migrant women who have experienced honour violenceAl, S. January 2017 (has links)
This thesis is a study of gender and honour, focusing on NGO’s who work to support women in Sweden who have escaped honour violence. The purpose of this thesis is to find out and explain how they make sense of honour and more specifically, to investigate how does Swedish authorities can help the Middle Eastern women who are victims under this tradition. My focus through this thesis will be on the data analysis, moreover, using intersectionality as an analytical tool will help to explain the intersections which lead to the honour killings. The results show that the honour violence still exists in the Swedish society as well as the Middle East, in addition, some Middle Eastern people who moved to Sweden still believe and practice the honour culture in the Swedish society. More than that, I got the answers for all the research questions which helped me to clarify the relation between honour and its intersections which helped me to know the reasons why does the Honour violence/killings can happen. The answers agree that the honour violence is connected to the shame and guilt cultures. The meaning of honour is different in different cultures. Most of the honour related cases have women as victims. The honour has many intersections, most of them related to virginity, homosexuality, out marriage relations and rape. The Swedish organisations offer help for the victims of honour. More than that, reading my thesis will give the reader the understanding of the phenomena of Honour, its intersections and how it does exist in the Middle Eastern culture and its old traditions. / Gender Studies
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Rupturing the World of Elite Athletics: A Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis of the Suspension of the 2011 IAAF Regulations on HyperandrogenismBrowning, Ella 07 July 2016 (has links)
In 2011 the International Association of Athletic Federations (IAAF) published the Regulations on Hyperandrogenism, a health policy banning female athletes from track and field competition if their natural levels of testosterone were found to be higher than those of most female athletes. In 2014, Dutee Chand, a sprinter from India, was banned from competition based on these regulations. She appealed her ban in the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) and as a result the 2011 IAAF Hyperandrogenism Regulations were suspended for two years. The issues at stake in the suspension of these regulations are, at their core, rhetorical issues related to health and medical technical communication: how information about health and medicine is communicated to stakeholders, the ethics of such communication, and the implications of such communication. They are also issues related to the medical regulation of sex and gender: Chand’s case is the latest in a history of sex verification testing of elite female athletes that began well before 2011. In this study I use feminist critical discourse analysis methods within the computer assisted qualitative analysis software program NVivo to analyze the 2011 IAAF Hyperandrogenism Regulations and the transcript of the CAS Award that suspended them. I argue that the 2011 IAAF Regulations and the CAS Award are an example of what I describe as a closed, Foucauldian system, which is not open to outside voices, stakeholders, expertise, or evidence. I also argue for the use of a heuristic alongside a feminist technical communication perspective on health and medical rhetorics that technical communicators might use to insert themselves into closed Foucauldian systems such as this one in order to enact positive change.
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The development of a woman’s health handbook in the Western CapeMkosi, M.S. Kirstie Rendall January 2010 (has links)
Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / Background:The Project reported on in this thesis took place between 2003 and 2006 and focused on the problem of high rates of low birth weight in the West Coast /Winelands area of the Western Cape Province, South Africa. A 32 page
woman’s health handbook (WHH) was developed and field-tested using a
participatory action research approach. The purpose of the WHH was to provide a health promotion tool that would increase the likelihood of satisfactory birth outcomes in future by: improving the continuity of care for women, especially in pregnancy; improving the interaction between health service providers and women during health consultations; and enabling women to improve their broader health literacy.Methods:The Project used both qualitative and quantitative methods and was carried out in three phases following steps in strategic communication development: situational and audience analysis; strategic design and development; and,field testing. The process involved three levels of stakeholders, or audiences: primary (women working on farms); secondary (local health service providers); tertiary (regional and provincial health department officials).Phase I began with a situational analysis of the two research sites in 2003 - Vredendal and Stellenbosch areas. Data was collected through key informant interviews, secondary data and general observations. The information on the two sub-districts was summarised. In order to understand the lifestyle and contextual issues facing the primary audience focus group discussions and key informant interviews with all three levels of the audience were carried out in 2004. The analysis utilised an inductive approach to generate themes that integrated the information from all sources and a framework for understanding substance use was developed. Ideas for the format and contents of the WHH were collected utilising the same methods and were summarised into
categories.Phase II utilised the findings of Phase I to develop the first version of the
WHH. This was pre-tested with all levels of the audience in individual interviews or focus groups to assess its accessibility, contents and appropriateness. The findings were used to prepare the second version of the WHH for Phase III.In Phase III the second version of the WHH was tested by recruiting a cohort of 103 participants who were utilising the antenatal clinic services in the two sites in 2005. A pre- and post-intervention questionnaire was used to collect qualitative and quantitative data to characterise the participants and, assess if the WHH that was given to them to keep had influenced their health knowledge and substance use behaviour. Analysis included simple frequencies, and a comparison of key outcome measures from the pre- and post-intervention questionnaires. Secondary level audience representatives were also interviewed, and content analysis carried out to identify theirperceptions of the WHH and any potential barriers to its future use in the
clinics. A final version of the WHH was developed and 10 000 copies made
available through a resource centre. The dissemination of a batch of the final
version was followed up in 2006.Results:The first phase identified the extent to which environmental and health-related behaviour contributed to low birth weight, as well as, other negative consequences in the lives of the primary audience. Important factors noted included the resource poor and stressful environment in which farm-based women live and work, and the high rates of women smoking cigarettes and drinking alcohol in general, and through pregnancy.A first version of the WHH was developed and pre-tested in the second phase by applying principles of designing health education materials for audiences with mid to low literacy levels. Results from this stage led to the development of the second version of the WHH.Although the evaluation of the second version of the WHH did not show any
significant change in the health knowledge of the participants on the pre- and
post-test analysis, there was a reduction in the use of alcohol, and very positive feedback on utilisation issues from all audiences. There was widespread dissemination of the final version of the WHH, however, neither the provincial nor the regional health authorities had incorporated it into their annual health promotion plan or budget.Conclusion:The participatory action research approach in the development of the WHH ensured that the form and contents was appropriate for most of the primary audience and that the secondary and tertiary audiences were supportive of its potential to positively women’s health in the region in the future. The main factors that limited the impact of the WHH include the need for the health service providers to consistently practice interactive health consultations using the WHH, and the need for the reproduction and dissemination of the WHH to
be led by the provincial health department.It is recommended that brief training of health service workers is required in order to ensure that the final version of the WHH is utilised to its full potential and, that the provincial and regional health authorities devise a reproduction and dissemination plan to ensure that all women using the public health services receive their own copy of the WHH.
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Patriarchal structures, a hindrance to women's rightsBaloyi, Magezi Elijah 27 May 2008 (has links)
The research is focusing on understanding the problems that are caused by the patriarchal set-up and which become stumbling blocks for the rights of women in the church and society. The research is done by application of the liberation theology from the reality of the experiences of the oppressed women. The research will: - Use the practical case studies as an experience of the victimized society in order to understand their pain and need. - Study the biblical passages that helps to understand more about how men and women are expected to relate to each other by God. - Study the African traditional understanding about how men and women should relate to each other. - Give guidelines on how men and women can be equal participants for the kingdom of God, without undermining the rights of women and the biblical message on the view of women. Liberation theology pioneered by James Cone will be used pastorally and therapeutically to help the women as victims of gender oppression both in the church and in the society. / Thesis (PhD (Practical Theology))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Practical Theology / unrestricted
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Being positive: women living with HIV and AIDS in British ColumbiaHoward, Carol H. 05 1900 (has links)
The following study is a phenomenological inquiry into five white, middle classwomen's experiences living with HIV and AIDS in British Columbia. The purpose, rather than describing AIDS as a medical phenomenon, is to document how being diagnosed HIV positive has affected the women's lives, health, relationships and livelihoods. A context for the women's stories is provided through a critical review of the biomedical model, as well as biomedical and community organizing perspectives on women and AIDS. Mostly verbatim accounts drawn from taped interviews conducted with the five women describes their lives with HIV and AIDS. Experiences surrounding their diagnosis, sources of information about their illness, strategies for coping, management of health, and management of personal and social identities are the themes explored. The women's participation, the role of the researcher, and the work produced are considered parts of an interactive process, demonstrating shared authority between the researcher and participants in the ethnographic process. Documentation of the women's experiences
leads to a discussion of the ways in which they successfully manage and control their own health care and well being within the context of larger social forces of sexism, medical bias and stigma. The women are given the last word in the study. In conclusion, a review oftheir situations three years after their initial interviews contributes a significant emotional and descriptive time-depth to the study. / Arts, Faculty of / Sociology, Department of / Graduate
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CompositionsMuyco, Maria Christine 05 1900 (has links)
The succeeding pages contain scores of my music—Passage to Kublb, Dalamhati ni Osang, Pintig,
and Talibun-ag.
"Passage to kublb" , for large orchestra, is a travelogue. Using a certain number of intervals, the
instruments go through a journey, signifying life's constant changes and ceaseless motion. Melodic and
rhythmic motives are used, fragmentation, and variation of timbral colors. "Kublb" is a fictional place; in
essence, a destination of one's life journey.
"Dalamhati ni Osang" (Lament of Osang) for a soprano, bass clarinet and marimba, is a composition
revolving around a hextatonic scale which goes through a process of change as the music progresses.
The text, written in the Filipino language, conveys the lament of a woman wanting to escape from her
sorrows as she pleads her beloved to "lull" her; thus the repeated phrase "iduyan mo, o hirang" which
means lull me or cradle me, my beloved. The woman's concept of "sleep" is an end-goal from which she
frees herself of bitter memories of the past. The nuances of the vocal lines point to some native materials
common to the Filipino "kundiman"(ballad). Use of expressive lines in legato phrasing, repeated sections
(ABA form), and in some instances, use of embellishments like the repeated grace notes. The hextatonic
scale is the composer's own material injected to some pre-formed structure already existing as in the
mentioned ballad.
"Pintig" (Pulses of Mother Earth) which was originally written for the "Elektra Women's Choir" during
a pre-Christmas choral reading is a study of tribal vocables and different vocal effects. Stomping of foot,
tapping, and other ritual sounds are employed to concoct an amalgam of primitive or earthy vista. (Note
that the recording provided with this thesis is simply a reading session of the piece).
"Talibun-ag " is a coined title from the Filipino words "tali" and "bun-ag" (bondage and birth) which if
combined literally can mean "birth of freedom". This is a music drama for a chamber ensemble (piano, alto
flute and percussions), a mono-dramatist and a choral quartet. / Arts, Faculty of / Music, School of / Graduate
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Intervenções dos enfermeiros na atenção primária à saúde para prevenção do câncer de colo de úteroOliveira, Jorge Luis Tavares de 26 June 2015 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2015-06-26 / Trata-se de uma investigação de natureza qualitativa do tipo exploratória e descritiva, cujo objeto consiste nas intervenções de enfermeiros na atenção primária à saúde para prevenção do câncer de colo de útero, embasado no Modelo de Promoção de Saúde de Nola Pender. Os objetivos da pesquisa são: identificar as intervenções realizadas pelos enfermeiros na prevenção do câncer de colo de útero na atenção primária à saúde; classificar as intervenções em comportamentais, cognitivas e sociais e analisar as intervenções realizadas pelos enfermeiros na atenção primária à saúde que podem proporcionar mudanças de comportamentos, hábitos e estilos de vida na prevenção do câncer de colo de útero e promoção da saúde. O cenário da pesquisa foram duas unidades de atenção primária à saúde, em um município da Zona da Mata Mineira. As participantes foram dezoito mulheres cadastradas e assistidas na estratégia da saúde da família das unidades de atenção primária à saúde que estavam na faixa etária de 25 a 64 anos e que foram atendidas por enfermeiros para prevenção do câncer de colo de útero. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista estruturada com aplicação de um questionário contendo questões fechadas e abertas. Foram gravadas em gravador digital e transcritas na íntegra para posterior análise das informações. Foram atendidas todas as exigências da Resolução 466/2012, do Conselho Nacional de Saúde. O processo de análise foi baseado nos pressupostos do diagrama do Modelo de Promoção da Saúde de Nola Pender. Os dados foram organizados em quatro categorias apriorísticas: Características (Comportamento Anterior e Fatores Pessoais); Comportamento Específico (Benefícios, Barreiras, Percepções e Influências); Resultado do Comportamento e Experiências Individuais e a Enfermagem na Prevenção do câncer de colo de útero: Intervenções Comportamentais, Cognitivas e Sociais. Foi possível identificar que o Modelo de Promoção da Saúde de Nola Pender é capaz de iluminar a relação entre as dificuldades, facilidades e as percepções das mulheres para a prevenção do câncer de colo de útero, assim como, apontar e reforçar as ações do enfermeiro no rastreamento do câncer de colo de útero e promoção da saúde da mulher. / This is a qualitative exploratory and descriptive research focusing nursing interventions in primary health care for cervical cancer prevention based on health promotion model proposed by Nola Pender. The aims of the research are: identify nursing interventions to prevent cervical cancer in primary health care; classify interventions in behavioral, cognitive and social levels and analyze the interventions performed by nurses in primary health care especially those that may lead to changes in behaviors, habits and lifestyles in health promotion and prevention regarding cervical cancer. Research setting was two primary health care units in a city of Zona da Mata Mineira. The participants were eighteen women enrolled and assisted in family health strategy performed at primary health care units. These women were aged 25-64 years and they were assisted by nurses focusing cervical cancer prevention. Data were collected through structured interviews with a questionnaire with open and closed questions. These interviews were recorded with digital recorder and transcribed for further analysis. All requirements of the Resolution 466/2012 from National Health Council have been met. The analysis process was based on the assumptions from the diagram of Health Promotion Model by Nola Pender. Data were organized into four a priori categories: Characteristics (Previous Behavior and Personal Factors); Specific behavior (Benefits, Barriers, Perceptions and Influences); Result of the Behavior and Individual Experiences and Nursing in the Prevention of cervical cancer: Behavioral, Cognitive and Social Interventions. It was possible to identify that Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model may clarify the relationship between difficulties, facilities and women perceptions for cervical cancer prevention. It may also indicate and enhance nursing actions in cervical cancer screening and health promotion among women.
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