Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:01:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Juares Dutra da Silva.pdf: 7930367 bytes, checksum: ac5967f5466b6087f5d3fa629bcaebac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-28 / In modern times each day challenges are created by new technologies. Education must enable citizens to master them. This work analyzes the pedagogical impact of using a virtual model (computer simulation) alternated with a physical model (experiment) created by students in an educational workshop. The alternate use of two types of resources allows students to observe not only the use of different models, but participate in its construction. This considerably reduces the difficulty in realizing that the model is only analogous to the physical phenomenon studied, therefore has limitations compared to real one. The theories of Vigotski, Piaget, Papert and the philosophical reflections Bachelard helped in formulating some working hypotheses, in action planning and analysis of data collected. It is a qualitative research that uses on a few moments the researcher‟s intervention. The results indicated that the tools created proved interesting to start students and teachers in a new mode of teaching-learning, allowing students a creative appropriation of formal knowledge. New research perspectives were thus created / Nos tempos atuais a cada dia criam-se novos desafios gerados pelo avanço tecnológico. A educação precisa habilitar o cidadão a dominar as novas tecnologias. O presente trabalho analisa o impacto pedagógico do uso de um modelo virtual (simulador computacional) alternado com um modelo físico (experimento) criado por alunos em uma oficina pedagógica. O uso alternado dos dois tipos de recursos permite que o aluno não só observe o uso de diferentes modelos, mas participe da sua construção. Isto diminui consideravelmente sua dificuldade em perceber que o modelo é apenas análogo ao fenômeno físico estudado, apresentando, portanto, limitações se comparado ao real. As teorias de Vigotsky, Piaget, Papert, e as reflexões filosóficas de Bachelard ajudaram na formulação de algumas hipóteses de trabalho, no planejamento das ações e na análise dos dados coletados. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que recorre em alguns momentos à intervenção do pesquisador. Os resultados indicaram que as ferramentas se mostraram interessantes para iniciar alunos e professores em uma nova modalidade de ensino-aprendizado, permitindo ao aluno uma apropriação criativa do conhecimento formal. Novas perspectivas de pesquisa foram, assim, criadas

Orientador: Maria do Socorro Nogueira Rangel / Banca: Samuel Jurkiewicz / Banca: Cleonice Fátima Bracciali / Resumo: O objetivo desse trabalho é apresentar o problema de coloração em grafos sob diferentes perspectivas. Caracterizamos o polinômio cromático de um grafo e enunciamos algumas de suas propriedades. Apresentamos duas formulações matemáticas para o problema de coloração de vértices e um método de solução para cada formulação. Apresentamos e discutimos propostas de atividades para o desenvolvimento de uma Oficina de Coloração para alunos do Ensino Médio e Fundamental. / Abstract: In this work the graph coloring problem was presented under di erent perspectives. We define the chromatic polynomials of a graph and describe some of its properties. Furthermore, two solution methods for the vertex coloring problem, through integer programming formulation, has been presented. We propose and discuss some activities for the development of a Workshop for students of secondary school. / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:59:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Rebeca Miranda Castillo.pdf: 943350 bytes, checksum: ce0b94356ed32746bad627cd8904e8b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-29 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The objective of the current work is to investigate the teaching activity held in the Project proposed by Government Department of Education in the State of São Paulo to schools that work full time, this Project is called Workshop Mathematical Experiences. We based our theoretical Activity Theory view of Engeström (1999) who proposes an activity system composed of the elements: subject, object, mediator artifact, rules, community and work division. We consider the teacher as the active subject working in the workshop, the mathematical subject worked is the objective, the Workshop Mathematical Experiences is the mediator artifact, the project proposal and the guideline are the rules, the students parents and the school s teachers is the community and the power of teachers decision and the others individuals at school is the work division. Based on this system we analyzed the contradiction between all these groups, with the purpose to answer our research question: How the identification of contradictions in relations between the components of an activity system developed at the Workshop Mathematical Experiences, may help us to understand its operation? So we used a qualitative approach and followed the methodology of case study, because we decided to pay attention to two teachers at a public school they teach at the Workshop Mathematical Experiences. During the data gathering we used an initial questionnaire, we watched the classes and finally we had a semi-structured interview. The data analysis showed us through the contradictions identified that the Workshop Mathematical Experiences proposal, as well as its guidelines, are known and implemented by the interviewed teachers in a superficial way, in other words, the Workshop Mathematical Experiences is not developed by them as available resources, which shows us the need to expand the work with the Workshop Mathematical Experiences in order to promote its effective carrying out and consistent with the needs of the educational scene requires / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a atividade de ensino realizada no projeto proposto pela Secretaria de Educação do Estado de São Paulo para as Escolas em Tempo Integral chamado Oficina de Experiências Matemáticas. Nos fundamentamos nos pressupostos teóricos da Teoria da Atividade na perspectiva de Engeström (1999) que propõe um sistema de atividade formado pelos elementos: sujeito, objeto, artefato mediador, regras, comunidade e divisão do trabalho. Consideramos como sujeito o professor atuante na oficina, como objeto o conteúdo matemático trabalhado, como artefato mediador a Oficina de Experiências Matemáticas, como regras a proposta e as diretrizes do projeto, como comunidade os pais dos alunos e grupo de professores da escola e como divisão do trabalho o poder de decisão do professor e demais indivíduos da instituição escolar. Com base nesse sistema analisamos as contradições geradas nas relações entre todos estes elementos, tendo em vista responder nossa questão de pesquisa: Como a identificação de contradições nas relações entre os componentes de um sistema de atividade desenvolvido na Oficina de Experiências Matemáticas, pode contribuir para entender seu funcionamento? Para isso utilizamos uma abordagem qualitativa e seguimos a metodologia de estudo de caso, já que optamos por dirigir nosso olhar para duas professoras da rede pública de ensino que lecionam na Oficina de Experiências Matemáticas. Na coleta de dados utilizamos um questionário inicial, observação das aulas e por fim uma entrevista semi-estruturada. A análise dos dados revelou-nos por meio das contradições identificadas que a proposta da Oficina de Experiências Matemáticas, bem como suas diretrizes, são conhecidas e implementadas pelas professoras entrevistadas de forma superficial, ou seja, a Oficina de Experiências Matemáticas não é desenvolvida por elas com os recursos disponíveis, o que mostra a necessidade de ampliar o trabalho com a Oficina de Experiências Matemáticas, de modo a promover sua realização efetiva e condizente com as necessidades que o cenário educacional exige

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-17T17:21:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Eduardo Lima de Sousa.pdf: 1396561 bytes, checksum: e5e6a638d3487649bffde6f8de4a6de6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-17T17:21:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Eduardo Lima de Sousa.pdf: 1396561 bytes, checksum: e5e6a638d3487649bffde6f8de4a6de6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-30 / In this work we attempted to discuss the teaching of food safety for students Course midlevel Integrated Agricultural Technician of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFAM) Campus Tabatinga. This research was divided into two stages, the first check in the Matrix Curriculum topics course on the topic title, and the second time to evaluate the process of teaching and learning through the application of a workshop for students. In the first stage were studied five plans of course Campi of IFAM , in order to verify the existence of topics that promote awareness on issues related to the topic food security , resulting in the absence of the term food security in the disciplines offered only sub themes and with different classifications and different workloads , when compared to Campi. In the second stage, to better understand the class and have better planning workshop was held a free association of words test and a questionnaire to characterize the subjects. As a diagnostic tool, we used the method of evaluation of the individual attitude of 14 subjects to analyze the process of teaching and learning with the holding of a workshop on the subject, which is consisting of application and analysis of a structured questionnaire with 23 statements using Likert Scale - a total of five points - before (Initial Test - IT ) and after ( Final Test -TF ) workshop. Analysis of the questionnaire showed that all students had increased average after the workshop and the overall average of students was 3.99 and 4.73 in the initial and final tests, respectively, which showed an increase of 0.74, the which shows that the students acquired knowledge during activity.Also held analysis of photographic images and video recording. This work is a contribution to the Agricultural Education , therefore, can be seen with the results , the evaluation process for the individual attitude of the method indicated that the analyzed students showed satisfactory performance throughout this learning process and this practice can be used by educators in this area , but when analyzing the course plans, compared the Campi of the IFAM, there is a disparity regarding the theme Food safety, a discussion for standardization , partial or total is necessary, in this regard. / Neste trabalho buscou-se discutir sobre o ensino da seguran?a alimentar para discentes do Curso T?cnico Integrado de n?vel m?dio em Agropecu?ria do Instituto Federal de Ensino, Ci?ncias e Tecnologia (IFAM) Campus Tabatinga. Esta pesquisa foi dividida em duas etapas, sendo a primeira verificar na Matriz Curricular do curso t?picos sobre o Tema t?tulo, e no segundo momento avaliar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem atrav?s da aplica??o de uma oficina para discentes. Na primeira etapa foram estudados cinco planos de curso de Campi do IFAM, com o objetivo de verificar a exist?ncia de t?picos que fomentem a percep??o para assuntos relacionados ao tema seguran?a alimentar, tendo como resultado, a aus?ncia do termo Seguran?a alimentar nas disciplinas ofertadas, apenas sub temas e com nomenclaturas distintas e cargas hor?rias diferentes, quando comparados os Campi. Na segunda etapa, para conhecer melhor a turma e ter um melhor planejamento da Oficina, foi realizado um Teste de associa??o livre de palavras e um question?rio para caracteriza??o dos sujeitos. Como instrumento diagn?stico, utilizou-se o m?todo de avalia??o de atitude do indiv?duo de 14 sujeitos para analisar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem com a realiza??o de uma oficina sobre o tema, sendo este consistindo em aplica??o e an?lise de um question?rio estruturado com 23 afirmativas utilizando Escala de Likert - totalizando cinco pontos - antes (Teste Inicial-TI) e depois (Teste Final-TF) da oficina. A an?lise do question?rio mostrou que todos os discentes tiveram aumento da m?dia ap?s a oficina e a m?dia geral dos discentes foi de 3,99 e 4,73 nos testes inicial e final, respectivamente, o que demonstrou uma evolu??o de 0,74, o que evidencia que os discentes adquiriram conhecimento durante a atividade. Al?m disso, realizou-se an?lise de imagens fotogr?ficas e videograva??o. Este trabalho ? uma contribui??o para a Educa??o Agr?cola, pois, se pode observar com os resultados obtidos, que o processo de avalia??o pelo m?todo da atitude do indiv?duo, indicaram que os discentes analisados apresentaram desempenho satisfat?rio ao longo desse processo de ensino-aprendizagem, e tal pr?tica pode ser utilizada por educadores desta ?rea, mas, quando analisado os planos de curso, quando comparados os Campi do IFAM, h? uma disparidade referente ao Tema Seguran?a alimentar, sendo necess?ria uma discuss?o para a padroniza??o, parcial ou total, neste quesito.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-31T18:10:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Sonete Moreira Lopes.pdf: 1793499 bytes, checksum: 93c3f07010f72cec5df69ede0ef3c07e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-31T18:10:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Sonete Moreira Lopes.pdf: 1793499 bytes, checksum: 93c3f07010f72cec5df69ede0ef3c07e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-28 / The present study analyzed the students perceptions of IFAM Campus Mau?s and family farmers about the access and reach of public policies for family farmers in the municipality of Mau?s, State of Amazonas. Aiming to check the effects of application of Pedagogical Workshop in the assimilation of knowledge of students of Technical Course in Agriculture of IFAM Campus Mau?s related in offer and access to public policies on family farming, and the perception of farmers on public policies for family agriculture in the municipality of Mau?s / AM. It used an extensive range of information from authors who developed studies and research in the public policy field and authors who developed studies on the family agriculture and also laws that discuss about the referred issues in Brazil. The research for being focused on education was carried out at two different moments: a group of students of the 1st year of Technical Course in Agriculture of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amazon - IFAM Campus Mau?s and a group of family farmers. Students were submitted a Pedagogical Workshop where were assessed through observation and questionnaires, on the Likert scale model, the results were statistically analyzed by Tukey averages, with 5% of significance level. The study with family farmers we used research tools based on the use of questionnaires and interviews that involved a group with several farmers selected randomly. The results indicate to the following framework: the students IFAM Campus Mau?s recognize that there is a offer of public policies, but that the farmers do not have access, requiring the Institute stands out as protagonist to become the interlocutor between public policies and family farmers; family farmers recognize the existence of offer of public policies, but allege that the misinformation, documentation requirements (of the farmer and the land they occupy) and the own culture of non-access the institutions for fear of losing their property, contribute to the precariousness of access to these benefits. It concludes, therefore, that there is an urgent necessity of insert of the IFAM Campus Mau?s in pockets, in the riverside communities and among family farmers as an inducer and guiding, clarifying and politicizing the farmers; on the other hand, the public power and promotion institutions of family farming that enable, in fact, the access of farmers to the benefits and programs intended to them. / O presente trabalho analisou a percep??o de alunos do IFAM Campus Mau?s e de agricultores familiares quanto ao acesso e ao alcance de pol?ticas p?blicas para os agricultores familiares do munic?pio de Mau?s, no Estado do Amazonas. Tendo como objetivo averiguar os efeitos da aplica??o de Oficina Pedag?gica na assimila??o de saberes dos discentes do curso T?cnico em Agropecu?ria do IFAM Campus Mau?s referente ? oferta e ao acesso de pol?ticas p?blicas na agricultura familiar e ? percep??o dos agricultores familiares sobre as pol?ticas p?blicas para a agricultura familiar no munic?pio de Mau?s/AM. Foi utilizado um leque extenso de informa??es de autores que desenvolveram estudos e pesquisas no campo de pol?ticas p?blicas e autores que desenvolveram estudos referentes ? agricultura familiar; e tamb?m foram empregadas legisla??es que versam sobre as referidas tem?ticas no Brasil. A pesquisa, por ser voltada para a educa??o, foi realizada em dois momentos distintos: um grupo de alunos do 1? ano do curso T?cnico em Agropecu?ria do Instituto Federal de Educa??o, Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Amazonas ? IFAM Campus Mau?s e um grupo de agricultores familiares. Os alunos foram submetidos a uma Oficina Pedag?gica onde foram avaliados atrav?s de observa??o e question?rios, segundo o modelo da escala de Likert, cujos resultados foram analisados estatisticamente por testes de m?dias de Tukey, com n?vel de signific?ncia de 5%. O estudo com os agricultores familiares utilizou-se de instrumentos de pesquisas com a utiliza??o de question?rios e entrevistas que envolveram um grupo com diversos agricultores familiares escolhidos de forma aleat?ria. Os resultados apontam para o seguinte quadro: os estudantes do IFAM Campus Mau?s reconhecem que existe a oferta de pol?ticas p?blicas, mas que os agricultores familiares n?o t?m acesso, sendo necess?rio que o Instituto se destaque como protagonista ao se tornar o interlocutor entre as pol?ticas p?blicas e os agricultores familiares; os agricultores familiares reconhecem a exist?ncia de oferta de pol?ticas p?blicas, mas alegam que a desinforma??o, as exig?ncias de documenta??o (do pr?prio agricultor e da terra que ocupam) e a pr?pria cultura de n?o acessarem as institui??es, por receio de perderem suas propriedades, contribuem para a precariedade do acesso a esses benef?cios. Conclui-se, portanto, que ? urgente a necessidade da inser??o do IFAM Campus Mau?s nos bols?es, nas comunidades ribeirinhas e entre os agricultores familiares como indutor e orientador, esclarecendo e politizando os agricultores; por outro lado, cabe aos poderes p?blicos e ?s institui??es de fomento da agricultura familiar que possibilitem, de fato, o acesso dos agricultores familiares aos benef?cios e programas a eles destinados.

Les objectifs de ce travail sont doubles. Le premier est la caractérisation de l’organisation technique, économique et sociale de la métallurgie du fer au sein d’un vaste ensemble géographique. Le second est de vérifier l’existence de permanences ou de ruptures chronologiques et géographiques dans ce système. Une chronologie large (450 a.C. – 100 p.C.) incluant la conquête romaine des territoires concernés permet de vérifier si les changements politiques influent sur les productions comme celle du fer. Dans un premier temps, l’étude des structures de production, ainsi que des outils et des déchets de travail du fer, fournit des éléments permettant de restituer les procédés techniques employés par les métallurgistes. Il a ainsi été possible de démontrer que certains forgerons étaient spécialisés dans la fabrication d’un panel réduit d’objets, tandis que d’autres avaient une activité beaucoup plus large. Dans un second temps, un travail sur l’organisation des espaces de production a permis de démontrer l’existence de plusieurs types d’arrangements des structures au sein des ateliers. Ces éléments, ajoutés à ceux sur les techniques de fabrication, conduisent à déterminer l’existence de lignées techniques : des personnes utilisant des structures similaires pour effectuer des productions similaires. Enfin, la réinsertion de ces données dans leur contexte social, en particulier en associant chaque production au statut du site sur laquelle elle est effectuée, démontre de fortes variations régionales et chronologiques de l’organisation du processus métallurgique sur la façade atlantique. Au début du second âge du Fer, la métallurgie est peu répandue. Elle ne produit que peu de déchets et s’effectue en contexte rural. Les quantités de métal les plus importantes sont travaillées au sein des domaines des élites. La fin de la Protohistoire est marquée par une augmentation de la quantité de fer produit et par la spécialisation toujours plus marquée des activités, démontrant une forte séparation des diverses phases de travail. De plus, la proportion de travaux de forge au sein des agglomérations augmente. Autour du changement d’ère, la quantité de fer produit croît encore, de même que le nombre d’espaces de travail spécialisés. Cela atteste de la prolongation des tendances amorcées des périodes antérieures. / The objectives of this work are twofold. First, to characterize the technical, economic and social organization of iron metallurgy within a vast geographical area. Secondly, to verify the existence of permanence or chronological and geographical breaks in this system. A broad chronology (450 BC - 100 p.c.) including the Roman conquest of the territories concerned, makes it possible to verify the influence of political changes in iron production. First, the study of production structures, as well as iron working tools and waste, provides elements for restoring the technical processes used by metallurgists. It was thus possible to demonstrate that some blacksmiths were specialized in the manufacture of a reduced panel of objects, while others had a much larger activity. In a second step, work on the organisation of production spaces made it possible to demonstrate the existence of several types of structural arrangements within the workshops. These elements, added to those on manufacturing techniques, lead to the determination of the existence of technical lines: people using similar structures to carry out similar productions. Finally, the reintegration of these data into their social context, in particular by associating each production with the status of the site on which it is carried out, shows strong regional and chronological variations in the organisation of the metallurgical process on the Atlantic coast. At the beginning of the second Iron Age, metallurgy was not very widespread. It produces little waste and is carried out in a rural context. The largest quantities of metal are processed in the elite domains. The end of Protohistory is marked by an increase in the quantity of iron produced and by the ever more marked specialisation of activities, demonstrating a strong separation of the various phases of work. In addition, the amount of smithing works increase in urban areas. Around the change of era, the quantity of iron produced increased further, as did the number of specialized workspaces. This reflects the continuing trends initiated in previous periods.

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This qualitative study explored a mathematics workshop for parents and the impact on a parent’s mathematical content knowledge in rational numbers, perceptions of current instructional practices, and parental beliefs in supporting their children in learning mathematics. A 6-week parent workshop on rational numbers was offered in a rural middle school. Data sources included interviews and workshop audio transcriptions. This study concluded that a mathematics workshop supports parents in developing a conceptual understanding of rational numbers and rational number operations. Furthermore, parents recognized the importance of discourse, representation, and justification for building conceptual understanding in mathematics. Parents, who participated in the workshops, were more open to the use of standards based instructional practices for developing conceptual understanding. Parental engagement in mathematics should include discourse at home to help students justify and explain their thinking. Questions related to the teaching of non-standard procedures without building a conceptual understanding hindered many parents from completely accepting new instructional practices.

The Affordable Care Act of 2010 increased the number of patients seen in a northeast, urban trauma emergency department by 34%. This created a problem as it occurred simultaneously with a nursing shortage. Consequently, patient satisfaction scores fell below the national average benchmark. The rate patients left the emergency department without being seen was 2.6% higher than the national average and patient fall rates increased by 20%. A review of the literature to search for solutions led to the support of an hourly rounding project and an educational workshop promoting proactive nurse behaviors as a way to address the quality and safety gap. The goal of this scholarly project was to develop this evidence based, theory supported project and to conduct a formative and summative evaluation by an expert review panel in order to achieve consensus before implementation. An executive team was formed and led through the process of development of a detailed hourly rounding protocol and workshop, which will be implemented at the facility at a later time. A 10 member expert panel was formed. The panel members consented to participate in an explanatory session, to review all project materials, and to complete an anonymous 20 question survey tool. The panel also consented to review any changes made to materials as part of a summative evaluation. Descriptive analysis of the formative data demonstrated a 90% overall agreement that the workshop was comprehensive and covered key concepts within 5 categories. Minor requested revisions were made in response to formative results. The summmative review demonstrated 100% consensus on the revisions. This project will bring about social change by engaging nurses in proactively caring for patients in a safe and efficient manner.

Cette recherche en didactique des langues se propose d’analyser les expériences langagières attachées à un corpus d’ateliers conduits dans divers contextes d’apprentissage ou d’appropriation du français comme langue étrangère. Renvoyant notamment à l’écriture créative, à la poésie orale, au slam ou encore au théâtre, ces pratiques langagières ont en commun d’« essayer dire » (S. Beckett) en langue étrangère. L’étude ciblée des dimensions expérientielles de ces ateliers du dire permet leur conceptualisation comme essais de subjectivation en langue française. En tant qu’atelier du langage, chaque atelier du dire met à profit la situation des participants en montant en continu leur activité langagière et nombre d’historicités qui s’y rapportent (culture langagière, plurilinguisme, littératures, didactiques). Comme atelier du sujet plurilingue, l’atelier du dire programme un parcours relationnel avec des œuvres de langage exemplaires en termes d’intensité énonciative : la transsubjectivité littéraire est mise au service d’un projet de faire langage arrimé à une dynamique réénonciative. Comme atelier de la voix, l’atelier du dire engage les participants dans des essais de voix ordinaires qui ne relèvent pas seulement d’une création disciplinaire. Dans cette perspective, de tels ateliers en langue(s) étrangère(s) constituent un levier critique des injonctions à communiquer/agir adressées aux acteurs sociaux, notamment en produisant des continuités notionnelles/expérientielles fortes : apprentissage-subjectivation, langues-langage, corps-langage, écriture-oralité. Le faire atelier spécifique de l’atelier du dire ne constitue pas seulement un apport pour une didactique des langues avec les arts du langage, il ouvre aussi et surtout des pistes de recherche pour nourrir la formation des enseignants de FLE en termes de répertoire expérientiel, de gestualité tactique et d’expertise vocale. / This research in teaching and learning French as a foreign language aims to analyze the practices of a body of workshops recently conducted in various contexts of acquisition or learning. Whether these language experiences refer to creative writing, slam poetry or drama, what they have in common is to "try say" – to quote S. Beckett – in a foreign language. The targeted analysis of three experiential dimensions allows us to bring to light a conceptualization of these “speech workshops” as tests of subjectivation in French. As a "language workshop", every workshop seeks to take advantage of the participants' situation to reinforce their language activity and the many related historicities (language cultures, multilingualism, literatures, education). As "workshop of the multilingual subject", the “speech workshop” programmes a relational path with literary works of language which are exemplary in terms of enunciative intensity. As a "workshop of the voice", the “speech workshop” engages precisely the participants in ordinary “tests of voice” that are not necessarily part of an artistic creation. In this perspective, by producing and guaranteeing strong notional/experiential continuities (learning-subjectivation, literacy-orality, etc.), such workshops in foreign languages would constitute a critical lever of the injunctions to communicate or to act addressed to the social actors. Their specific process is not only a contribution to the teaching of French with the language arts. It also opens research leads to feed the training of teachers in terms of experiential repertoire, tactical gestures and voice expertise.