The essay attempts to analys the film Alien directed by Ridley Scott and released in 1979 to see if the film’s themes and iconography can be interpretedas metaphors forsexual violence and gender norms. investigates if the film can be used in a Swedish upper secondary EFL classroom as a basis for discussing the societal problems of sexual violence and oppressive gender norms. Methods for film analysis by Barker and Austin is applied along with the gender theories of Moi and Connell among others.

The translation of names is a topic for discussion within many fields, no less so within translation studies. Furthermore, the translation of proper names in children’s literature is a topic with on-going changes. There is a divide between those who believe that the names should be translated into proper cultural equivalent and those who believe it is time to have faith in children being able to handle foreign names. That is what this study will focus on. Approx. 15 names from seven children’s books from 1865 to 2011 were studied to conclude that there seems to be a greater faith in children’s ability to handle foreign names. Three languages were compared English, Spanish, and Swedish with the majority of the 337 names studied being kept in their original format, with spelling intact. / Översättningen av namn är ett diskussionsämne inom många områden, inte minst inom översättningsstudier. Utöver detta är översättningen av egennamn inom barnlitteratur ett ämne som är under ständig förändring. Det finns en klyfta mellan de som menar att namn borde bli översatta till sin kulturella likvärdighet och de som menar att det är på tiden att lita på att barn kan hantera främmande namn. Det är denna diskussion som kommer vara fokus för denna uppsatsen. Ca. 15 namn från sju barnböcker från 1865 till 2011 studerades för att visa att det verkar finnas en större tilltro till barns förmåga att hantera främmande namn. Tre språk jämfördes, engelska, spanska och svenska. Var utav de 337 namnen som studerades var majoriteten oförändrade i översättningarna.

Seabirds are often used as indicator species for changes in marine ecosystems due to the species visibility and sensitivity to changing conditions, such as changes in prey abundance. They often reside in habitats affected by anthropogenic impacts such as large-scale fisheries and pollution. Understanding the connection between seabirds and their surrounding environment can give us important insight about the ecology of the ocean and how anthropogenic pressures affects it. Studying feeding habits, and foraging behavior especially, is useful for understanding seabird´s responses to changing environments. Feeding studies are commonly used in seabird monitoring and requires a lot of time and resources. Monitoring of seabirds are also logistically challenging, and the risk of disturbing bird colonies must be considered. It can be especially complicated when studying cliff nesting seabirds such as the common murre, Uria aalge, the study species for this thesis. Photography as a method for monitoring seabirds may limit the need of people on site, hence minimize disturbance and save time and resources. This study provides insight in whether it is a viable option to use photography instead of on-site field studies when monitoring sea birds. This was accomplished by installing cameras and monitor a feeding study at Stora Karlsö, Sweden, parallel with performing the usual monitoring in the field. This thesis makes it clear that a camera study very well could replace the field study without any larger concerns, although, improvements need to be considered if the study is to maintain a high quality and for results to be reliable.

This work is the result of evaluating a novel strategy for the purification of recombinant His-tagged proteins. Proteins purified in this study were the E. coli translational proteins IF-3, RF-1, and RFF. The study aimed to analyse the potential of using Bio-Works WorkBeads™40 TREN, a multimodal anion ion exchange chromatography resin, as a pretreatment step upstream an immobilized metal ion chromatography (IMAC) resin to enhance performance efficiency of His-tagged protein purification. The method demonstrated here shows potential for anyone seeking to increase the purity of His-tagged protein purification or to introduce an effective purification procedure by replacing a polishing step downstream IMAC with WorkBeads 40 TREN upstream IMAC. The latter contributing to guard the IMAC column from heavy bioburden. This study showed that running WorkBeads 40 TREN prior IMAC captures impurities and removes 97-98 % more dsDNA compared to direct IMAC. WorkBeads 40 TREN is therefore highly advantageous to include early in a purification process to remove protein binding DNA fragments. Moreover, WorkBeads 40 TREN increases purity in the final product by capturing more host cell proteins than when running direct IMAC. This concept is general and WorkBeads 40 TREN could be used upstream a variety of resins such as Protein A and RPC.

Structural steel is one of the main building materials used commercial. Its strength is its formality and high yield strength which allows less material overall. Steel is often divided into steel grades such as S275, S355, S420 and so forth. The purpose of this thesis is to look at the strength and weaknesses of the different steel grades and how the area gets effected by higher steel grades. This is done by looking at a real life project where only S355 is used and optimizing for S355, S420 and S460. This is done to shred some light on how much of an improvement the upgrade of steel grade may allow. For each steel grade an optimized cross section is created with the goal of having the lowest area possible. The difference in area for the optimized beams will act as the benchmarking for projected reductions. This optimization is done with the help of Python and follows Eurocode. When looking at the case study, the projected weight reduction is 4,2% for S420 and 7,2% for S460 compared to S355. This reduction is higher on some beams and lower on others. The main driving force for the higher reduced beams is the possibility to utilize more than one type of load condition, example both momentand shear force. Out of the 12 beams, beam 10 have the highest reduction between S355 and S420 which land around 10%. Between S355 and S460 Beam 12 comesin at a area reduction of 14%. As the higher steel grades have a higher equivalent CO2 emission the reduction of equivalent CO2 is lower than the area reduction. The projected reduction of equivalent CO2 for a switch from S355 to S420 is 3,3% and the reduction between S355 and S460 are 5,0%

The four activities exploring, gathering, building and fighting are common across many genres of video games. Although these activities can come in many different forms such as fighting alone or in groups, against humans, beasts or fictional monsters, gathering sticks and stones to build a shelter or gathering cards to build the perfect deck, most games include at least one of these activities and some genres such as survival games include most of them. A test video game is used to allow participants to experience each activity and report discrete emotions felt during the activity. The purpose of this experiment is to find a link between each activity and a particular discrete emotion. Against our prediction, results indicate that rather than each activity being connected to a single discrete emotion, each activity leans towards either multiple positive emotions or multiple negative emotions. / De fyra aktiviteterna utforska, samla, bygga samt strida förekommer i många genrer av spel. Även om dessa aktiviteter kan visa sig i många olika former, såsom t.ex. att strida ensam eller i grupper, emot människor, djur eller fiktionella monster, samla på sig pinnar och sten för att bygga ett skydd, eller samla på sig kort för att bygga den perfekta kortleken, innehåller de flesta spel åtminstone en av dessa aktiviteter. Vissa genrer såsom överlevnadsspel innehåller de flesta av dem. Ett test spel används för att tillåta deltagare att uppleva varje aktivitet och sedan rapportera diskreta känslor de känt under aktiviteten. Syftet med detta experiment är att hitta en länk mellan varje aktivitet och en viss diskret känsla. Förvånansvärt nog indikerar inte resultaten att inte att varje aktivitet är kopplad till en viss diskret känsla, men snarare att varje aktivitet lutar mot antingen ett flertal positiva känslor eller ett flertal negativa känslor.

Game developers often find themselves coming up with ideas along the production period of a game varying in size and may go unnoticed or seem insignificant to the scope of the project but in the long run add up to break deadlines, budget and affect the morale and engagement of developers. In the modern game development industry agile development methods have increased in popularity allowing flexibility in the development process. This agile approach has emerged from traditional software development where waterfall development methods are common practice (Kanode and Haddad, 2009). Through in-depth interviews with developers from Sweden, Finland, and the United Kingdom this study aims to explore how feature creep is perceived by the individual developer and its effect on the day-to-day development. The ambition is to establish whether feature creeping as a phenomenon can be a useful tool for innovation and work culture. / Spelutvecklare får kontinuerligt idéer under produktionen som varierar i storlek och kan gå obemärkta eller anses meningslösa för projektets ramar och över tid och kan påverka deadline, budget, moral och engagemang hos spelutvecklare. I dagens spelindustri har agila arbetsmetoder ökat i popularitet som möjliggör flexibla utvecklingsprocesser. De agila arbetssättet har vuxit fram ur traditionell mjukvaruutveckling där vattenfallsmetoder är ofta förekommit (Kanode och Haddad, 2009). Genom ingående intervjuer med utvecklare från Sverige, Finland och Storbritannien undersöker den här studien hur feature creep upplevs av den enskilda spelutvecklaren och dess effekt på det dagliga utvecklandet i spelbranschen med en ambition att se hur fenomenet feature creep kan vara ett användbart verktyg för innovation och arbetskulturen.

The modern form of humans has thrived on the planet for the past 200.000 years. Since back then and all the way to the present we’ve had several basic, physiological human needs, one of those being that of shelter. To create constructions that may inhabit our population in both residential and commercial regards, someone must show intelligent use of all the factors required to design a building that meets and exceeds clients’ expectations. This is where the role of the architect plays in. In this role, the study seeks to find what responsibilities can be found in line with sustainability actions and providing a better future. The study has been carried out at Blaavand & Hansson A/S architectural firm, where a study has been conducted on the basis of a recently finished project with external sustainability demands: The bay dormitory in Sønderborg. Here, it is found that a profound implementation of sustainability is lacking with the potentials of implementing ideals, reviewing the current work done and the approach taken. The architect’s role in sustainability is considered somewhat complex. the complexity is derived from open roles that lead to different interpretations of responsibilities and obligations. The architect has an initial role in the industry, attaining exclusive design and decision-making mandates on all early stages of construction projects. This means that the architect is providing consultation, suggestions, and demands that may either harm or benefit the triple bottom line performance. The architect’s responsibilities fall in line with being advice-giving, consulting, spokesmen and advocates of sustainable alternatives. They have a role in being informed of what sustainable actions can be carried out and implement them as requirements, advising the client of the need to look beyond self- benefit, knowing that a holistic approach to benefit evaluation will also benefit the client. The study finds that a suitable solution for the implementation of sustainability at Blaavand & Hansson falls to the likes of implementing a holistic approach and strategy utilizing visualization tools, attaining new knowledge through education and re-evaluating current relationships with business stakeholders and customers. / Människan har levt på planeten de senaste 200,000 åren. Sedan dess och ända tills nu har vi haft flera grundläggande, fysiologiska mänskliga behov, en av dem är skydd i form av boende. För att skapa konstruktioner som kan leva upp till vår befolkning i både boende och kommersiella hänsyn, måste någon visa intelligent användning av alla de faktorer som krävs för att utforma en byggnad som uppfyller och överträffa kundernas förväntningar. Det är här arkitektens roll spelar in. Studien syftar till att hitta det ansvar som finns i linje med hållbarhetsåtgärder och skapandet av en bättre framtid. Studien har genomförts på Blaavand & Hansson A/S arkitektbyrå, där en studie har genomförts på basis av ett nyligen avslutat projekt med externa hållbarhetskrav: Hamnfrontens studentboende i Sønderborg. Här konstateras att ett djupgående genomförande av hållbarhet saknas med potential att genomföra ideal, granska det nuvarande arbetet och den strategi som vidtagits. Arkitektens roll inom hållbarhet anses vara tämligen komplicerad. Komplexiteten härleds från öppna roller som leder till olika tolkningar av ansvar och skyldigheter. Arkitekten har en första roll i branschen, att uppnå exklusiv design och beslutsfattande mandat på alla tidiga stadier av byggprojekt. Detta innebär att arkitekten ger konsultation, förslag och krav som kan antingen skada eller gynna resultatet enligt Triple Bottom Line. Arkitektens ansvar ligger i linje med att vara rådgivande, konsulterande, talesmän och förespråkare för hållbara alternativ. De har en roll i att bli informerad om vilka hållbara åtgärder som kan genomföras och implementera dem som råd till kunden om behovet av att se bortom egen nytta, i vetskap om att en helhetssyn vid utvärdering av nytta också kommer att gynna kunden. Studiens resultat påvisar att Blaavand & Hansson A/S kan integrera hållbarhet genom att utvidga deras vy i form av att applicera en helhetssyn. Sedan bör de även implementera en hållbarhetsstrategi med hjälp av visualiseringsverktyg, kunskap och omvärdering av aktuella relationer med affärsintressenter och kunder.

The purpose of this life story study was to explore the experiences of a woman high school teacher-coach and the factors that have contributed to her maintained involvement in sport leadership throughout her life. One participant took part in one timeline interview and four subsequent semi-structured interviews over several months. The resultant transcripts were analysed using a combination of narrative and thematic analysis. The findings of this study provided insight into four broad themes: passion for sport, perception of gender, personal traits, and community and belonging. This study contributes a unique, in-depth, exploration of life as a woman teacher-coach in Canada, and the facilitating factors for long term sport involvement. Future studies may explore the experiences of women volunteer coaches. / Graduate

Background. Physical activity (PA) in children and youth is a necessary behaviour for health across the lifespan. Play and leisure time PA has also been declared as a right for children under the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. Canadian levels of inactivity are highly concerning, with only 25% of children and youth aged 10-17 meeting national guidelines for PA behaviours in Canada. In 2020, COVID-19 pandemic regulations have additionally reduced the engagement of children and youth with leisure time PA. Rationale. Understanding key theoretical models of motivations and behavioural regulations for PA is necessary to developing appropriate interventions and strategies for targeting inactivity and ultimately changing PA behaviour for a healthier life. There is a gap in the literature regarding motivation for leisure time PA of children and adolescents, based on self-determination theory (SDT), and potential age and gender moderation or mediation. Objective. The purpose of this study was to investigate motivations for PA of children and youth, and any interactions between age and gender, utilizing Organismic Integration theory (OIT), a sub-theory of SDT. Design. The study was a cross-sectional design. Participants. Participants were children and youth aged 11-14 years, living in Canada at the time of questionnaire completion. The questionnaire was distributed from April 2020 to August 2020, and COVID-19 pandemic restrictions were in place during this period. Methods. Motivations and regulations were assessed online using the Behavioural Regulations in Exercise Questionnaire version 3 (BREQ-3) and PA was assessed using the Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (LTEQ). Results. Higher levels of PA intensity were correlated with more autonomous forms of regulations and motivation, whereas lower levels of PA intensity were not significantly correlated with more controlled forms of motivation. No BREQ-3 variables predicted PA intensity after controlling for age and gender, therefore mediation analysis was not completed. Gender moderated the relationship between integrated regulation and PA, explaining 7-8% of the variance. Males had significant prediction from integrated regulation (ß= 5.80, p<.01), whereas females did not (ß= 1.34, p=.210). Sub-analyses revealed no BREQ-3 variables significantly predicted different levels of strenuous or moderate PA, yet greater scores of the relative autonomy index (RAI), a general measure of autonomous motivation, predicted higher levels of PA intensity. Conclusion. The study supported some facets of SDT theory. Autonomous forms of motivation correlated with higher levels of PA behaviour, and a generalized measure of autonomous motivation predicted PA intensity levels. However, controlled forms of motivation did not predict lower levels of PA intensity, which is not consistent with theory but somewhat consistent with empirical findings. Gender was the key predictor of PA outcomes, indicating other variables beyond motivation and regulations should be further explored regarding children and youth’s motivations for leisure time PA, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. / Graduate / 2022-03-04