<p>How a speaker can use their posture, gesture, facial expression and voice to create a strong ethos, pistis and sense of trustworthiness is, in this paper, associated with charisma (the power of leadership or authority).</p><p>Verbal and nonverbal expressions from three particular speeches by Martin Luther King, John F Kennedy and Bill Clinton have been analyzed in depth. The results show that patos as well as strong nonverbal expression are factors in inspiring devotion or creating enthusiasm. Personal magnetism and radiance is also found to develop through figures of speech and rhetorical devices, including metaphors. Results show that facial expressions, pitch and other prosodic information are not always consciously taken in. Nevertheless, it is questioned whether such information can affect the ethos and pistis developed. This kind of subconscious infliction can be made visible by modern technical equipment. By identifying relevant para- and extralinguistic signals (so called ‘charismatic behaviors’ e.g. intense eyecontact) we can more easily understand why some people affect us greatly, while others go unnoticed.</p>

Depuis 50 ans, une évolution permanente de l’interaction homme-machine a permis qu’aujourd’hui, nous tendions vers des systèmes temps réel proposant une interaction simple et intuitive à l’utilisateur et s’adaptant automatiquement à l’activité observée et interprétée. L’utilisateur peut dorénavant interagir avec un système informatique, volontairement ou de manière non consciente, par le biais de plusieurs modalités, comme il ferait dans la vie courante. Actuellement, les systèmes les plus développés sont ceux permettant à l’utilisateur d’interagir par le biais de gestuelles, qu’elles soient explicites ou implicites. Ces systèmes sont intégrés de plus en plus dans notre environnement, la plupart du temps invisibles pour nous, et s’adaptent en fonction d’un scénario qui définit les objectifs que nous devons atteindre.Plusieurs domaines d’application sont le cadre du développement de tels systèmes, comme celui du jeu vidéo ou encore de la surveillance vidéo. Nous proposons, dans ces travaux de thèse, l’architecture d’un système interactif, sur lequel s’exécute une application scénarisée de type jeu vidéo. L’interactivité est alimentée par les gestuelles du corps d’un unique utilisateur, en temps réel et de manière non invasive. Le système réagit également à divers événements prenant place au sein de la scène réelle, qui sont dus au dynamisme de cette dernière et dont l’utilisateur n’est pas directement responsable (changement d’éclairage, présence de spectateurs, etc.). L’utilisateur est immergé au sein d’un environnement virtuel qui traduit la réponse interactive du système. Ce dernier répond également, en temps réel, à l’activité observée et interprétée, de manière adaptative, adaptant à la fois sa réponse interactive et son fonctionnement global.Nos travaux se basent sur l’hypothèse que l’activité observée au sein de la scène est caractérisée par le contexte d’interaction qui l’englobe. Notre système reconnaît ainsi l’activité en modélisant le contexte d’interaction au sein duquel elle prend place. Notre contribution principale se traduit donc par l’introduction de la notion de contexte au sein des processus interactif et adaptatif. La modélisation du contexte d’interaction que nous proposons nous a servi de base pour celle du scénario d’une application. La gestion et l’analyse de ce contexte au cours de l’interactivité permettent au système d’interpréter l’activité observée et de paramétrer les différents mécanismes adaptatifs qui en découlent. L’activité est capturée et codifiée par un système étendu, adopté en accord avec le cadre industriel de cette thèse (convention CIFRE avec la société XD Productions). Initialement dédié à la capture, invasive et en milieu contrôlé, des mouvements de l’utilisateur, nos travaux ont permis l’augmentation du processus vers une capture plus générale de l’activité globale,de manière non invasive et en environnement dynamique. Enfin, nous avons développé une application immergeant l’utilisateur au sein d’une simulation virtuelle d’entrainement au tennis. Par le biais d’études de cas extraites de ce scénario, nous avons implémenté les processus interactif et adaptatif prenant place entre le système et l’utilisateur. L’adaptativité du système, supportée par le scénario de l’application, est concrétisée par la mise en place de mécanismes spécifiques à tous les niveaux de l’architecture, en fonction de l’activité observée et interprétée. Nous mettons en évidence un ensemble de boucles logicielles, appelées « boucles vertueuses », générées par l’accumulation des effets d’adaptation du système et améliorant en permanence l’interactivité. Les perspectives à ces travaux de thèse concernent la normalisation et la gestion haut niveau de notre modèle de contexte, la complexification de notre scénario et l’amélioration de notre système de capture dans le cadre de nouvelles applications scénarisées. / For 50 years, human-computer interaction has evolved permanently. Nowadays, real-time systems offer the user simple and intuitive interaction and adapt automatically to the observed and interpreted activity. From now on, the user can interact with computer systems, voluntarily or unconsciously, by several modalities, as he would do it in his everyday life.Currently, the most developed systems are the ones allowing the user to interact by his explicit or implicit body language. These systems are more and more integrated in our environment, are invisible, and adapt according to the scenario that defines the objectives the user has to achieve. Several application fields are the development frameworks of such systems, like video games or video surveillance. We define in this work the architecture of an interactive system, upon which runs a scripted application such as a video game. The interactivity is fed by an only user body language, in real-time and without markers. The system reacts as well to various events taking place within the real scene. These events aredue to the scene dynamism for which the user is not directly responsible (illumination changes, spectators, etc.).The user is immersed within a virtual environment that renders the system interactive response. The system responds adaptively as well, in real-time, to the observed and interpreted activity, adapting at the same time its interactive response and its global functioning. Our work is based on the following hypothesis: the activity, observed within the scene, is characterized by the interaction context that includes it. Thus, our system recognizes the activity by modelling the interaction context within which it takes place. Our main contribution is then the introduction of the notion of context within the interactive and adaptive processes. We use our interaction context modelling to model the application scenario. The context management and analysis during the interactivity allow the system to interpret the observed activity and to configure the different adaptive mechanisms which follow it. The activity is captured and codified by an extended system, chosen according to our work industrial framework (Industrial Convention of Formation by Research – CIFRE – with XDProductions). Initially dedicated to the invasive capture of the user movements in a controlled environment, our work enhances the process towards the general capture of the global activity, without markers and within an uncontrolled environment. Finally, we have developed an application immersing the user within a virtual simulation of tennis training. Thanks to different case studies extracted from this scenario, we have implemented the interactive and adaptive processes taking place between the system and the user. The system adaptivity, supported by the application scenario, is materialized by the implementation of specific mechanisms at every level of the architecture, according to the observed and interpreted activity. We have brought to light a set of software loops, called virtuous loops, generated by the accumulation of the system adaptation effects and improving the interactivity permanently. Our work perspectives concern the formalization and the high-level management of our context model, the complexity of our scenario and the improvement of our capture systemwithin the framework of new scripted applications.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-04-24T12:28:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Lenita Ponce Mendes de Almeida.pdf: 1527151 bytes, checksum: db138be357c7cc95064dd0e1d8e43932 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-24T12:28:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lenita Ponce Mendes de Almeida.pdf: 1527151 bytes, checksum: db138be357c7cc95064dd0e1d8e43932 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-20 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Fundação São Paulo - FUNDASP / This research is part of the line of research New Technologies in Education of the Graduate Program in Education: Curriculum of the Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo. It aims to reflect on the creation of new ways in school for the integration of the body to the school curriculum in digital culture. This work focuses on the development and appropriation of the body as an important component of the education of the individual in the contemporaneity. Starting from Michel Foucault’s theory of the docile bodies and the bodymedia theory of Christine Greiner and Helena Katz, this thesis registers and narrates the search for an integration of the body with knowledge in Circus Arts classes at a private school in the city of São Paulo. The research transits and is based on the digital culture as context, as well as it articulates the use of technologies as a cultural characteristic of the student. The impact of body discoveries is recorded in the construction of social notions such as responsibility, autonomy, individual and collective limits. Simple and widely used body solutions in teaching the arts of the scene, such as turning upside down or perceiving the center of balance, the observation of one’s own corporal possibilities and the ones of the colleagues act as facilitators to work with themes such as violence, gender, socio-cultural awareness and creativity. The main results of the research were the discovery of possible ways to construct forms for the integration of the body with the school curriculum found during the observation of the Circus Arts classes, the identification of a fragmented look at the body in the national documents and the lack of awareness of the potency that such integration can have for a quality critical education / Esta pesquisa insere-se na linha de pesquisa Novas Tecnologias na Educação, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação: currículo da Pontifícia Universidade de São Paulo. Ela tem por objetivo refletir sobre a criação de novos caminhos na escola para a integração do corpo ao currículo escolar na cultura digital. Este trabalho foca o desenvolvimento e a apropriação do corpo como um importante componente da formação do indivíduo na contemporaneidade. Partindo da teoria dos corpos dóceis de Michel Foucault e da teoria corpomídia de Christine Greiner e Helena Katz, esta dissertação registra e narra a busca por uma integração do corpo com o conhecimento em aulas de Artes Circenses de uma escola particular da cidade de São Paulo. A pesquisa transita e fundamenta-se na cultura digital como contexto, assim como articula o uso das tecnologias como característica cultural do aluno. Registra-se o impacto das descobertas corporais na construção de noções sociais como responsabilidade, autonomia, limites individuais e coletivos. Soluções corporais simples e muito utilizadas no ensino das artes da cena, como virar de ponta cabeça ou perceber o centro de equilíbrio, a observação das próprias possibilidades corporais e a dos colegas, atuam como facilitadores para trabalhar com temas como violências, gênero, consciência sociocultural e criatividade. Os principais resultados da pesquisa foram a descoberta de possíveis veios para a construção de caminhos para a integração do corpo com o currículo escolar encontrados durante a observação das aulas de Artes Circenses, a identificação de um olhar fragmentado do corpo nos documentos nacionais e, ainda, a não conscientização da potência que tal integração pode ter para a educação crítica de qualidade

How a speaker can use their posture, gesture, facial expression and voice to create a strong ethos, pistis and sense of trustworthiness is, in this paper, associated with charisma (the power of leadership or authority). Verbal and nonverbal expressions from three particular speeches by Martin Luther King, John F Kennedy and Bill Clinton have been analyzed in depth. The results show that patos as well as strong nonverbal expression are factors in inspiring devotion or creating enthusiasm. Personal magnetism and radiance is also found to develop through figures of speech and rhetorical devices, including metaphors. Results show that facial expressions, pitch and other prosodic information are not always consciously taken in. Nevertheless, it is questioned whether such information can affect the ethos and pistis developed. This kind of subconscious infliction can be made visible by modern technical equipment. By identifying relevant para- and extralinguistic signals (so called ‘charismatic behaviors’ e.g. intense eyecontact) we can more easily understand why some people affect us greatly, while others go unnoticed.

本論文基於具備捕捉影像深度的RGBD影音串流裝置－Kinect感測器，在簡報場域中，作為擷取簡報者肢體動作、表情、以及語言表現模式的設備。首先我們提出在特定時段內的表現模式，可以經由大眾的評估，而具有喜歡／不喜歡的性質，我們將其分別命名為Period of Like(POL)以及Period of Dislike(POD)。論文中並以三種Kinect SDK所提供的影像特徵：動畫單元、骨架關節點、以及3D臉部頂點，輔以35位評估者所提供之評估資料，以POD/POL取出的特徵模式，分析是否具有一致性，以及是否可用於未來預測。最後將研究結果開發應用於原型程式，期許這樣的預測系統，能夠為在簡報中表現不佳而困擾的人們，提點其優劣之處，以作為後續改善之依據。 / In this thesis, we capture body movements, facial expressions, and voice data of subjects in the presentation scenario using RGBD-capable Kinect sensor. The acquired videos were accessed by a group of reviewers to indicate their preferences/aversions to the presentation style. We denote the two classes of ruling as Period of Like (POL) and Period of Dislike (POD), respectively. We then employ three types of image features, namely, animation units (AU), skeletal joints, and 3D face vertices to analyze the consistency of the evaluation result, as well as the ability to classify unseen footage based on the training data supplied by 35 evaluators. Finally, we develop a prototype program to help users to identify their strength/weakness during their presentation so that they can improve their skills accordingly.

Submitted by Glauber Assunção Moreira (glauber.a.moreira@gmail.com) on 2018-09-20T19:53:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE PATRICIA CAETANO.pdf: 8321515 bytes, checksum: fc24058d686a138b81bdf4663944c401 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marly Santos (marly@ufba.br) on 2018-09-24T17:20:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE PATRICIA CAETANO.pdf: 8321515 bytes, checksum: fc24058d686a138b81bdf4663944c401 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-24T17:20:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE PATRICIA CAETANO.pdf: 8321515 bytes, checksum: fc24058d686a138b81bdf4663944c401 (MD5) / A presente pesquisa discute conceitos e propostas metodológicas que abordam o estudo teórico e prático acerca do corpo entendendo-o enquanto matéria expressiva em constante mutação e processo de reinvenção. O objeto desta pesquisa é, portanto, o corpo e suas experiências intensivas a partir de experimentações no campo da educação somática. Para tanto o presente estudo se aproxima de duas abordagens somáticas, os Bartenieff Fundamentals™ e o Body Mind Centering™. O intuito foi perceber como estas abordagens possibilitam, a partir dos processos de desconstrução e reconstrução corpórea, aquilo que Antonin Artaud chamou corpo sem órgãos, entendendo-o não como um conceito, mas sim, como uma prática. A partir deste estudo foi possível reconhecer uma grande afinidade entre as proposições artaudianas em torno da arte e da vida e as proposições metodológicas das abordagens somáticas aqui pesquisadas. Para tanto, pesquisou-se a radicalidade da obra de Antonin Artaud e sua conseqüência no campo das artes cênicas a partir da análise de seus textos e de pensadores que contribuíram para o entendimento do corpo sem órgãos, especialmente Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari. Em seguida, foram analisadas as especificidades e características em comum, princípios e fundamentos das propostas metodológicas referentes às abordagens somáticas citadas. Tendo em vista o caráter prático-teórico deste estudo, uma pesquisa de campo foi realizada por meio de experimentações práticas das respectivas abordagens em Laboratórios, além de entrevistas com profissionais das artes cênicas envolvidos com a prática somática. Num último momento foram transversalizados os arcabouços práticos e teóricos levantados pelo presente estudo. Através dos resultados obtidos a partir deste arcabouço prático-teórico é possível afirmar que a experimentação somática dos Bartenieff Fundamentals™ e do Body Mind Centering™ no âmbito das artes cênicas entrelaça vida e arte, reconfigurando o fazer artístico em sua potência vital e a própria vida enquanto obra de arte, tal qual preconizou Antonin Artaud. / This research argues concepts and methodological proposals that approach the theoretical and practical study concerning the body understanding it while the expressive subject in constant mutation and process of reinvention. The object of this research is, therefore, the body and its intensive experiences from experiments in the field of somatic education. For this reason, the study approximates two somatic approaches, the Bartenieff Fundamentals™ and Body Mind Centering™. The aim was to perceive how these somatic approaches allow, from the processes of corporal deconstruction and reconstruction, what Antonin Artaud called body without organs, perceiving it not as a concept, but as practical one. From this study it was possible to recognize a great affinity between the artaudians propositions about art and life and the methodological proposals of somatic approaches surveyed here. To this end, we inquired the radical work of Antonin Artaud and its consequence in the field of scenic arts from the analysis of their texts and thinkers who contributed to the understanding of the body without organs, especially Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari. After that, we analyze the features and characteristics in common, principles and foundations of the methodological proposals concerning the somatic approaches that had been cited. Given the character practical-theoretician of this study, a field survey was carried out through practical trials of approaches in laboratories, as well as interviews with performing arts professionals involved with the somatic practice. At the last moment, it was interrelated the practical and theoretical frameworks raised by this study. With the results obtained from this theoretical-practical framework was possible to assert that the trial of somatic Bartenieff Fundamentals™ and Body Mind Centering™ within the performing arts weaves life and art, reconfiguring the artistic making in its vital power and life as a work of Art, like praised Antonin Artaud.

Studiens syfte är att studera lärares högläsningspraktik i årskurs 1–3 med fokus på användningen av bilder och andra modaliteter. Genom att observera sex lärare under deras högläsningstillfällen studeras hur de ger elever förutsättningar att utveckla olika kunskaper och förmågor. Den teoretiska ramen för studien är det sociokulturella perspektivet på lärande som menar att vi lär oss i en social kontext, av varandra och vår omgivning. Studien utgår även från det multimodala perspektivet på texter som innebär att själva förmedlingen av en text innehåller olika aspekter som påverkar hur budskapet tolkas. Studien visar att samtliga lärare undviker att använda sig av bilder annat än i undantagsfall. Lärarna har huvudsakligen två högläsningspraktiker möjligen beroende på två skilda syften med högläsningen. Några lärare använder inte röstregister och kroppsspråk för inlevelsefull läsning utan talar mer sakligt och bjuder ofta in eleverna till samtal. Syftet med denna högläsningspraktik kan vara att skapa förståelse, utveckla kunskaper och göra eleverna delaktiga i undervisningen. Andra lärare väljer att läsa relativt sammanhängande och använda sig av röst och kroppsspråk mer inlevelsefullt. Syftet med denna högläsningspraktik kan vara att främst ge eleverna en gemensam stund för inlevelsefull och känslomässig upplevelse.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:52:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Diego.pdf: 4039958 bytes, checksum: a5a0f8f5ab2ebef5ab4bd79d024ef54f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study draws on the possible contribution of Commedia dell Art for teachers' education. It was based on the investigation of its character's types in order to explore and expand 14 teachers' physical expression as a way to enable them to better introduce small children to theatre work. To carry out this investigation I have engaged these teachers in a workshop based on a process of appropriating and re-signifying the character's types by looking at their body language. The aim was to enlarge and extend the teachers' expressive physical repertory, in order open up alternatives for day-to-day classroom theatre work. The outcome of this workshop was a performance presented at 08 primary schools. A theoretical investigation of the role of the teacher for enlarging children's cultural capital backed this practice / Este estudo baseia-se na possível contribuição da Commedia dell&#8223;arte para a formação de professores. A partir da investigação dos personagens tipos da Commedia, busquei explorar e expandir o repertório corporal e expressivo de 14 professoras da rede de Educação Infantil do município de Florianópolis, capacitando-as a introdução do trabalho teatral com crianças. Para realizar essa investigação, desenvolvi com essas professoras uma oficina que consistia em um processo de apropriação e ressignificação de elementos da Commedia dell&#8223;arte. O resultado dessa oficina foi a criação de um espetáculo apresentado em 08 unidades da Educação Infantil desse município. Uma investigação teórica sobre o papel do professor como ampliador do capital cultural da criança serviu como base para essa prática

Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit besteht darin, den Wert der nonverbalen Ausdrucksmittel für einen erfolgreichen Kommunikationsverlauf zu verdeutlichen und aufzuzeigen, welche Rolle Geschlecht und soziale Hierarchie in der nonverbalen Kommunikation spielen und in welchem Maße sie eine Interaktion beeinflussen können. Als Untersuchungsgegenstand fungiert das nonverbale Verhalten des ecuadorianischen Präsidenten Rafael Vicente Correa Delgado, wobei der Fokus auf den Faktoren Geschlecht und soziale Hierarchie und deren Ausdruck in der nonverbalen Kommunikation liegt. Die Durchführung der Untersuchung erfolgt anhand des medial inszenierten Abbildes von Rafael Correa, das ihn in einer diskursiven Beziehung darstellt, d.h. Aufzeichnungen politischer Debatten und Interviews, die auf internationaler Ebene stattgefunden haben. Bei der Auswahl des Untersuchungsgegenstandes wird Wert auf Verschiedenheit der Konstellationen der Interaktionspartner (Status und Geschlecht) gelegt, um einen Vergleich des nonverbalen Verhaltens zu ermöglichen. Es ergeben sich für die vorliegende Arbeit folgende Hauptfragen, die es mit Hilfe der Untersuchung zu beantworten gilt: Inwieweit spiegelt das nonverbale Verhalten des ecuadorianischen Präsidenten Rafael Correa in einer Interaktion seine soziale Hierarchie wider und weist geschlechtsspezifische Züge auf? Variiert je nach sozialer Hierarchie und Geschlecht seiner Interaktionspartner das nonverbale Verhalten des ecuadorianischen Präsidenten Rafael Correa in einer Interaktion? Im Rahmen dieser Fragestellung ergeben sich ferner folgende Nebenfragen: In welcher Beziehung steht das nonverbale Verhalten des ecuadorianischen Präsidenten Rafael Correa zum verbalen Verhalten? Harmonieren diese zwei Ebenen miteinander, ergänzen sie sich oder widersprechen sie sich? Inwieweit zeigt sich die kulturelle Prägung im nonverbalen Verhalten Rafael Correas? Die Auswertung des nonverbalen Verhaltens Rafael Correas in asymmetrischer und in symmetrischer Beziehung macht deutlich, dass sowohl das Geschlecht als auch die soziale Hierarchie der Interaktionspartner Einfluss auf den Charakter und den möglichen Verlauf einer Interaktion nehmen. Anhand des Vergleichs des nonverbalen Verhaltens Correas in verschiedenen Konstellationen wird deutlich, dass das nonverbale Verhalten des Präsidenten von der sozialen Hierarchie und dem Geschlecht seiner Interaktionspartner nicht abhängig ist und somit nicht variiert. Die verbale und nonverbale Ebene ergänzen sich und weisen keine Widersprüchlichkeit auf. Es sind nur wenige kulturspezifische Verhaltensweisen des Präsidenten zu beobachten.

Current practice in language teaching based on communicative approaches emphasizes the development of language skills. Opportunities are created for students to develop their language skills through social interaction based on pair and group work. Such interaction requires the use of interpersonal skills. If students do not feel confident about their interpersonal skills, they may be reluctant to take part in communicative activities, which require social interaction. Interpersonal skills are also important if students are to use their language skills in real life situations effectively and confidently. Gender and cultural differences related to interpersonal communication may have an impact on how successful students learn a foreign language. The study explores student confidence in interpersonal skills, the role that gender may play in interpersonal relationships, and also in fostering cultural activities that are aimed at the development of interpersonal communication. Such relationships have potential implications on the teaching of a foreign language in the classroom situation. This research was conducted at a Japanese university where the researcher is a lecturer and had full access to all the resources he needed. The same research was also conducted at Chinese, Russian, and Ghanaian universities, as well as at an international school in Saudi Arabia. Data was collected using questionnaires. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative methods in order to gain an in-depth understanding of the problem, and to probe the issues involved more extensively. Quantitative data was collected by means of a questionnaire that consisted of multiple-choice questions. Qualitative data was gathered by means of open-ended questions. Questionnaire results were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The research findings indicate that some students may lack confidence in social situations where the use of interpersonal skills is neglected. This research also found that females may be more comfortable and adept in interpersonal exchanges owing to some biological and cultural reasons. Findings also indicate that cultural differences that impact on interpersonal communication situations did not entirely support the findings from the literature review, particularly concerning the use of nonverbal communication by Japanese students. Recommendations based on research findings, are given concerning the development of interpersonal skills. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Didactics and Curriculum Studies)