[pt] Esta dissertação tem como objeto de análise o livro de contos O sol na cabeça (2018) do autor carioca Geovani Martins. O estudo pretende investigar as imagens dos contos que retratam o cotidiano do Rio de Janeiro, analisando a dinâmica social da cidade, bem como a dinâmica de existência dos personagens que representam a população periférica carioca. A partir do complexo desenvolvimento das práticas governamentais que subjugam os corpos periféricos, e que exercem um tipo de poder verticalizado na forma de biopoder, assim como o executa sobre eles na forma de biopolítica, esta pesquisa busca demonstrar, a partir de O sol na cabeça (2018), como despontam através de pequenas insurgências um tipo de força que engana a submissão exercida pelo biopoder e por sua biopolítica, manifestando-se através da biopotência que se cumpre em confronto aos poderes investidos contra os corpos no trânsito da cidade. / [en] The dissertation has as object of analysis the tales book The sun on my head (2018) written by the carioca autor Geovani Martins. The study intends to investigate the images of the tales that represents the everyday of Rio de Janeiro, analysing the social dynamic of the city, as well the dynamic existence of the characters that represents the carioca peripheral population. As from the complex development of government practices that subjugates the peripheral bodies, and that exerts a type of verticalized power in the form of biopower, as execute over them a biopolitics, this researche desires demonstrate, as from The sun on my head (2018), how emerges through little insurgences a kind of force that tricks the submission exercised by the biopower and for your biopolitics, manifesting through the biopotency that carries out by the confront with the powers that are invested against the bodies in transit in the city.

[pt] A partir da escrita desta tese, proponho uma leitura do corpo que pode ser configurado seja através das narrativas ancestrais (orikis), seja através da poesia contemporânea (objeto de pesquisa desta tese). Além desta perspectiva, demarco a importância da transição entre o que é registrado pela palavra e a voz de quem a lê, transformando esta escrita poética na performance enquanto ato de leitura. Neste sentido, estes dois movimentos são atravessados ao longo desse processo de escrita pelo olhar de um corpo que passa a ser analisado a partir de duas perspectivas: a oralidade poética e a oralidade performática. A oralidade poética pode ser encontrada, em um primeiro momento, a partir da formação dos orikis (ori = cabeça, Ki = saudação), gênero abordado como umas das diversas tradições literárias da oralidade iorubá que também são fontes de pesquisa para a escrita de alguns poemas dos autores que são objetos de pesquisa desta tese. Neste caso, as obras de André Capilé e Ricardo Aleixo, ambos poetas da geração contemporânea da literatura brasileira, fornecem um vasto material para que se possa pensar no corpo configurado pela figura do contador de histórias, pela experiência do poeta e pelo corpo do texto enquanto seus aspectos formais. No entanto, o corpo e seus desdobramentos diante da oralidade performática podem analisados também a partir de um olhar semelhante ao de Diana Taylor (2013) . Neste caso, o corpo pode ser considerado a partir da perspectiva de um arquivo, buscando assim a preservação da cultura oral. O corpo passa ser então o porta voz do próprio autor enquanto escreve, mas que também aquele que também implica movimento ao ler a poesia. Deste modo, conferindo ao leitor o que Zunthor (1995) considera uma dimensão oral recomposta, na qual o corpo para se comprometer com o fazer poético precisa estar em movimento. Para isto, partirei de um diálogo com as obras de André Capilé e Ricardo Aleixo, ambos corpus deste trabalho enquanto objeto de pesquisa, e os referenciais teóricos que constituem o instrumento de análise a partir da escrita de quatro ensaios que propiciam um olhar aprofundado diante do recorte da problemática a ser apresentada. Em um primeiro ensaio ou introdução desta tese, farei uma breve apresentação sobre os conceitos de oriki, narrativa e performance para que possamos compreender, nos capítulos ou ensaios posteriores, em quais dimensões se encontram os corpos analisados e apresentados através dos poemas dos autores aqui estudados. No segundo ensaio desta tese demonstrarei como este corpo, absorvido pela figura das narrativas afrodiaspóricas, é configurado nas obras Rapace (2012), Balaio (2014), Chabu (2019), Rebute (2019) e Muimbu (2020), de André Capilé, além de atravessamentos da obra Azagaia (2021). Em um segundo momento, correspondente ao segundo capítulo ou terceiro ensaio, nos debruçarei-me sobre as obras Festim (1992), A roda do mundo (1996), Quem faz o que (1999), Trívio (2001), Máquina Zero (2004), Mundo palavreado (2013), Impossível como nunca ter tido um rosto (2016), Antiboi (2017), Extraquadros (2021) e Diário da Encruza (2022) de Ricardo Aleixo, em uma tentativa de analisar este corpo a partir de uma perspectiva da construção da performance em si. / [en] From the writing of this thesis, I propose a reading of the body that can be configured either through ancestral narratives (orikis) or through contemporary poetry (object of research of this thesis). In addition to this perspective, I demarcate the importance of the transition between what is recorded by the word and the voice of those who read it, transforming this poetic writing into performance as an act of reading. In this sense, these two movements are crossed throughout this writing process through the eyes of a body that is analyzed from two perspectives: poetic orality and performative orality. Poetic orality can be found, at first, from the formation of the orikis (ori = head, Ki = greeting), a genre approached as one of the several literary traditions of Yoruba orality that are also sources of research for the writing of some poems by the authors who are objects of research in this thesis. In this case, the works of André Capilé and Ricardo Aleixo, both poets of the contemporary generation of Brazilian literature, provide a vast material for thinking about the body configured by the figure of the storyteller, by the poet s experience and by the body of the text as its formal aspects. However, the body and its unfolding in the face of performative orality can also be analyzed from a perspective similar to that of Diana Taylor (2013). In this case, the body can be considered from the perspective of an archive, thus seeking the preservation of oral culture. The body then becomes the spokesperson of the author himself while writing, but also the one that also implies movement when reading poetry. In this way, giving the reader what Zunthor (1995) considers a recomposed oral dimension, in which the body, in order to commit itself to poetic making, needs to be in motion. To this end, I will start from a dialogue with the works of André Capilé and Ricardo Aleixo, both corpus of this work as an object of research, and the theoretical references that constitute the instrument of analysis from the writing of four essays that provide an in-depth look at the cut of the problem to be presented. In a first essay or introduction to this thesis, I will make a brief presentation on the concepts of oriki, narrative and performance so that we can understand, in the later chapters or essays, in which dimensions are the bodies analyzed and presented through the poems of the authors studied here. In a second moment, corresponding to the second chapter or third essay, I will focus on the works Festim (1992), The Wheel of the World (1996), Who Makes What (1999), Trivio (2001), Zero Machine (2004), Mundo paverreado (2013), Impossible as never to have had a face (2016), Antiboi (2017), Extraquadros (2021) and Diário da Encruza (2022) by Ricardo Aleixo, in an attempt to analyze this body from the perspective of the construction of the performance itself.

[pt] A partir do conto O cônego ou metafísica do estilo, de Machado de Assis, a presente dissertação propõe um traçado teórico em torno dos conceitos de estilo e de escrita, investigando em que medida o primeiro, se pensado à luz de outra base epistemológica que não a tradicional, é absorvido pelo segundo. Para tanto, observa-se como os conceitos em questão se comportam no interior da obra de Roland Barthes em contraponto com algumas formulações conceituais de contemporâneos desse teórico. O recurso ao pensamento barthesiano tem como objetivo principal, no entanto, ressaltar a preocupação de Machado de Assis com a escrita; preocupação essa presente, enquanto dobra teórica, em suas narrativas – espaço ficcional onde se pode rastrear o diálogo constante do romancista com a filosofia. Perseguindo essas referências fundamentais do fazer literário, passa-se, por fim, à discussão crítica da prática escritural à qual se lançaram alguns autores contemporâneos: recriar contos escolhidos do autor fluminense. / [en] Drawing from the short story The Priest or the Metaphysics of Style, by Machado de Assis, this dissertation proposes to follow a theoretical trajectory of concepts and styles of writing, investigating to what extent one, using this as another base of epistemology that s unorthodox, is absorbed by another. Such that we observe how the concepts in question operate in the work of Roland Barthes as counterpoint to some conceptual formulations of contemporaries in this school of thought. Meanwhile, Barthesian thought has as its principal tenet to reinvigorate the Machado de Assis preoccupation with the act of writing; the preoccupation is present, folded into the writing, in his stories – there is a fictional space where he can explore the eternal debate between a novelist and philosopher. Following these fundamental references to the literary craft, in the end, a critical discussion occurs on the practice of writing, from which some contemporary writers were spawned: thus they began recreating tales of the Carioca author.

Definitions of celebrity authorship and material textuality at the turn of the twenty-first century have predominantly emphasised the implicitly negative aspects of contemporary developments in the literary marketplace. Particularly prominent are arguments that the practice of authorship has become subject to homogenisation by the matrix of celebrity in which successful writers are now expected to function; and, further, that the changing nature of texts themselves and the ways in which they are marketed is eroding the implicitly superior position traditionally held by literature in the cultural marketplace. This thesis views such readings as pessimistic, and offers an alternative, seeking to formulate a new critical approach to literary value in the contemporary sphere which would appreciate notions of celebrity, populism, and digital mediation as integral and productive aspects of how literary value is formed today. Through in-depth focus on the cases of a number of unconventional contemporary American authors whose work demonstrates differing, innovative approaches to the process of authorship, this thesis exposes the ways in which contemporary, atypically ‘literary’ instances of writing can and do work within and develop beyond traditional conceptualisations of authorship and literary value. Bret Easton Ellis and Jay McInerney, largely critically considered prototypical ‘celebrity’ authors, are in the first chapter reconsidered as writers whose understanding of their position within the literary marketplace affords them a self-conscious, critical perspective on the notion of celebrity in their work and public personae. The productively self-conscious author-figure is reconsidered in the second chapter, which reads the individual and joint works of author Paul Auster and visual artist Sophie Calle as foregrounding the process of creative collaboration as uniquely illuminating and transformative within the contemporary literary sphere. The notion of dual authorship is revisited and reconceptualised in the third chapter, which considers JT LeRoy and the practice of hoax authorship, outlining how this process forces the reformulation of literary value, particularly in a contemporary setting in which authors are accountable for their work in newer, more visible ways. The final chapter expands these previously-introduced themes to consider bloggers-turned-authors, particularly Tucker Max and Julie Powell, and the impact of the merging of old and new textualities on both the orientation of the figure of the writer and the way in which value is attached to his texts by readers. Ultimately, the unconventional nature of these examples is shown to belie the universality of the representations of value they enact, contributing to a full and salient account of how literary value is determined at the beginning of the twenty-first century.

Der Effekt der Desorientierung entsteht als Resultat wiederholter Versuche der Ästhetisierung von Phänomenen, die literarästhetisch undarstellbar oder kaum darstellbar sind. Es wird daher behauptet, die Desorientierung sei mit der Entgrenzung des Sprachästhetischen verbunden. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Strategien der Entgrenzung des Ästhetischen in postmodernen Romanen zu lokalisieren und ihre wichtigsten Konsequenzen für die Lektüre zu beschreiben. Im Zentrum meiner Untersuchungen steht die sich allmählich konstituierende und sich zugleich dekonstruierende Sinnhaftigkeit der Erzählung. Literaturgeschichtlich beschränkt sich meine Untersuchung auf die Literatur der Postmoderne, weil sie als Zeitalter der radikalen Pluralisierung und Fragmentierung sowie permanenten Ästhetisierung aller kulturellen Bereiche gekennzeichnet ist. In der Entgrenzung des Ästhetischen sehe ich ein Novum, das paradigmatische Wenden in allen Geisteswissenschaften und Künsten eingeleitet hat. Analysiert wurden drei Romane: Thomas Pynchons The Crying of Lot 49, Elfriede Jelineks Lust und Witold Gombrowicz’ Kosmos. Die Romane Pynchons und Gombrowicz‘ repräsentieren eine sich erst konstituierende literarische Postmoderne. Bei Pynchon und Gombrowicz lässt sich sehr gut die schrittweise verlaufende Entgrenzung des Ästhetischen beobachten, während sie bei Jelinek einen ihrer möglichen Endzustände erreicht zu haben scheint. In den ersten Annäherungen an die von mir ausgewählten Texte konnte ich beobachten, dass sich die Desorientierung als Folge der Verdichtung von Verwirrungen (deren Zahl und/oder Art und Weise die Lektüre in erster Linie punktuell stören) konstituiert. Grob genommen konnte ich zunächst zwischen einer ontologisch und einer epistemologisch fundierten Desorientierung unterscheiden, d.h. es bleibt während der Lektüre unklar, welcher Art Entitäten die Protagonisten begegnen und/oder auf welchen Wegen sie zur Erkenntnis kommen. Die zweite wichtige Beobachtung betraf ein literarästhetisch inszeniertes Insistieren auf das Vorhandensein einer Realität/Dimension, bei gleichzeitiger explizit thematisierter Unmöglichkeit des Ausdrucks dieser Realität. Der Prozess des Desorientiert-Werdens müsste daher etwas mit der Steigerung der Ästhetisierungsintensität gemeinsam haben, d.h. mit dem Multiplizieren der (potentiell bedeutungsvollen) Beziehungen zwischen den Textkonstituenten. Womit der Leser im Endeffekt konfrontiert wird, sind unzählige Inseln inkompatibler Sinnhaftigkeiten, die rhetorischen Eruptionen. Die Perzeption des Lesers wird mit Unmengen von Signifikanten überflutet, zu denen er vergeblich nach passenden Signifikaten sucht. Die Erzählung der Ereignisse und Gestaltung der Figuren werden oft unterbrochen, gehemmt, aufgehoben, nicht zu Ende gebracht, so dass die Konstituierung der Gesamtbedeutung permanent unterlaufen wird. Obwohl alle Geschichten linear erzählt sind, scheint es unmöglich zu sein, irgendetwas in ihnen als sichere Erkenntnis zu gewinnen, da das permanente Stören des Signifikationsprozesses den Leser mit einem Minimum eines Sinns/einer Sinnhaftigkeit zurücklässt. Die Ästhetik der Desorientierung ließe sich somit als eine Ästhetik der Entdifferenzierung der Geschehensmomente, d.h. der Steigerung der Wahrscheinlichkeit ihrer Gleichwertigkeit für die Bedeutungskonstituierung beschreiben. Durch die Entdifferenzierung wird die Bedeutung zerstreut und sie kann sich hinter vielen möglichen Zeichen und Symbolen verstecken.

Thèse réalisée en cotutelle avec l’Université Charles-de-Gaulle – Lille-3 pour l'obtention du diplôme de doctorat en Langue et littérature françaises. / Cette thèse est consacrée à l’analyse de six récits parus en France dans les quinze dernières années et qui se donnent pour objet la souffrance de l’enfant : Viol de Danièle Sallenave (1997), L’Enfant éternel de Philippe Forest (1997), Le Cri du sablier de Chloé Delaume (2001), Tom est mort de Marie Darrieussecq (2007), Les Mains gamines d’Emmanuelle Pagano (2008) et Un petit viol de Ludovic Degroote (2009). Si l’enfance malheureuse est, de longue date, représentée dans la fiction romanesque, les récits qui composent le corpus de cette thèse se signalent par le déplacement singulier qu’ils opèrent dans le traitement de ce thème. Prenant acte de son caractère radicalement insensé, les auteurs de ces textes cherchent moins à rendre raison de ce scandale qu’à inventer les moyens linguistiques, stylistiques et narratifs qui permettent de l’exprimer sans en atténuer la part d’insondable et d’inouï. Tous différemment, ils cherchent à reproduire dans la matière textuelle ce vacillement de la raison, à introduire du flottement là où l’axiologie commande des jugements définitifs. Pour eux, la souffrance de l’enfant, avant d’être dénoncée, doit encore trouver les moyens d’être énoncée. Si bien que la représentation de l’enfance souffrante en vient à constituer une pierre de touche sur laquelle s’éprouvent la parole, la langue, le récit – enfin, la littérature. L’étude de ce corpus requiert de mener, dans un premier temps, des analyses minutieuses qui font appel à des outils et concepts puisés dans diverses théories et méthodes – la linguistique, la stylistique, la rhétorique, la pragmatique, la sémiotique, la narratologie –, afin de mettre en lumière les déplacements sémantiques et sémiologiques effectués par ces six auteurs sur le lexique et les modes usuels de signification. Dans l’esprit de la perspective sociocritique, le résultat de ces analyses sera ensuite projeté sur les structures actuelles de l’imaginaire social français, de manière à évaluer la pertinence épistémologique et la singularité de ces formalisations littéraires en regard des autres pratiques discursives contemporaines. / This thesis is dedicated to the analysis of six novels published in France during the last fifteen years that explore childhood suffering : Viol by Danièle Sallenave (1997), L’Enfant éternel by Philippe Forest (1997), Le Cri du sablier by Chloé Delaume (2001), Tom est mort by Marie Darrieussecq (2007), Les Mains gamines by Emmanuelle Pagano (2008) and Un petit viol by Ludovic Degroote (2009). Although the unhappy childhood has long been addressed in fiction, these novels operate a unique deflection in their treatment of the theme. While acknowledging that this scandal defies reason, the authors of these texts, rather than attempting to explain, seek to invent the linguistic, stylistic and narrative means by which to express childhood suffering, without diminishing its unfathomable nature. In diverse ways, each looks to reproduce within the text this failure of reason, to question where axiology commands definitive judgments. According to these authors, the suffering of the child, before it can be denounced, must first be announced. In this way, the treatment of this theme may be perceived as a touchstone for speech, language, narrative – literature itself. The study of this corpus first requires meticulous analyses that employ tools and concepts drawn from diverse theories and methods – linguistics, stylistics, rhetoric, pragmatics, semiotics, narratology –, in order to shed light on the semantics and semiotic displacements operated by the six authors on the lexicon and the usual modes of signification. In the spirit of the sociocritical perspective, the results of these analyses will then be projected upon the French imaginaire social for the purpose of assessing the epistemological pertinence and the uniqueness of these literary strategies in regard to other contemporary discursive practices.

本論文以「賽伯格閱讀」的方式在台灣當代小說中「讀取」三種賽伯格主體，並且展望賽伯格閱讀批判當代科技社會的可能性。賽伯格閱讀意指將文本中的人事物讀出賽伯格的意味。也就是說，賽伯格閱讀所分析的文本不必然、也不需要是容易讓人直接聯想到賽伯格理論的科幻文本，而能是更寬泛的、各種形式的文本──包括不是科幻小說的文本。重點不在於有沒有，而在於如何；不在於文本「本身」有沒有賽伯格主體的再現，而在於如何以賽伯格閱讀去讀取文本當中的賽伯格主體，並且探討該賽伯格主體如何構成，終而批判科技和特定權力位階的共謀。本論文盡量選擇科幻小說以外的文本作為分析對象，藉此挑戰「賽伯格理論通常連結到科幻文本」的刻板印象。此外，本論文也以「拼裝」這個詞彙思考混雜各種異質元素的賽伯格主體構成。本論文所提出的「義肢人」、「遊戲人」、「動物人」這三種賽伯格主體，是受哈洛威（Donna Haraway）的〈賽伯格宣言〉中「三種關鍵的界線破裂」之說所啟發。三種賽伯格主體各自對應、補充三種界線的不穩固──義肢人體現了「有機體和無機物的混淆」、遊戲人呼應「物質和非物質的曖昧不明」、動物人則為「人類和動物的難以區別」。本研究聚焦於1990年代以後的非科幻文本，並在分析其中賽伯格主體及處境時，納入身心障礙研究和生態女性主義的批判方法。本研究並非藉著後人類和賽伯格鼓吹單純地擁抱科技、宣稱人類已非人類，而是要藉著後人類和賽伯格來再次警惕科技的利弊、鼓勵各界在不同脈絡中「重新發明人類」──意即，重建一種更不具排斥性、更為寬廣的對於人的想像。 / The current study suggests that the reinvention of the human stands as a potential field for future Taiwanese literature. This thesis attempts to conceptualize the subjectivities of the posthuman even beyond the field of science fiction. This thesis labels the literary practices outside science fiction as “non-science fiction.” The focus lies on non-science fiction for two reasons. One, this study attempts to challenge the assumption in Taiwanese literature that associates the concept of the posthuman only with science fiction. Second, this study finds that the presupposed literary category of science fiction limits the imagination of cyborg- or posthuman-related subjects in Taiwanese literature. Inspired by the work of well-known cyborg theorist Donna Haraway, this study notes that non-science fiction texts present three kinds of posthuman existence. According to Haraway’s “Cyborg Manifesto,” “three crucial boundary breakdowns” make the cyborg possible. The three kinds of posthuman in this thesis correspond to Haraway’s three boundary breakdowns. The man of prosthesis corresponds to the blurred boundary between organism and non-organism, the man of video games to the physics and non-physics, and the man of animal to the humans and animals. This analysis focuses on Taiwanese non-science fiction texts from the 1990s onwards and applies concepts from disable studies and ecofeminist criticism, in addition to posthuman and cyborg theories. Situated within posthuman/cyborg studies, this thesis does not celebrate the breakdown of boundaries but points to the redefinition of the human which reduces and deconstructs hierarchal oppressions.

Depuis la fin des années 1990, une nouvelle génération d’écrivaines s’est emparée des thèmes du corps et de la sexualité. Certaines de leurs œuvres ont fait scandale pour l’impudeur qui les caractériserait, d’autres pour leur violence ou leur appartenance supposée à la pornographie. Si ces textes témoignent de changements profonds au sein de la société, ils attirent également notre attention sur leur inscription manifeste hors des catégories génériques qu’ils semblaient indiquer. Ce mémoire rend compte de la façon dont À ciel ouvert de Nelly Arcan, Baise-moi de Virginie Despentes, La brèche de Marie-Sissi Labrèche, La vie sexuelle de Catherine M. de Catherine Millet et La nouvelle pornographie de Marie Nimier traitent la thématique du corps et du sexe. La politique des corps révèle que les récits d’aujourd’hui expriment, certainement aussi fortement que dans les années 1970, la nécessité de dissoudre et de réinventer les identités sexuées. De plus, une analyse centrée sur la notion de sujet telle qu’elle s’écrit dans la relation du plaisir et du désir montre que le thème sexuel est un moyen pour les auteures d’explorer une réalité qui devient flagrante lorsque les êtres de langage se mettent à habiter leur corps. Enfin, une lecture générique souligne toute la complexité de l’utilisation de la pornographie dans les récits étudiés et s’intéresse aux stratégies de légitimation indiquant vers quelle définition de la littérature tendent les auteures. / Since the end of the 1990’s, a new generation of female writers started working on stories about the body and sexuality. Some of the narratives they develop drew attention because of the "shameless exhibitionism" they supposedly include, others because of their violence or what appears as a display of pornography. Those texts are evidence of deep changes occurring in our society, but moreover, they are interesting by their lack of respect for the literary conventions. This essay is about the way sex and body are depicted in À ciel ouvert by Nelly Arcan, Baise-moi by Virginie Despentes, La brèche by Marie-Sissi Labrèche, La vie sexuelle de Catherine M. by Catherine Millet and La nouvelle pornographie by Marie Nimier. The body is politics: it tells us that today, as much as in the 1970’s, sexual identities have to be dissolved and recreated. In addition, reading Arcan’s, Despentes’, Labrèche’s and Millet’s work while focalizing on what kind of subject is expressed via pleasure and desire shows that writing about sexuality can be a way of exploring human being when speech is useless. We will then see how the writers use pornography on a generic level and how they try and reconfigure our literary regime.

Ce mémoire porte sur les romans Ça va aller et Fleurs de crachat de Catherine Mavrikakis. Il s’appuie sur une réappropriation ambigüe de la figure d’Antigone afin d’en questionner les répercussions sur l’expression identitaire des narratrices et sur le désir prophétique qu’elles nourrissent à l’égard d’une filiation au féminin. Il est divisé en deux chapitres : le premier portant sur la façon dont se manifeste l’héritage d’Antigone ainsi que sur son inscription problématique tant dans l’histoire littéraire que dans les romans de Mavrikakis, tandis que le second s’intéresse à la manière dont y est dépassé cet héritage par le travail d’une langue excessive et le choix d’une posture « cannibale et mélancolique ». Puis, au-delà des questions de transmission, d’héritage et de filiation, nous montrerons à partir des marques laissées par un féminisme radical que c’est à la communauté des filles d’Antigone qu’est destinée la possibilité d’être (in)fidèles au tragique en portant avec violence l’espoir de réinventer le futur, certes, mais surtout de rompre avec lui. / This M.A thesis addresses the novels Ça va aller and Fleurs de crachat by Catherine Mavrikakis. It will focus on the ambiguous reappropriation of Antigone in order to question the narrators' expression of identity and the prophetic desire they envision of another future. Divided into two chapters: the first looks into the development of Antigone's heritage and its problematic entry in both literary history and the works of Mavrikakis, while the second takes an interest in the manner of transmission of this heritage through the use of excessive language and a "cannibalist and melancholic" posture. In addition to the questions of transmission, heritage and filiation, this work shows how stemming from the traces of radical feminism, Antigones' girls are destined towards the possibility of being (un)faithful to tragic fate all the while keeping a violent hope of reinventing their future, but especially of breaking through it.

Par la nature double de sa réflexion, le présent mémoire propose d'interroger, au théâtre contemporain, la violence dans le langage comme modalité de négociation avec le réel. D'abord par une fiction au dispositif épuré et à la langue poétique, la pièce de théâtre Caille-moi, puis par un essai sur la pièce de théâtre Rouge gueule d'Étienne Lepage, nous désirons mettre en lumière un langage désubjectivé (Gilles Deleuze et Félix Guattari, Pierre Ouellet) au cœur duquel la présence de l'altérité remplace une certaine aliénation. Inscrivant notre démarche à la croisée des études littéraires et théâtrales, à la suite des travaux de Marion Chénetier-Alev sur l'oralité au théâtre, nous exposons à la fois la violence faite au dispositif théâtral et aux lecteurs-spectateurs dans l'espace du théâtre rendu possible par la violence du langage. Notre réflexion se pose également dans une visée plus large, interrogeant l'inscription du théâtre in-yer-face britannique (Sarah Kane) et de ses répercussions dans le théâtre québécois contemporain, en soulignant la connaissance de la dramaturgie québécoise dont fait preuve la pièce. En ce sens, le langage inventé par le jeune dramaturge offre le contrepoint à un certain cynisme contemporain et impose un langage riche et conscient de son histoire. / Through a twofold approach, the current M.A. thesis suggests an investigation of violent language in contemporary theatre as a means of coping with reality. By proposing first the play Caille-moi and its sober scenography and subsequently an essay on Étienne Lepage’s Rouge gueule, this thesis aim to draw attention to a desubjectified language (Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, Pierre Ouellet) in which alterity replaces an undeniable alienation. At the cross road of Literature and Theatre Studies and following Marion Chénetier-Alev’s work on the oral nature of theatre, the present study wants to address violence as both a theatrical apparatus and as directed towards the readers-viewers in the space of the theatre by use of language. The reflection on the subject also expands to investigate the British In-yer-face Theatre (Sarah Kane) and its ramifications on Quebec’s contemporary theatre by demonstrating its broad knowledge as proven by the play. Consequently, the young playwright’s invented language offers a counterpoint to contemporary cynicism and imposes a rich language conscious of its history.