Aim of the study: to analyze and compare work and leisure regime of urban and rural middle-school-age students. Objectives: 1. To evaluate passive and active leisure of schoolchildren in relation with health. 2. To evaluate learning process of schoolchildren. 3. To evaluate nourishment regime of schoolchildren in relation with health. Methods: The research was conducted in October – November 2004. Anonymous questionnaire was used for the survey. The final version of the questionnaire includes 40 questions. Schoolchildren from grade 6th to grade 8th from Birzai and Kaunas took part in the survey. 310 students were questioned in total. Received survey data were converged for the statistic computer analysis. The statistic data analysis was carried out by using statistic package “SPSS 11.5”. Results: Schoolchildren from both cities usually have a feeling of not getting enough sleep in the morning (33.8% of Birzai and 52.7% of Kaunas schoolchildren). Schoolchildren from Birzai spend more time watching TV during the week than schoolchildren from Kaunas (2 hours – students from Birzai, 1 hour 45 min – those from Kaunas). Pupils are not attending sports activities (70.4% Birzai, 49.3% Kaunas) however Kaunas pupils are more active than those from Birzai (p<0.001). 15.5% of Birzai and 6.6% of Kaunas schoolchildren have never had dinner on working days. 1.9% of Birzai pupils and 4.7% of Kaunas pupils never eat supper. Conclusions: Schoolchildren from Birzai spend more time watching... [to full text]

Objective. To compare energy balance and nutrient intake of elite and non-elite school-aged gymnasts, as well as to evaluate their nutritional knowledge and eating attitude and its effect on dietary intake and practices. Methods. Demographic information, anthropometric measurements, menstrual status, sources of nutritional information, nutritional habits as well as supplement use was documented. Eating attitudes were measured by the EAT26 test and nutritional knowledge by a standardised questionnaire. Dietary intake and practices were determined with a 3-day weighed food record, while energy expenditure was measured with an Actical® accelerometer (Mini Mitter Co., Inc. Bend, OR, USA). Results. The total daily energy intake (non-elite = 6 944.37 ± 1 272.28 kJ vs. elite = 6 543.01 ± 2 570 kJ) in both groups was similar to their daily energy expenditure values (non-elite = 6 393.77 ± 1 244.19 kJ vs. elite = 6 696.09 ± 1 676.58 kJ). Elite gymnasts tended to have higher protein (21.37 vs. 15.4% total energy intake (TE), small effect size, d = 0.1) and lower fat (28.9 vs. 33.6% TE, medium effect size, d = - 0.6) intakes. More non-elite gymnasts (n = 7, 88.88%) used micronutrient supplements than elite gymnasts (n = 4, 45.45%, medium effect size, d = 0.45). Most of the gymnasts (55%) ate snacks during the day, which consisted mostly of refined carbohydrates. In the total group of gymnasts the most frequently used source of nutritional information was the coach (60%). There was no difference in nutritional knowledge between the groups (elite = 61.8% vs. non-elite = 62.8% respectively). Lastly, elite gymnasts had a practically significantly higher risk than non-elite gymnasts to follow a diet (large effect size, d = 1.32), while non-elite gymnasts exercised practically significantly more self-control over their food intake com pared to elite gymnasts (large effect size, d = - 1.03). Conclusions. South African elite gymnasts do not differ from non-elite gymnasts in terms of energy-, carbohydrate-, protein-, or fat intake. There is also no difference in energy expenditure or risk in developing an eating disorder, probably due to less competitiveness compared to other international gymnasts. / Thesis (M.Sc. (Dietetics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.

Objective. To compare energy balance and nutrient intake of elite and non-elite school-aged gymnasts, as well as to evaluate their nutritional knowledge and eating attitude and its effect on dietary intake and practices. Methods. Demographic information, anthropometric measurements, menstrual status, sources of nutritional information, nutritional habits as well as supplement use was documented. Eating attitudes were measured by the EAT26 test and nutritional knowledge by a standardised questionnaire. Dietary intake and practices were determined with a 3-day weighed food record, while energy expenditure was measured with an Actical® accelerometer (Mini Mitter Co., Inc. Bend, OR, USA). Results. The total daily energy intake (non-elite = 6 944.37 ± 1 272.28 kJ vs. elite = 6 543.01 ± 2 570 kJ) in both groups was similar to their daily energy expenditure values (non-elite = 6 393.77 ± 1 244.19 kJ vs. elite = 6 696.09 ± 1 676.58 kJ). Elite gymnasts tended to have higher protein (21.37 vs. 15.4% total energy intake (TE), small effect size, d = 0.1) and lower fat (28.9 vs. 33.6% TE, medium effect size, d = - 0.6) intakes. More non-elite gymnasts (n = 7, 88.88%) used micronutrient supplements than elite gymnasts (n = 4, 45.45%, medium effect size, d = 0.45). Most of the gymnasts (55%) ate snacks during the day, which consisted mostly of refined carbohydrates. In the total group of gymnasts the most frequently used source of nutritional information was the coach (60%). There was no difference in nutritional knowledge between the groups (elite = 61.8% vs. non-elite = 62.8% respectively). Lastly, elite gymnasts had a practically significantly higher risk than non-elite gymnasts to follow a diet (large effect size, d = 1.32), while non-elite gymnasts exercised practically significantly more self-control over their food intake com pared to elite gymnasts (large effect size, d = - 1.03). Conclusions. South African elite gymnasts do not differ from non-elite gymnasts in terms of energy-, carbohydrate-, protein-, or fat intake. There is also no difference in energy expenditure or risk in developing an eating disorder, probably due to less competitiveness compared to other international gymnasts. / Thesis (M.Sc. (Dietetics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.

Bakgrund: En ökad medveten närvaro kring måltiden och ätandet genom mindful eating har i ny forskning visat sig vara en effektiv metod för att minska en rad olika sjukdomar och hälsorelaterade problem samt bidra till gynnsamma hälsoeffekter. Trots detta finns få studier genomförda i en svensk kontext. Syfte: Undersöka och beskriva graden av mindful eating hos en grupp individer på sociala medier i förhållande till Body Mass Index och demografiska variabler. Metod: Deskriptiv tvärsnittsstudie med en kvantitativ ansats. Ett tidigare utvecklat instrument, Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ), översattes och distribuerades som en webbaserad enkätundersökning. Respondenterna rekryterades under en veckas tid genom ett snöbollsurval på det sociala nätverket Facebook. Inklusionskriterierna var att deltagarna skulle behärska det svenska språket, vara mellan 20-65 år och användare av Facebook. Urvalet bestod sammanlagt av 264 respondenter. Reslutat: Huvudresultatet visade att deltagarna generellt sett hade en god grad av mindful eating med en total MEQ-poäng på 2,82. Högst poäng hade de på underkategorin känslomässig reaktion (3,01) och lägst poäng på medvetenhet (2,55). Skillnader och samband mellan den totala graden av mindful eating och bakgrunds variablerna förekom endast för Body Mass Index (BMI). Personer med normalvikt (BMI 18,5-24,9) var markant mer medvetna än de övriga. För de olika underkategorierna och de oberoende variablerna kunde ett flertal skillnader och samband identifieras. Främst i relation till BMI, kön och ålder. Slutsats: Studien visade att graden av mindful eating främst skiljde sig i förhållande till BMI, vilket överensstämmer med tidigare studier i andra länder. Detta kan vara ett betydelsefullt resultat dels för att väcka intresset kring mindful eating och dess hälsoeffekter, dels för att mindful eating kan vara en effektiv metod för att främja goda matvanor i en svensk befolkning. / Background: An increased awareness around the meal and eating through mindful eating has in recent research proved to be an effective method for reducing a wide range of diseases and health problems and contribute to beneficial health effects. Despite this, few studies have been conducted in a Swedish context. Objective: To examine and describe the degree of mindful eating in a group individuals on social media in relation to Body Mass Index and demographic variables. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. An previously developed instrument, Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ), was translated and distributed as a web-based survey. Respondents were recruited during one week by a snowball sample on the social network Facebook. The criteria for inclusion was that the participants should master the Swedish language, be between 20-65 years and users of Facebook. The sample comprised a total of 264 respondents. Reslutat: Main results indicated that participants generally had a good degree of mindful eating, with a mean MEQ-score of 2.82. The highest score was on the subscale of emotional response (3.01) and the lowest point at the awareness (2.55). Differences and correlation between the mean mindful eating score and background variables occurred only with BMI. People with normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9) were markedly more aware than the other. For the different subscales and the demographic variables several differences and correlations were identified. Mainly in relation to BMI, gender and age. Conclusion: The study showed that the degree of mindful eating mainly differed in relation to BMI, which is consistent with previous studies in other countries. This can be a important result partly to raise awareness about mindful eating and its health effects, partly because mindful eating can be an effective method of promoting good eating habits in a Swedish population.

Darbo tikslas: nustatyti vyresnių klasių mokinių mitybos būklės ir mitybos įpročių sąsajas. Darbo uždaviniai: įvertinti Kėdainių rajono vyresnių klasių mokinių mitybos būklę; išanalizuoti mokinių mitybos įpročius; nustatyti vyresnių klasių mokinių mitybos būklės ir mitybos žinių bei įpročių sąsajas. Tyrimo metodika: Šis tyrimas yra visos Lietuvos tyrimo, koordinuojamo Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universiteto Medicinos akademijos Sveikatos tyrimų instituto Vaikų ir jaunimo sveikatos laboratorijos (vadovas prof. habl. dr. A. Zaborskis) dalis. Kėdainių rajone buvo sudaryta atsitiktinė penkių mokyklų imtis ir tyrimui pasiriktos dvi miesto bei trys kaimo mokyklos. Tėvams sutikus, buvo atlikta vienmomentinė anoniminė vyrensnių klasių mokinių apklausa (n=184). Vaikų mitybos būklė vertinta pagal tarptautinius T. Cole ir bendraautoriais kriterijus. Matematinė – statistinė analizė atlikta naudojant SSPS 15.0 for Windows programą. Proporcijų lyginimui taikytas Chi kvadrato (χ2) kriterijus, statistinė išvada laikytina patikima, kai reikšmingumo lygmuo p<0,05. Rezultatai: Tarp VII klasės mokinių vidutinis KMI buvo 19,12 (SN=3,55) kg/m2, tarp IX – 21,39 (SN=2,6) kg/m2, tarp XI – 21,42 (SN=2,52) kg/m2. Antsvoris ir nutukimas nustatytas 14,7 proc. mokinių; normalus svoris – 58,2 proc. ir 27,2 proc. respondentų buvo labai liesi ir liesi mokiniai. Statistiškai daugiau nutukusių vaikų buvo septintosiose klasėse – 6,3 proc., o devintose ir vienuoliktose klasėse nutukusių vaikų visai nebuvo (p=0,03... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the study: to identify older school children nutritional status and dietary habits links. Objectives: to evaluate nutritional status of older schoolchildren in Kėdainiai region; to analyze schoolchildren eating habits; to identify older schoolchildren nutritional status, knowledge and habits links. Methods: This is a research part of the Lithuania, coordinated by the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy of Health Research Institute of Child and Youth Health Laboratory (headed by prof. Habl. Dr. A. Zaborskis). In Kėdainiai region was drawn randomly five schools, two from city and three from village. Parental consent, than was carried out a anonymous survey of older schoolchildren (n = 184). Childrens nutritional status as measured by international T. Cole criteria. Mathematical - statistical analysis was performed using SSPS 15.0 for Windows program. Comparison of proportions applied Chi-square (χ2) test, statistical conclusions are reliable when the significance level of p <0,05. Results: Among the VII Class of schoolchildren the mean BMI was 19,12 kg/m2 (SD = 3.55), IX – 21,39 kg/m2 (SD = 2.6), XI – 21,42 kg/m2 (SD = 2 52). Overweight and obesity were 14,7 percent of children, normal weight – 58,2 percent and 27,2 percent respondents were very lean and lean. Statistically more obese children were in the sevenths classes - 6.3 percent. In the ninth and eleventh grades were not obese children (p = 0.038). By gender statistically significant... [to full text]

Darbo tikslas: išanalizuoti Lietuvos paauglių žinių ir požiūrio į mitybą sąsajas su mitybos įpročiais. Darbo uždaviniai: Išanalizuoti paauglių mitybos įpročius. Išnagrinėti paauglių žinias ir požiūrį į mitybą. Įvertinti paauglių mitybos įpročių ryšį su žiniomis ir požiūriu į mitybą. Tyrimo metodika: Iš viso buvo apklausti 3465 moksleiviai. Tyrime dalyvavo 1802 ‒ 52 proc. mergaitės ir 1663 ‒ 48,0 proc. berniukai. Imtis buvo atrenkama panaudojant atsitiktinumo principą ir taikant hierarchinės atrankos schemą. Anoniminei apklausai naudotas originalus klausimynas apie moksleivių mitybos įpročius, bei žinias ir požiūrį į mitybą. Tiriamųjų skirstinys pagal klases buvo tolygus: septintosios klasės moksleivių apklausta 1160; 33,5 procentai, devintosios – 1212; 35,0 procentai, vienuoliktosios – 1093; 31,5 procentai. Kokybinių ryšių vertinimui buvo naudojamas Chi kvadrato (χ2) kriterijus. Naudoti trys reikšmingumo lygiai, kurie buvo pažymėti taip: 0,01<p≤0,05; 0,001<p≤0,01; p≤0,001. Logistinė regresinė analizė buvo taikyta siekiant įvertinti moksleivių žinių ir požiūrio į mitybą ryšį su mitybos įpročiais atsižvelgiant į mokymosi klasę, lytį, socialinį ekonominį statusą ir gyvenamąją vietą. Rezultatai: Paauglių vaisių ir daržovių vartojimas yra nedidelis 32,5 proc., 33,5 proc. Vaisius ir daržoves vartoja dažniau mergaitės nei berniukai. Taip pat mieste gyvenantys paaugliai vaisius ir daržoves vartoja dažniau nei kaime gyvenantys paaugliai. Nesveikus maisto produktus... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the study: is to analyze the relation between the knowledge and attitude to nutrition of Lithuanian teenagers and their eating habits. The objectives of the study: to analyze the dietary habits of adolescents. To examine the knowledge and attitude of adolescents to diet. To evaluate the link between the eating habits of teenagers and their knowledge and attitude to nutrition. Research methods: total of 3465 students surveyed. The study included 1802 (52%) girls and 1663 (48.0%) boys. The sample was selected using the principle of random selection and a hierarchical scheme. The original questionnaire on students' eating habits, knowledge and attitudes to diet was used for the anonymous survey. Distribution of subjects by grade was the following: 1160 (33.5%) of the students of the seventh grade; 1212 (35.0%) of the ninth grade, 1093 (31.5%) of the eleventh grade. Chi-square (χ2) test was used for the qualitative assessment of the relation. The levels of significance used were the following: -0.01 <p ≤ 0.05; 0.001 <p ≤ 0.01; p ≤ 0.001. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess students' knowledge and attitudes to nutrition in relation with the eating habits with regard to their class, gender, socio-economic status and place of residence. Results: Adolescents‘ fruit and vegetable consumption is low (32.5% and 33.5% accordingly), girls consumed fruits and vegetables more frequently than boys. Adolescents living in the city eat fruit and vegetables more... [to full text]

Darbo tikslas: Įvertinti Lietuvos bendrojo lavinimo mokyklų moksleivių mitybos socialinius netolygumus. Darbo uždaviniai: Nustatyti moksleivių socialinę padėtį. Įvertinti moksleivių mitybos įpročius. Nustatyti ryšį tarp moksleivių maitinimosi ir jų šeimos turtingumo. Tyrimo metodika: Iš viso apklausti 3465 Lietuvos moksleiviai. Imtis atrinkta naudojant atsitiktinumo principą ir taikant hierarchinės atrankos schemą. Kintamųjų ryšiai vertinti taikant Pirsono chi kvadrato (χ2) kriterijų. Siekiant nustatyti įvairių maisto produktų vartojimo santykinį netolygumo indeksą tarp ištirtų paauglių, taikyta vienaveiksnė ir daugiaveiksnė logistinė regresinė analizė. Naudoti šie statistinio reikšmingumo lygiai: p≤0,05, p≤0,01 ir p≤0,001. Rezultatai: Lietuvos moksleivių šeimų socialinė ekonominė situacija yra nevienoda. 19,7 proc. moksleivių gyveno žemos, 38,8 proc. vidutinės ir 41,5 proc. aukštos socialinės ekonominės situacijos šeimose. Didelės dalies Lietuvos moksleivių mityba nėra sveika, nes nepakankamai dažnai vartojami vaisiai ir daržovės. Mergaitės dažniau vartojo vaisius, daržoves, saldainius ir šokoladą, o rečiau - traškučius, greito maisto produktus ir putojančius saldžius gėrimus. Vyresniųjų klasių mokiniai rečiau vartojo vaisius, tortą, pyragaičius ir sausainius, traškučius, putojančius saldžius gėrimus. Vienuoliktokai rečiausiai valgė greito maisto produktus. Gyvenantieji mieste dažniau valgė vaisius ir daržoves, bet rečiau traškučius. Socialiniai netolygumai didžiausią įtaką... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the study: Evaluate the social discrepancies between the eating habits of secondary comprehensive school students in Lithuania The objectives of the study: Identify the social status of the students examined. Assess the eating habits of students. Evaluate the relation between the eating habits of students and their socio-economic status. Methodology: 3465 Lithuanian students were interviewed during the examination. The number of recipients was chosen according to the principle of coincidence and hierarchical scheme of classification. Relations of the variables were evaluated applying the criteria of Pearson chi-square. In order to examine relative index of inequality between various products, one-act as well as multiple act logic-based depression analysis were applied. The statistical levels of significance applied were the following: p≤0,05, p≤0,01 ir p≤0,001. Results: 19,7% of students lived in the families with low, 38,8% with average and 41,5% with high social situation. The eating habits were not healthy because of low intake of fruits and vegetables. Girls ate more fruits, vegetables, sweets and chocolate but less crisps, fast food and sparkling drinks. The olders consumed less fruits, cakes, biscuits, sparkling drinks. Eleven-grade-students were the ones who ate the least fast food. More of the students who lived in cities ate fruits and vegetables, while they ate less crisps. Discrepancies within social status influenced the most on how much students ate... [to full text]

Darbo tikslas: Ištirti bendrabučiuose gyvenančių studentų galimybes sveikai maitintis ir mitybos įpročius. Uždaviniai: Palyginti studentų mitybos įpročius, atsižvelgiant į gyvenamą vietą; Išsiaiškinti bendrabučiuose gyvenančių studentų maitinimosi įpročius bei galimybę valgyti netoli esančiose viešo maitinimo įstaigose; Įvertinti Kauno miesto bendrabučiuose gyvenančių studentų galimybę ruošti maistą. Tyrimo metodika. Studentų gyvenančių bendrabutyje ir privačiame būste mitybos įpročių analizei buvo naudojami duomenys iš 2010 metų Kohortinio Europos studentų gyvensenos tyrimo. Anoniminė apklausa buvo vykdyta šešiuose Kauno miesto universitetuose Užpildytas anketas sugrąžino 1031 studentas (477 vaikinai ir 554 merginos), t.y. 81,2 proc. visų pirmakursių. Vaikinai sudarė 46,3 proc., merginos – 53,7 proc. visų tirtųjų. Studentų mitybos sąlygų anoniminė apklausa buvo vykdyta 2012-2013 metų lapkričio-kovo mėn. aštuoniuose Kauno miesto universitetuose (LSMU, KTU, ASU, LSU, VDU, VDAKF, VUKH, ISMKF) Tyrimo metu buvo apklausti n=199 pirmakursiai (84 vaikinai ir 115 merginos), vaikinai sudarė 42,2 proc., merginos 57,8 proc. neatsižvelgiant į jų mokymosi dalyką. Klausimyną sudarė klausimai apie respondentų mitybos įpročius bei subjektyvų mitybos sąlygų vertinimą bendrabučiuose ir universiteto aplinkoje. Rezultatai. Nuomojasi būstą 52,3 proc. pirmojo kurso vaikinų ir 57,2 proc. merginų. Studentai, tiek gyvenantys su tėvais (68,4 proc.), tiek bendrabutyje (69,3 proc.) teigė, kad... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Aim of the study: Investigate students eating habits and availability for healthy nutrition. Objectives: Compare students nutritional habits by comparing their place of living; Find out students nutritional habits that are living in student flats. also eat nearby catering places; Evaluate students that live in Kaunas city of students flats possibility to prepare meals. Methods. Data from 2010 Kohortinis European students living habits was used for Nutritional habits comparison by living place. Anonymous survey was conducted in six Kaunas city Universities. 1031 students returned filled questionnaires (477 males and 554 females), 81,2 percent as first year students. Males formed 46,3 percent, females - 53,7 percent. Students nutritional conditions anonymous survey was conducted November-March 2012-2013 in eight Kaunas city Universities (LSMU, KTU, ASU, LSU, VDU, VUKH, ISM). During research n=199 first year students were questioned (84 males and 115 females), males formed 42,2 percent, females 57,8 percent regardless of subject they are studying. Questionnaire was conducted from questions about respondents nutritional habits also subjective conditions nutrition evaluation in University flats and University surrounding area. Results. 52,3 percent of male and 57,2 percent female students are renting apartment. Students living with their families (68,4 percent), renting an apartment or living in a dormitory (69,3 percent) said that healthy eating is important for them... [to full text]

Thesis (MNutr)--University of Stellenbosch, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background: Eating disorders are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in adolescent and young adult women. There is some evidence that Eating disorders may be more common in Jewish females than in their non-Jewish counterparts. Individuals with abnormal attitudes as defined by the Eating Attitudes Test (26-Item version) (EAT-26) are at increased risk of developing an eating disorder. School teachers are required to take an active role in the currently favoured ecological approach to the prevention of eating disorders. Objectives: The current study sought to determine the prevalence of abnormal eating attitudes and weight loss behaviours in a Jewish female adolescent sample and to investigate school teachers’ awareness of these factors and their attitudes towards a school programme to address these. Methods: A cross-sectional study of girls in grades 8 to 11 and teachers of both genders was undertaken at a “traditional” Jewish high school in Johannesburg, South Africa. A questionnaire consisting of the EAT-26 and a modified section of the United States Youth Risk Behaviour Survey (YRBS) was completed by pupils. A questionnaire developed by the researcher for the study was completed by teachers. Results: Two hundred and twenty pupils (response rate 84.3%) and 38 teachers (52.1%) participated. Twenty percent of pupils (n=43) had EAT-26 scores greater than or equal to 20 and 30.2% were found to require clinical evaluation for a potential eating disorder Thirty two point seven percent (n=72) of girls considered themselves to be overweight. Sixty four percent (n=139) were trying to lose weight at the time of the study and 19.1% (n=42) had engaged in one or more extreme methods of weight loss (fasting, purging or non-prescribed medication) in the past 12 months. Most teachers (81.6%, n=29) underestimated the proportion of girls requiring clinical evaluation and 71.1% (n=27) underestimated the extent of current weight loss attempts. Almost all (97.3%, n=37) the teachers recognised the need to address disordered eating attitudes and patterns in the school but only 34.2% (n=13) viewed the school as the appropriate place, would be prepared to participate and would give up class time. Conclusions: This is the first study to document the presence of abnormal eating attitudes among Jewish adolescent females in South Africa. The prevalence fell within the upper end of the range of rates reported in studies of adolescent girls in South Africa and abroad. Dieting and attempts at weight loss are common in this population and are also in keeping with the findings from international studies. This is the first study to measure teachers’ awareness of the eating attitudes and weight loss behaviours of girls attending the school at which they teach. The teachers participating in this study were not fully aware of the extent to which eating-related issues affect female pupils. Over and above this, there appears to be a resistance to facilitating and participating in a school programme addressing these issues. A qualitative exploration of this could yield valuable insights. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Agtergrond: Eetstoornisse is 'n belangrike oorsaak van morbiditeit en mortaliteit in adolessente en jong volwasse vroue. Daar is bewyse dat Eetstoornisse meer algemeen mag voorkom in Joodse vroue vergeleke met hul nie-Joodse eweknieë. Individue met 'n abnormale houding soos gedefinieer deur die Eet-Houding-Toets (“Eating Attitudes Test”) (26-punt weergawe) (EAT-26) het 'n verhoogde risiko om 'n eetstoornis te ontwikkel. Daar word van onderwysers verwag om 'n aktiewe rol te speel in die ekologiese benadering om eetstoornisse te voorkom, wat tans voorkeur geniet. Doelstellings: Die huidige studie het gepoog om die voorkoms van abnormale houding en gedrag ten opsigte van eet en gewigsverlies in 'n steekproef van Joodse vroulike adolessente te bepaal, asook om ondersoek in te stel of onderwysers bewus is van hierdie faktore en hul houding teenoor 'n skoolprogram wat dit aanspreek. Metodes: 'n Dwarssnit studie van meisies in graad 8 tot 11 en onderwysers van beide geslagte was uitgevoer by 'n "tradisionele" Joodse hoërskool in Johannesburg, Suid-Afrika. 'n Vraelys bestaande uit die EAT-26 en 'n aangepasde afdeling van die “United States Youth Risk Behaviour Survey (YRBS)” is voltooi deur studente. Onderwysers het 'n vraelys voltooi wat vir die studie ontwikkel is deur die navorser. Resultate: Tweehonderd-en-twintig leerlinge (responskoers 84.3%) en 38 onderwysers (52.1%) het deelgeneem. Twintig persent van leerlinge (n=43) het EAT-26 tellings groter as of gelyk aan 20 gehad en daar was bevind dat 30.2% kliniese evaluering vir 'n potensiële eetstoornis benodig. Twee-en-dertig punt sewe persent (n=72) van meisies het hulself as oorgewig beskou. Vier-ensestig persent (n=139) het probeer om gewig te verloor ten tye van die studie en 19.1% (n=42) het betrokke geraak by een of meer ekstreme metodes van gewigsverlies (vas, purgasie of nievoorskrif medikasie) in die afgelope 12 maande. Meeste onderwysers (81.6%, n=29) onderskat die proporsie van meisies wat kliniese evaluasie benodig en 71.1% (n=27) onderskat die omvang van huidige gewigsverlies-pogings. Byna alle (97.3%, n=37) onderwysers het die behoefte erken dat versteurde houdings en eetpatrone aangespreek moet word, maar slegs 34,2% (n=13) beskou die skool as die geskikte plek daarvoor en sal bereid wees om deel te neem en klastyd af te staan. Gevolgtrekkings: Die teenwoordigheid van abnormale houding teenoor eet onder Joodse vroulike adolessente in Suid-Afrika word vir die eerste keer in hierdie studie gedokumenteer. Die prevalensie val binne die boonste deel van die reikwydte van koerse wat gerapporteer is in studies oor adolessente meisies in Suid-Afrika en die buiteland. Dieet en pogings tot gewigsverlies is algemeen in hierdie populasie en stem ook ooreen met die bevindinge van internasionale studies. Dit is die eerste studie wat onderwysers se bewustheid meet ten opsigte van die eethoudings en gewigsverlies-gedrag van meisies wat skool bywoon waar hul onderrig gee. Die onderwysers wat deelgeneem het aan hierdie studie was nie ten volle bewus van die mate waartoe eet-verwante kwessies vroulike leerlinge affekteer nie. Boonop blyk daar weerstand te wees teenoor die fasilitering van, en deelname aan 'n skoolprogram wat hierdie kwessies aanspreek. Verdere kwalitatiewe ondersoeke hiervan kan moontlik waardevolle insig bied.

Submitted by Fabiana Paixão Viana (fabipviana@gmail.com) on 2016-08-11T19:06:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 A_Mesa_Galega_na_Bahia_Fabiana_Paixao_Viana.pdf: 8250920 bytes, checksum: 3c98ca5bdaffa9425f47d28ec70586ee (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-11-17T15:41:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 A_Mesa_Galega_na_Bahia_Fabiana_Paixao_Viana.pdf: 8250920 bytes, checksum: 3c98ca5bdaffa9425f47d28ec70586ee (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-17T15:41:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 A_Mesa_Galega_na_Bahia_Fabiana_Paixao_Viana.pdf: 8250920 bytes, checksum: 3c98ca5bdaffa9425f47d28ec70586ee (MD5) / CAPES / Desde as últimas décadas do século XIX Salvador foi o destino escolhido por muitos galegos que cruzaram o Oceano Atlântico em busca do sonho de “conquistar a América”. Na capital baiana estes imigrantes sentiram as diferenças entre a sociedade galega e a soteropolitana, principalmente em relação a língua, aos hábitos alimentares e ao tratamento hostil e preconceituoso dispensado, bilateralmente, entre os imigrantes galegos e os soteropolitanos. Os galegos se destacaram nos setores do comércio, construção civil, hotelaria e alimentação, sobretudo nos armazéns de secos e molhados. O período das intensas levas migratórias para a Bahia, abarcando os processos adaptativos na nova sociedade, é debatido em pesquisas das Ciências Sociais, no entanto, nada foi escrito sobre os hábitos alimentares deste grupo de imigrantes e seus descendentes na Bahia. Neste sentido, esta pesquisa apresenta-se inédita e analisa a alimentação dos imigrantes galegos e seus descendentes que moram em Salvador. Buscou-se responder o que eles comem cotidianamente e nos dias festivos, assim como os cardápios familiares e os públicos. Foram entrevistados imigrantes galegos residentes em Salvador, descendentes das segundas e terceiras gerações, cônjuges não-galegos dos imigrantes e galegos retornados da imigração a capital baiana. Neste trabalho apresentam-se os hábitos alimentares dos imigrantes e descendentes de galegos, a preservação da galeguidade em Salvador, os pratos-totem eleitos pelos grupos familiares e associações, a transmissão alimentar e a reprodução social do grupo. Também são observados os hábitos alimentares dos galegos na Galícia, assim como os reflexos da crise econômica nas mesas e nos crescentes índices de transtornos alimentares. / Since the last few decades of the 19th century Salvador was the route chosen by many Galicians that cross the Atlantic ocean dreaming about “conquer America”. In the Bahia capital city those immigrants felt the differences between the Galician society and the society from Salvador, mainly because of the idiom, eating habits, the hostile and prejudiced treatment given bilaterally between the Galician immigrants and the Salvador community. The Galicians stand out in the commercial sector, building sector, hotel business and food supply, predominantly on the “secos e molhados” warehouses. The period of the massive migratory trips to Bahia embracing the adaptive process on the new society, abundantly discussed on social science studies, however, there was nothing written about the eating habits of this immigrant group and their Bahia descendants. To this end this research present itself to be unique and analyses the feeding habits from the galicians immigrants and yours descendants that lived on Salvador. The research seek to answer what they usually eat on the celebration days, as well as the familiar and public menus. It have been interviewed Galicians immigrants that lived on Salvador, descendants from second and third generation, spouses of the immigrants and the Galicians that returned of the immigration to the capital city of Bahia. Presented in this work the eating habits of the immigrants and the descendants of galicians, the preservation of the Galeguidade on Salvador, the “pratos-totem” chosen from the family and associative groups, spread the eating habits and the social reproduction of the group. It’s also notice the Galicians eating habits at Galicia, as well as the economic crisis reflection on the tables and the growth of eating problems. / Desde las últimas décadas del siglo XIX, Salvador fue el destino elegido por muchos gallegos que habían hecho el viaje por el Océano Atlántico en búsqueda del sueño de “hacer la América”. En la capital de Bahia estos inmigrantes sintieron las diferencias entre la sociedad gallega y la sociedad soteropolitana, principalmente en relación a la lengua, a las costumbres alimenticias y al tratamiento hostil y prejuicioso entre los inmigrantes gallegos y los soteropolitanos. Los gallegos se destacaron en los sectores del comercio, construcción civil, hostelería y alimentación, sobre todo en los almacenes de “secos e molhados”. El periodo de las intensas olas migratorias hacia Bahia, abarcando los procesos de adaptación en la nueva sociedad, es debatido en pesquisas de las Ciencias Sociales; sin embargo, nada fue escrito sobre los hábitos alimenticios de este grupo de inmigrantes y sus descendientes en Bahia. En este sentido, esta tesis se presenta inédita y analiza la alimentación de los inmigrantes gallegos y sus descendientes que viven en Salvador. Se buscó responder lo que ellos comen cotidianamente y en los días festivos, así como los menús familiares y los públicos. Fueron entrevistados inmigrantes gallegos residentes en Salvador, descendientes de las segundas y terceras generaciones, cónyuges no gallegos de los inmigrantes y gallegos retornados de la inmigración la capital de Bahia. En este trabajo se presentan los hábitos alimenticios de los inmigrantes y descendientes de gallegos, la preservación de la galleguidad en Salvador, los platos-totem electos por los grupos familiares y asociaciones, la transmisión alimentaria y la reproducción social del grupo. También son observados los hábitos alimenticios de los gallegos en la Galicia, así como los reflejos de la crisis económica en las mesas de los gallegos y en los crecientes índices de trastornos alimenticios.