Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-03-02Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:54:41Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 soares_bp_me_assis.pdf: 2332647 bytes, checksum: 7218f0b6e67f21292a12c03f0ee55f75 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A presente pesquisa discute a imigração alemã e a influência do nazismo na cidade de Presidente Venceslau entre os anos de 1923 e 1945. A inserção do colono teuto e as múltiplas maneiras de recriar o novo espaço, muitas vezes relacionadas à cultura alemã, lançaram as bases para o fortalecimento dos laços com a pátria de origem. O uso diário da língua materna e a construção da Escola alemã, voltada exclusivamente para a comunidade, criaram um vínculo permanente com a Alemanha, fortalecido por meio do discurso nacionalista da década de 1930. A propagação da ideologia nazista ganhou contornos identitários no seio colonial, pois a comunidade ostentava os símbolos do regime e reverenciava seu líder, tal qual ocorria na própria Alemanha. A idéia de “perigo alemão” se delineou no início de 1940, legitimada pela política repressiva do Estado Novo, momento em que a boa relação dos colonos alemães com a sociedade venceslauense deteriorou-se, sendo os mesmos vigiados, perseguidos e atacados na imprensa local. / This research discusses about the German immigration and the Nazism influences in Presidente Venceslau between 1923 and 1945. The insertions of the German immigrant and the multiple ways of recreating the space, usually linked with the German culture, have permitted to strengthen the link with the native country. The use of mother tongue and the building of the German school, directed only to the community, has created a permanent link with German, which was strengthen by the nationalist discourse of the 30´s. The Nazis’ ideology spread has gained identity representation inside the colony, once the community exhibited the symbols and venerated its leader, the same way people did in German. The idea of the “ German Danger” has been delineated in the begging of the 40´s, legitimized by the repressive politic of the Estado Novo, when the good relationship between the German colony and Venceslau´s society has started to be damaged, and the colonials were spied, hunted and attacked by the local press.

Mediante o cotejo interdisciplinar entre a crítica historiográfica, a análise fílmica e a interpretação psicanalítica nas linhas freudiana e lacaniana, essa pesquisa investigou quatro obras cinematográficas comissionadas pelo governo nazista durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial com a finalidade de promoção de suas políticas raciais e de gênero: Jud Süß (1940), Die große Liebe (1942), Münchhausen (1943) e Titanic (1943). A partir dessas produções, o estudo perscrutou os sistemas de justaposição de fantasias socialmente partilhadas aos denominadores ideológicos do nacional-socialismo. Identificou, igualmente, os processos de negociação entre as instâncias da indústria cultural e as agências governamentais para alinhar o desejo e a doutrina na forma flutuante da fantasia cinematográfica. / Making use of instruments pertaining to the domain of historical criticism, filmic analysis and psychoanalytic theory under Freudian and Lacanian guidelines, this research investigated four cinematographic works commissioned by the Nazi government during World War II aimed to promoting its racial and gender policies: Jud Süß (1940), Die große Liebe (1942), Münchhausen (1943) and Titanic (1943). Through these films, the analysis examined the systems of juxtaposition between socially shared fantasies and the ideological denominators of National Socialism. The research identified also the schemes of negotiation between instances of cultural industry and government agencies in order to align desire and doctrine in the floating form of film fantasy.

Esta tese reconstitui a trajetória de Sami Feder (1906-2000), diretor de teatro judeu polonês que atuou no contexto do movimento de resistência artística e emocional sustentado por artistas, atores, diretores, autores e espectadores durante o período em que o nazifascismo dominou grande parte da Europa (1933-45). Estendemos a análise para o período imediatamente após a liberação dos campos de concentração, especialmente o de Bergen-Belsen, por ser o Campo onde Feder permaneceu dias antes e 5 anos no final da Segunda Guerra. A relevância deste estudo está em resgatar e analisar historiograficamente o percurso e a atuação de Feder, que, por meio da arte teatral, aliada à música, literatura e poesia, buscou o exercício ético do acolhimento coletivo e da cidadania. O artista desenvolveu um teatro, pouco documentado devido às circunstâncias de reclusão e proibição e, ao mesmo tempo, de denúncia, crítica e reflexão subterrâneas durante a vigência do regime nazista. Mais tarde, com o fim da guerra, institucionalizou-se este teatro, com maior registro, criando-se a Companhia Kazet Theater, no Campo de deslocados DP Camp Bergen-Belsen (1945-50), onde a reabilitação e recuperação da dignidade humana tornou-se uma urgência frente ao desenraizamento e ao trauma. Ações intervencionistas como estas se propagaram pelas cidades ocupadas, guetos e campos de concentração, enquanto reação ao processo de desumanização sustentado pelo Estado nacional-socialista e países colaboracionistas. Posteriormente, significaram também uma forma de participar da reconstrução de uma identidade, de um povo, de uma cultura. / This thesis restores the path followed by Sami Feder (1906-2000), the Polish Jewish theater director, who worked during the resistance art and emotional movement supported by artists, actors, directors, authors and audiences during the period in which Nazi fascism dominated most of Europe (1933-45). We extend to the time immediately after the concentration camp liberation, stressing on the Bergen-Belsen camp, where Feder stayed some days during World War II and up to five years after its end. The relevance of this study is to retrieve and perform a historiographic analysis of Feders path and performance, that by theatrical art together with music, literature and poetry searched the ethical work of collective refuge and citizenship. The artist developed a poorly documented theater, due to reclusion and prohibition, not to mention underground complaint, criticism and reflection during the Nazi regime. Later, following the end of the World War, this theater was established, therefore better documented, and the Kazet Theater Company was founded in the Bergen-Belsen Displaced Persons Camp (1945-50), where rehabilitation and recuperation of human dignity became a matter of urgency, owing to the rootlessness and trauma. Interventionist actions like that were disseminated in occupied cities, ghettos and concentration camps as a reaction to the dehumanization sustained by the national socialist state as well as collaborationist countries, and afterwards, as a way to participate in the reconstruction of an identity, people and culture.

Orientador: Márcio Orlando Seligmann Silva / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T13:12:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos_BrunoMendesdos_M.pdf: 1426800 bytes, checksum: d5e451f4db00da1f0cfd93ce9ad5765b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Este trabalho trata dos limites entre memória e ficção em algumas obras de Günter Grass (1927-) - a saber, O tambor (1959), Gato e rato (1961), Anos de cão (1965) e Nas peles da cebola (2006) - tendo em vista o seu teor testemunhal sobre o período entre guerras e pós-guerra, levando em conta a situação do autor como sujeito e objeto social, em um dos ambientes mais representativos da história global no século XX. Com o suporte de teorias da literatura, da cultura e da filosofia, além do aparato de textos críticos, ensaísticos e jornalísticos, bem como de outros textos literários sob perspectiva comparativa, deseja-se observar os processos de ficcionalização da memória individual, de romanceação da autobiografia e de construção da memória cultural através da literatura / Abstract: This work deals with the boundaries between memory and fiction in some pieces of Günter Grass (1927-) - namely, "The tim drum" (1959), "Cat and mouse" (1961), "Dog years" (1965) and "Peeling the onion" (2006) - taking into account its testimonial content from Nazism and postwar era, considering the author's position as social subject and object, in one of the most representative environments of world history in the twentieth century. Using theories of literature, culture and philosophy as support, as well as critics, essays and journalistic texts, besides other literary texts in a comparative perspective, it aims to observe the processes of fictionalizing individual memories, writing an autobiography in the form of a novel and building cultural memory through literature / Mestrado / Teoria e Critica Literaria / Mestre em Teoria e História Literária

Cette thèse propose une introduction à une meilleure compréhension des liens entre Hitler et Wagner et porte le titre suivant : De Wagner à Hitler: un exemple du Sonderweg de l’histoire allemande. Les deux hommes ne se sont pas connus car Wagner était déjà mort à la naissance du futur dictateur mais les héritiers Wagner et en particulier son fils Siegfried et sa belle-fille Winifred et l’idéologue de Bayreuth Houston Stewart Chamberlain, jouèrent un rôle de substitution au Maître de Bayreuth, cette idole qu’Hitler aurait tant aimé connaitre, tant il considère Wagner comme sa religion comme il put le confier lors de sa première visite à Wahnfried, villa des Wagner. Si Wagner a des idées très arrêtées et théoriques en matière d'antisémitisme et de racisme, Hitler sous l’influence de Houston Stewart Chamberlain gendre de Richard Wagner les développe et imagine les moyens politiques de leur réalisation. L'Œuvre de Wagner a survécu au nazisme et à son instrumentalisation par Adolf Hitler (que nous illustrons plus particulièrement en prenant l'exemple de Parsifal) car un grand artiste est toujours dépassé par ses propres intentions. Cependant toute une partie de la pensée et de la création artistique du musicien allemand contenait les germes de la déviance de l'histoire allemande qui caractérisa les années 1933-1945. Notre travail contribue aussi à mieux identifier "la religion d'Adolf Hitler": enracinée dans le christianisme gnostique de Richard Wagner elle vient s'alimenter aux élucubrations sur le "Jésus aryen tué par les Juifs" de l'époque wilhelmienne et débouche sur un néopaganisme revendiqué. / This thesis provides an introduction to a better understanding of the links between Hitler and Wagner and is entitled: From Richard Wagner to Adolf Hitler: an example of the Sonderweg in Germany’s history. The two men never knew each other as Wagner was already dead at the time of the future dictator’s birth, but Wagner’s heirs, and in particular his son Siegfried, his daughter-in-law Winifred and the Bayreuth ideologist Houston Stewart Chamberlain, played a surrogate role for the Master of Bayreuth, the idol whom Hitler would have so loved to know, so much he considered Wagner as a prophet, as he confided on his first visit to Wahnfried, the Wagner family’s villa. If Wagner had very pure theoretical ideas concerning anti-Semitism and racism, under the influence of Houston Stewart Chamberlain, Wagner’s son-in-law, Hitler then developed these ideas and devised the political means of their implementation. Wagner’s work outlived Nazism and its adoption by Adolf Hitler (which we illustrate more particularly with the example of Parsifal), as the work of a great artist often transcends his original intentions. However, a significant part of the German musician’s thought and artistic creation contained the seeds for the deviance of German history which characterized the period from 1933 to 1945. Our work also helps better identify “Adolf Hitler’s religion”: rooted in Richard Wagner’s Gnostic Christianity, his religion feeds itself on the fanciful notion of “Jesus Aryan killed by the Jews” of the Wilhelmien period and leads to a proclaimed Neopaganism.

Denna uppsats utför en jämförande analys mellan två snarlika memes, vaporwave och fashwave, för att se närmare på hur deras gemensamma drag används för att kommunicera både högerextrema och icke-högerextrema budskap. Alltså: Vad är det för skillnader mellan memesen, och vad är det i vaporwave estetiska framtoner som gör den retoriskt attraktiv för en högerextrem variant i form av fashwave? Vad tillför dessa till framförandet av det högerextrema budskapet? Med en teoretisk grund i doxologi och konceptet "det imaginära" och med Roland Barthes semiologiska begreppsapparat som metodiskt redskap visar uppsatsen på att de centrala dragen hos båda memesen har likheter och skillnader. Att fashwave tar sig an vaporwaves suggestiva och mångtyda natur och spetsar till den till ett tydligt, riktat högerextremt budskap. Den doxologiska mångfalden som återfinns i memen vaporwave försvinner, och fashwave knyts således an till en högerextrem doxa. Det som tillföres i framförandet av det högerextrema budskapet är en farkost för att kunna sprida sig utåt, att högerextremister kan presenteras utåt som en modern rörelse med en uppfattad konträr placering emot de man uppfattar som "det andra". Och det är mot detta andra, som självbilden skapas.

[pt] Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar a vida de Dietrich Bonhoeffer dentro do contexto da Alemanha no início do século XX. A sua vida se desenrolou como um homem que foi movido pela fé e a recepção de um chamado divino no mundo. Nos primeiros capítulos o leitor é situado nos anos iniciais de Dietrich Bonhoeffer, seu nascimento e a sua família. Em seguida são relatados sua formação teológica e seus primeiros passos no ministério pastoral. O texto continua com à ascensão do partido nazista e sua consolidação no poder, assim como o uso do aparelhamento do Estado alemão para aliciar as igrejas de diferentes confissões para a prática da doutrinação nazista. É abordado a teologia do Reich, a sua forma e a movimentação política, como o induzimento ao alemão comum a entender a raça ariana como superior a outros grupos e uma visão deturpada do evangelho. É exposta a resistência de Dietrich Bonhoeffer tratada em três frentes amplas que estão diluídas pela dissertação. Uma resistência teológica: que com seus sermões nos diferentes púlpitos, na rádio, na rua, dentro da sua família, e até no encarceramento contribuíram ao enfrentar Hitler e o nazismo. Procurou abrir os olhos dos alemães para realmente enxergar o mal que o nazismo representou. Uma resistência eclesiástica: por não aceitar que diversas confissões, incluindo a sua igreja, o parágrafo ariano no luteranismo. Como única saída se desligou da igreja, aceitando o convite do pastor Niemöller para dirigir um seminário totalmente à margem do Estado Alemão, para iluminar as jovens mentes a resistir ao mal que a imperava. Uma resistência política: Bonhoeffer levou informações para os seus aliados na Inglaterra através do bispo George Bell que foi o seu contato. Também participou de uma operação para a retirada dos judeus da Alemanha para à Suíça. Ele estava envolvido em um círculo de resistência com a finalidade do assassinato de Hitler. Como cidadão expressou sua atividade política daquilo que acreditava ser o certo e o ético a se cumprir como cristão. Por último é apresentado a sua prisão, os anos finais que contribuíram para o amadurecimento teológico e o crescimento da sua fé. A sua morte é tratada no texto como um martírio moderno, mesmo com a existência de contornos políticos. / [en] This Thesis aims to analyze the life of Dietrich Bonhoeffer within the context of Germany in the early twentieth century. His life unfolded as a man who was moved by faith and the reception of a divine call in the world. In the first chapters the reader is placed in the early years of Dietrich Bonhoeffer, his birth and his family. Then his theological formation and his first steps in the pastoral ministry are reported. The text continues with the rise of the Nazi party and its consolidation in power, as well as the use of the apparatus of the German State to entice churches of different confessions to practice Nazi indoctrination. The theology of the Reich, its form and political movement are addressed, as well as the induction of the common German to understand the Aryan race as superior to other groups and a distorted view of the gospel. Dietrich Bonhoeffer s resistance is treated on three broad fronts that are diluted by the thesis. A theological resistance: that with his sermons in different pulpits, on the radio, on the street, within his family, and even in prison, he contributed to facing Hitler and Nazism. He sought to open the eyes of Germans to really see the evil that Nazism represented. An ecclesiastical resistance: for not accepting that several confessions, including your church, the Arian paragraph in Lutheranism. As the only way out, he left the church, accepting Pastor Niemöller s invitation to lead a seminar completely outside the German State, to enlighten young minds to resist the evil that reigned there. A political resistance: Bonhoeffer took information to his allies in England through Bishop George Bell who was his contact. He also participated in an operation to remove Jews from Germany to Switzerland. He was involved in a resistance ring for the purpose of assassinating Hitler. As a citizen, he expressed his political activity of what he believed to be the right and ethical thing to do as a Christian. Finally, his imprisonment is presented, the final years that contributed to his theological maturity and the growth of his faith. His death is treated in the text as a modern martyrdom, even with the existence of political contours.

Le but de ce mémoire est de poser un regard comparatiste sur les conséquences éventuelles de la politique eugénique totalitaire du Troisième Reich, et ce, dans l’optique où ce régime aurait eu la chance de poursuivre ses ambitions à ce niveau. En portant respectivement notre attention sur la structure organisationnelle du NSDAP, de l’État et de l’autorité, sur les étapes spécifiques de l’établissement du totalitarisme hitlérien, sur les diverses techniques de propagande et d’endoctrinement utilisées par les nazis pour accomplir l’unification du peuple allemand, ainsi que sur l’application pratique et le discours relatif à la politique eugénique dans le Reich et sur les territoires occupés, nous comprendrons que le mouvement propre au totalitarisme hitlérien, en changeant constamment sa définition respective de l’« élite » et de l’être « dépravé », n’aurait jamais mis fin à la purge raciale de la population sous son joug. Par conséquent, la place de l’« allemand moyen » aurait été quasi inexistante. Le Troisième Reich, par élimination et élevage social constant, aurait donc créé un « homme nouveau », basé sur l’idéologie arbitraire et instable du régime et pigé dans les peuples occupés à divers degré. Au bout de plusieurs générations, cet être nouveau aurait constitué le « noyau racial » de la population d’une nouvelle Europe aryanisée, construite sur le cadavre de la plus grande partie des anciens peuples du continent, incluant le peuple allemand. / The aim of this memoir is to examine and compare what could have been the consequences of the Third Reich’s totalitarian eugenics, considering the context in which this regime had the opportunity to fulfill its political ambitions. In fact, the NSDAP, the state and the authority’s structure; the various steps that led to the establishment of the Hitlerian totalitarian regime; the numerous propaganda and indoctrination exercises taken on Nazis in order to achieve the german unification; the practical purposes as well as the eugenics related discourse within the Reich and all of the occupied territories, are some of the most important aspects explaining the evolution of the Hitlerian totalitarian movement. These factors clearly demonstrate why a movement that is constantly changing its opinion about the elites and the reprobates could never have put to an end the racial purge that was in place at that time. Consequently, the ordinary German citizen would have been practically nonexistent. The Third Reich would therefore have created a new type of people through elimination and by continuously manipulating the notion of class and social ranking. The nazi conception of power, the state, race, and national unity was based on an arbitrary and erratic ideology that was, to a certain extent, acquired from the invaded people. A great many generations later, this new human being would have represented the main ethnic group of the newly formed Aryan population, a nation built upon the dead bodies of the majority of the ancient people living on the European continent, including the German.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Diploma thesis "Change of the Soviet Union image in the protectorate press based on comparison of the media content from the turn of August/September 1939 and June/July 1941" deals with the manner in which the protectorate newspapers informed about the Ribbentop-Molotov Pact and later about the German invasion of the Soviet Union. The examples of these events and their reflection in the Protectorate press demonstrate how flexibly the protectorate propaganda responded to the current political line. For the purposes of the thesis, there have been selected three newspapers: Polední list, Večerní České Slovo and Venkov. These periodicals were examined in two time-bound periods, from 23rd August till 27th September 1939 and from 16th June till 14th July 1941. The methodology used is a historical comparative analysis, which discusses the transformation of Protectorate propaganda attitudes in the dependence on the historical context, and semiotic analysis, which deals with period media discourse and reveals ideology sustained on the level of sign systems.