L'orientation sexuelle et l'identité de genre représentent des motifs de discrimination récurrents et vastement documentés à travers le monde. Alors que le régime des droits humains semble s'ouvrir progressivement sur ces questions, le droit international pénal demeure particulièrement hésitant lorsqu'il s'agit d'emboîter le pas des institutions onusiennes. Du côté académique, de nombreux débats existent encore quant à la place accordée aux enjeux touchant les minorités sexuelles et de genre en droit international pénal et les outils théoriques développés afin d'explorer ses questions sont souvent stigmatisés ou sous-exploités. Ainsi, ce mémoire propose de créer un dialogue entre les théories queers du droit et le droit international pénal afin de favoriser les réflexions sur le traitement des minorités sexuelles et de genre en droit international pénal à partir d'une perspective centrée sur l'expérience de ce groupe. Pour ce faire, il sera question de définir le cadre théorique et méthodologique queer et d'offrir un exemple pratique de la manière dont celui-ci peut être appliqué dans le cadre d'une analyse en droit international pénal. En l'espèce, il sera question de s'intéresser au débat concernant l'inclusion -ou l'exclusion- des minorités sexuelles en tant que groupe protégé aux fins de l'art 7 (1)(h), (2)(g) et (3) du Statut de Rome. / Sexual orientation and gender identity are recurring and well-documented grounds for discrimination around the world. While the human rights regime seems to be gradually opening up on these issues, international criminal law remains particularly hesitant to follow the lead of UN institutions. On the academic side, there are still many debates about the place given to sexual and gender minority issues in international criminal law and the theoretical tools developed to explore these issues are often stigmatized or under-exploited. Thus, this dissertation proposes to create a dialogue between queer theories of law and international criminal law to foster reflections on the treatment of sexual and gender minorities in international criminal law from a perspective centred on the experience of this group. To this end, we will define the theoretical and methodological framework of queer law and offer a practical example of how it can be applied in an analysis of international criminal law. In this case, it will focus on the debate concerning the inclusion -or exclusion- of sexual minorities as a protected group for the purposes of art(1)(h), (2)(g) and (3) of the Rome Statute.

Esta investigación estudia las identidades de género de jóvenes de entre 20 y 26 años de estratos medio-altos limeños que hacen drag. Lo orienta una pregunta por las formas en que la práctica del drag se vincula con dichas identidades. Adicionalmente, analiza el rol que cumplen ciertos recursos, entendidos como capitales, en las mismas. Se encuentra que el drag es un recurso cultural cercano para los jóvenes, especialmente considerando su condición socioeconómica y su contacto con la cultura global gay (Martel, 2014). Así, el pertenecer a estratos medio-altos de la sociedad limeña, y los capitales social, cultural, económico y simbólico que se asocian a estos, han marcado sus rutas en lo drag y su manera de entender nociones como la identidad. De la mano de eso, encontramos que la relación entre la práctica del drag y las identidades de género es heterogenea y está vinculada con las formas de entender y conceptualizar ambos conceptos. Ahora bien, mediante el drag, los jóvenes experimentan devenires identitarios en relación con el género (Perlongher, 2016), a través de una performance que combina elementos asociados a lo femenino y lo masculino, que les permite experimentar con identidades que distan de las que se ha buscando presentar como clasicas (hombre-masculino y mujer-femenina) y que revierten fuera de su práctica drag. Así, la identidad de género y el drag se vinculan mediante este proceso al que llamamos devenir drag, el cual solo puede ocurrir en la medida en que exista un tiempo y espacio seguro (físico y simbólico) para ello; ambiente al que denominamos laboratorio identitario.

For such a vexing topic as gender identity, this dissertation asks a rather straightforward question: If gender identity is—as Judith Butler has asserted—socially constructed and discursively mediated, then why does transgender hormone therapy (THT) work? This is the question concerning endocrinology that I ask Butler, and their answer is, if requiring of delicate assessment and interpretation, clear: it doesn't. Butler's work reveals an admonishing view that the efficacity of THT is due to placebo effect, in turn brought on by the bewitchment of the trans* who seeks medical transition. In a logic similar to sin and salvation, if only the trans* had not believed in gender dysphoria, then there would be no (putative) efficacity to THT whatsoever. With our answer, we begin a perilous adventure of discovering just why such a preeminent gender theorist (and trans* themselves) with no experience of gender dysphoria, and no desire to medically transition, would say this. We examine Butler's gender theory, their concept of desire, their views on the self, on transsexuality, their rarely discussed philosophies of science and nature, and their dearth of citations of transsexual voices. Due to this lack, I lend my own, relying upon my experience with gender dysphoria, THT, and medical transitioning. Unfortunately, in the times we live with attacks against *trans people and their healthcare, these questions could not be less theoretical, and more practical. In my view, Butler simply does not believe in the physical validity and medical exigency of gender dysphoria—the primary reason that we transsexuals pursue THT. Thus, in a dissertation that addresses questions of existential urgency and indisputable suffering, I show that Butler's gender theory lacks explanatory power and conceptual coherency, at a time when medically transitioning trans* could not need it more.

The purpose of this research was to explore social hardships of non-gay identifying, [behaviorally] bisexual, and “other” marginal LGBTQ+ men who are sexually intimate with men in a heteronormative and [toxic] masculine world. Relatedly, hegemonic masculinity dominates the patriarch through regulating behavioral norms that often stigmatize and discriminate opposing traits, ideologies, or groups, such as LGBTQ+. This has been known to affect and mediate health outcomes and “outness.” Therefore, this study explored how minority stressors impact self-concept, mental health, well-being, and motivations to disclose and/or conceal. Data collection involved survey and interview formats (mixed-methods cross-sectional design) that assessed internalized homophobia, conformity to masculine norms, subjective masculinity stress, disclosure, and concealment in relation to lifestyle and social context. While all variables had expected linear associations, not all were causal. Those who conformed to masculine norms significantly experienced internalized stigma/homophobia. Hence, it can be hypothesized that participants who conformed sought to conceal stigma under pressure of heteronormative culture and the patriarch. However, subjective masculinity stress was nonsignificant, exemplifying hegemonic influence as more defining to their self-concept than their own. Further, minority stress constructs (masculine norms, internalized stigma/homophobia, and subjective masculinity stress), when age, regional location, and faith were controlled, significantly predicted less disclosure and more concealment in social contexts. This reinforces the power of modern patriarchy/masculine norms/minority stress and its adverse effects on mental health, well-being, and outness in marginalized populations of LGBTQ+. Relatedly, qualitative data validated these quantitative findings but generally over the lifecycle of “coming out” as opposed to respondents’ current growth and development in outness, mental health, and well-being. However, to further affirm such quantitative findings, both survey and interview data did report distress regarding modern day masculinity and its ill standards that place unrealistic expectations on men, which continue to create disparities among and between many communities and humanity.

This essay analyses Call Me by Your Name by André Aciman and Swimming in the Dark by Tomasz Jedrowski through a phenomenological lens. Through the theoretical framework, mainly consisting of Sara Ahmed’s The Cultural Politics of Emotion and Queer Phenomenology, I discuss how feelings such as desire and shame work through the subject and influence its relationship with their surroundings. The analysis concludes that the emotion of shame is an isolating feeling, causing the subject to shield themselves from their surroundings. At the same time shame is forgotten in its own temporality, whereas the emotion itself is mistaken as permanent by the subject in the feeling state. On the other hand, the forbidden desire feels temporary and like something that could be expelled from the body. Furthermore, I discuss how desire affects the relationship between subject and object, especially through the ways that desire complicates the hierarchal division between the two. I further posit how desire affects boundaries between bodies and how the forbidden desire creates the will to penetrate boundaries while at the same time maintaining them. Through the combination of shame and desire the subject is limited in their worldview, where the desire can feel impossible to navigate through the “life-lines” that Ahmed theorizes because of the shame that follows. The essay concludes that the relationship between shame and desire affects the relationship between subject and object mainly through the internalization of societal norms.

In this paper, I study the concept of subordination and power by using two Swedish lesbian classic literary texts; ”Den första kärleken”, published in the collection of short stories Berättelser och skizzer (1884) by Mathilda Roos and Charlie (1932) by Margareta Suber. I examine power dynamics and subordination by comparing the two texts with each other and analyze the similarities and differences between subordination in queer contexts and in heterosexual contexts. Judith Butlers theory of subordination and Michel Foucalts theory of the subject and power are the theoretical ground for this paper, as well as the heterosexual script, which function as a way to illustrate what the characters conform to and/or resist against. As a result, I find that queer subordination is more exciting than heterosexual subordination, but also that heterosexual subordination is, although the characters conform to it, a form of resistance against the heterosexual norm. I also find that social punishment is a crucial aspect regarding the choices they make when it comes to queer subordination.

This G-3 essay aimed to study how people on three American left leaning social medias appoint queer identities to historical people and the discourse around this appointment. This was studied through the theoretical lenses of queer theory and the use of history. The source material consisted of posts from Tumblr, Twitter and Reddit and it was studied both quantitatively and qualitatively through the method of conceptual history. The historical people examined were Queen Christina of Sweden and King James VI and I of Scotland and England. This essay discovered that a wide variety of queer identities were appointed to the royals. However, all queer identities appointed were identities that matched the discoveries scientists have made about the royals’ lives. Furthermore, between one third and half of all posts used sources to justify the appointment of queer identities. The use of history in all posts were found to be either existential in nature – showing a desire to find connections with other queer people through history – or moral – using history to argue against current injustice against queer people.

This thesis investigates how libraries can build a collection of doujinshi – Japanese fanzines – with a focus on the problematic connection between doujinshi, queer sexualities and pornography. Yonezawa Yoshihiro Memorial Library is one of the few libraries collecting and providing access to doujinshi, including those with extreme pornographic imagery. I conducted qualitative interviews with four library employees to study their views and attitudes towards collection, age regulations, shelving and classification of doujinshi. In addition, I apply queer theory to elucidate how sexual norms are reflected in the library's classification system. Findings show that informants consider the preservation of manga culture as the most important reason to collect doujinshi. Other functions of doujinshi, such as being a way for self-expression without social restrains, are also appreciated. Informants’ attitudes towards collecting and providing access to extreme pornographic doujinshi are not particularly negative, instead resisting censorship, but the fact that the library has extreme pornographic doujinshi is taken up as a reason for the library' s age limit. Moreover, I observe sexual norms surrounding women’s consumption of pornography and that women should link sex and love, and a lack of critical perspectives on such issues. Lastly, informants were open for changes of the library’s classification system for doujinshi, but showed reluctance toward user influence, such as social tagging. This is a two years master’s thesis in library and information science.

This dissertation theorizes the synthesis of solidarities around queer embodied performativities as a mode of making-resistant the everyday experiences of exploitation under transnational capitalism. These solidarities, I argue, are cultivated around the affective, embodied experiences of what José Esteban Muñoz terms "queer time," which I extend to denote the ephemeral, experiential sensations of being "out of sync" with the structures and norms of capital-space-time power assemblages. I theorize "emulsion" as a heuristic for envisioning synthetic solidarities as making space and time for the importantly distinct experiences of queer spatio-temporalities of those at the various intersections of marginalized/minoritized identities to coagulate and coalesce into something new – at once remaining beautifully fragmented and becoming grotesquely amalgamated beyond distinction. I suggest that such trans-spatial/temporal/material solidarities, formed via antinormative performativities and the curation of "revolting archives," existent and not-yet-formed alike, can and indeed already do resist the totalizing and unplaceable ether of increasingly transnational capitalism across scales. This dissertation takes form and transdisciplinarity to be a part of the praxis/theory of cultivating such synthetic solidarities that confound the structures of capital-space-time. As such, I (gender)fuck with genre, and format throughout, interweaving theoretical and autotheoretical writing with prose, poetics, and altered text to create a visceral sense of disruption of spatiotemporality in not only content, but the affective experience of reading the piece itself. This dissertation thus moves across disciplines via a theoretical constellation of critical scholarship including affect theory, queer theory, (neo)Marxist theory, Black feminist theory, post- and de-colonial theory, disability theory, and transnational feminism. / Doctor of Philosophy / In this dissertation, I attend to two primary concerns: first, the ways in which the power structures of transnational capitalism are fundamentally affective in nature, such that they act unevenly on and are accordingly felt/sensed/experienced unevenly by embodied subjects through processes of exploitation, subjugation, and marginalization necessary to maintain and perpetuate capitalist structures; and secondly, the ways in which emergent movements attempting to resist structures of global capitalism/the effects thereof have failed to do so, in that the most marginalized have been continuously, violently excluded from those same movements which (cl)aim to include them, or be in solidarity with them, all under some unilateral and exclusionary notion of "we/us." This dissertation works with a curated collection affect theory, queer theory, auto-theory (neo)Marxist theory, Black feminist theory, post- and de-colonial theory, disability theory, and transnational feminism to theorize transnational capitalism as always already affective and embodied, an important dimension of global power structures that has been left largely unaddressed in global politics/international studies. I argue that global capitalism itself is comprised of linear capital-space-time power assemblages which act to exploit embodied subjects – disproportionately acting on/experienced by historically marginalized and minoritized bodies – across scale, space, and time in order to maintain itself and ensure its perpetuation into futurity. I take particular interest in the affective/sensed, everyday, varied lived experiences of nonlinearity by subjugated bodies – theorized in this project as an expanded notion of "queer time" as conceived of by José Esteban Muñoz – by the most marginalized under those structures, and further argue using playfulness with form and the heuristic of emulsification that those affective experiences of queer spatiotemporalities can be taken up as that around which meaningful, resistant solidarities under global capitalism can be synthesized.

The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the relationship between grave goods and the identity of buried individuals. The interpretation of sex and gender, as well as gendered grave goods in Late Iron Age Scandinavia, is of a particular focus. A comparative analysis of 163 graves was carried out using an intersectional theoretic perspective, statistical analysis, and a database, with the Lovö cemeteries serving as the case study. The results of this analysis revealed certain patterns and variances that demonstrate a relationship between the grave goods assemblages that were chosen and aspects of an individual’s identity, including gender for some grave goods, but a lack of a correlation for other grave goods. Thus, it concluded that “normal” burials are influenced by factors such as facets of one’s identity, community standing and social status, familial ties and kinship, and lived experiences, with each grave tailored to suit the individual, and that gender as a whole has little influence on how a burial is constructed. / Syftet med detta examensarbete är att analysera sambandet mellan gravgods och begravda individers identitet. Tolkningen av kön och genus, samt könsbestämda gravgods i yngre järnålders Skandinavien, av särskilt fokus. En jämförande analys av 163 gravar genomfördes med ett intersektionellt teoretiskt perspektiv, statistisk analys och en databas, med Lovö kyrkogårdar som fallstudie. Resultaten av denna analys avslöjade vissa mönster och varianser som visar ett samband mellan de gravgodssammansättningar som valts ut och aspekter av en individs identitet, inklusive kön för vissa gravgods, men en brist på en korrelation för andra gravgods. Således drog den slutsatsen att "normala" begravningar påverkas av faktorer som aspekter av ens identitet, samhällsställning och social status, välbekanta band och släktskap och levda upplevelser, med varje grav skräddarsydd för att passa individen, och att kön som helhet har liten påverkan på hur en begravning är uppbyggd.