Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka om det fanns något samband med införandet av new public management och ålderismen i den svenska äldreomsorgen samt om biståndshandläggarnas handlingsutrymme blivit påverkat av detta. Den metod som vi valde för denna studie var en allmän litteraturöversikt där fem vetenskapliga artiklar granskades och analyserades. De teoretiska ramar vi valt att förhålla oss till är domänteorin, ålderism och handlingsutrymme. Det resultat som framkom av studien var att biståndshandläggarnas handlingsutrymme har blivit påverkat av new public management och att skillnader i policys och riktlinjer mellan kommuner kan variera. Det framkom även i resultatet att ålderism har ökat i takt med att new public management infördes. De äldre ses som en kostnad för samhället då fokus ligger på kostnadseffektivitet snarare än att medborgare har rätt till en god livskvalitet. Den slutsats vi kom fram till var att det krävs mer forskning runt New Public Management och vad det har orsakat för konsekvenser inom området. / The aim for this study was to investigate whether there was any connection with the introduction of new public management and ageism in Swedish care for the elderly, and how discretion for care managers was affected by this. The method we chose was a general literature review where five scientific articles were reviewed and analyzed. The theoretical frameworks we chose to relate to are the domain theory, ageism and discretion. The result that emerged from our study was that the care manager's discretion is largely affected by new public management and that the difference in guidelines and policies between municipalities can vary greatly. It also emerged in the results that ageism has increased as new public management was introduced, where the elderly are seen as a cost to society where we must ensure that it is as cost-effective as possible rather than citizens who have the right to a good quality of life. The conclusion we reached was that research regarding New Public Management and the consequences it has created needs to be further explored in future research.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur olika föreställningar kring ålder och åldrande ser ut bland kvinnor i trettioårsåldern i Stockholm. Uppsatsen baseras på fyra stycken intervjuer som har analyserats med hjälp av teorier och begrepp som performativitet och livsmanus. Resultatet visar på att ålder ges mening genom interaktion, handlingar och ord samt att informanterna uppfattar ett livsmanus, men förhåller sig på olika sätt till det. Att avvika från livsmanuset kan få konsekvenser och hur stora de blir beror på vilka sammanhang man befinner sig i. Det kan även leda till stress och ångest hos den egna individen, men behöver inte nödvändigtvis vara så. Hur man själv och andra uppfattar ens egen ålder kan påverkas av sammanhang, situation och livsstil. Det framkom även föreställningar om tjugoårsåldern som en fri och tillåtande period som till skillnad från trettioårsåldern kommer utan en förväntan på att fatta några större beslut, agera ansvarsfullt och “veta”. Resultatet visar även på att ansvar förväntas öka i takt med åldern samt en komplexitet i att åldrande både kan förknippas med förfall och förlust samtidigt som utveckling och ökad erfarenhet.

Today, social media is an integral part of young adults' lives, while increased perceived anxiety has become a general concern. The purpose of the study was therefore to investigate how social media addiction is related to perceived anxiety in young adults. Additional aspects investigated were whether there was any difference in perceived anxiety between men and women and whether there was any relation to age. The data collection was carried out via the digital channels Facebook and LinkedIn where 108 young adults participated. The survey was based on two validated questionnaires, the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Social Media Addiction Scale (SMAS). The statistical analyses that were used to answer the question were a correlation analysis and a multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between addiction of social media and perceived anxiety in young adults. However, the results showed no gender or age differences. The conclusion drawn was that addiction of social media was associated with increased perceived anxiety. / I dagens samhälle utgör sociala medier en integrerad del av unga vuxnas liv, samtidigt som ökad upplevd ångest har blivit en allmän oro. Syftet med studien var därför att undersöka hur beroende av sociala medier är relaterat till upplevd ångest bland unga vuxna. Ytterligare aspekter som undersöktes var om det fanns eventuella skillnader mellan upplevd ångest hos män och kvinnor samt om det fanns någon skillnad i ålder. Datainsamlingen genomfördes via de digitala kanalerna Facebook och LinkedIn där 108 unga vuxna deltog. Enkätundersökningen baserades på två validerade frågeformulär, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) och Social Media Addiction Scale (SMAS). De statistiska analyser som gjordes för att besvara frågeställningen var en korrelationsanalys och en multipel regressionsanalys. Resultatet visade att det fanns ett signifikant samband mellan beroende av sociala medier och upplevd ångest bland unga vuxna. Resultatet visade däremot inga köns- eller åldersskillnader. Slutsatsen som drogs var att beroende av sociala medier var associerat med ökad upplevd ångest.

Historically, age has been and still is a major organizing principle for social relations and the allotment of resources and power, yet age is very seldom acknowledged as a social categorization in its own right and in intersection with other identity categorizations. While feminist scholarship and activism have deconstructed racist and sexist discourses, in which biology is often used to legitimize social injustice, the presupposed naturalness of ageism is rarely challenged. The aim of the present paper is to explore if and why age relations and ageism are invisible in feminist work by interviewing eleven feminists in a Swedish context. The interviews, which are qualitative and semi-structured, have been thematically analysed to identify patterns in the respondents’ approaches to age as a social categorization in intersectional analysis. A recurring theme is explaining age and ageism in terms of a fluidity of age relations, which make it a complex categorization to include in intersectional analysis. Drawing on theories of ageing and intersectional feminism I explore how the research material can be understood from a social and historical perspective. The thesis builds on a post-constructionist epistemology which underlines the importance of situated knowledges and accountability, and I therefore chose to make myself as the author visible throughout the text by writing the I and including personal accounts related to ageism and ageing.

Anställdas upplevda kontroll över sin arbetssituation varierar från person till person och kan till viss del bero på deras ålder och hur de upplever sin omgivning på arbetsplatsen. Studiens syfte var att undersöka eventuella samband mellan Work Locus of Control och upplevt organisationsstöd, arbetstillfredsställelse och ålder. Datainsamlingen genomfördes genom att dela ut en enkät till anställda tjänstemän med administrativa arbetsuppgifter inom offentlig och privat sektor i södra Sverige. Urvalet består av 74 deltagare (17 män och 57 kvinnor). För att mäta variablerna användes Work Locus of Control-skalan, items ur Survey of Perceived Organizational Support samt Overall Job Satisfaction. Enkäten inkluderade även bakgrundsfrågor. En korrelationsanalys med variablerna gav resultatet att Work Locus of Control har signifikanta samband med de undersökta variablerna. Resultaten går i linje med tidigare forskning och indikerar att personer som i större grad upplever sig kunna kontrollera sin arbetssituation även upplever högre organisationsstöd och högre arbetstillfredsställelse, samt att den upplevda kontrollen är högre hos äldre individer. En multipel regressionsanalys visar att hög arbetstillfredsställelse bäst predicerar en intern Work locus of Control. Resultaten visar inte någon signifikant skillnad i Work Locus of Control mellan anställda inom offentlig och privat sektor. / Employees' perceived control over their work situation varies from person to person and can to some extent depend on their age and how they perceive their environment in the workplace. The purpose of this study was to investigate possible connections between Work Locus of Control and Perceived Organizational Support, Job Satisfaction and age. Data collection was performed by handing out a survey to officials with administrative duties within the public and private sectors in southern Sweden. The sample consists of 74 participants (17 men and 57 women). To measure the variables, the Work Locus of Control Scale, items from the Survey of Perceived Organizational Support and Overall Job Satisfaction, were used. The survey also included background questions. A correlation analysis of the variables yielded that the work locus of control scale has significant correlations with the studied variables. The results are in line with previous research, indicating that individuals which to a greater extent perceive themselves able to control their work situation also experience higher organizational support and higher job satisfaction, and that perceived control is higher for older individuals. A multiple regression analysis shows that a high Job Satisfaction is the best predictor of an internal Work Locus of Control. The results show no significant difference in Work Locus of Control between employees in the public and private sectors.

An employee’s job performance does not necessarily decrease just because the employee gets older. But there is an anticipated correlation between reduced job performance and age with respect to certain job assignments. Along with an increased life expectancy in today’s society it’s important to promote equal opportunities regardless of age. The purpose of this thesis is to clarify under witch circumstances a dismissal due to insufficient work performance is justified. Furthermore this thesis purpose is to clarify how current legislation affects elderly’s position on the Swedish labour market when it comes to dismissal due to insufficient work performance. Even though Swedish and EU provision protect senior employees rights to some extent, there are still gaps in the legislation that can disfavour elderly´s possibilities to maintain their employment. In order to answer the research questions at issue a traditional legal dogmatic method is applied in combination with a sociological law perspective.

Abstract   Youths and adolescents have for a long period of time, and at a high degree, beenabsent from the party political stage. The causes for this have been discussed inthis essay through a quantitative survey made in an upper secondary school class,consisting of some 19 subjects in the municipality of Kalmar. Tied together withrelevant literature and discourse on the subject, the essay has dealt with thepossible societal-, system- and individual barriers for political interest andinvolvement. Central questions for this essay has been for instance; age, gender,social background, geographical domicile, as well as the decline of ideology, theforms of current party politics, political interest, political engagement and soforth. The concluding remarks contain not only a mix of these barriers existing,not exclusively, for young and adolescents but different ground for them as well.On the one hand, there exist barriers which exclude youth from the conventionalpolitical life, but on the other, the more individualised youth of today, prefer to agreater extent not to participate under the conventional circumstances that partypolitics has to offer. This adds up to one of the most challenging democraticproblems facing Swedish modern day democracy.Youths and adolescents have for a long period of time, and at a high degree, beenabsent from the party political stage. The causes for this have been discussed inthis essay through a quantitative survey made in an upper secondary school class,consisting of some 19 subjects in the municipality of Kalmar. Tied together withrelevant literature and discourse on the subject, the essay has dealt with thepossible societal-, system- and individual barriers for political interest andinvolvement. Central questions for this essay has been for instance; age, gender,social background, geographical domicile, as well as the decline of ideology, theforms of current party politics, political interest, political engagement and soforth. The concluding remarks contain not only a mix of these barriers existing,not exclusively, for young and adolescents but different ground for them as well.On the one hand, there exist barriers which exclude youth from the conventionalpolitical life, but on the other, the more individualised youth of today, prefer to agreater extent not to participate under the conventional circumstances that partypolitics has to offer. This adds up to one of the most challenging democraticproblems facing Swedish modern day democracy.

Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att undersöka fenomenet turvandringar för äldre och medelålders kvinnor för att se på vilket sätt de konstruerar föreställningar om femininitet och ålder. Studien bygger på en diskursanalys av de två organisationerna Svenska Turistföreningen (STF) och Friluftsfrämjandets inbjudningar och texter kring turvandringar riktade till kvinnor och seniorer samt av friluftsbloggen Tanter på tur. Jag har i min analys funnit tre övergripande samhällsdiskurser kring prestation, kropp och hälsa vilka alla förhandlar om att definiera den turande tanten. Materialet har analyserats diskursivt med en feministisk och post-strukturalistisk grund utifrån teorier om kvinnans kroppsliga rörelsemönster vilket baseras på teorin att kvinnan är “det andra” och objekt i relation till det manliga subjektet. Undersökingen har gjorts utifrån teorier om den äldre kroppen där dualismen mellan det upplevda jaget och den synliga åldrande utsidan av kroppen har varit centrala.               Som undersökningen har visat förhåller sig tantvandringars konstitutiva utsida, alltså organiserade vandringar och äventyr så som de Friluftsfrämjandet och STF arrangerar, till den medelålders och äldre turande kvinnan som att hon har en ofullständig fysik, låga idrottsliga ambitioner samt att hon tränar för ett hälso- och skönhetssyfte. Konsekvensen av dessa diskurser kring prestation, hälsa och kropp blir tydlig via bloggen Tanter på tur där de turvandrande och bloggande äldre kvinnorna internaliserar den konstitutiva utsidans ålderism och nedvärderande blick vilket i sin tur påverkar hur de beskriver sina egna kroppar och handlingsutrymme.

Frågeställningar: Hur påverkas konsumtionen av digitala nyheter av individuella preferenser och ålder? Hur påverkas inställningen till digitala nyheter på olika utlämningsformer av individers preferenser och ålder? Syfte: Studiens syfte är att beskriva konsumtionen av digitala nyheter i olika åldersgrupper och att analysera konsumenters individuella preferenser gällande detta. Vidare är syftet att analysera de faktorer som påverkar konsumtionen av digitala nyheter. Ett delsyfte är även att beskriva och analysera olika åldersgruppers preferenser och inställning gällande olika utlämningsformer för digitala nyheter. Det slutliga syftet är att tillhandahålla rekommendationer till digitala nyhetsbyråer som de kan använda sig av för att tillmötesgå individers preferenser vid konsumtion av digitala nyheter. Metod: Studien har genomförts med en en induktiv ansats och en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi. Primärdata samlades genom intervjuer och fokusgrupper. Resultat och slutsatser: Utifrån studiens resultat drar vi slutsatsen att konsumtionen av digitala nyheter påverkas i större grad av individuella preferenser än ålder. Vidare identifierades påverkansfaktorer, där intresse påvisades vara en av de viktigaste. Respondenterna uppvisade en positiv inställning till mobila nyhetsapplikationer och sociala medier som utlämningsformer för digitala nyheter. Teoretiskt och praktiskt bidrag: Studien bidrar med åtta faktorer som påverkar konsumtionsmönstret av digitala nyheter. Vidare bidrar studien med en klargörelse av individuella preferenser gällande utlämningsformer för digitala nyheter. Studiens resultat kan sedan ligga till grund för hur digitala nyhetsbyråer kan tillmötesgå konsumenters preferenser.  Nyckelord: Konsumentbeteende, konsumtionsmönster, individuella preferenser, ålder, digitala nyheter / Research question: How is the consumption of digital news affected by individual preferences and age? How is the attitude towards digital news on different digital channels affected by individual preferences and age? Purpose: The purpose of the study is to describe the consumption of digital news in different age groups and to analyse consumers’ individual preferences regarding this. The purpose is furthermore to analyse factors influencing the consumption of digital news. It is also to describe and analyse different age groups preferences and attitudes towards news on different digital channels. The final purpose of the study is to provide digital news agencies with recommendations that they can use to meet individual preferences regarding the consumption of digital news. Method: The study is based on an inductive approach and a qualitative research method. The data has been collected through interviews and focus groups. Results and conclusions: Based on the study’s results we conclude that the consumption of digital news is affected to a greater extent by individual preferences than age. Furthermore factors that affect the consumption of news were identified, where interest was shown to be one of the most important factors. The respondents showed positive attitudes towards mobile news applications and social media as digital channels for news. Theoretical and practical contribution: The study contributes eight factors that affect the consumption of digital news. Furthermore the study clarifies different age groups attitudes towards news on different digital channels. The study’s results could form the basis for how digital news agencies can accommodate consumer preferences. Keywords: Consumer behaviour, Consumption pattern, individual preference, age, digital news

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p> </p><p>Youths and adolescents have for a long period of time, and at a high degree, beenabsent from the party political stage. The causes for this have been discussed inthis essay through a quantitative survey made in an upper secondary school class,consisting of some 19 subjects in the municipality of Kalmar. Tied together withrelevant literature and discourse on the subject, the essay has dealt with thepossible societal-, system- and individual barriers for political interest andinvolvement. Central questions for this essay has been for instance; age, gender,social background, geographical domicile, as well as the decline of ideology, theforms of current party politics, political interest, political engagement and soforth. The concluding remarks contain not only a mix of these barriers existing,not exclusively, for young and adolescents but different ground for them as well.On the one hand, there exist barriers which exclude youth from the conventionalpolitical life, but on the other, the more individualised youth of today, prefer to agreater extent not to participate under the conventional circumstances that partypolitics has to offer. This adds up to one of the most challenging democraticproblems facing Swedish modern day democracy.Youths and adolescents have for a long period of time, and at a high degree, beenabsent from the party political stage. The causes for this have been discussed inthis essay through a quantitative survey made in an upper secondary school class,consisting of some 19 subjects in the municipality of Kalmar. Tied together withrelevant literature and discourse on the subject, the essay has dealt with thepossible societal-, system- and individual barriers for political interest andinvolvement. Central questions for this essay has been for instance; age, gender,social background, geographical domicile, as well as the decline of ideology, theforms of current party politics, political interest, political engagement and soforth. The concluding remarks contain not only a mix of these barriers existing,not exclusively, for young and adolescents but different ground for them as well.On the one hand, there exist barriers which exclude youth from the conventionalpolitical life, but on the other, the more individualised youth of today, prefer to agreater extent not to participate under the conventional circumstances that partypolitics has to offer. This adds up to one of the most challenging democraticproblems facing Swedish modern day democracy.</p>