This study was done with the aim of seeing what space local history gets in the teaching of some selected middle school teachers in Ronneby municipality and what didactic considerations the teachers make in this work. Local history opens for collaboration with other institutions in society such as museums and associations, does the interviewed teachers have any experience with that and what are their thoughts on these collaborations? For the study, a qualitative interview study was chosen with five teachers  working in fourth-sixth grade in Ronneby municipality. The interviews were of a semi-structured nature to allow the teachers' own thoughts and reflections to emerge. Five teachers from four schools participated in the study, where the two teachers from the same school wished to participate together as both had taught the subject in different periods. The distribution between rural and urban schools is even. All the teachers in the study had worked with local history in their teaching in different ways and to varying degrees. Having various kinds of walks in the vicinity of the school was something everyone had done. Also, stories about the massacre in Ronneby 1564 was something that all teachers included in their lessons. Time, finances, and lack of knowledge were factors that the teachers saw as difficulties in working with local history. The teachers highlighted aspects such as increased interest in the students when the teaching comes close to the students; the possibility of concretization with the help of the local; as well as advantages of more practical teaching where several senses are activated. The rural schools had been involved and are still involved in projects with museums and local associations, while the urban schools were more dependent on the knowledge and initiative of the individual teacher. All the teachers were positive about collaborations and would have liked more external initiatives to contact the teachers, as it becomes easy to deprioritize if the teachers themselves must manage the contact.

This study seeks to understand how young Swedish Jews experience their Jewishness in contemporary Sweden. Many have tried to understand Jewishness through surveys. However, this study uses a qualitative approach as well as the lens of lived religion and theories of practice to move focus to how people do their Jewishness. This means focusing on how young people make sense of their Jewishness by what they do and how it feels for them. Through ethnographic interviews, shared experiences and by using the insider/researcher position as a tool, the ambiguous ways in which young Swedish Jews do their Jewishness becomes visible. As the results show, young Swedish Jews carry out both individual and communal Jewish practices. Doing Jewishness on your own can mean doing “weird things”; to carry out unconventional, self-created, Jewish practices. It can also be about carrying on tradition; meaning reproducing more traditional Jewish practices, but with a high level of agency. When doing Jewishness together a “magical feeling of togetherness” and feelings of belonging showed to be important aspects. Ultimately, all these Jewish practices are formed by ambiguous elements such as creativity, temporality, agency, and negotiation. When doing Jewishness, regardless of whether it is about going to synagogue: “goggan”, planting avocado seeds, or creating your own interpretation of kosher, the young Swedish Jews negotiate between what is meaningful for them and what is possible in the context of the majority society. In sum, this alternative approach to Jewish experience, where its meaning is not predetermined by researchers or Jewish institutions, can challenge our understanding of what it means to be a young Jew in Sweden today.

[pt] Esta dissertação busca investigar a importância do aprender fazendo, como uma forma de adquirir e compartilhar o conhecimento, por meio do ensino-aprendizagem no design. O estudo faz uma revisita às origens do aprender fazendo que, combinadas às tecnologias existentes em diferentes períodos da história foram determinantes para o desenvolvimento do conhecimento (social, econômico e tecnológico) da humanidade. A pesquisa também procura apresentar pontos de convergência entre o processo evolutivo humano realizado pelo aprender fazendo e as demandas do período vigente. O trabalho se insere em um paralelo entre a prática do design analógico do passado, com o futuro-presente da era digital no design, gradualmente modificada com a chegada da revolução computacional e as novas tecnologias. De acordo com Klaus Schwab (2018, p.11), a Quarta Revolução Industrial será responsável por uma transformação tecnológica que mudará a maneira como vivemos, trabalhamos e nos relacionamos. A Internet de alta velocidade será uma das principais impulsionadoras desta transformação, permitindo acessar a informação e o conhecimento a qualquer momento e qualquer lugar. Uma mudança que exigirá do modelo de ensino tradicional adaptações constantes no processo de ensino-aprendizagem entre professores e designers em formação, que ganhará mais autonomia ao ser estimulado pela prática do aprender fazendo. Para realização desta dissertação será feita uma pesquisa teórica, documental e bibliográfica, para entender como a prática do aprender fazendo, associada às novas tecnologias, pode ajudar na formação de designers do século XXI / [en] This dissertation seeks to investigate the importance of learning by doing, as a way of acquiring and sharing knowledge, through teaching-learning in design. The study revisits the origins of learning by doing, which, combined with existing technologies in different periods of history, were decisive for the development of knowledge (social, economic and technological) of humanity. The research also seeks to present points of convergence between the human evolutionary process carried out by learning by doing and the demands of the current period. The work is part of a parallel between the practice of analog design of the past, with the present-future of the digital age in design, gradually modified with the arrival of the computational revolution and new technologies. According to Klaus Schwab (2018, p.11), the Fourth Industrial Revolution will be responsible for a technological transformation that will change the way we live, work and relate. High-speed Internet will be one of the main drivers of this transformation, allowing access to information and knowledge anytime and anywhere. A change that will require constant adaptations of the traditional teaching model in the teaching-learning process between teachers and designers in training, who will gain more autonomy when stimulated by the practice of learning by doing. In order to carry out this dissertation, a theoretical, documentary and bibliographic research will be carried out, to understand how the practice of learning by doing, associated with new technologies, can help in the training of 21st century designers.

Den här uppsatsen undersöker könsmönster inom nätdejting. Fokus ligger på vilka aspekter som anses vara viktiga att framhäva i en manlig respektive kvinnlig nätdejtingprofil samt hur roller och ansvar i parbildningen fördelas över kön. Syftet är att genom ett performativt synsätt undersöka ifall den svenska kontexten av uppfattad sexuell liberalism, jämställdhet, social inbundenhet och digitalisering framkallat mindre traditionella könsmönster inom svensk nätdejting. Den tidigare forskningen talar för att nätdejting tenderar att följa traditionella könsmönster, men litteraturen innehåller få exempel från Sverige. Datamaterialet utgörs av textinlägg i diskussionstrådar på två av Sveriges största internetforum, Flashback och Familjeliv. Diskussionerna innehåller råd och berättelser om hur nätdejtare av olika kön ska utforma sina profiler och sin interaktion, något vi läser som bokstavliga instruktioner för hur kön ska ”göras”. Totalt har 111 sidor med textinlägg hämtats och analyserats. Oavsett kön så är det enligt materialet viktigt att nätdejtare är tydliga med att visa upp hur man ser ut från flera vinklar, samt berätta vem man är, vad man tycker om och inte tycker om. Det framgår att användare tenderar råda varandra att utforma sina profiler i linje med det stereotypt attraktiva för respektive kön, men även att profiler ges delvis olika funktion beroende på kön. Män förväntas vara den aktiva initiativtagaren och behöver därför skapa en profil med kapacitet att sticka ut i mängden av andra män och fånga intresse. Kvinnor förväntas vara passiva och kan skapa en profil utformad för att underlätta för mannen samt på förhand ”sålla” bort de ointressanta i mängden av initiativtagare. Funktionerna svarar till typiska interaktionsmönster inom nätdejtinglitteraturen, där män tenderar att ”tråla” – gilla/skriva till så många som möjligt - medan kvinnor är mer återhållsamma och undviker att inleda kontakter. Resultateten pekar mot att dessa mönster inte nödvändigtvis återskapas frivilligt. Avslutningsvis skildrar undersökningen hur miljöerna som nätdejtingtjänster utgör inte sällan leder till frustration och bitterhet bland användarna, och det påpekas att den svenska kontexten inte verkar ha lett till tydligt utstickande könsmönster gällande profilskapande eller parbildning.

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Denna studie syftar till att bidra med kunskap om avgörande faktorer vid planering och genomförande av utomhuspedagogik i matematikundervisningen i årskurs 1–3. Detta genom att undersöka vilka faktorer som avgör att lärare undervisar matematik utomhus samt hur de planerar och genomför detta. Utifrån en kvalitativ intervjustudie har två lärare med utomhuspedagogisk erfarenhet intervjuats. Resultaten visar att lärare undervisar matematik utomhus för att skapa en växelverkan mellan teoretiska och praktiska kunskaper där praktiska kunskaper utomhus kompletterar teoretiska kunskaper inomhus. En annan faktor som avgör är att lärare ser ett behov hos eleverna att få lära med hela kroppen samt med olika sinnen. Lärare vill därmed erbjuda en variation av lärmiljöer och arbetssätt för att ge alla elever chans att lära. Ytterligare en faktor som avgör att lärare väljer att flytta ut matematikundervisningen från klassrummet är att de ser att elevernas motivation samt engagemang ökar vid lärande utomhus. I resultatet framkom det även att lärare lägger mer tid på planering inför undervisning utomhus då främst skapande av vattentåligt lektionsmaterial skapas och lamineras. Undantag är de gånger som undervisningen enbart utförs med hjälp av material som hämtas i naturen. Avslutningsvis visade studien att lärare planerar och genomför matematikundervisning utomhus där eleverna får arbeta praktiskt, i elevnära och autentiska situationer samt genom samarbete. Slutligen menade lärarna i denna studie att det krävs mycket av deras tid och energi för att undervisa utomhuspedagogiskt men att de har igen det i form av elevernas glädje och engagemang till undervisningen. ”Det krävs mycket av mig som lärare, men jag har igen det. Det är värt varenda sekund när man ser elevernas glädje” (Anna).

Att arbeta med kvalitet inom verksamheter enligt lag (1993:387) om stöd och service till vissa funktionshindrade (LSS) innefattar att ta hänsyn till lagstadgade kvalitetskrav och styrande standarder, samtidigt som brukarnas individuella behov ska vara vägledande och tillgodoses genom stödet som ges i brukarnära verksamheter. Trots lagstadgade krav på att kvaliteten i verksamheterna ska säkras, följas upp och förbättras är det sällan definierat hur arbetet ska bedrivas och utformas för att leda till god kvalitet. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur kvalitet görs inom LSS-verksamheter samt vilka aspekter som på olika sätt påverkar kvalitetsarbetet inom dessa verksamheter. I studien har en kvalitativ forskningsansats med intervjuer som datainsamlingsmetod använts. Det empiriska materialet i studien utgörs av intervjuer med nio respondenter som arbetar inom verksamheter som bedrivs enligt LSS. Resultatet visar att kvalitet till största del görs på individnivå, i den brukarnära verksamheten där personalen spelar en viktig roll. Betydelsen av goda relationer mellan personal och brukare samt gott bemötande från personalen framstår som de viktigaste aspekterna för kvalitet inom LSS-verksamheter. Samtidigt visar resultatet att personal och chefer inom denna typ av människobehandlande organisationer är beroende av det organisatoriska sammanhanget och styrs av de lagstadgade kvalitetskrav som råder inom dessa organisationer. Kraven på kvalitet som organisationer har att förhålla sig till står inte alltid i samklang med kvalitetsarbetet som görs i den brukarnära verksamheten, vilket pekar på den paradox som uppstår mellan kvalitet i teorin och praktiken. Studiens resultat belyser vikten av att förstå kvalitet utifrån flera olika aspekter för att skapa en helhetsbild av vad som upplevs vara kvalitet inom verksamheter enligt LSS. / Working with quality within operations according to the Act (1993:387) on Support and Service for Persons with Certain Functional Impairments (LSS) involves considering statutory quality requirements and governing standards, while also ensuring that the individual needs of users are guiding and met through the support provided in user-oriented operations. Despite statutory requirements to ensure, follow up, and improve the quality of operations, it is seldom defined how the work should be conducted and structured to lead to good quality. The purpose of this study is to examine how quality is achieved within LSS operations and which aspects influence quality work within these operations in various ways. The study employs a qualitative research approach with interviews as the data collection method. The empirical material in the study consists of interviews with nine respondents working within operations conducted according to LSS. The results show that quality is made at the individual level, in the user-oriented operations where the staff play a significant role. The importance of good relationships between staff and users, as well as polite treatment from staff, emerges as the most important aspects of quality within LSS operations. At the same time, the results show that staff and managers within this type of human service organizations are dependent on the organizational context and governed by statutory quality requirements prevailing within these organizations. The quality requirements that organizations must adhere to do not always aling with the quality work in user-oriented operations, indicating the paradox that arises between quality in theory and practice. The results of the study highlight the importance of understanding quality from several different aspects to create a comprehensive understanding of what is perceived as quality within operations according to LSS.

Background: Unemployment increases the risk of income loss, lower wages upon reemployment, and adverse effects on mental and physical health, particularly for individuals of lower socioeconomic status. Long-term unemployment doubles the risk of mental illness and physical conditions such as heart attacks and strokes. Job loss can also lead to social isolation, as work is crucial to social engagement and status. Entrepreneurship is a solution to unemployment, fostering economic growth, innovation, and industry diversification. Purpose: This study examines how external enablers, specifically the Ease of Doing Business and digital infrastructure, influence the relationship between unemployment and the creation of new businesses. The research aims to understand how the external environment shapes entrepreneurial decisions among the unemployed by focusing on these factors. Insights from this study can inform policymakers of the importance of creating supportive conditions for entrepreneurship to address unemployment and promote economic growth.      Method: This quantitative study employs mediation analysis based on Baron and Kenny's (1986) method to investigate the potential mediating effects of Ease of Doing Business and digital infrastructure on the relationship between unemployment and new business creation. The analysis involves multiple regression to test if there is a relationship between various indirect variables and a dependent variable. Conclusion: The results indicate a negative correlation between unemployment and new business registered. The study also highlights the significant mediating effect of the Ease of Doing Business on this relationship, emphasizing the importance of strengthening a supportive business environment to encourage entrepreneurial initiatives among the unemployed. However, the study finds limited evidence supporting digital infrastructure as a mediator, suggesting a need for continued investment in this area for broader economic development. Policymakers are urged to prioritize reforms that simplify business processes and create supportive ecosystems to facilitate entrepreneurship and drive sustained economic growth.

El presente trabajo de suficiencia profesional estudia el sector de tiendas por departamento en el mercado peruano durante los años 2009 y 2017. Asimismo, explica cuáles fueron las estrategias y formas de ingreso de las principales tiendas por departamento extranjeras en el Perú y las teorías que se encuentran detrás de su incursión. De la misma forma, el objetivo principal de esta investigación es establecer la relación que existe entre los factores macroeconómicos con la internacionalización de las tiendas por departamento en el mercado peruano durante el periodo 2009 al 2017. Además, se empleó una investigación cuantitativa, de alcance correlacional, diseño longitudinal no experimental de tendencia. También, se usó la técnica estadística no paramétrica bajo el análisis correlacional de Rho Spearman. Mediante el uso de la herramienta estadística informática SPSS se comprobó que si existe correlación entre los factores macroeconómicos y la internacionalización de las tiendas por departamento Saga Falabella, Ripley y Almacenes Paris en el mercado peruano. Para el caso de Saga Falabella, el índice de competitividad es el que presenta mayor incidencia en la internacionalización de la misma en el Perú durante los años 2009 y 2017. En cuanto a Tiendas por departamento Ripley, el PBI es el indicador que se correlaciona con mayor significancia. Sin embargo, es importante mencionar que, debido a la poca información disponible para Almacenes París, se decidió desarrollar un análisis descriptivo evolutivo a través de gráficos donde se visualizó que los indicadores macroeconómicos que se correlacionan con la internacionalización de la empresa durante los años 2013 y 2017 fueron la competitividad, el riesgo país y el ranking Doing Business publicado por el Banco Mundial. / The present work of professional sufficiency studies the sector of the department stores in the Peruvian market during the years 2009 and 2017. In addition, it is explained which were the strategies and income forms of the main foreign department stores and the theories that are behind their incursion.In the same way, the main objective of this research is to establish the relationship that exists between macroeconomic factors with the internationalization of department stores in the Peruvian market during the period 2009 to 2017.Also, the type of research used was quantitative, correlational, non-experimental longitudinal trend design. The statistical technique used was correlational analysis of Rho Spearman. Using the statistical tool SPSS, it is verified whether there is a correlation between macroeconomic factors and the internationalization of department stores Saga Falabella, Ripley and Almacenes París in the Peruvian market. In the case of the Saga Falabella, the competency index is the most important presentation in the internationalization of the same in Peru during the years 2009 and 2017. As for Department Stores Ripley, the GDP is the indicator that correlates with greater significance. However, it is important to mention that, due to the little information available for Almacenes París, an evolutive descriptive analysis can be developed through the graphs showing the macroeconomic indicators that correlate with the internationalization of the company during the years 2013 and 2017. And the results were competitiveness, country risk and ranking Doing Business publishes by the World Bank. / Tesis

Socionomprogrammet i Sverige är en generalistutbildning som ska ge förberedelser inför arbetslivet som socionom. Vi upplever att flertal socionomstudenter är fundersamma om deras kunskaper från och förberedelser i utbildningen är tillräckliga för att ta sig an arbetsuppgifter som socionomer. Studiens syfte är att undersöka nuvarande och tidigare socionomstudenters upplevelse av kunskap och förberedelse inför arbetslivet, kopplat till olika ämnesområden, samt undervisnings- och examinationsformer. Valet av kvantitativ metod och enkät som mätinstrument baserades på att vi ville nå ut till fler personer och få en större överblick av situationen. Studien genomfördes på Hälsohögskolan i Jönköping och populationen valdes ut genom ett strategiskt urval, utifrån studiens frågeställningar.  Studien genomfördes i samarbete med socionomstudenter i termin 6 och socionomer som examinerades 2018. I resultatet framgår det att kunskap och förberedelse är sammankopplat, hög upplevd kunskap i ett område är kopplat till starkare känsla av förberedelse i ämnesområdet. Generellt är respondenterna neutrala eller lätt positiva kring sin förberedelse inför arbetslivet som socionom. Utmärkande var att VFUn ansågs vara det mest givande under hela utbildningen. / The social work program in Sweden is a generalist education that will prepare students for social working tasks. Our experience is that a lot of social work students are questioning whether their knowledge and preparations from the social work program are enough to prepare them for employment as social workers. The aim of this study is to examine current social work students and newly graduated social workers experience of knowledge and preparedness to work. Different topic areas, form of teaching, and form of examinations are surveyed. Choosing quantitative methods and survey as our instrument, was based on the fact that we wanted to reach more people and get a larger overview of the situation. The study was conducted at School of Health and Welfare in Jönköping, the population was strategically selected based on its relevance of the study topic.  The study was conducted with students attending their 6th semester and with social work students who graduated in 2018. Descriptive statistics were computed. The results reveal that knowledge and preparedness are connected, knowledge in one area is linked to preparedness to work with that area. Generally, the respondents are neutral or slightly positive about their preparedness to work. Periods on internship / working placement (VFU) was considered as the form of education that generated the strongest effect on preparedness out of the entire social work program.