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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
111

國民小學經營效率及影響因素之研究 / Efficiency performance and impact factors analyses of elementary schools in Taiwan

方芳蘭, Fang, Fang Lan Unknown Date (has links)
近年來政府財政資源逐年緊縮,但社會大眾對教育品質之要求與日遽增,繼之以近年來少子化之情形日趨嚴重,國民小學開始衍生學生不足及規模過小問題,導致教育投資無效率的情形發生,因此著重衡量投入與產出關係的經營效率概念,成為未來學校經營的重點。本研究綜合實務及理論之觀察,在考量投入與產出評估之觀點下,經由投入及產出指標之計算,進行我國國民小學經營效率之評估,並探討影響我國國民小學經營效率之各項因素驗證其影響,提出增進學校經營效率之建議與策略。 本研究評估我國國小經營效率,以台北市75所公立國小為研究樣本,採用97年度國小歲出計畫預算扣除人事費用之預算、教職員人數、校地面積為投入項,國小六年級國語科、數學科基本能力測驗精熟級以上通過人數、各校市級比賽得分、新生報到人數為產出項,並蒐集各校背景及教師素質、家長社經背景及學區因素等變項資料,藉由資料包絡分析法及Tobit迴歸分析,獲得台北市各公立國小之各項效率結果,及影響學校效率之各項因素分析。主要研究發現:(一)台北市國小技術效率表現尚佳。(二)學校普遍出現學生規模不足情形。(三)、學校成本效率表現普遍不佳。(四)效率表現較佳學校具有學生數多、設校時間較短、家長社經背景較佳特徵。(五)學校間學業成就表現差距較小,但各校師生多元表現表現差距較大。(六)在台北市國民小學經營效率調整方面,現有投入水準下產出有不足之情形,在現有產出水準下則有投入有過多之情形。影響學校經營效率之因素方面,學校特性中只有教師性別、學校成員、學校設立時間對學校經營效率有向顯著之影響;學生家長社會經濟背景方面,學校低收入戶及原住民學生比率越高對學校效率有顯著的負面影響,其餘因素影響並不顯著。學區環境部分,學校所處區位都市化程度越高效率越好,位於住宅區之學校效率優於其他各區。針對研究結果,提出下列建議。(一)規模過小學校,宜進行各項資源整合利用。(二)推動教師專業評鑑及落實考核。(三)建立教育績效責任制提升學校效率。(四)國小校務評鑑可同時有量化及質化之評鑑。(五)教育經費編列宜考量學校背景之差異性。(六)建議教育行政機關建立整合電腦資料庫以利未來研究。 / Recent year the budget of government is tightening, but our expectation of the educational quality is never less than before. However, the birth rate of Taiwan decreases sharply during decades. It makes the problem that our elementary schools lacking scale of economies are more serious. By literatures reviewing, we find that most of them emphasize on effectiveness of elementary school but efficiency. If we ignore the viewpoint of efficiency, we will not catch the whole-picture of elementary schools’ performance. In this dissertation, we are not only examining the efficiency performance of elementary schools’ but also testing the impact of exogenous variables to efficiency. On first stage, We select half of elementary school of Taipei city as our empirical samples, and use data envelopment analysis (DEA)to examine their efficiency performance that include cost efficiency, scale efficiency, technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency ,and allocative efficiency. The result suggests that the sample school have a medium-high technical efficiency performance but poor cost efficiency. Technical efficiency performance is better than allocative and scale efficiency performance. We also confirm a problem that we expect our elementary schools lacking scale of economies. On the second stage, we use Tobit regression method to test our three hypotheses, The empirical result show (1)the evidence support our school characteristic hypothesis that school-specific factors (including the female faculty proportion, teaching experience of teachers, and involvement of teachers) have significant effect to efficiency performance of elementary school.(2) the evidence also support our socioeconomic hypothesis that students’ socioeconomic status (including the family situation and family financial condition) have significant effect to efficiency performance.(3) Our location hypothesis that the school district characteristic (including population density of district and location factor) have significant effect to efficiency performance is supported too.
112

臺北縣政府稅捐稽徵處效率之研究:三階段資料包絡分析法之應用 / A study of efficiency of taipei county revenue service office:the 3-stage dea approach

劉學文, Liu, Hsueh Wen Unknown Date (has links)
本研究以臺北縣政府稅捐稽徵處為對象,採用2001-2008年資料,共有56筆樣本資料進行實證研究。應用三階段DEA作為分析模型,以滿足產出多樣、品質差異及產出環境各異之特殊要求。考量稅捐稽徵處特性下,探討其經營效率,提出改善經營效率之政策性建議,以提升有限資源的效率化利用。 臺北縣政府稅捐稽徵處之經營效率值(三階段純技術效率值)評估之結果為1.0186。研究發現,若未摒除稅捐稽徵處所提供服務的不同產出品質,以及受到環境變數之影響,經營效率值將會低估44.16%。此外,若未考量規模效率,經營效率值也會高估18.23%。 實證結果顯示,利用DEA對於本文地方稅分類方式分析,會產生很好的效果。透過本文提供的分類方法,管理機關可獲得較為有效的管理方式。再者,依據隨機邊界法分析、產出投入比與效率值的相關分析等結果,各地方稅的管理單位應可瞭解其擁有資源的優劣勢,以改善其相對無效率或進步緩慢的窘境。 / This research tries to estimate the operational efficiency of Taipei County Revenue Service Office using empirical data from 2001 to 2008. In order to meet the characteristics including various outputs, different output qualities and specific production environments, 3-stage DEA model is chosen and modified for empirical study. The findings of this research may give policy suggestions to improve the operational efficiency. The estimated operational efficiency, the pure technical efficiency in third stage, is 1.0186. The study shows the operational efficiency will be underestimated by 44.16% if output quality variable and production environment variable are ignored. In addition, if scale efficiency is not taken under consideration, the efficiency will be overestimated by 18.23%. Empirical results indicate that DEA is an effective approach applied to the local tax classification model of this study. Furthermore, according to the findings of SFA analysis, output-input ratio and efficiency index, each management unit of local tax could find out its strength and weakness of resources endowment to improve the relative inefficiency and to make progress in the future.
113

稅金增額融資(TIF)財務機制之研究-以桃園機場捷運建設為例 / A study on financial mechanism of tax increment financing-the case study of Taiwan Taoyuan international airport MRT

蘇偉強, Su, Wei Chiang Unknown Date (has links)
交通運輸建設與土地開發互為影響,目前台灣交通建設所產生之土地開發效益卻未與公共財務支出連結。導致中央補助出資之交通運輸建設所隱含之「成本」,與伴隨地方發展之土地開發所牽涉之「收益」,形成「中央支出、地方收益」及「地主受益、全民買單」之不公平現象。過去文獻卻仍未就財政面與財務面探討有效之解決機制。 本研究首先檢視區段徵收、工程受益費與都市建設捐等國內財務機制,並引進「稅金增額融資(Tax Increment Financing, TIF)制度」。利用財政努力之公平與效率指標,比較各財務機制,顯示TIF之公平性與效率性皆為最佳。TIF制度為美國地方政府常用之財政、財務自償工具之一。TIF係政府部門透過TIF特區之劃定收取未來價值(value capture),將未來公共建設與生活環境之投資與改善,所帶來未來稅基增加及稅金增額之結果作為償還交通建設經費之擔保,藉以融資。故TIF係依「專款專用」精神,並利用稅收合理分配方式,將成本與收益確實連結,以達財政與財務自償。 TIF為一財政與財務運用工具,但過去於財政上多運用於都市更新機制,較少運用於公共建設,似乎侷限其功能性;而財務面則甚少探討其TIF特區最適範圍,常逕由申請單位劃定明確範圍,似乎缺乏財務可信度。故本研究選定桃園機場捷運為個案,從財務面探討TIF特區之最適範圍。先以財務模擬,設定基本假設與相關參數,並求得成本與收益項目,以進行財務現金流量分析。而後利用財務比例分析法,進行自償率、投資效益與融資可行性等三項分析。最後再以敏感度分析,求出敏感變數。分析結果顯示納入稅金增額收入後,車站半徑300公尺範圍作為TIF特區範圍A21可達自償;500公尺則A2、A21可達自償;800公尺則A2、A7、A15、A21四個站皆能達到自償。而敏感度分析結果顯示稅金增額收入確為敏感變數之一。本研究利用「時間固定、範圍變動」之自償分析,顯示不同環境變數下,TIF最適範圍亦不同,故應以財務分析方式進行範圍劃定。 最後,本研究根據美國TIF實施經驗,納入最適範圍財務自償分析,建立交通運輸建設TIF財務機制。該機制係將交通運輸建設所造成之土地開發效益,轉化為土地稅稅金增額,並挹注至交通運輸建設成本當中,使計畫能達到自償。未來實施該機制,應著重專責機關建立、執行法制化、民眾觀念建立、稅收分配管理、財務變數之制度與政策設計、財務機制確實運用等面向之執行,使該機制能於國內順利推動,以解決建設財源問題,並期望藉以紓緩地方財政困境。
114

育成中心經營效率之研究

曾宏昌 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究從經營效率的觀點,以國內接受政府補助的62所育成中心為對象,採用資料包絡分析法(DEA)、單因子變異數分析、二元羅吉特斯迴歸分析及Tobit迴歸分析進行評估,以探討不同組織型態及所在地區之育成中心經營效率之差異及影響育成中心經營效率之因子並探討育成中心經營效率與進駐企業之關連性。DEA部分以投入面導向衡量,並以單因子變異數分析檢視育成中心地理區位與育成中心母體組織類型的經營效率差別,二元羅吉特斯部分以將育成中心效率值進一步分類為「經營無效率」及「經營有效率」,並納入資金取得及企業回饋變項,以探討不同組織型態及所在地區之育成中心經營效率之差異。Tobit迴歸分析則分別以育成中心整體效率值及純技術效率值為應變項,測試企業獲獎數、企業獲得補助之金額、企業回饋金額對效率的影響。實證的結果顯示,不同母體組織類型及不同地理區位的育成中心其效率表現並無顯著差異,而且資金取得及企業回饋亦未能證明影響育成中心之經營效率,但育成中心可藉由企業獲獎數及企業回饋金額的增加,來提升其純技術效率或藉由企業回饋金額的增加,來提升其整體技術效率。
115

編製台灣金融情況指數之可行性研究 / The feasibility study on building Taiwan financial conditions index

郭涵如 Unknown Date (has links)
金融情況指數(FCI)是欲融合影響實質經濟活動過程不同貨幣傳遞管道,描述實際金融市場情形,被定義為金融變數與經濟活動之間的關係,主要是描述一些金融變數如何影響經濟現有以及未來的經濟情況,觀察執政者是否能透過執行政策使經濟活動獲得改變,甚或是推斷未來經濟情勢的特性。 在之前國內建立的金融情況指數研究文章僅包括了利率、匯率與資產價格的貨幣傳遞過程,但信用傳遞過程對於現今總體經濟影響的重要性也不容小覷。本文即嘗試加入信用傳遞管道相關變數,依據Jan Hatzius et al.(2010)針對美國所建構的金融情況指數所選取的變數,依照台灣目前現有金融市場的變數或是具有相同概念之變數作為選取,透過主成分分析法挑選並建立五個小指標,再將小指標簡單平均,經過三次平滑樣條消除雜訊後建構出金融情況指數。 研究結果顯示,於2003年2月至2010年12月期間,金融情況指數確實對於景氣情況之預測具有一定的實質幫助。以同時指標綜合指數當作台灣當前景氣狀況,金融情況指數的預測能力平均為55.3%。使用向量自我迴歸模型可發現金融情況指數在5%顯著水準下,前8期大都對於當期同時指標綜合指數具有影響力,而應用Granger因果關係檢定結果,在5%顯著水準下,金融情況指數具有領先同時指標綜合指數之關係。
116

教育學門系所評鑑指標體系建構之研究 / Research on the evaluation indicators of educational departments and graduate schools of educational discipline

林筠諺, Lin, Yun Yan Unknown Date (has links)
本研究旨在探討教育學門系所評鑑的理論和執行相關課題,並建構教育學門系所評鑑指標權重體系,提供執行教育學門系所評鑑之參考。經由文獻分析,初擬教育學門系所評鑑指標,選取系所評鑑委員和系所主管共計16人為研究對象,使用模糊德懷術建構教育學門系所評鑑指標體系架構,再以網絡分析法建立評鑑指標的相對權重體系。研究結果指出,教育學門系所評鑑指標體系包含行政管理、環境設備、課程規劃、教師教學、學生學習、專業表現、經營成效等七個向度和17個次向度與65項評鑑指標。最後,本研究針對主管教育行政機關、辦理教育學門系所評鑑單位、教育學門系所及後續研究者提出具體建議。 / The study explored the relevant theoretical foundation and practical issues about the evaluation for educational departments and graduate schools. The study also proposed an evaluation indicator weighting system for educational departments and graduate schools in higher education. By reviewing relevant academic literature, the preliminary evaluative indicators were proposed. Sixteen experts who are university program evaluators or chairpersons of departments and graduate schools were the testing samples. This study adopted the Fuzzy Delphi method to build a framework of the evaluation indicator system. In addition, the relative weight of each evaluation indicator was assessed by the Analysis Network Process. The results showed that the conceptual framework of the evaluation indicator system containing 7 dimensions, 17 sub-dimensions, and 65 indicators. The seven dimensions are administrative management, environment and equipments, curriculum planning, faculty’s teaching, student’s learning, professional performance, and operative outcomes. Finally, suggestions were proposed to educational authority, institutions of program evaluation, educational departments and graduate schools, and further researchers.
117

運用土地開發分析法建立地價評估機率模型 / The use of the land development analysis to establish the probability model of premium assessment

林俊豪 Unknown Date (has links)
土地開發分析法是開發人員與估價師評估土地價格的重要方法之一,然而不同從業人員針對相同標的估值往往不盡相同,是估價人員的偏誤造成價格上的差異?抑或是估價人員運用土地開發分析法時,各項投入參數差異所產生?本研究以台北市公開標售成交地價與上市建設公司評估台北市地價分別分析,利用@Risk尋找土地開發分析法各項投入參數可能的機率分配型態,再以蒙地卡羅模擬分析建立土地開發分析價格的機率模型,並利用平均絕對百分比誤差(MAPE)、命中率(hit Rate)及交插驗證(cross-validation)做為機率模型預測估值優劣程度的衡量標準,比較「公開標售」組與「評估地價」組兩者機率模型何者預測能力。結果發現「評估資料」組的估值準確性較佳,「公開標售」組所建立之機率模型較不具預測效果。而三種適合度檢定之機率模型則是以A-D適合度檢定所建立之機率模型表現最佳(MAPE為14.98%,誤差±10% Hit-rate為38.46%,誤差±20% Hit-rate為71.43%)。本文透過機率模型的建立,考量不動產開發隱含之風險,呈現估值的結果由定值轉變為區間;考量不同估價人員或開發業者間,對於相同投入參數不同認知的情形;本模型將對地價敏感性較大之投入參數由定值轉為機率密度函數,較估價人員或開發業者主觀認定各項投入參數之變動更為客觀;可應用於大量估價,亦可作為估價人員或開發業者評估土地時,價格之參考 / Land development analysis is one of the developers and valuers assessment of land price method, different practitioners, however, is often not the same for the valuation of the same subject, valuers bias caused by the difference in price? Or valuers use of the land development analysis, the various input parameters the differences? In this study, turnover in Taipei sale by public tender premium and public listed construction company to assess the land value of Taipei City were analyzed, Looking for land development analysis the probability distribution of possible input parameters using the @ Risk, useing Monte Carlo simulation analysis to establish the land development analysis of the price of the probability model, and using the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), the hit rate and cross-validation as a probability model to predict the measure of the quality and extent of the valuation, "open auction” group and “assess the premium” group between the two probability model may be predictive ability. The results showed that the valuation accuracy of the assessment information group better probability model created by the sale by public tender group compared with no predictive effect. Three kinds of fit test of the probability model is based on the AD for degree verification to establish the probability model the best performing (MAPE of 14.98%, the error is ± 10% Hit-the rate is 38.46%, the error is ± 20% the Hit-the rate is 71.43% ). Through the establishment of the probability model, consider the real estate development implied the risk of showing the results of the valuation by the valuation change interval; considerations between the different valuation or development industry, for the same input parameters of different cognitive situations; this model will have premium The larger sensitivity of the input parameters from the given value to the probability density function over valuation or development industry subjective judgments more objective changes of the input parameters; can be applied to a large number of valuation, assessment of land may be used as the valuation or development industryWhen the reference price.
118

微少量グラファイト化ラインの検討

Nakamura, Toshio, Minami, Masayo, Kato, Tomomi, 中村, 俊夫, 南, 雅代, 加藤, ともみ 03 1900 (has links)
名古屋大学年代測定総合研究センターシンポジウム報告
119

我國各縣市整體環保績效之研究 / The Performance Evaluation of Environmental Protection in Taiwan’s Local Governments

游京晶, Yu, Jing Jing Unknown Date (has links)
台灣1970年代以來經濟起飛,人民生活日漸富裕,隨著經濟實力成長,同時也犧牲了環境,為了使人類永續發展,人民開始重視環境保護,要求政府改善以維護生活品質。因此環保投入的效率成為重要的研究課題。 本研究目的以資料包絡分析法建立客觀的「投入-產出」模型,來評估2001年至2010年各縣市環保機關在空氣、噪音、水及廢棄物污染防制的續效表現,再分析各縣市環保機關整體績效,並研究四個環保評估面向影響整體環保績效的比例為何。 實證結果發現,整體績效而言,台北市、高雄市資源雖然多,但技術仍然不足以應付沉重的環境、人口負荷量,使得投入與產出的效率不如其他縣市。並由各環保面向績效的趨勢分析發現,資源回收率的效率進步最多,水污染防制效率最差。 Tobit迴歸模型中,四個環保評估面向對整體環保面向的影響為顯著正相關,而且資源回收率效率值對整體環保效率值的影響最大,符合本研究預期。 / This research aims at assessing environmental protection performance in Taiwan’s local governments about air pollution, noise pollution, water pollution and resource recycling from 2001 to 2010 base on DEA and Tobit regression model to analyze the effect of each part’s CCR on whole Environmental Protection efficiency. The result of DEA are (1)The Taipei city and Kaohsiung are good in input than other cities, but lower than other cities in output, because there are too many population to deal with those pollution. (2)Analyzing the trend of each environmental protection part, the resource recycling make great progress. According to this study, the fore evaluations are significantly positive effect on whole performance evaluation of environmental protection. The most value is resource recycling that meet our expected
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應用專家意見評估金融市場上專家價值之研究

楊昇達, Yang, Sheng Ta Unknown Date (has links)
近年來,投資理財的重要性與日俱增;但是,一般投資大眾往往無法掌握市場運作產生的資料、資訊;一方面是因為市場上流動的資訊過多,投資大眾很難有效篩選有幫助的資訊。另一方面則是因為投資人無法了解資料的涵義;因此,聽從某些專家的意見進行投資,可能是沒有時間與信心自行研究的一般投資大眾最終選擇。但是這些市場上所謂的專家們數量眾多,提出的意見可信度究竟有多少;一般投資大眾應該採信那些專家的意見,以降低投資的風險與獲利。本研究將結合內容分析法(Content analysis)與分析網路程序法(Analytic Network Process),以專家提出的意見可信度來評估專家們的價值。預期提供投資人一個參考的依據,選擇價值較高的專家提出之意見進行研究,相信比起直接取用所有的專家意見進行分析,風險與成本會更為降低。 / Recent years, there is more and more importance in investing and managing finances. Because too many information and the investors do not understand what these data really mean, the investors do not have ability to help themselves investing and earning profit. For the investors without time or confidence, it may be the final choice that according to some opinions comes from some professors to invest. However, there are so many professors, which one’s opinion is more reliably and believable? As a general investor, will apply which opinions help us reduce risk and make profit? In this research we combine content analysis and analytic network process to evaluate the professors in the financial market by how much believable in their opinions. We expect that this will support the investor a reference materials. Comparing with analyzing all opinions in the market directly, the risk and cost will be lower if applying the opinions comes from some valuable professors.

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