本研究採用資料包絡分析法球員效率與NBA官方網站效率值來探討其對球員薪資之關聯性。本研究除探討外籍球員與美國籍球員間效率及高薪球員與低薪球員間效率差異，並同時比較資料包絡分析法(DEA)所計算之效率值與NBA官方網站所提供之效率值何者與薪資之關聯性較高。 實證結果發現，外籍球員與美國籍球員效率無顯著差異；但是高薪球員的效率顯著的優於低薪球員。另外也發現薪資與國籍間之關聯，及國籍與效率間之關聯性並不顯著。最後，在Vuong test比較資料包絡分析法之效率與NBA效率值與球員薪資間之關聯性的測試，雖然兩類效率值前一期與薪資之關聯性都成正相關，但是DEA所計算之前一期效率值高於NBA官網之前一期效率值與薪資關聯性，顯示DEA所計算之效率值可以比官網之效率值更能做為球員薪資談判之指標。 / This research applies Data Envelopment Analysis and examines the relationship between NBA players’ salaries paid and efficiency performance. The research not only compares the efficiency difference between players paid for different salaries, Local players and Foreign players, but also construct a model to examine the explanatory ability about player’s salaries between DEA efficiency scores and NBA official efficiency scores. The empirical results suggest that there is no difference between the local players and the foreign players, but the efficiency performance of high-paid players is better than the low-paid players. After we controlled the other variables, the empirical results illustrated that player’s nationality and salaries has no significant influence in player’s efficiency. The Vuong test results reveal that the pervious period DEA efficiency score demonstrated a higher explanatory ability than the pervious period NBA official efficiency score. The finding suggests that the DEA efficient approach could be a better index for players’ salaries negotiation than NBA official efficiency score.

本研究旨在運用資料包絡法(data envelopment analysis, DEA)分析「教育部公私立大學校務資訊評鑑系統」中90至92學年度我國50所大學校院在研究與教學上之經營效率。研究問題有四：(1)國內大學校院教學與研究之投入與產出性指標系統分別為何？(2)國內各大學校院之相對效率值為何？改進策略為何？(3)國內各大學校院之發展類型為何？(4)國內各大學校院之發展趨勢為何？本研究考量投入項與產出項之重要性，編製「評估我國大學校院之發展策略指標權重專家調查問卷」以國內30位高等教育行政主管為調查對象進行層級分析取得指標相對權重，並套用於確定區域模式進行效率值之估算。指標係依據文獻探討與積差相關的同向性檢定，在研究效率上選擇6個投入項及5個產出項；在教學效率上選擇7個投入項及2個產出項。所使用之統計分析包括：積差相關、層級分析法、資料包絡法(效率分析、差額變數分析、參考集合分析、Malmquist 生產力指數)、Kruska-Wallis H檢定、Mann-Whitney U檢定、Tobit迴歸。 本研究得到以下六項結論： 一、本研究依大學生產關係架構所擬定之20項指標經相關分析、專家權重以及資料包絡法三種層面之分析，可作為以效率觀點評估我國經營效率的指標系統。 二、研究投入資源重專任副教授以上人數，研究產出重專任教師發表重要期刊論文篇數；教學投入資源重專兼任教師人數，然而，授課時數與約當畢業生人數在教學產出上同等重要。 三、三個學年度間，研究面向中有5校均為整體技術有效率，40校均為整體技術無效率；教學面向中有1校均為整體技術有效率，48校均為整體技術無效率。研究與教學無效率之原因均導因於純技術無效率，分別約浪費22.4%-27.2%以及26%-27.3%的投入資源，規模無效率影響較小。 四、不同權屬別對於整體技術效率之影響，主要源自於純技術效率；不同學校規模對於整體技術效率無影響，其係綜合學校規模越大純技術效率越差，但相對規模效率越佳的結果。 五、國內各大學校院發展，研究型大學以國立大學與醫學校院為主；教學型大學以師範校院與私立大學為主。 六、就三個學年度發展趨勢，整體而言研究效率提升，教學效率衰退，而各大學發展趨勢除整體技術效率略有消長外，35校在三個學年度發展類型均為一致。 / The purpose of this study is to assess the research and teaching productivities of 50 Taiwanese universities and colleges over the period of academic years 2001-2003. Research questions include: (1)What is the index system to assess school performance? (2)How many efficiency scores do these schools get? Inefficient units can implement what kinds of improvement to achieve efficiency? (3)What are their development styles? (4)What are their development tendencies? In order to consider weight restriction on inputs and outputs, author compiles “the expert questionnaire of assessing development strategy in Taiwanese universities and colleges”, and invites 30 specialists to answer, including 15 principals in higher education institutes and superintendents from Ministry of Education and 15 professors majoring in this field. Assurance region model with weigh indexes is used to calculate the whole efficiency scores. According to the result of literature reviewing and isotonicity test, author picks out 6 inputs and 5 outputs in research dimension and 7 inputs and 2 outputs in teaching dimension. Some statistic methods are used, including Pearson correlations, analytic hierarchy process, data envelopment analysis, Kruska-Wallis H test, Mann-Whitney U test and Tobit regression. Results based on data show as follows: 1. Through statistic analysis, those indexes the author drafts can be used to assess the productivity of Taiwanese higher education institutes practically. 2. In research dimension, the most important input is the number of assist professor, output is academic paper accepted by prestigious journals. Besides, in teaching dimension, the most important input is the number of faculty; however, the amount of class hours is equal to the amount of graduates on output part. 3. In research dimension over three academic years, 5 schools were efficient in each year; however, 40 schools were inefficient in each year. Furthermore, in teaching dimension, only 1 school was efficient in each year; in contrast, 48 schools were inefficient. Both of research and teaching inefficiency mainly came from pure technical inefficiency, wasted 22.4%-27.2% and 26%-27.3% separately. 4. The effect of different authorities upon the efficiency mainly came from the pure technical efficiency. In addition, because of the effect mixed pure technical efficiency (PTE) with scale efficiency (SE) the effect of the different school scale upon the efficiency was non-significant. 5. Research universities are mostly from national universities and medical colleges. In contrast, teaching universities are mostly from private universities and normal colleges. 6. As a whole, research efficiency score grows but declines in teaching. Beside of some fluctuations on efficiency score, there are 35 schools maintain their development styles stably.

鋼情教師的背景是設在音樂被所有人視為是最崇高、重要的維也納， 艾瑞卡從小也被母親期待要成為世界聞名的鋼琴家；母親的目標使得她必須活在永無止盡的練習、競爭比賽的壓力下。本論文主要在探討書中的女性為了要在父權的菁英文化中取得一席之地、為了求更高的社經地位及物質生活而抹滅情感上的需求所產生之病態。性一向被艾瑞卡的母親視為是罪大惡極的禁忌，但壓抑身體慾望的結果使得艾瑞卡有自殘刀割下體的習慣、背著母親去看色情表演、偷窺男女在野地做愛並在性慾被撩起時有拉尿的強迫症。第一章在說明本書的研究價值、摘要小說、回顧評論、和闡述為何以資本主義社會、現代人的精神官能症、自虐症為以下兩章的主題。第二章會從佛洛依德的性壓抑而造成心理疾病的心理學角度去說明艾瑞卡所受精神官能症的病徵及原因。第三章則是研究艾瑞卡的自虐、偷窺、性虐待幻想等的變態行為的起因及心理需求。最後於第四章我用佛洛依德在文明及其不滿中的觀點，來說明個人在被過度要求、否認自我慾望的過程中，精神不但無法超脫還會導致行為、心理的脫序。女性在男性資本主義社會中容易受到經濟、性別弱勢的雙重迫害，而導致極度的不快樂。艾瑞卡就是一位盲目服膺其價值觀而受害的中產階級女性之一。 / Jelinek was often commended for her frequent critiques of consumerism and the subjugation of women in the patriarchal society. In her avowedly autobiographical novel The Piano Teacher, she again uses the life of a pathological piano teacher to reflect the cruelties and the subjugating powers inherent in the capitalistic and patriarchal society. By adopting a psychological approach, this thesis will show that Jelinek’s fiction is an account of a larger analysis of female masochism than it initially seems to be. The protagonist’s regular practice of self-mutilation is more than an individual pathology, but an allegory of the result of the violence and deprivation inflicted on the individual by the capitalist society. The thesis consists of four chapters. Chapter I is an introduction, including the overview of the novel and its critical backgrounds. In Chapter II, textual analyses as well as psychoanalysis will be made to explore the psychological depths of the protagonist’s compulsive behaviors and voyeurism. Erika’s relationships with men, especially with one of her musical students, Walter Klemmer, failed tragically and resulted in her final self-destruction. This chapter will study Erika’s neurotic personality and will investigate the factors which contribute to the protagonist’s neuroses and her consequent sufferings. In Chapter III, I will focus on studying Erika’s sadomasochistic fantasies and voyeurism; not only is she made to hurt herself in her tormenting relationship with her mother, she also repeats the sadomasochistic pattern in her relationship with Kelmmer. By researching into the causes and psychodynamics of sadomasochism, Iwill discuss why her non-erotic impulses would be transformed into perverse erotic desires and behaviors. My topics for discussion include: What caused her to develop her “perverse mechanism”? What forces propel her to live out her perversions? The answers lie in the childhood traumas inflicted by her mother and the cultural conditions which lend weight and color to the individual experiences and determine their particular forms. In order to excel and become an elite of Austrian’s high culture, Erika was made to deny her drive needs until later she can only experience a libidinal deadness. Forceful repression of her natural desires lead to her pathologies. The chapter also shows the danger of conforming too completely to the capitalistic ideology and exposes the ideology’s oppressing and alienating effects. Finally, the last chapter concludes that by presenting a cruelty revolting in its extremity, Jelinek is denouncing the Austria’s idolization of high music culture, and mourning the sacrifice of a pianist’s id under its system. Erika can be seen as the victim of society’s fetishization of petty-bourgeois values and her upbringing according to its norms. By exposing the superstructure that immobilizes her characters, Jelinek’s biting irony is directed at the capitalist superstructure and its restraining and deadening effect on the individual.

雖然國內論文對企業併購的研究不在少數，範圍涵蓋併購的動機、類型、績效、策略與法律等，但針對敵意併購的研究則甚少，且研究大多著重於目標公司反接管策略的探討，鮮少對敵意併購後的績效進行討論。因此，本研究欲藉由資料包絡分析法，衡量我國敵意併購目標公司於併購發生後的經營效率變動的情況，及探討國內企業敵意併購之動機。 本研究以1986年至2001年台灣的併購活動為研究對象，實證發現主併者在選擇善意或敵意併購目標時有所差異；主併者選擇在善意併購目標公司時，對於目標公司之經營績效並無特別偏好；但在選擇敵意併購目標公司時，則以經營效率不佳者為對象，並透過敵意併購改善其經營效率；此外，敵意併購目標公司在替換掉管理能力不佳的管理者後，其效率進步的程度大於善意併購目標公司。因此，本研究樣本顯示台灣敵意併購支持懲戒式接管的動機假設。 / / Many scholars did researches on merger and acquisition (M&A) before, and the research scope involved motives, types, performance, strategies and laws of M&A; however, few of them mentioned hostile takeovers. Besides, most of hostile takeovers researches focus on anti-takeovers defenses of target companies, only a few researches discussed about post-takeover performance after hostile takeovers. This research attempts to measure the efficiency change of target companies after hostile takeovers, and discuss the motives of hostile takeovers in Taiwanese enterprises. The sample year includes Taiwan from 1986 to 2001. The research findings reveal that in the samples of friendly takeovers, there were no specific preference for choosing the targets companies. On the other hand, in the samples of hostile takeovers cases, the research findings denote that most of the target companies were underperformance, which triggers the takeover action. Moreover, the result demonstrates that hostile takeovers present better performance improvement than friendly takeovers do. The findings support hostile takeovers disciplinary motives implication in Taiwan.

本文透過三階段資料包絡分析法評估台灣有線電視系統經營者，在面對市場結構改變與集團化趨勢下，其經營效率之表現。為了評估廠商純管理上之效率表現，必須排除經營環境差異及隨機干擾因素之影響。又由於某些組織或制度面因素亦為經營者所無法完全掌控之變數，因此，本文於環境變數之選取上，除了包含外在環境因素外，亦將組織與制度面因素一併納入考量。結果顯示，人口密集度、集團化及董事會規模與投入差額之間，皆具有正向關係，當市場結構為獨占時，亦會增加業者之投入差額，促使效率值之降低，而員工分紅及公司集權程度則與投入差額呈現反向關係，亦即公司實施員工分紅制度或集權程度愈高者，都將有助於經營效率的提升；排除環境因素前後，效率值具有顯著差異，顯示欲衡量系統業者真實之經營效率，考量環境因素確實有其必要性；此外，本文針對台灣有線電視產業五大集團進行經營效率之比較，發現小型集團因為受到經營區人口數目較少且無法跨區經營之限制，規模效率呈現偏低的情形；針對獨占造成經營效率之下降，以及小型集團受限於經營區特性，而無法提升本身經營規模之現象，本文認為政府應儘早修正跨區經營之限制，逐步擴大經營區範圍，如此才能改善目前經營區內因競爭不足而產生資源浪費之現象，使整體產業之經營效率能獲得提升。

我國自1991年後，證券商為擴大市場占有率，紛紛以購併策略來擴展營業據點；此外，近年來證券商業務朝多元化發展，過去文獻鮮少探討新金融商品業務對證券商經營效率之影響，加上網路交易之興起，改變投資人之交易習慣。究竟大型證券商比小型證券商具有較佳競爭力與經營效率？影響證券商經營效率之因素又有那些？值得進一步探究。本文以1998至2007年家專業經紀券商276個樣本及綜合券商310個樣本資料，第一階段利用資料包絡分析法分別評估專業經紀券商與綜合券商之技術效率值，第二階段利用Tobit迴歸模型探討可能造成專業經紀券商與綜合券商經營效率差異影響之因素。技術效率評估結果顯示：(一) 就專業經紀券商而言，低用人費率券商之技術效率、純粹技術效率優於高用人費率券商；(二)就綜合券商而言，具外國背景券商之技術效率、純粹技術效率優於上市櫃或具金控背景之券商。迴歸實證結果顯示：(一)股價指數對專業經紀券商與綜合券商之技術效率具正向顯著關係；(二)開辦網路下單對專業經紀券商與綜合券商之技術效率具負向顯著關係；(三)專業經紀券商之營業據點數與技術效率具負向顯著關係；(四)綜合券商之營業據點數與技術效率具正向顯著關係；(五)業務愈集中、業務風險愈高、具金控體系及上市櫃背景則對綜合券商之技術效率具負向顯著關係。

農委會為了提升網站服務品質，委託經營「休閒農業服務網」的台灣農業資訊科技發展協會執行整合旗下二十個子網站計畫，同時參加研考會的評獎，並以「政府服務品質獎評獎作業手冊」為依據，評分設計總分1000分，且應分為外部效益550分、內部效益佔150分、流程整合200分及資通訊服務導入100分。 本研究目的是訂定可衡量且相對客觀的網站績效指標，以利後續跨網站整合。透過文獻探討、深度訪談、焦點團體訪談等方式確認目前網站現況及網站重要使用者的建議，並透過AHP（Analytic Hierarchy Process；層級分析法）得到指標權重，最後與執行單位制定可衡量的關鍵績效指標。結果分為四部分。 1. 內部效益指標150分則分為實際改善程度（人力、時間及設備）及三 構面(工作士氣、配合度、協調性提升及題項改善程度)，各佔75分。 2. 外部效益指標550分共有四個構面，權重以括弧表示，依序為資訊品 質（0.34）、服務品質（0.28）、溝通品質（0.20）及系統品質（0.19）。 其中內、外部效益指標是分別透過實際改善程度及問卷評估。而流程 整合及資通訊服務導入則把焦點團體訪談的建議及休閒農業服務網未來想改進的項目彙整，最後以各類全部應改進事項總完成率計分。 3. 流程整合200分總共有十五項待改進項目，由於項目本身評鑑難易有 別，其中九項是透過焦點團體訪談評鑑，其餘六項透過專家審核。 4. 資通訊服務導入100分總共有五項待改進項目，其中四項是透過焦點 團體訪談評鑑，其餘一項透過專家審核。 本研究發展一套流程結合理論與實務，並建置非營利網站關鍵績效指標（KPI - Key Performance Indicators），以作為其他非營利網站或商務網站重要之參考。 / The Council of Agriculture authorizes Taiwan Agriculture Information Technology Association, the management team of EZGO website, to integrate the twenty subsites of EZGO and enhance the website service quality. In addition, EZGO will participate in the evaluation contest held by Research, Development and Evaluation Commission. According to the “Operation Manual of Evaluation of Government’s Service Quality”, evaluation design should include 1,000 points in total, which contains 550 points for the exterior performance indicator, 150 points for the interior performance indicator, 200 points for the process integration and 100 points for the implementation of ICT. (Information Communication and Technology) The objective of this research is to provide EZGO with measurable and objective KPI (Key Performance Indicators) to integrate its subsites. Through the literature review, in-depth interviews and a focus group interview, the current situations of the web portal, its subsites and suggestions from important users are confirmed. After that, the analytic hierarchy process method to calculate the weight of performance indicators is used. Finally, discussion with executing unit is carried out in the research for setting the measurable KPI, which gives the results in four parts as follows: 1. The interior performance indicator includes the level of improvement in cost (i.e. human resources, time and equipment) and three criteria (i.e. improvement of work morale, compliance and coordinance, as well as their sub-items) for 75 points each. 2. The exterior performance indicator includes 4 criteria with weights indicated within the parathesis in sequence of information quality (0.34), service quality (0.28), communication quality (0.20) and system quality (0.19). The interior and exterior performance indicators are evaluated via the evaluation on level of improvement in cost respectively and questionnaire. For the process integration and implementation of ICT, the users’ suggestions from focus group interview and the items to be improved for future EZGO are combined accordingly. Finally, scores are taken via total completion rate of all items to be improved in each category. 3. The process integration contains fifteen items to be improved in total. Owing to the difficulty of assessment, nine items are assessed via the focus group interview and expert’s assessment for the remaining six items. 4. The information communication technology contains five items to be improved in total. Four items are assessed via the focus group interview and expert’s assessment for the remaining one item. This research develops a set of procedures to combine theory and practice, which establishes the KPI for non-profit portals. Such KPI serves as an important reference for other non-profit or e-commerce portals.

二十世紀以來核能的和平用途已經非常普遍，但就像一般工業一樣都會產生事業廢棄物，核能的和平用途也不例外，同樣會產生放射性廢棄物。我國自開始運用核能以來，為因應放射性廢棄物最終處置的需要，陸續發布許多相關管理方針並制定相關法規來推動境內境外的處置方案，並指定擁有核能發電為主要廢棄物產生者之台電公司在國內開發興建一處最終處置場，以供國內各應用核能和平用途所產生之廢料。 政府為推行此項計畫乃制訂低放射性廢棄物處置場選址條例並依條例規定即於95年7月11日指定台電公司作為選址作業者，該公司隨即在其內部成立「低放選址督導會報」，以董事長為召集人，成員包括核能、工安環保、公眾溝通、各區營業處及財務會計等負責各項不同業務之副總經理及專業總工程師，其目的除了提供策略分析規劃陳報國營會外，對內則指揮督導執行溝通宣導工作，以達成地方公民投票同意場址設置之任務，並追蹤各階段計畫目標進度及檢討應變措施。 為推動選址工作順利達成公投同意設置場址之目標，台電公司另研擬全面性推動策略與行動計畫(包括委託公關公司辦理公投前之溝通宣導工作)。並在「低放選址督導會報」下由專責溝通單位公眾服務處設立督導組做為督導會報之幕僚組織，其主要工作在掌握地方資訊以因應場址公投、提供策略分析規劃供決策參考、協同公關傳播公司研擬建立宣導組織及運作機制、完成地方民情與支持度調查、制訂公投宣導策略與執行方案以及督導相關工作之執行。 雖然目前低放射性廢棄物最終處置場之工程技術已相當成熟，但如何建構民眾對低放射性廢棄物最終處置客觀事實的認知，讓民眾形成正面態度並提供足夠政策優惠誘因，為我國推動低放射性廢棄物最終處置場的最大挑戰。 本研究乃在尋求最佳溝通策略以因應未來主辦機關經濟部依據低放射性廢棄物最終處置設施場址設置條例之規定公告建議候選場址後，如何藉由候選場址縣(市)辦理地方性公民投票，落實地方自治，體現民主，且經由公民投票之同意，可以降低地方上的衝突。 又由於低放射性廢棄物最終處置公投屬於高敏感度的重大社會事件，選區劃分屬縣市規模，且參酌過去場址評選及日韓推動經驗，選址期間將面臨當地相當強大的反對壓力，因此宣導溝通工作必須以社會價值的對話為核心，選址作業者台電公司如何滿足當地政治人物政治動機及其需求，並爭取地方性公民投票之主管機關縣 (市) 政府的支持合作，方能順利舉辦地方性公民投票。 但本研究依選址條例所規定之公投議題與公職選舉最大的差異點，就是公投議題缺少公職選舉各候選人的支持組織及群眾，因此單一議題性的地方性公民投票人數要達投票權人總數二分之一以上的投票率，可能是一個高門檻。 本研究將以低放射性廢棄物最終處置設施場址之選址作業執行者台電公司的立場思考，探討未來低放射性廢棄物最終處置場之潛在場址溝通策略的執行構面，以及不同的縣市是否應因地制宜採取關鍵要素。另外參考溝通策略相關文獻，及國外低放射性廢棄物處置現況和成功案例，再根據前述研究問題與文獻、歷史的回顧，進行國內之實證研究，並透過低放射性廢棄物處置潛在場址縣市之社會大眾與意見領袖問卷與調查及利用AHP(層級分析)的方法，將問卷統計(survey) 交叉分析後，各個層面給予不同的權重(weight) ，以針對未來參與投票者其因不同縣市別之區域特性差異，研究當地化(localized)最適當之溝通策略素材，及分析各個不同層面不同因子，找尋出關鍵層面與關鍵成功要素。並根據研究結果，研擬強化溝通策略，並提出結論與建議。 本研究調查對象為居住在台東縣與屏東縣各鄉鎮市20歲以上民眾，包含台東縣128位及屏東縣144位，共計完成272份有效問卷。調查時間台東縣調查自97年3月22日（星期一）至24日（星期三），每晚18：20至22：00進行。屏東縣調查自97年5月26日（星期一）至27日（星期二），每晚18：20至22：00進行。 調查訪問採用隨機撥號抽樣方法(Random Digit Dialing, RDD)，為求涵蓋完整，本調查的抽樣分兩部分進行。第一部分先依據96年各鄉鎮市住宅電話簿抽取電話號碼，以取得所有的區域號碼局碼組合(prefix)，第二部分則由電腦隨機產生亂數做為後三碼，搭配第一部分之局碼組合，構成完整電話號碼抽樣清冊。執行電訪時，訪員於電話接通後，按照「任意成人抽樣」的原則進行訪問。 惟總結而論放射性廢棄物的存在是既成的事實，無論將來核能發展如何，未來核能電廠其營運期間及除役拆廠所產生的廢棄物，均須予以妥善處置，不能將廢棄物問題留給後代子孫去解決。 又因過去我國低放射性廢棄物最終處置場選址之推動均委由台電公司執行，因為層級位階太低，與地方溝通常常被質疑代表性不足，且在其面對民眾抗爭時又無法執行公權力，以至於過去台電幾十年之選址過程非常不順利，綜合前述各國低放選址經驗，實在有必要提升層級到院的層級，公投通過可能性才會大大的提高。

近年來台灣景氣持續低迷，台灣綜合商品零售業的成長也受到不小的衝擊，在市場漸趨成熟與飽和的情況下，產業內競爭也漸趨激烈。如何在外在經濟環境欠佳，內在市場飽和下，有效提升經營效率，加強產業競爭能力，是目前台灣綜合商品零售業者最重要的課題。 　　本研究以資料包絡分析法（Data Envelopment Analysis）為基礎，並結合Metafrontier分析法，針對台灣地區2000年到2006年25家綜合商品零售業者，以客觀的投入產出資料進行廠商的經營效率分析。本研究結果顯示： 　　1.整體而言，連鎖式便利商店的經營績效平均處於相對有效率狀態，購物中心的經營績效平均處於相對無效率狀態。 　　2.廠商技術無效率的原因主要為純粹技術效率的問題。廠商的規模報酬狀態與所屬業態關聯不大，而與廠商是否屬於連鎖集團較有關聯。 　　3.比較metafrontier模型與group frontiers模型所評估的效率值，顯示各業態廠商的平均技術水準有顯著差異，連鎖式便利商店的效率水準較接近metafrontier的效率邊界。 　　4.依據Norman and Stoker（1991）的效率值強度分類方法，發現在兩模型之下，各業態廠商屬於「邊緣無效率單位」與「確實無效率單位」的比例都較大，表示經營績效有很大的改善空間。 　　5.差額分析與敏感度分析方面，百貨公司業與超級市場業在兩模型之下的結論不一致，推論應是兩者評估的廠商樣本，其衡量的技術水準不同。各廠商依循group frontiers模型所得結論改善經營績效，將可以在業態內成為相對有效率的廠商，但如果想要進一步提高效率，則必須改變廠商本身所處的業態環境所造成的技術水準限制，便可依循metafrontier模型所得結論改善經營績效，所以選用何種結論，仍須由業者依據廠商未來發展自行判斷。 / Since the recession in Taiwan economy has arrived in recent years, it has a great effect on the growth of the Taiwan retail sale of general merchandise. Because the market has been saturated, the competition has become fierce in this industry. How to improve the management efficiency and the industrial competitiveness in the present economic environment is the most important issue of the Taiwan retail sale of general merchandise. 　　This study uses inputs and outputs data of 25 DMUs of the Taiwan retail sale of general merchandise from 2000 to 2006, applying Data Envelopment Analysis with Metafrontier model to evaluate the operational efficiency of those firms. The findings of this study are as below: 　　1. On average, the chain convenience store industry shows more technically efficient than the shopping mall industry. 　　2. The main source for the firms being inefficient is pure technical inefficiency. The returns of scale of the firms are not much related to the types of business operation, but to the firms being the chain store ones or not. 　　3. Comparing meta-frontier model with group frontiers model, we find that there are significant differences in the average technical efficiency levels among the various types of business operation, and the chain convenience store industry is most close to meta-frontier. 　　4. According to the classification of the efficiency by Norman and Stoker (1991), we find a major part of the firms is marginally inefficient and distinctly inefficient. It implies there is a great room for the firms to improve their managerial performance. 　　5. The slack analysis indicates there are differences in the resource wastes between the department store industry and the supermarket industry. The differences mainly come from the technological differences between the two industries. The information generated from the group frontier model is helpful to improve the firms’ efficiency within the group. However, if the firms want to further improve their efficiency, they should rely on the information from the meta-frontier model, which sheds light on the technology gap among sub-industries.

本研究透過哈伯瓦克的集體記憶理論作為出發的基礎，觀察三立電視台『福爾摩沙事件簿』節目如何生產與製作記憶，並且分析節目產製的文本內涵。透過產製端與文本端之間的分析與對話，發現電子媒體做為一個歷史的敘事者，生產記憶的作業流程是來自極度有限的經費與時間；更發現影響記憶的形構要素來自於人為偏好的影響力、話題是否具有新聞性、記憶屆滿周年的儀式作用、與影音元素是否充足等外力因素，此外來自媒體外部的政治力量與商業力量也會對於記憶篩選與製作產生影響。透過文本端的探究則發現媒體對於歷史的詮釋過程過於粗暴，簡化了歷史資料的比較與探究繁複的步驟，只以個人片面的價值判斷作為歷史詮釋的憑據，相對造成許多說法失落，此外媒體在有限的工作經費與時間裡，採用粗劣的拼接影像手法完成文本產製，閱聽眾則以媒體重構的記憶版本來理解過去的台灣歷史事件。