1 |
企業利用FACEBOOK平台經營粉絲專頁社群之研究 / The enterprises operate the virtual community by using FACEBOOK fans page.吳富傑 Unknown Date (has links)
2009年到2010年,最紅的網站就是FACEBOOK,截至10年6月,全球使用FACEBOOK的人數已經超過了4.5億。根據互動行銷機構Rosetta 2010年1月的研究,全球百大零售商有五成九在FACEBOOK擁有官方粉絲專頁。而根據FACEBOOK官方統計,目前共有一百六十萬個粉絲專頁,由七十多萬個公司團體經營。
FACEBOOK引發風潮的原因在於FACEBOOK改寫了企業對於網路行銷的認知,之前企業是利用搜尋引擎、網路廣告、電子郵件或是部落格等,但是FACEBOOK不一樣的地方在於讓企業變成了消費者的朋友。FACEBOOK成功的複製使用者真實人際關係到網路平台上,因此成了獨特的發展利基。每個網路使用者最初關心的事物,是以本身為圓心,再慢慢擴展到朋友,最後才是整個網路世界。因此,企業利用FACEBOOK平台用朋友的角色,持續對消費者說明其經營理念,行銷其商品的優勢,與消費者建立長久的關係。本研究就是在討論企業如何經營FACEBOOK粉絲專頁的方法以及追求的目標。
本研究的研究問題有三:1.企業成立FACEBOOK粉絲專頁的原因為何?2.企業如何經營粉絲專頁?如何增加粉絲專頁的會員數,與粉絲建立起信任感?如何管理粉絲專頁產生的資產?3.企業成立FACEBOOK粉絲專頁獲得效益為何?
透過深度訪談三家經營粉絲專頁的企業,並配合相關的次級資料蒐集與整理,本研究獲得以下主要結論:1. 粉絲專頁經營者舉辦的活動與訊息內容會影響粉絲團成員的加入與退出。2. 粉絲專頁經營者訊息的寫法與內容同等重要,會影響粉絲分享的動力。3. 粉絲專頁裡與粉絲相關的訊息容易引起互動,吸引粉絲來回應。4. 粉絲專頁經營者利用FACEBOOK為企業帶入了新的消費者,建立品牌。5. 粉絲專頁讓企業更了解顧客想法,和顧客建立起長期、良好的關係。 / From 2009 to 2010, the most popular website is FACEBOOK. The total FACEBOOK users are more than four hundred and fifty million. Base on official statistics, there are one million and six hundred thousand fans pages in FACEBOOK. They are operated by seventy hundred thousand companies.
FACEBOOK is a social utility that helps people communicate more efficiently with their friends, family and coworkers. The company develops technologies that facilitate the sharing of information through the social graph, the digital mapping of people's real-world social connections. Anyone can sign up for FACEBOOK and interact with the people they know in a trusted environment. FACEBOOK fans page is a development platform that enables companies and engineers to deeply integrate with the FACEBOOK website and gain access to millions of users through the social graph. FACEBOOK is a part of millions of people’s lives all around the world providing unparalleled distribution potential for applications and the opportunity to build a business that is highly relevant to people’s lives. This study tries to find how to operate FACEBOOK fans pages and companies’ objectives.
The study aims to investigate the following questions: 1. What is the reason for company want to establish fans page on FACEBOOK. 2. How does the company operate fans page? How do they increase their members? How do they manage fans page’s assets? 3. What is the result of company’s fans page?
Through interviewed three fans page operator in Taiwan and applied secondary data analysis, the preliminary research finding include: 1. The fans page operator’s message and activity will affect fans page’s amount. 2. The tone and content of message will affect fans’ motive to share. 3. The related messages arouse fans’ attention. They tend to interact this messages. 4. The fans page can attract new consumers. And the company can establish their brand. 5. The fans page let the company understand the customer’s thought. And the company can maintain long-term relationship with customer.
|
2 |
企業Facebook粉絲專頁之公關策略分析 / Public relations strategies of corporate fan pages on Facebook莊宜軒, Chuang, Yi Hsuan Unknown Date (has links)
本研究目的在於探討企業透過Facebook粉絲專頁(fan page),如何與公眾建立並發展對話溝通關係,且對話溝通策略具體展現在哪些特徵之上。根據此目的,針對現有的企業Facebook粉絲專頁進行內容分析,分析類目主要參考Kent and Taylor(1998)提出的「介面易用性」、「資訊有用性」、「留住訪客」、「提高再訪率」及「對話迴路」五大對話性溝通原則,且將Facebook媒體特性一併納入考量,並新增第六大原則「使用者對話行為」,從使用者面向衡量其對溝通策略的反應。
本研究以美國《財星》雜誌及台灣《天下》雜誌調查的企業排名為主要樣本,並篩選出以一般消費者為主要顧客的產業。篩選後結果美國企業235家,台灣企業390家,共計625家企業。本研究結果發現,在研究樣本中約有五成的企業設置Facebook粉絲專頁,其中對話迴路是企業最常使用的溝通策略,其次則為資訊有用性。將本研究與過去網站、部落格研究結果相比較,發現企業在不同網路工具使用的溝通策略差異頗大。在網站、部落格中,資訊有用性一直是最主要的溝通策略。此外,在企業經營粉絲專頁的內容策略上,應增加專頁中的娛樂性內容,並多加回應粉絲的評論,以促進粉絲參與粉絲專頁,並增加粉絲與企業互動。依據本研究分析結果,期望能為網路公關後續研究,提供具參考性的理論架構,並希望為公關實務工作,提供未來溝通策略思考方向。
|
3 |
非營利組織於社群媒體Facebook 粉絲專頁的關係經營策略 / NGO's Relationship Building Strategy on Facebook Fanpage in Taiwan葉靜 Unknown Date (has links)
在台灣,社群網站的到達率已高達97%,使用者人數為1154萬,顯示社群網站已作為大眾重要的資訊來源管道之一。社群網站獨有的互動性及對話性,使其成為企業和非營利組織公關人員與公眾溝通有效溝通平台。
本研究針對國內非營利組織的在Facebook社群網站運用進行探討,透過質量化並行的方式,探究國內非營利組織如何運用Facebook粉絲專頁與公眾溝通的現況。透過回顧關係經營策略,建立分析項目,利用量化的內容分析,理解非營利組織如何透過社群網站發布訊息,以及組織的區域性、服務類型及規模要素之不同,是否影響其策略運用程度的差異性。關係經營策略主要包含七個取向為:可接近性、正面性、開放性、保證、關係連結、任務共享、職責展現。另外,透過質化深度訪談八家非營利組織,進一步理解非營利組織在關係策略選用背後考量和可能造就策略選用差異的原因,和現下經營操作模式。期許透過描繪台灣非營利組織運用社群網站進行公眾關係經營的現況,供非營利組織公關人員在擬定社群網站溝通策略時,能有參考的藍圖、思考未來可繼續發展的關係溝通策略。
本研究以《非營利組織名錄》為樣本清單,篩選出符合研究非營利組織定義之單位,最後選定1423家組織抽樣出710家。發現710家中有六成組織設立粉絲專頁,而設有粉絲專頁中的組織則有七成能持續穩定經營。研究結果發現,在關係策略中以開放性、可接近性及關係連結的運用程度最高;非營利組織之服務類型不同在關係策略運用上無顯著差異,而組織區域性、員工人數及年度經費規模,則對於部分關係策略程度有顯著差異。在關係策略當中與公眾回饋行為相關性最高前三項則為任務共享、保證及正面性。本研究認為,非營利組織雖已形成一套粉絲專頁經營模式,然而如何進一步運用較能引發公眾回饋的關係策略,實為一重要的課題。
|
4 |
網路社群行銷內容分析- 以服飾業粉絲專頁為例 / Social Networking Marketing Analysis: the Fan Pages of Apparel Industry張予睿 Unknown Date (has links)
有鑑於現在社群行銷日趨重要,消費者開始愈來愈容易在社群平台上接觸到各樣的資訊,企業也開始重視社群的經營;在台灣目前社群媒體中最受到消費者青睞的,就屬於Facebook平台,而Facebook也順勢推出了粉絲專頁來提供企業做經營管理,但是許多企業並不懂得如何妥善經營其粉絲專頁,使粉絲專頁成為企業獲利的工具之一,反而淪為形式上的經營而已。
本研究將針對女性服飾業的粉絲專頁,以線上四間粉絲人數、參與度都達到前十名的企業:衣芙日系、EYESCREAM、PAZZO、QUEEN FASHION SHOP來做個案分析,以粉絲專頁定義的重要KPI指標,透過數據的量化分析,來探討四間個案公司的經營狀況以及粉絲參與情形。本研究在定義其圖片內容變數,將其個案公司的四個月期間內的所有貼文做分類,以及觀察其文字出現內容以及發文頻率等變數,分析其發文內容與粉絲參與度的相關聯性。最後在特別針對各間的粉絲專頁中最高參與度前三名文章最討論,並以參與度中的按讚數及分享數前100名的高參與度貼文,與定義之圖文內容去做比對,了解其不同圖文性質對於粉絲按讚及分享的關聯性。
本研究在透過四間個案公司的粉絲專頁的數據分析後,會針對不同的個案內容做出不同的討論,並給予綜合的比對與建議,最後提出其內容行銷的建議,可以有效地提供粉絲專頁的經營效率,並使其提高商業價值。因此本研究可以提供未來相關公司在經營粉絲專頁進行行銷之參考所用,其分析架構也可以運用到不同類型的粉絲專頁中,未來做後續研究也可以加入不同變數或是消費者的資訊來做討論,將會對企業在做社群行銷上有很大的幫助。
|
5 |
性別差異對旅遊類型Facebook粉絲團的發文形式偏好的影響 / A study of the effect of gender difference on preferences in tourism Facebook fan page post龔又嫻, Kung, Yu Hsien Unknown Date (has links)
社群媒體是現今主流的行銷管道,而Facebook更是其中的佼佼者。許多旅遊業者也試圖透過粉絲團作為與顧客交流的媒介,但是多數並不了解怎樣的行銷策略才是適合的。
我們的研究是為了了解性別是否對於旅遊類型粉絲團的行銷有不同的偏好,並且針對不同的旅遊產品是否也會有不同的偏好。我們收集了已經利用粉絲團作為行銷管道的旅遊業者的資料進行分析並驗證我們的假設。
我們證實了,男性會偏好理性的廣告訴求並且偏好sensation-seeking的旅遊產品而女性會偏好感性的廣告訴求並且偏好sensation-avoiding的旅遊產品。並且,若粉絲團的廣告貼文能適切的搭配性別對廣告訴求及旅遊產品的偏好,粉絲團的社群績效如品牌知名度、品牌參與度以及口碑都會有所提昇。
我們的研究提供了旅遊類型粉絲團的經營準則並提供適切衡量自身經營績效的方法。 / Social media is having a major impact on marketing today, and Facebook is one of the most popular social media platforms. The growing importance of social media in the online tourism domain has also been confirmed. Many travel agencies have started to use Facebook fan pages as a marketing platform to interact with their consumers; but these agencies are still seeking the most suitable marketing strategies. Our research aims to examine whether different genders have different preferences for tourism Facebook fan page marketing information. In addition, we are interested in exploring whether that preference would be affected by different tourism products. We collected Facebook post data from a tourism agency that had already used Facebook to promote its business and reach customers in recent years, and we used those data to test our hypothesis. We confirmed that male do prefer rational appeals advertisement and sensation-seeking tourist attractions while female do prefer emotional appeals advertisement and sensation-avoiding tourist attractions. Moreover, if we fit gender preferences in advertisement appeals and tourist attractions to promote suitable tourism products, the performance on Facebook fan page, brand awareness, brand engagement and word of mouth, will be improved. Our paper is expected to be a contribution to research in this field, to be the basis for a guide for Facebook fan page managers who do not know how to manage their Facebook fan pages and to provide a suitable method for measuring the impact of Facebook fan pages.
|
6 |
企業經營社群影響之實證研究 / An empirical study on the effects of an enterprise fan page蔣仁人, Jiang, Jen Jen Unknown Date (has links)
社群網站是目前蓬勃發展的網路應用服務,其多樣化功能與高互動性不僅影響使用者生活習慣也促進其購買行為。越來越多企業投入大量成本經營社群網站,希望從中得到好處,但仍有部分企業質疑經營社群無法替企業帶來實質效益。本研究目的在探討經營社群是否可以帶給企業效益。藉由大量文獻探討,提出了六個關於社群效益的假設。透過四階段研究來驗證假設,第一階段蒐集了全球16個跨國企業資料加以分析,得到了一個概略性的了解; 第二階段蒐集了58個跨國企業的資料進行社群能力與產品銷售之關聯性分析;第三階段研究將焦點放回台灣企業,蒐集了電信、航空、銀行以及便利商店四個產業中11個企業資料進行社群能力與產品銷售的關聯性分析;第四階研究段針對第三階段的11個企業進行社群經營與企業效益的分析。
本研究發現,經營社群與提升顧客滿意度以及提高品牌知名度上關聯性較低;而在航空,銀行以及便利商店產業中,經營社群可以提高整體收益。此外,企業提供具有1)較低價位、2)較低耐受度的產品或服務以及3)消費者參與度較低的購買決策較容易受到社群經營影響。更進一步發現,企業以提升顧客成長以及強化顧客忠誠度為目標去經營社群會獲得較高的成功率,也較容易得到實質效益。 / Most of the major enterprises have invested in social networks to provide services, promote products, or communicate with customers. However, to date no clear understanding on the effects of the social networks on business performance has emerged. This study examined the relationship between the capability of the enterprise to manage social networks and the resultant benefits of their investing in the social network. A fan page on Facebook is the selected target of study. By analyzing the efforts required to manage a fan page, we measure the fan page management capability by its reach, referrals, activities, and interactions. By analyzing literature and practical cases, we hypothesize six types of business benefit impacts can be experienced by enterprises investing in a fan page.
The study applied four-stages of data collection and testing. The first stage is to build a general understanding of the relationship between the number of fans and business revenue. Based on findings of the first stage, the study tested the fan page benefit hypotheses on selected global firms and sought patterns of benefits generated from the fan page. In the third and fourth stage, the study tested the fan page effect on product sold of selected firms in Taiwan and further examined other hypotheses by industries. This study builds deep understanding from various aspects about fan page effects on enterprises, and proposes that firms provide products and services with characteristics of low-product price, short-product durability and low-customer involvement are more influenced by the management of their fan pages. Retail industries such as: banking and airline with high capability of managing Facebook fan page are more likely to increase customer growth and intensify customer loyalty.
|
7 |
從價值共創角度探討社群媒體行銷 對品牌粉絲專頁影響之研究 / Investigating Effects of Social Media Marketing on Brand Performance: From the Co-creation Concept彭雅瑄, Peng, Yah Suan Unknown Date (has links)
社群媒體已經深刻地改變了我們的生活,並且對於企業行銷上產生了重大的影響。
這項研究的動機來自於社群媒體 Facebook 在台灣的普及性。此外,價值共創的概念,導致消費者忠誠度的重生,他們可以參與價值鏈的任何階段。我們的目標是將價值共創概念運用於Facebook粉絲專頁經營,探索如何達到最大化的行銷效益。
我們的研究數據來自於台灣資策會,結果顯示:一個粉絲專頁如果擁有越高的價值共創程度,確實能夠提高品牌行銷的效益。具體而言,我們發現粉絲專頁若提高內容多樣性和提供的回饋種類,更容易增加品牌的知名度。用戶原創內容程度越高,更可能增加使用者與品牌的互動,若要求使用者刻意推薦,則是更降低他們與品牌的互動。
此外,當粉絲年齡在大於或等於25歲時,以及粉絲專頁的粉絲總數越多時,價值共創程度對於行銷效益的顯著性會更明顯。 / Social media has profoundly changed our lives and is having a major impact on marketing today. This research is motivated by the tremendous growth of a social computing platform, Facebook. Besides, the co-creation concept leads to a rebirth of customer loyalty. Customers, in other words, can get involved at just any stage of the value chain. We aim to apply the co-creation concept in the Facebook fan page to explore what and how co-creation in social media marketing is effective.
Our study has collected data from Taiwan’s Government research institute – Institute for Information Industry. The results of our findings show that the co-creation level in the Facebook marketing campaigns can truly increase brand’s performance. In detail, we found that kind of information and form of exchange are more likely to increase the brand’s awareness. Type of user created content is more likely to increase the brand’s engagement while way of advocacy is more likely to decrease the brand’s engagement. In addition, co-creation level is more significantly related to campaign’s performance when the fans are over (or equal to) 25 years old, and is more significantly related to campaign’s performance when the fan page has more fans than others.
|
8 |
檔案館運用Facebook粉絲專頁互動經營之研究 / A Study of the Public Communication and Operating Status of Archives with Facebook王琪寛, Wang, Chyi Kuan Unknown Date (has links)
網路技術的快速發展,使人與社會的接觸從實體走入虛擬,人與人之間的交流互動,可以透過社群媒體與網站進行意見的交流與資訊,政府單位、典藏機構與公眾人物等具有群眾號召力之訊息發布者,莫不透過網路社群的功能,達成資訊的成功傳遞。典藏機構是一般大眾最為信賴的知識傳播者,隨著社群網站成為主流的資訊中介站,檔案館也開始在2008年設立Facebook粉絲專頁。有鑑於Facebook具有資訊傳播效益,能提升檔案館與使用者意見的直接溝通。本研究旨在瞭解國內外檔案館Facebook粉絲專頁的互動經營模式,透過內容分析、深度訪談與問卷調查法,以不同的角色探討檔案館Facebook的經營策略與網路使用者的互動需求。
本研究以媒介豐富度的指標為基礎架構,透過內容分析法,觀察國內外6所檔案館Facebook粉絲專頁2015年10月至12月間579則貼文的發布頻率、主題內容與互動率,另輔以深度訪談法,探討檔案館Facebook經營者的貼文回饋速度、多元化內容提示與語言多樣性,瞭解國內檔案館Facebook粉絲專頁的經營維護政策。最後採問卷調查法,分析123份有加入檔案館Facebook之使用者對於該社群網站經營狀況的看法,及其認為檔案館最需要改進的地方。
研究結果發現,雖然檔案館的Facebook發文頻率偏高,但卻無法引發使用者共鳴,同時,使用者也認為檔案館之留言回饋率過低,不符需求。由內容分析與深度訪談結果得知,檔案館Facebook粉絲專頁經營者希望借助該社群網站的易用性與即時性,進行該館活動的推廣,而從Facebook頁面中,則可以發現互動率最高的媒體類型分別為相片、影片與連結。問卷調查部分,檔案館的Facebook使用者較能接受口語化的撰寫方式,且其亦會依據貼文主題的不同,給予不同程度的互動。本研究建議檔案館Facebook可提供豐富的多媒體貼文內容,透過符合使用者需求的內容包裝方式,讓兩者的互動更為積極。 / With the advent of the Internet, social networks afford an opportunity to make information much more broadly available and make direct contact between administrators such as governments, libraries, archives, museums and internet users. Library, archives and museums are the most trusted information suppliers. With the concept of becoming a communication intermediate, archives around the world started to create Facebook Pages since 2008 for extending communication channel with users of archives. The purpose of this research is to investigate the public communication and operating status of archives on Facebook.
This research collected data from analyzing the media richness on the Facebook posts from US National Archives (U.S.), The National Archives (U.K.), National Archives of Australia and 3 public archives in Taiwan during October 1 to December 31, 2015. Besides, also used in-depth interview with archivists who managed the Facebook Pages to understand the operating policies of archives. Furthermore, questionnaire survey was conducted to capture users’ access behavior and analyzed the users’ barriers.
According to the results, most of the users stated that, although archives have tried very hard to keep up with the trend, failure on reaching consensus between users’ need and administrative costs and effectiveness were a big problem. Facebook followers considered insufficient communicating cannels and lacked of immediate feedback reduced the satisfaction on the presentation of Archives’ Facebook. With content analysis, this study found that the media which could cause highly interaction were photos, videos and links, even the spoken text markup language were more acceptable by Internet users. This study suggests that archives should deliberate to provide more posts with multiple types of clues. Through the process of modifying original transactional messages, the communication between archives and users will be more effective.
|
9 |
銀行業社群媒體行銷模式之訊息策略探究 -以FACEBOOK粉絲專頁為例 / A study of social media marketing strategy adopted by banking industry-The case of Facebook Fan page陳安婕, Chen, An Jie Unknown Date (has links)
社群行銷為互動性與即時性很高的行銷模式,對企業而言日趨重要。透過良好的社群媒體經營,可以使企業提高討論聲量與品牌價值,進而帶動銷售達到透過網路引導購買而獲利的效果。故如何善加利用現今最成功的社群媒體Facebook粉絲專頁是企業行銷的成功關鍵因素之一。
本研究鎖定銀行業做研究主體,擷取2016年整年度的資料以個案分析法的方式深入探討台灣前五名銀行業粉絲專頁之經營方式與互動程度。本研究透過類目建構中的分類標準包含多媒體運用性、資訊性、顧客支援性、組織設定做官方貼文的訊息策略分析,瞭解其優勢策略和品牌區隔。本文並以粉絲專頁定義的KPI指標和數據的量化分析,運用多元回歸分析整合五間粉絲專頁資訊,歸納出銀行業在台灣成功的粉絲專頁之行銷模式。
根據以上分析之經營數據與國外粉絲專頁案例,本研究針對官方貼文的內容面給予較理想的粉絲專頁經營策略,以影片類型和抽獎活動主題為主軸並搭配其他貼文模式可以提升粉絲的總反應程度,本文之行銷建議讓台灣銀行業未來社群行銷發展能更有效率且提升整體商業價值。故本研究之分析架構可以運用到不同的產業類型中給予經營參考,未來後續研究也可以再加入不同反應變數或不同的社群媒體做更深入更全面性的社群媒體品牌經營。 / Social media marketing is an highly interative and high-quality maketing method, It is more important for interprises these days. By running a well social media can improve the business popularity and brand value, or even drive sales to increase profit. So how to make good use of most popular social media Facebook Fan page is the key to success of business marketing.
The study focuses on the banking industry, using content analysis to explore the 2016 entire year’s data of the top five bank’s fanpage in Taiwan. Through category of construction classification, the study analysis the type, theme, interation and time of official posts to understand its advantages and strategies. Furthermore, the study uses muti regression to sum up the successful fan page marketing model of banking industry in Taiwan.
Based on the above analysis of operating data and success cases in foreign countries, the study hopes to provide more ideal business proposals so that the development of social media in Taiwanese banking industy can be more efficient and enhance the commercial value. Therefore, the analysis structure of the study can be applied to different types of industries to give reference for business, the future studies can also add different variables or other social media to do more comprehecsive social media brand management.
|
10 |
品牌社群成員滿意度及品牌態度影響因素之研究─以Facebook粉絲專頁為例 / A study of the factors affecting the satisfaction and brand attitude of the members in brand communities: example of Facebook fan pages卓光凝 Unknown Date (has links)
粉絲專頁是Facebook在2007年推出,提供給Facebook用戶作為公司企業、機關組織或個人品牌經營之用。隨著Facebook成為一個巨大的社交平台,Facebook粉絲專頁也成為一個全方位的品牌社群行銷利器(Nov.2009, Inside Facebook Pages, Sysomos Ins.)。
本研究以品牌聲譽高的象徵性品牌、品牌聲譽低的象徵性品牌、品牌聲譽高的功能性品牌、以及品牌聲譽低的功能性品牌四種類別的品牌粉絲專頁為研究對象,以Oliver(1980)的期望-失驗理論為基礎,並參考Muniz 和O’Guinn(2001)的品牌社群三角模式,將品牌社群成員(粉絲)對品牌社群(品牌粉絲專頁)之期待與加入動機,分為社群成員與品牌間的「品牌互動」、以及社群成員與其他成員間的「社群互動」兩類,探討社群成員對所參加之品牌粉絲專頁的品牌互動及社群互動期待,以及參加後實際知覺績效與期待間的落差,對其社群滿意度及品牌態度造成的影響。本研究有以下重要發現:
1.社群成員並不會因為品牌聲譽高低不同,而對粉絲專頁有不同的期待;但品牌概念形象的不同會影響社群成員對粉絲專頁的期待。
2.社群成員的涉入程度有助增強其粉絲專頁滿意度對其品牌態度的正向影響。
3.四類粉絲專頁的社群成員對於粉絲專頁中品牌互動的平均期待皆高於對社群互動的平均期待。
4.品牌互動方面,社群成員加入品牌粉絲專頁的主要動機與期待集中於資訊強化和產品交易兩個構念。
5.在社群互動方面,四類粉絲專頁的社群成員皆最重視粉絲專頁內的與其他成員間的意見交換。
6.相較於象徵性品牌粉絲專頁的社群成員,功能性品牌粉絲專頁的社群成員較期待能夠透過粉絲專頁的參與,感受到身為品牌愛好者之一的歸屬感。
|
Page generated in 0.0282 seconds