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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

貨幣同盟的三個議題 / Three essays on monetary union

劉世夫, Liu, Shih Fu Unknown Date (has links)
自從2008年全球經濟衰退以來,歐元區經濟顯著的衰退,特別是歐元區各成員國的經濟表現有明顯的差異。在本文中,我們試就成員國「貿易開放程度」和「財政基本面」這兩個重要特徵,來詮釋歐元區經濟穩定這個議題。在第二章中,我們在貿易開放程度不同的國家下,比較貨幣同盟制度與浮動匯率制度對於負向衝擊產生的影響。我們發現當貨幣當局愈重視產出穩定時,相較於浮動匯率制度,貨幣同盟制度將使產出下降的更多。在第三章中,我們將短期私人債券及長期政府債券引入貨幣同盟的兩國DSGE模型。我們推斷,歐洲央行(ECB)的公共部門債券購買計劃(PSPP),對於不同財政狀況的成員國,有著不對稱的總體經濟影響。在第四章中,我們建立貨幣同盟經濟的最適貨幣政策模型。我們發現成員國間經濟差異,將影響貨幣同盟的整體福利水準。相較於傳統零利率最適貨幣政策文獻,本研究的結果顯示不論是權衡或承諾制度,增加公共部門債券購買將緩和貨幣同盟的經濟波動。 / Since the global recession in 2008, the economic performance of the Euro area has declined significantly. In particular, there have been great differences in the economic performance among member states in the Euro area. In this dissertation, we attempt to address the issue of economic stability by focusing on two key features: the trade openness and the fiscal fundamentals among member states. In Chapter 2, we compare the impacts of the adverse shocks on countries with different degrees of openness under the monetary union regime, and our finding shows that the monetary union will result in a greater decline in output if the monetary authority attaches a higher weight to output stabilization. In Chapter 3, we build a two-country DSGE model representing a monetary union with both short-term and long-term government bonds. We deduce that the ECB’s public sector purchase programme (PSPP) has asymmetric macroeconomic effects on member states under different fiscal fundamentals. In Chapter 4, we set up an optimal monetary policy model of a monetary union. We find that the differences in the economic performance of individual member states will influence the union-wide welfare. Comparing our results with classical literature of optimal monetary policy at zero lower bound, by adding the PSPP, our study indeed reflects lower volatility of the union-wide economy under either discretion or commitment.
32

量化寬鬆對信用風險的影響-以歐豬五國為例 / The impact of quantitative easing on credit risk in the Eurozone-take PIIGS for example

林顥峰, Lin, Hao Feng Unknown Date (has links)
本研究以事件研究法的方式,研究歐洲央行宣布量化寬鬆(Quantitative Easing, QE)對歐豬五國信用風險的影響,本研究以各國主權信用違約交換的超額報酬顯著性衡量量化寬鬆政策對信用風險的影響。 研究結果為多數的QE政策宣告對歐豬五國信用風險的影響在事件期中有正向有負向,且時常交錯分布,未有一固定的模式,故無法得到一個明確的結論。 / This paper examines the impact of the ECB’s (European Central Bank) quantitative easing program on the credit risk of PIIGS. In this case, we used each underlying countries’ excess return of their sovereign CDSs to identify if their credit risks are decreased significantly. Our finding was that most QE announcements by the ECB had multiple impacts on the credit risk of PIIGS. They had both positive and negative impacts. Also, the patterns were not the same, so we do not have a clear conclusion on whether the QE policies are good or bad for the credit risk of PIIGS.
33

中國國際收支失衡對其貨幣政策自主性的影響 / The Impact of the Disequilibrium of China’s Balance of Payments on Its Monetary Policy Autonomy

王國臣, Wang, Guo-chen Unknown Date (has links)
隨著中國在國際經濟與戰略地位的竄升,包括利率與匯率在內的中國貨幣當局政策作為不再僅僅只是該國內部事務而已,也會進一步影響到國際經濟的日常運行。本研究通過質性研究與量化研究交互運用的方式,詳盡分析2002年至2007年中國國際收支失衡對其貨幣政策自主性的影響;本研究從三層次分析中國貨幣政策自主性,包括中國外匯占款對其基礎貨幣發行的直接影響、中國貨幣當局各種貨幣政策工具之沖銷基礎貨幣效率、中國行政調控對降低未完全沖銷的基礎貨幣之於總體經濟暨資產市場的影響。本研究發現中國國際收支的持續順差業已嚴重侵蝕到中國貨幣當局所有三個層次的政策自主性;並且,在可預見的未來,只要中國政府不改變當前人民幣匯率體制與外匯管理制度,則中國貨幣當局可能會窮於應付這超額貨幣供給所衍生出的經濟失衡與泡沫化的危機。 / With the rapid rise of China’s international economic and strategic status, China’s monetary policy measures, including interest rates and foreign exchange rates, will not only be merely China’s internal affairs but also further influence international economic daily operation. This study comprehensively analyzes the impact of the disequilibrium of China’s balance of payments between 2002-2007 on its monetary policy autonomy through qualitative methodology and quantitative methodology. This study analyzes China’s monetary policy autonomy in three levels: the direct impact of China’s funds outstanding for foreign exchange on China’s base money supply, the effectiveness of China’s monetary policy instruments on the sterilization of its base money, the effectiveness of China’s administrative macroeconomic adjustment and control for reducing its non-sterilized base money supply on its macroeconomic and asset markets. This study concludes the continuous surplus of China’s balance of payments has seriously undermined China’s monetary policy autonomy in all three levels; in addition, in the foreseeable future, as long as the Chinese government would not change the current exchange rate regime and the mechanism of foreign exchange management, then China’s monetary authorities might be constantly swamped with the crises of economic disequilibrium and bubble stemmed from its monetary oversupply.
34

工資調整指數、最適貨幣政策與績效契約談判 / Wage Indexation, Optimal Monetary Policy and Performance Contract Bargainging

鄭惠如 Unknown Date (has links)
本文是以Candel-Sánchez and Campoy-Miñarro (2004)的績效契約制訂為基礎 ,開放單獨由政府制訂契約的假設,賦予央行與政府部門雙方皆具有談判力,並利用Nash談判解(Nash bargaining solution)做出最適績效契約。此外,我們也討論政府央行的談判力、對薪資的偏好和央行官員保守度在不同工資調整指數下與最適績效契約之間的關係,並分析能影響產出及通貨膨脹穩定性的因素。 經本文的研究分析,我們可以發現:政府的談判力愈大績效誘因基數愈大,此時能有效抑制通膨產生,但是同時也會使產出下降。當工資調整指數趨於零時,政府的談判力將不會對產出造成影響只會降低通貨膨脹率。 央行官員若是愈保守愈重視通貨膨脹帶來的效用損失,會使績效誘因基數下降。其中,本文的分析與Rogoff (1985)的有相同的結果,增加央行官員的保守性雖有利抑制通膨且增加通膨穩定性,另一方面卻打擊產出水準同時會使產出易受外來衝擊的影響。當工資調整指數愈低時,央行官員的保守性也會對績效誘因基數的變動愈大。 央行官員愈關心薪資收入多寡,績效誘因基數就愈低,但是對通貨膨脹與產出的影響則須視談判央行對薪資的偏好程度與最適誘因基數大小而定。政府愈在意營運成本,談判出的最適績效誘因基數會愈低,而且會同時造成通貨膨脹率與產出的上升。 在討論經濟穩定性時,我們發現僅有央行官員保守程度、工資調整指數與隨機干擾衝擊的變異數會對產出及通貨膨脹率的穩定性造成影響;但納入談判協商得到的績效誘因基數,並不會造成經濟體系的波動。我們也發現本文與Rogoff (1985)的結論相同之處在於央行官員極度保守時會完全消除通貨膨脹率,但是會使產出完全反映隨機干擾項的衝擊。
35

台灣貨幣政策法則之理論與實證分析-央行價量操作之比較

杜家雯, Tu, Chia-Wen Unknown Date (has links)
No description available.
36

歐洲經濟暨貨幣同盟形成背景與政策協調 / The Background and Policy Coordination of European Monetary Union

林欣怡, Lin, Shin-Yee Unknown Date (has links)
No description available.
37

貨幣政策之財政效果研究

蔡佩陵 Unknown Date (has links)
政府解決經濟問題的工具有二:財政政策與貨幣政策。一般而言,貨幣政策多是用以解決金融問題,然而,該政策對政府財政方面也會產生重大的影響,但由於現今民主代議制度的採行,社會大眾的意見與選票的壓力,迫使政府不得不放棄引起一般大眾不滿的政策,尤其是貨幣政策更是受到嚴重的干預,進而產生了政府財政政策優於貨幣政策之情況。 本文主要是探討中央銀行貨幣政策主導性的問題,強調只有嚴格維持央行的主導性,才能確保貨幣政策的有效性,也才能真正解決經濟與金融問題。論文內容所提及之貨幣政策皆是以公開市場操作來實現,透過緊縮貨幣政策之採行,分別利用一些簡化的模型,來探討其對政府預算赤字、通貨膨脹與財政政策(即公債)之效果,並將模型修改後應用至EMU體系之中加以分析說明。 在對預算赤字之影響方面,緊縮貨幣政策會造成(1)價格效果;(2)支出效果;(3)收入效果;(4)債務效果;(5)鑄幣效果;(6)沖銷效果;(7)套利效果等七種效果,且隨著政府的反應函數、在社會中所擔任之角色以及貨幣政策有效性之不同,而對各項效果之大小有所影響。在通貨膨脹方面,則引用了學者Sargent與Wallace的「Unpleasant Monetarist Arthmetic」模型來分析說明,結果發現,當央行無法維持其政策主導性時,緊縮貨幣政策根本無法降低通貨膨脹率,無論是當期或是未來皆是如此;此外,並引用了學者Darby的看法作為一項另類思考。在與財政政策之關係方面,則將UMA模型作一些修正,並將之套用至EMU體系中加以證明;值得注意的是,在某些情況下,將可得到只依賴財政政策便可降低通貨膨脹之結論。 從論文內容中不難發現,唯有確保央行政策之主導性,才能有效達成貨幣政策之目標。本文的政策建議主要是強調須有效控制預算赤字,才得以降低公債存量,並繼續維持央行之主導性。 第一章 目錄..............................................1 第一節 研究目的........................................1 第二節 研究內容........................................3 第二章 緊縮貨幣政策對政府預算赤字之影響..................5 第一節 在資本不能移動下之情況..........................9 第二節 在資本可完全移動下之情況.......................16 第三節 貨幣政策可靠性對預算赤字之影響.................24 第三章 公開市場操作之貨幣政策與財政政策之搭配 ----Sargent-Wallace模型之詮釋..............29 第一節 貨幣政策以公開市場操作之性質...................31 第二節 當期越緊縮貨幣,未來通貨膨脹越大之情況..........33 第三節 當期越緊縮貨幣,當期通貨膨脹越大之情況..........44 第四節 Darby對Sargent-Wallace模型之另類思考...........48 第四章 公開市場操作之貨幣政策與財政政策之調整 ----以EMU為例..............................61 第一節 在EMU體系,貨幣政策與財政政策之相互關係.........63 第二節 在開放體系,貨幣政策與財政政策之理論關係........67 第三節 財政政策之因應調整.............................78 第五章 結論.............................................86 第一節 本文主要發現...................................86 第二節 本文政策性內涵.................................88 參考文獻..................................................90
38

開放經濟體下納入信用市場之匯率動態 / Exchange Rate Dynamics in a Small Open Economy with Credit Market

林育聖, Lin,Yu-Sheng Unknown Date (has links)
In the literature, a considerable theoretical and empirical works have investigated the credit channel of monetary transmission mechanism. This dissertation extends the Bernanke and Blinder (1988) model to an open-economy setting with flexible exchange rate and perfect capital mobility. By means of the framework, we examine the exchange rate dynamics and the adjustment of real output. It turns out that, with a significant credit channel effect, the exchange rate puzzle may occur in the short run and in long run. Moreover, in contrast to Dornbusch (1976), this dissertation shows that, depending upon the strength of the credit channel effect, overshooting, undershooting and counter-shooting impact effect may occur when international capital mobility is perfect. / In the literature, a considerable theoretical and empirical works have investigated the credit channel of monetary transmission mechanism. This dissertation extends the Bernanke and Blinder (1988) model to an open-economy setting with flexible exchange rate and perfect capital mobility. By means of the framework, we examine the exchange rate dynamics and the adjustment of real output. It turns out that, with a significant credit channel effect, the exchange rate puzzle may occur in the short run and in long run. Moreover, in contrast to Dornbusch (1976), this dissertation shows that, depending upon the strength of the credit channel effect, overshooting, undershooting and counter-shooting impact effect may occur when international capital mobility is perfect.
39

俄羅斯中央銀行獨立性之研究

陳齊 Unknown Date (has links)
本篇論文主要是分析俄羅斯中央銀行的獨立性。本文先由西方經濟理論與中央銀行獨立性文獻說明中央銀行為何必須要擁有一個高度的獨立性。對於俄羅斯的高通貨膨脹現象與中央銀行地位轉變之間的關係,本文也有詳細的說明。 另外,本文就法制面俄羅斯中央銀行獨立地位的評析,接著並對實務面的央行獨立地位加以說明。 法制面的俄羅斯中央銀行獨立性相當高。實務面的俄羅斯央行作業,在政治上總統、政府與國會的角力中,形成了一個特殊的政治力真空,使中央銀行能夠取得政策獨立的地位。在俄羅斯面臨高通貨膨脹風險經濟的情況下,中央銀行對於貨幣政策以及政府財政政策的協調取得一個主動的地位。 / This article’s main idea is the analysis of Russia central bank’s independence. From the aspects of the western economic theories and central bank independence literatures, the author interprets why central bank needs to have a high independent status. This article also provides a relationship description between the Russian hyperinflation phenomenon and the transformation of Russia central bank stance. Moreover, this article uses legislative aspect and real facts to analyze the independence of Russian central bank. The article concludes Russia central bank has a high level of independent status. In the political turbulence of president, government, and Duma, it formed a political vacuum to make central bank a high independence to decide his own policy. When facing the high risk of inflation, Russia central bank also has its own initiative to coordinate the monetary policy with the government’s fiscal policy.
40

銀行資本與金融控股體系對銀行放款管道的影響-追蹤資料分析 / The impact of bank capital and financial holding company on the bank lending channel-a panel data analysis

郭羿伶 Unknown Date (has links)
本文以1999年第4季至2011年第3季24家銀行的追蹤資料,分析銀行資本與金融控股體系對銀行放款管道的影響。全體樣本銀行的實證結果顯示,沒有顯著證據支持放款管道的存在。銀行淨值及調整成本對放款有顯著的影響,支持銀行資本管道存在。另外,銀行加入金融控股體系之後,調整成本的影響增加。 大型銀行樣本的實證結果顯示,大型銀行放款管道的作用不顯著;但是,銀行資本管道呈現顯著影響。小型銀行放款管道及資本管道皆沒有顯著證據支持兩者存在,但非存款負債對小型銀行放款的影響顯著。除此之外,小型銀行在金融控股體系下,短期投資及非存款負債對放款的影響顯著。由此結果可知,大小型銀行皆可藉由資產負債的調整來抵銷貨幣政策的衝擊,維持放款的成長。

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