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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

應用消費價值理論分析小筆電的消費者行為 / Applying consumption value theory to analysis consumer behavior of the netbook

潘彥廷 Unknown Date (has links)
自2007年Eee PC刮出一陣小筆電的旋風,由07年一直紅到09年,這段過程中爭議不斷,很多廠商當作是金融海嘯下的神兵利器,也有很多廠商認為是讓筆電產業變紅海的致命毒藥;而眼前看到的事實包括07連續兩年亞馬遜網路賣場的熱賣,與華碩在08年第四季因庫存過多導致的首次虧損等,這些狀況更讓人覺得是霧裡看花,究竟小筆電的產業趨勢會如何發展,廠商又該如何制定競爭策略與規劃產品發展呢?本研究的目的就是要藉由研究小筆電的消費者行為,進而發掘小筆電的產業趨勢,並協助廠商制定競爭策略並規劃產品發展。 本研究以Sheth的消費價值(Consumption Value)模式為基礎,再配合消費者行為區隔(Segmentation)與Kotler產品屬性理論中的核心利益(Core Benefit)與基本產品(Basic Product)發展為本研究的研究架構,調查方式是以線上問卷的便利取樣法調查小筆電的潛在顧客,研究方法則先由因素分析找出樣本的消費價值,再藉由多變量分析以了解消費者的購買行為間消費價值的差異,藉以判斷不同購買時期、不同購買行為的消費者在數量與消費價值的趨勢,最後再檢定消費價值與產品屬性的相關系數來判斷該如何根據消費價值調整核心利益的發展方向與基本產品的規格,並配合檢定結果和敘述統計來分析小筆電的產業趨勢。 本研究透過實證分析得到以下的發現: 1. 四項消費行為在性別、年齡層、職業類型、年收入間至少有一項具有差異。 2. 消費者整體而言,較認同小筆電帶來的功能性價值與情境性價值 3. 四項市場區隔至少有一項消費價值具有顯著差異 4. 以調查的時間點來說,不同時期的已購者與未購者間的情境性價值有顯著差異,代表已購者受情境性因素決定購買小筆電。 5. 以調查的時間點來說,有意願在未來不同時期購買小筆電的消費者與沒有意願的消費者在社會性、情感性、情境性價值有顯著差異,代表未來影響消費者購買小筆電的因素以非功能性價值居多。 6. 已購者占有意願購買者的增加與已購者有六成比例不願意再次購買都意味著小筆電市場有可能逐漸成熟甚至衰退,廠商須重視情境性與情感性價值。 7. 有意願消費者的購買預算中位數落在一萬到一萬五千元之間,此價位購買者的新奇性價值顯著較高,而更高價位消費者的玩家專業性價值顯著較高。 8. 消費價值在消費者的各品牌偏好間無顯著差異。 9. 各消費價值與核心利益間至少有一項顯著相關,有意願購買的消費者最期待的核心利益是輕便可攜與價廉物美。 10. 各消費價值僅三項跟基本產品的升級意願有顯著相關,有意願購買的消費者最願意付費的產品屬性是品牌、處理器與電池。 / After Eee PC announced in 2007, the netbook blow a tornado until now. In this period, many people applauded and believe the netbook will be hot continuously. But, many people thought the netbook will fades gradually. The manufacturers had two different opinion, too. Many of them regarded the netbooks are sharp weapon under the financial crisis. Another though the netbooks were fatal toxicant and made the notebook industry became red sea. These opinions were confused. Beside these opinions, many facts made forecasting the trend of the netbook more difficult. We knew the netbook won the 2007 and 2008 best-sellings in Amazon online store. But we knew ASUS showed the first loss in 2008 Q4 because of excessively stock of netbook, either. All facts were just like fog, let us cannot figure out the netbook industry tendency. Therefore this research is to discover the netbook industry tendency and to help the manufacturer plan competition strategy and the product development. This research is based on the conceptual framework composed by the Sheth(1991) consumption value pattern as foundation, the consumer behavior segmentation theory and Koteler(2006) product attribute theory. We adopt on-line questionnaire to survey potential customer by convenient sampling method in this research. We use the factor analysis to find out consumption value, use MANOVA, ANOVA, Scheffe and Tamhan analysis to understand market trendancy among different periods and different consumer behaviors. Finally, we examine correlation coefficient between the consumption value and the product attribute to find the clue of product roadmap. This research obtains following findings: 1. Four consumer behaviors show at least one difference among sex, age, job and salary. 2. As for the whole, the consumers agree the functional value and the conditional value of the netbook. 3. Four segment approachs show at least one difference among seven consumer values. 4. The consumers who buy the netbook in the different period show remarkable difference in the conditional value. 5. The consumers who will purchase the netbooks in the future different time and those who won’t buy show remarkable difference among the social value, the emotional value and the conditional value. 6. Repeat buyer will become the majority of buyers in the future. And 60% buyer won’t purchase the netbook again. That mean the netbook market has the possibility become mature market even to decline gradually in the future. The manufacturers must focus on the conditional value and the emotional value. 7. The budget of the consumers who are willing to purchase fall on NT 10,000 to 14,999 dollars , whose epistemic value is remarkablly higher than others. The higher budget (NT$15,000 ~ NT$24,999) consumers’ player and perfessional value is remarkablly higher than others. 8. These consumers who perfer different brands show no difference among consumption values. 9. Consumer prefer convenient and cheap among six core benefits of the netbook. Each consumption value has at least a remarkable correlation with a core benefit. 10. Consumers prefer better brand, CPU and battery among ten basic product attributes of the netbook. Only three consumption values show the remarkable correlation with the basic product. Keywords: netbook, consumption value, consumer behavior, product attribute, segmentation, product life cycle, industrial tendency, innovation diffusion
52

類神經網路與混沌現象 / The Neural Network and Chaos

吳慧娟, Wu, Hui-Chuan Unknown Date (has links)
本研究設計了一些實驗來檢測學習完混沌資料的神經網路系統是否為混沌系統,驗證的方法是檢驗是否具有混沌資料的四個特性,這四個特性包括:有限性、非週期性、確定性、及對初始條件的敏感依賴。同時,更進一步地利用上述學習完的網路系統來預測所學習的混沌模型,這麼做的目的是想要了解:學習後的網路系統是一個混沌系統時,與學習後網路系統不是一個混沌系統時,其預測能力的比較。 此外,我們亦從理論上證明:學習完混沌資料後的神經網路系統無法重建其所學習的混沌模型。然而,有時網路系統卻能夠模擬成一個混沌系統;如果使用模擬成混沌系統的神經網路來預測具有混沌現象的資料,換句話說,也就可能是使用一個混沌系統去預測另一個混沌系統,根據混沌的特性 -- 對初始條件的敏感依賴,這樣的預測應該會造成相當大的誤差;不過,從本研究的實驗中發現,無論學習後的神經網路系統是否為一個混沌系統,對其預測能力並無顯著的影響。 本論文希望能給「用神經網路系統來預測具有混沌現象的金融市場或其他領域」一些貢獻與幫助。 / This paper uses some experimental designs to detect if the Neural Networks system after learning the chaotic data is a chaotic system. That is verified via testing four characteristics in chaotic data, inclusive of boundedness, determinism, aperiodicity and sensitive dependence on initial conditions. Further, this paper uses the result above to predict the learned chaotic model. The purpose is to probe into if the Neural Networks system after learning the chaotic data is a chaotic system and is used to predict, how good the short-term and the long-term predictions will be? And, compare with if the Neural Networks system after learning the chaotic data is not a chaotic system and is used to predict, how large the error will be? We present the Neural Network systems after learning the chaotic data never can rebuild the learned chaotic model. But, sometimes the Neural Network system would mimic as a chaotic system. So, if we take Neural Network system to predict something with chaotic phenomena, it is possible to use one chaotic system to predict another chaotic system. According to the property of sensitive dependence on initial conditions, it should make large errors. However, from the experiments we design, we find whether the Neural Network system after learning is a chaotic system or not, it has no influence on its predicting effect. This hint is applied to use ANN to predict in financial markets or other areas with chaotic phenomenon.
53

老年婦女陷入貧窮之因素及其困境之探討--以台北市為例 / The research on the poverty of elderly women - The factors of the poverty and major hardships

吳雅惠, Wu, Ya-Hui Unknown Date (has links)
有鑑於臺灣地區已在民國八十二年步入「老人國」之列,顯示老年人的經濟問題已不容忽視。尤其是女性老人,更是最易落入貧窮的一個族群,因此,本研究即在探討老年婦女陷入貧窮之因素及困境,研究目的有三: 1.探討婦女在老年陷入貧窮困境的因素。 2.探索貧窮的老年婦女之生活困境,以及她們如何適應。 3.依據研究結果提出政策上的建議。 本研究採取女性主義者對女性陷入貧窮因素的解釋,輔以生命週期的觀點,來探討在女性的一生中,累積經濟資源(主要是工作薪資及財產繼承)的能力與機會如何影響到其在老年期的經濟地位。另外,也探討年滿65歲的老年婦女一旦陷入貧窮,她們所面臨在經濟上、健康醫療上、住屋上、心理適應及社會疏離的困境,以及她們如何適應。 本研究係採「質化研究法」,深入訪談十二位領取中低收入戶老人生活津貼的老年婦女,藉以勾勒出其生活狀況,及其一生中面臨的困境與難關。研究結果顯示,由於女性身為經濟依賴者的身份,因此,陷入貧窮最大的因素在於被依賴者無法提供充足的經濟生活。而女性的被依賴者包含丈夫、子女及自己(含娘家)。由女性的一生看起來,她們先是生在不甚富裕的家庭裡,於是無法對她們做人力投資,再加上勞力市場的性別歧視,使她們無法靠自己的力量賺取薪資。除此之外,娘家的困窘也無法提供任何財產的繼承。而後,在婚姻市場上也找不到條件較佳的丈夫,經濟生活得不到保障。而在這種貧困的條件下,對所生育的子女自也無法做良好的投資,培育其人力資本,影響到在勞力市場的表現,再加上子女若無撫養之意願,「養兒防老」的期待自然落空。 更深一層去探究老年婦女陷入貧窮的因素,其實是受到「父權主義」操縱的影響。由父權主義延伸的「性別勞力分工」的概念,形塑了「男主外,女主內」的分工方式,於是女性擔負起無酬的家務工作及照顧工作的責任,再加上女性在教育、財產繼承、勞力市場等所受到的不平等待遇,使她們要靠自己的力量賺取薪資是相當不容易的,於是她們的經濟生活只能依賴男性,而當男性無法支持時,就無可避免的陷入貧窮。 歸納起來,受訪者正式進入社會救助體系的導火線不外三種:健康、住屋、以及工作中斷。這些事件的發生使得她們原本即不充裕的經濟生活更是陷入困境,在沒有其他支持體系的情況下,唯有進入社會救助中低或低收入戶的體系,以獲得生活上的補助。面對貧窮這項事實,大多的受訪者都抱持宿命論的態度。而在適應的方法上,受訪者多是參與宗教活動、運動、與鄰居聊天等方式來調適自己的心情。但由她們所從事的活動看來,侷限於自家附近,並很明顯的偏向從事免費的活動,形成了社會疏離的現象。會造成這種現象的因素即是因為受訪者受限於經濟狀況、教育程度以及自卑心理,使她們與外界聯繫的程度不高。 根據研究結果,研究者提出幾點建議: 1.減少就業市場的性別歧視。 2.減少因家務照顧責任的損失。 3.合理計算貧窮線之基準,並規劃相關的補助措施。 4.鼓勵低收入戶老人參與文康休閒活動,及加強對低收入戶獨居老人的問安服務。 5.規劃國民年金制度。 本研究之研究限制有二: 1.無法推論及概化。 2.信度與效度的問題。
54

運輸與存貨問題的可行性分析與研究 / Analysis on Transportation and Inventory Problems

林志漢, Lin, Chih - Han Unknown Date (has links)
在本篇論文裡, 我們提出一個"油輪排程規畫"的方法。處理在計畫期間中, 有關原油供應商的供給, 油輪的運輸與需求地儲油庫存貨管理的問題。藉由一些性質的探討來分析運輸排程與存貨管理。由供應油商契約量中供應量的情形, 提出最大累積可提運量表, 並藉由該表來輔助我們做排程; 由分油的概念與訂貨週期的制定, 分析運輸工具的排程狀況與儲油庫油量存貨的關係; 由運輸與儲油庫油料之間的互動關係, 提出管理的方案; 最後再藉由理想存貨量的關念來確立租用臨時運輸工具的可行性。並藉由所提出的性質來處理租用運輸工具的排程。在各個階段的處理過程中, 包括分析限制條件是否滿足的情形等, 總共提出了四個演算法, 找出滿足整個問題限制條件的可行排程。最後, 引用實務上的例子, 來說明油輪排程規畫的方法。 / In this paper, we consider an inventory problem of which the lead time depends on vehicles chosen from a restricted set. The inventory itself hasother constraints that must satisfy the demand and capacity limitation. Inspecific, a problem that considers scheduling oil tankers for transportingcrude oils from supplies to a refinery is represented. With the help of some properties discovered while analyzing the problem of oil tanker scheduling with inventory management, such as largest accumulated supplies from oil suppliers, demand intervals and reorder intervals, and an ideal inventory level, we develope an oil tanker scheduling model to determine each vehicle's schedule and satisfy all constraints. The model consists of four heuristic algorithms which are described step by step asthe solution procedure. A realworld example from an oil company is used to illustrate the four algorithms and suggest a feasible schedule for transporting crude oils. In short, we not only give 1 overall viewpoint of inventory and transportation problems but also provide a heuristic procedurefor solving it.
55

關於週期性波包近似值的理論與應用 / On the Theory and Applications of Periodic Wavelet Approximation

鄧起文, Deng, Qi Wen Unknown Date (has links)
在本篇論文裏,我們將使用所謂的週期化(periodization)的裝置作用於Daubechies' compactly supported wavelets上而得到一族構成L<sup>2</sup>([0,1])和H<sup>s</sup>-periodic (the space of periodic function locally in H<sup>s</sup>)基底的正交的週期性波包(orthonormal periodic wavelets)。然後我們給出了對於一函數的波包近似值的誤差估計(參閱定理6)以及對於週期性邊界值的常微分方程問題的解的波包近似值的誤差估計(參閱定理7)。對於Burger equation的數值解也當作一個應用來討論。 / In this thesis,we shall construct a family of orthonormal periodic wavelets which form a basis of L<sup>2</sup>([0,l]) and H<sup>s</sup>-periodic (the space of periodic functions locally in H<sup>s</sup>) by using a device called periodization ([10,7]) on Daubechies' compactly supported wavelets.We then give the error estimates for the wavelet approximation to a given function (see theorem 6) and to a solution of periodic boundary value problem for ordinary differential equation(see theorem 7). Numerical solution for Burger equation is also discussed as an application.
56

企業生命週期與股價關聯性之研究 / The Association Between Earnings and Stock Prices--A Test of The Business Life Cycle Hypothesis

侯運神, Hou, Yun Shen Unknown Date (has links)
會計的主要目的在提供有用的資訊,以幫助使用者制定相關決策。由於一般公認會計原則採用應計基礎,重視收益實現原則及配合原則,因此盈餘資訊一直相當受到重視。自Ball & Brown及Beaver從事有關盈餘與股票報酬的研究開始,許多實證研究的結果均支持盈餘具有資訊內涵。國內有關這方面的研究亦不在少數,但所得的結論並不一致,有些支持盈餘有用,有些則否。基於這個原因,本研究乃由企業生命週期的觀點來探討盈餘與股價的關聯性,以了解盈餘對股票報酬是否具有解釋能力。   本研究所欲檢定的假說如下:   一、假說一:相同的盈餘,在成長期股價的反應大於成熟期   二、假說二:相同的盈餘,在成熟期股價的反應大於衰退期   三、假說三:相同的盈餘,在成長期股價的反應大於衰退期   四、假說四:假說一至假說三中之三種盈餘與股價的關係,不因公司規模的大小而有差異   五、假說五:假說一至假說三中之三種盈餘與股價的關係,不因行業的不同而有差異   根據實證的結果,本研究達成下列結論:   一、本研究所使用的四個企業生命週期指標變數--營收成長率、營業利益率、股利支付率及企業年齡,除了股利支付率外,其餘三者之變動與預期相符,應為適當之分類指標。   二、對於相同的盈餘,在不同的企業生命週期階段中,股價的反應趨勢雖支持研究假說,但因各階段的係數間並未有顯著的差異,因此假說一、假說二及假說三無法獲得證實。   三、以不同期間進行分析時,所獲結果並無重大改善,因此仍無法證實上述三個假說的真實性。   四、在規模別的分析中,小公司之分析結果與正常時期之分析結果大致相同,但大公司在營收成長率、營業利益率及股利支付率三種指標中其成長期股價的反應顯著大於成熟期,此時假說一獲得證實。因小公司與大公司在各階段股價的反應並不相同,因此假說四無法獲得證實。   五、在行業別的分析中,只有塑膠業較符合本研究的預期,其他行業則否,因此假說五亦無法獲得證實。   六、造成上述結果的可能原因有三:    (一)台灣股市規模尚小,且機構投資者在市場交易所占比例不高,加上證券法規未徹底執行、投資人較不重視基本分析,造成股市投機性高,因此盈餘資訊與股價間的關係不易偵測。    (二)台灣上市公司大多擁有許多關係企業,或為關係企業之成員,受關係企業之影響頗深,在股價的反應上自不單純以個別公司情況作考量,因此應考慮整個企業集團的情況。    (三)企業在衰退後可能因策略上的改變,如多角化經營,而進入另一個生命週期,再次成長。依本研究的理論模型,此時股價會對此有所反應,因而導致成熟期與衰退期股價對盈餘的反應與成長期無蘋著的差異。
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MLB球員在合約年與非合約年效率衡量之研究 / The efficiency of MLB players before and after signing multi-year contracts

謝嘉峰 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究以資料包絡分析法來衡量職業球員的績效表現,球員在簽訂複數年合約前後與績效表現之關聯性,來探討球員是否有合約週期的現象,進而再探究球員處於合約年的比率多寡,是否會對球隊的勝率造成影響。   本研究以2002年球季結束後至2008年球季開始前,這段期間曾與球團簽訂複數年合約的美國大聯盟球員為研究對象。實證結果顯示投手在簽訂複數年合約前一年,純粹技術效率有明顯增加,野手部分則顯示在簽約前兩年整體技術效率呈現顯著增加。研究結果顯示支持合約週期理論,即球員在合約年之前會刻意增加表現,以便爭取較佳之合約。另外,以2009年各球隊的勝場數為研究對象,實證結果顯示,當球隊中有較多投手處於複數年合約的第一年,則球隊的勝場數顯著較少。 / This research applies Data envelopment analysis to examine the performance of Major League Baseball (MLB) players before and after signing multi-year contracts. The research also aims to explore the claim of contract cycle theory by investigating whether contract status has an influence on wining ratio of a team. The sample includes players who signed multi-year contracts between end of season 2002 and prior season 2008. The result illustrates that pitchers’pure technical efficiency increase significantly before signing the contract and fielders’total technical efficiency increase significantly 2 years before the contract signing. The results support the contract cycle theory that players show a tendency to improve their performance prior to signing a contract in order to earn a better contract. In addition, the teams with more players who are in their first year of multi-year contract have a significantly less number of wining ratio.
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突圍 – 軟體代理商的競爭模式 / Software distributor competition strategy

洪志輝 Unknown Date (has links)
電腦軟體這個伴隨著電腦科技,成為今後人類最具影響力的產品,隨著網際網路的發展已經進入了一個新的世代。在網際網路普及之前,軟體的發展除了要靠軟體開發廠商的創造力,最重要的就是代理商的傳播力、行銷力、及銷售力,把這樣無形性、智慧性的商品,提供給所需要的顧客。網際網路普及後則發生了本質性的轉變,尤其是數位影像及多媒體這類比較偏向一般使用者的套裝軟體。 本文將以數位影像及多媒體的代理商,在台灣的通路發展為主軸,探討這樣通路商所面臨的問題及策略決策模式。其中我們將以該產業最著名代理商為個案研究標的,以該個案為主軸探討此類通路商的如何應用五力分析在市場處於發展階段,用以發展自身的競爭優勢及其策略,在市場面臨成熟時如何應用技術採用生命週期的觀點,面對網際網路普及其對通路的衝擊,並提出可行的對應策略及建議。 / Computer softwear had been the most powerful and imfluenced tool to humannity for the then and now on, which drived by Internet and hardware popularity. Before the Internet age, software’s diffusion would depend on the orginial developer’s creativity and local Distributor’s marketing, sales force to deliver this kind of intelligent and intangible products to the customer. However as the Internet age comes, some of these connection had been changed. Image and Multi-media products could be on of the the most dramatice impact groups. In this thesis we would focus on Image and Multi-media software Distributor’s. With the most famous Distributor’s case study, we could further understand how they to build core competition and long term strategy to compet the competition and fulfill the consumer and orginal developer’s needs. Especially after the Internet age, what’s the key strategy make it survive and stronger. In this case we would learn how to use Five Fore Analysis to build core competetion in the market growing age, and how to fit in Technology Adoption LifeCycle theory in the realy world and wha’s the solution for the coming age.
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熱帶亞純函數及其在差分方程之應用 / Tropical Meromorphic Functions and Their Application on Difference Equations

陳亮, Chen, Liang Unknown Date (has links)
在這篇論文中,一個熱帶亞純函數(tropical meromorphic function)若給定有限個零根(roots)與極點(poles)還有它們的重數(multiplicities),我們證明了這個熱帶亞純函數的存在與唯一性。另外,一個熱帶週期函數(tropical periodic function)若給定一個週期區間內的有限個零根與極點還有它們的重數,我們也找到了這個熱帶週期函數的一個簡單表達式。接著,給定一個一階線性差分方程(first-order linear difference equation),我們討論了各種情況下的所有熱帶亞純函數解的表達式。最後,對於連續函數我們提供了一個它的熱帶近似函數,希望對於解差分方程的熱帶亞純函數解時能有所助益。 / In this thesis, we find the formula of tropical meromorphic function by giving finite number of roots and poles (with multiplicities). We also find a simple formula for tropical periodic function by giving finite number of roots and poles (with multiplicities) during a period [0,T). We then discuss all cases of the tropical meromorphic solution functions of first-order linear difference equation. At last, we provide a tropical approximated function of a given continuous function. We hope it is helpful in solving the tropical meromorphic solution functions of a given difference equation.
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球員在合約年及非合約年績效—以NBA為例 / The athletics' efficiency performance before and after signing a new multi-year contract: using NBA as an example.

邱咏平 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究使用資料包絡分析法衡量NBA球員之績效值,並探討球員在簽訂複數年合約前後與績效之關聯性,是否有Stiroh(2002)提出之合約年效應,並進而比較NBA官方提供績效值與DEA法計算出之球員績效值何者對於球員薪資具有較佳的解釋能力。 本研究取用2000年至2011年共11年間曾經歷合約到期並再次向球團簽訂複數年合約的184名球員做為樣本;實證結果發現,在控制年齡、年資、提前續約與否、球員位置及先發球員與否後整體技術效率方面及球員每分鐘平均績效值顯示在球員簽約前績效有顯著提高之現象; NBA官方提供績效值與純技術效率簽約前後係數也是負的,雖然未達到統計上顯著水準,因此,本研究結果顯示NBA球員在簽約新約前的確有合約週期現象,亦即為爭取較佳合約球員在簽約前會刻意表現較佳之績效。 此外,根據Vuong Test比較NBA官方提供績效值與DEA法計算出之績效值和球員每分鐘績效值與薪資關聯性的測試結果,顯示由官方提供之績效值對薪資關聯性較高,說明目前NBA官方提供之績效值仍然是球團用來與球員薪資的談判重要參考指標之一。 / The research applies Data Envelopment Analysis to examine the NBA players’ efficiency performance before and after signing a new multi-year contract, and whether there exists the Contract Cycle Effect that suggested by Stiroh (2002). The research also tries to compare NBA efficiency score and DEA efficiency score to test which has a higher association with salary. The samples selected 184 NBA players who signed a new multi-year contract from 2000 to 2011. After controlling the players’ age, seniority, extension, position and starting or not, the empirical results denote that DEA total efficiency score and the NBA efficiency per minute indicate a higher efficiency score before signing a new contract, The NBA official efficiency score and DEA technical efficiency score also reveal a negative coefficient before and after new contract singed, although the statistical test didn’t reach the significant level. The results imply that NBA players do exist the Contract Cycle Effect phenomenon that players will perform better efficiency in order to get a better contract. The Vuong test results reveal that the official NBA efficiency score has a higher association with salary comparing with DEA efficiency score. The finding suggests that the official efficiency score is one of the major references for the NBA teams on salary arbitration.

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