Ce projet de recherche a pour but d’étudier le processus créatif, l’apprentissage social, la rationalité, les conflits, les règles et les normes de trois groupes d’auteurs contemporains à New York et à Paris. Les méthodes de recherche incluent des entretiens avec des auteurs, la narration d’anecdotes sur le comportement des acteurs sociaux, la construction d’un tableau sociométrique des règles et des normes propres à chaque groupe d’après la théorie de Howard BECKER, et une analyse de texte qui mobilise la méthode d’étude structurale du sociologue de la littérature Lucien GOLDMANN. Ce projet de recherche a permis l’identification des niches sociales d’auteurs contemporains, dans lesquelles des échanges d’informations permettent un apprentissage social qui a de la valeur professionnelle et personnelle pour les acteurs sociaux en question. Enfin, ce projet de recherche permettra le placement des auteurs contemporains dans l’organigramme de la production culturelle de Pierre BOURDIEU, qui distingue « le sous-champ de l’avant-garde », « le sous-champ de la grande production » et « le champ du pouvoir » dans le monde littéraire. / The purpose of this research project is to explore the creative process, social learning, motivation, conflicts, rules and norms of three groups of contemporary writers in New York and Paris. Research methods include interviews with authors, the narration of anecdotes about the behavior of the social actors, and the construction of a sociometric table of rules and norms specific to each group according to the theory of Howard BECKER. This project also offers contains a literary analysis using Lucien GOLDMANN’s method of structural study. This research led to the identification of social networks of contemporary authors, in which the exchange of information allows social learning that has both professional and personal value for the social actors in question. Finally, this research will allow the placement of contemporary authors into Pierre BOURDIEU’s map of cultural production, which distinguishes “the sub-field of the avant-garde,” “the sub-field of large-scale production,” and “the field of power” in the literary world.

Diese Dissertation nimmt am Beispiel des Max-Planck-Instituts für Bildungsforschung (MPIB) eine systemtheoretische Betrachtung der Folgen von Politikberatung für den Wissenschaftsbetrieb vor. In seiner Arbeit stand das MPIB in einem Dreiecksverhältnis zur Politik einerseits und zur Max-Planck-Gesellschaft andererseits. Alle drei Seiten hatten ihre eigenen Funktionslogiken und Zielvorstellungen, die ihre gegenseitigen Austauschbeziehungen formten und bedingten und in ihren Wechselwirkungen mithilfe einer systemtheoretischen Perspektive analysiert werden. Dabei wurde der Zeitraum zwischen 1962 und etwa 1989 betrachtet. Es wurden zwei unterschiedliche Quellenzugänge gewählt: Erstens wurden etwa 60 Leitfadengespräche mit ehemaligen oder aktuellen Institutsangehörigen sowieso weiteren Zeitzeugen geführt. Zweitens wurden die im Zusammenhang mit dem MPIB vorhandenen Aktenbestände der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Publikationen des Instituts und seiner Angehörigen sowie weitere Institutsbestände eingesehen und analysiert. Es ließ sich nachweisen, dass die zu unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten am Institut vorherrschenden Wissenschaftsverständnisse sein jeweiliges Engagement in der Politikberatung determiniert und zusätzlich die konkrete Ausprägung der strukturellen Kopplung von Wissenschaft und Politik – sprich: den Grad der Vermischung der Funktionsprinzipien im Prozess der Politikberatung – bestimmt haben. Als besondere Zäsur stellte sich der Direktorenwechsel um 1982 heraus. Der vor der Zäsur beträchtliche gesellschaftliche Statusgewinn der in der Politikberatung engagierten Institutsmitglieder führte zur Verfestigung einer institutsinternen Hierarchie, die der empirischen Grundlagenforschung zeitweise eine Außenseiterrolle zuwies. Das dominierende Wissenschaftsverständnis nach der Zäsur betonte dann die Grundlagenforschung und definierte sich über die Abgrenzung von der Politikberatung einerseits und überdrehtem Theorieanspruch andererseits. / Looking at the Max Planck Institute for Human Development (MPIHD) from a systems theory standpoint, this dissertation seeks to analyze policy adivising provided by researchers. In its work, the MPIHD was positioned in a triangle between the political system on the one side and the Max Planck Society on the other side. All three sides had their own logic of functioning and their own set of values that determined their mutual relationships. This complex triangular exchange of information was analyzed from a systems theory standpoint covering the timeframe between 1962 and 1989. Two different kinds of sources were applied: Firstly, approximately 60 semi-structured in-depth interviews were carried out with both current and former MPIHD members as well as additional stakeholders. Secondly, the archives of the Max Planck Society in Berlin were searched for all documents concerning the MPIHD; major publications of institute members were analyzed as well. It became clear that the researchers'' attitude toward basic versus applied research determined their respective engagement in policy advising and at the same time formed the concrete variation of „structural coupling“ - in other words: of the degree of overlay between the different logics of functioning of the scientific and the political realms in the process of policy advising. The replacement of the founding directors around 1982 proved to be a major turning point in the institute''s history. Before this turning point, being involved in policy advising led to considerable social status gains inside the institute''s hierarchy; a hierarchy that had put fundamental and, at least partly, empirical research at the sidelines. After the turning point, however, fundamental research was paramount in the institute''s set of values, and the mainstream consisted in refraining from policy advising and „overzealous“ theoretical discussions.

Seit September 2010 wird am Handschriftenzentrum der UB Leipzig ein von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) gefördertes Pilotprojekt zur Erschließung von Kleinsammlungen mittelalterlicher Handschriften in Sachsen und dem Leipziger Umland durchgeführt. Über die Vorgeschichte und Ziele des Projekts hat an dieser Stelle vor einem Jahr (vgl. BIS 2010/4, S. 250 – 253) der Leiter des Handschriftenzentrums Dr. Christoph Mackert berichtet.

Seit September 2010 wird am Handschriftenzentrum der UB Leipzig ein von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) gefördertes Pilotprojekt zur Erschließung von Kleinsammlungen mittelalterlicher Handschriften in Sachsen und dem Leipziger Umland durchgeführt. Über die Vorgeschichte und Ziele des Projekts hat an dieser Stelle vor einem Jahr (vgl. BIS 2010/4, S. 250 – 253) der Leiter des Handschriftenzentrums Dr. Christoph Mackert berichtet.

We’re often warned that the internet will hasten the dating apocalypse. The internet (it is posited) is depriving us of the elusive in-person magic, and modern courtship is now little more than love at first byte. There remains uncertainty, however, about what the independent impact of the internet on the dating market has been. Similar to the internet, the telephone also changed the way we communicate, but its effect on the dating market was mostly complementary to the 'traditional' ways of meeting – i.e. calling your school crush at home. So the question remains: Is the effect of the internet on the dating market complementary (adding your school crush on Facebook) or substitutionary (matching with a stranger on Tinder)? Is the internet any better than the telephone? If all that was known about a random couple is that they met after 2015, I find that there is a 1 in 3 chance that the couple met as strangers online. Lesbian couples who met after 2015 have a 1 in 2 chance of meeting online, whereas gay male couples have a 63% probability of meeting online as strangers. This increased likelihood of same-sex couples meeting online (as opposed to heterosexual couples) confirms the thin-market hypothesis. The key value proposition of the internet is that it reduces search frictions in the dating market – effectively making it easier for individuals to seek out their optimal matching. I find that the internet is primarily displacing only ‘social circles’ as a dating venue – the probability of meeting partners in public or at institutions (like college) is unchanged. In other words – individuals are essentially replacing their friends with Wi-Fi when it comes to mate search.

From the claims of punk rocker GG Allin aiming to shed his own blood for Rock ‘n’ Roll to the religiously tinted narratives of Bruce Springsteen we come to find artists using religious references to color their artistic medium. A question arises: Could these utterances and narratives show a deeper meaning behind Rock ‘n’ Roll such that it can give individuals a way to obtain religious experience? This thesis aims at arguing for the ability of Rock ‘n’ Roll as having a way to incite feelings of religious experience and communitas. Through the usage of auto-ethnography coupled with subsidiary sources from academic to pop culture writers this thesis will investigate if such a creative form helps to enable individuals to experience transcendence and feelings of community while immersed in Rock ‘n’ Roll.

From the claims of punk rocker GG Allin aiming to shed his own blood for Rock ‘n’ Roll to the religiously tinted narratives of Bruce Springsteen we come to find artists using religious references to color their artistic medium. A question arises: Could these utterances and narratives show a deeper meaning behind Rock ‘n’ Roll such that it can give individuals a way to obtain religious experience? This thesis aims at arguing for the ability of Rock ‘n’ Roll as having a way to incite feelings of religious experience and communitas. Through the usage of auto-ethnography coupled with subsidiary sources from academic to pop culture writers this thesis will investigate if such a creative form helps to enable individuals to experience transcendence and feelings of community while immersed in Rock ‘n’ Roll.

Exploration of the familial power women possess is growing as sociologists and anthropologists recognize the legitimacy of power internal to the family. The focus of this research was to uncover the forms of power German-Russian women held as they operated in the private sphere of the family. Attention also focused on the transference of women's power, and the family power dynamics unique to farm families. Members of three generations of one German-Russian farm family were interviewed. The results indicated German-Russian women operated from bases of power derived from their roles as farm wives who contributed to family sustenance, and as caretakers and kinkeepers, maintaining family cohesion. While male power is largely public and formal, women's reliance on the bonds of familial relationships across generations lend them greater power in that realm.

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