Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-02-07T13:57:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Fabiana Duarte Raslan.pdf: 526159 bytes, checksum: cea4714a9c13734a2c034d2727cd5a40 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-07T13:57:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Fabiana Duarte Raslan.pdf: 526159 bytes, checksum: cea4714a9c13734a2c034d2727cd5a40 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior, CAPES, Brasil. / Federalism is the subject of more than one of human knowledge: field consists of a form of political organization, and in this sense the political science field object at the same time translates through a set of rules governing the model state of political society that adopts it, and in this sense would be in the field of law. Starting from this premise, each area of scientific knowledge sought to formulate a general theory of federalism. Thus, by adopting a set of theoretical and methodological traditions of a subject to treat an object, namely, federalism, each area of knowledge built, in its way, a conception of Brazilian federalism. This study aimed to overcome a perspective of mere observation of these fields of knowledge, to propose a critical and reflective analysis of the Brazilian political thinking about the Brazilian federalism and its relation to democracy in two decisive moments of political transition in the history of Brazil: the first time when adopting the federative model for the first time in Brazil, which took place in the transition from Empire to Republic, and the second time, the democratic reopening that culminated in the 1988 Constitution, during which political science was already institutionalized in Brazil. To perform this analysis, a methodology that started from a perspective that surpass the more traditional demarcations of the fields of Political Science and Law was adopted. The idea is to understand how these enunciations of jurists and political scientists about the Brazilian federalism converge and diverge about the political and administrative organization in order in both periods. The Democratic State problems of law in its broadest sense touch both areas of knowledge, but the old and traditional theoretical constructs about the elements that make federalism are not sitting in the social complexity of contemporary, complexity this that calls for a scientific view interdisciplinary. / O federalismo constitui objeto de mais de um campo do conhecimento humano: consiste em uma forma de organiza??o pol?tica, sendo neste sentido objeto do campo da Ci?ncia Pol?tica, ao mesmo tempo em que se traduz por meio de um conjunto de normas que disciplinam o modelo de estado da sociedade pol?tica que o adota, e, neste sentido estaria no campo do Direito. Partindo-se desta premissa, cada ?rea do conhecimento cient?fico procurou formular uma teoria geral do federalismo. Assim, ao adotar um conjunto de tradi??es te?ricometodol?gicas de uma disciplina para tratar um objeto, qual seja, o federalismo, cada ?rea do conhecimento constru?ra, a seu modo, uma concep??o sobre o federalismo brasileiro. Este trabalho buscou superar uma perspectiva de mera observa??o destes campos do saber, para propor uma an?lise cr?tico-reflexiva do pensamento pol?tico brasileiro acerca do federalismo brasileiro e sua rela??o com a democracia em dois momentos decisivos de transi??o pol?tica na hist?ria do Brasil: o primeiro momento, quando da ado??o do modelo federativo pela primeira vez no Brasil, o que se deu na transi??o do Imp?rio para a Rep?blica, e no segundo momento, o da reabertura democr?tica que culminou na Constitui??o de 1988, per?odo no qual a Ci?ncia Pol?tica j? estava institucionalizada no Brasil. Para proceder esta an?lise, foi adotada uma metodologia que partiu de uma perspectiva que superasse as demarca??es mais tradicionais dos campos da Ci?ncia Pol?tica e do Direito. A ideia consiste em perceber como essas enuncia??es de juristas e cientistas pol?ticos acerca do federalismo brasileiro convergem e divergem acerca do modo de organiza??o pol?tico-administrativa em ambos os per?odos. Os problemas do Estado Democr?tico de Direito em sua mais ampla acep??o tocam ambas as ?reas do conhecimento, mas as velhas e tradicionais constru??es te?ricas a respeito dos elementos que integram o federalismo n?o encontram assento na complexidade social da contemporaneidade, complexidade esta que reclama uma vis?o cient?fica interdisciplinar.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-02-09T16:33:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Bruno Vilarinho Victorino Pinto.pdf: 1581753 bytes, checksum: 66033106fefd5a72335775e4dc3f3644 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-09T16:33:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Bruno Vilarinho Victorino Pinto.pdf: 1581753 bytes, checksum: 66033106fefd5a72335775e4dc3f3644 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-08 / Fish consumption has been associated with healthy habits, mainly due to the high protein content and the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids omega 3 and 6, as well as vitamins and minerals. Tilapia has been prominent in the national scenario as one of the main aquaculture species, being the most cultivated species. This growth has caused an increase in the demand for the industrialization of this fish, considering that the main product commercialized is filet. However, residues from tilapia processing correspond to 65%, generating large volumes. Part of these residues, such as the tilapia ridge (carcass with meat adhered after the filleting process), can be used to obtain mechanically separated meat (CMS) for the production of fish co-products with good nutritional quality. In this context the use of the tranglutaminase enzyme in the elaboration of fish derivatives, mainly fish shaped products, becomes interesting to provide good textural properties, increasing the acceptability of the products. The objective of this study was to develop a fishburger from the TMS of tilapia spines, added with transglutaminase aiming at adding value to the product and optimizing the use of the residues generated in tilapia processing. The raw material (CMS) was analyzed for the composition centesimal, chemical and microbiological physical characteristics. The nutritional quality of the product was evaluated through the fatty acid profile, besides the centesimal, chemical and microbiological evaluation. Both the product and the raw material presented satisfactory chemical and microbiological physical characteristics. For the evaluation of the best answers in the elaboration of the fishburgers, the response surface methodology was used, using as independent variables: water percentage (5, 9, 15, 21 and 25%), manioc starch (0, 2, 5, 8, 10%) and transglutaminase (0, 0.4, 1, 1.6 and 2%), and as dependent variables: moisture content, water retention capacity, percentage of shrinkage, cooking yield and texture (hardness, cohesiveness, elasticity, guminess and chewing). Satisfactory results were obtained for the highest concentrations of starch and transglutaminase and for the lowest percentages of water. Thus, two new formulations of fishburgers were prepared by fixing the water and starch to 0 and 10%, respectively, and varying the transglutaminase by 2.3 and 2.5%. These fishburgers were intended for centesimal and nutritional evaluation. Both the raw and the grilled product had good indices as to the centesimal composition, being the low lipid content and high protein content. The nutritional quality of the fishburgers showed a good profile in fatty acids, highlighting. The utilization of the spine to obtain CMS and its destination for the elaboration of co-products of fish for human consumption proved to be feasible, since the product obtained presented good nutritional quality, with low fat content. The application of the transglutaminase enzyme was efficient in improving textural properties. However, for the other variables, cassava starch proved to be more efficient. / O consumo de pescado tem sido associado a h?bitos saud?veis, principalmente pelo alto teor de prote?nas e pela presen?a de ?cidos graxos poli-insaturados ?mega 3 e 6, al?m de vitaminas e minerais. A til?pia vem se destacando no cen?rio nacional como uma das principais esp?cies da aquicultura, sendo a esp?cie mais cultivada. Este crescimento vem causando um aumento na demanda pela industrializa??o deste peixe, tendo em vista que o principal produto comercializado ? o fil?, por?m, res?duos do beneficiamento da til?pia correspondem a 65%. Parte destes res?duos, como ? o caso do espinha?o de til?pia (carca?a com a carne aderida ap?s o processo de filetagem), pode ser destinado a obten??o de carne mecanicamente separada (CMS) para elabora??o de coprodutos de pescado com boa qualidade nutricional. Neste contexto, o uso da enzima transglutaminase na elabora??o de derivados de pescado, principalmente produtos formatados de pescado, torna-se interessante por fornecer boas propriedades texturais, aumentando a aceitabilidade dos produtos. O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver um fishburger a partir da CMS de espinha?os de til?pia adicionado de transglutaminase, visando agrega??o de valor e otimiza??o do uso dos res?duos gerados no processamento da til?pia. A mat?ria prima (CMS) foi analisada quanto a composi??o centesimal, caracter?stica f?sico qu?mica e microbiol?gica. A qualidade nutricional do produto foi avaliada atrav?s do perfil em ?cidos graxos, al?m da avalia??o centesimal, f?sico qu?mica e microbiol?gica. Tanto o produto como a mat?ria prima apresentaram caracter?stica f?sico qu?mica e microbiol?gica satisfat?ria. Para avalia??o das melhores respostas na elabora??o dos fishburgers foi utilizado a metodologia de superf?cie de resposta, usando como vari?veis independentes: percentual de ?gua (5, 9, 15, 21 e 25%), f?cula de mandioca (0, 2, 5, 8, 10%) e transglutaminase (0; 0,4; 1; 1,6 e 2%), e como vari?veis dependentes: teor de umidade, capacidade de reten??o de ?gua, percentual de encolhimento, rendimento na coc??o e perfil de textura (dureza, coesividade, elasticidade, gomosidade e mastigabilidade). Resultados satisfat?rios foram obtidos para as maiores concentra??es de f?cula e transglutaminase e para os menores percentuais de ?gua. Deste modo, foram elaborados duas novas formula??es de fishburgers fixando-se a ?gua e f?cula em 0 e 10%, respectivamente, e variando a transglutaminase em 2,3 e 2,5%. Estes fishburgers foram destinados ? avalia??o centesimal e nutricional. Tanto o produto cr? como o grelhado obtiveram bons ?ndices quanto a composi??o centesimal, destacando-se o baixo conte?do lip?dico e elevado teor de prote?nas. O aproveitamento dos espinha?os para obten??o de CMS e sua destina??o para elabora??o de coprodutos de pescado para alimenta??o humana mostrou-se vi?vel, uma vez que o produto obtido apresentou boa qualidade nutricional, com baixo conte?do de gordura. A aplica??o da enzima transglutaminase foi eficiente na melhoria das propriedades texturais. Por?m, para as demais vari?veis respostas a f?cula de mandioca mostrou-se mais eficiente.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-05-02T19:07:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Rafael Sanches Pacheco.pdf: 1387070 bytes, checksum: c73e833c8d495bf472f647befeedd57e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-02T19:07:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Rafael Sanches Pacheco.pdf: 1387070 bytes, checksum: c73e833c8d495bf472f647befeedd57e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-19 / CNPq / The 15N natural abundance technique to measure the biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in legumes is based on the slight enrichment of 15N observed in soils to the atmosphere and does not require the application of labelled fertilizers. The objectives of this work were: to quantify the BNF contribution in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars under field conditions through the 15N natural abundance technique; to evaluate the agronomic performance of these cultivars under inoculation; to estimate the isotopic fractionation value during BNF (B value) of common bean cultivars grown in nutrient solution. Two experiments were conducted in greenhouse in nutrient solution without N, in the years 2012 and 2013 in Serop?dica, RJ. Three common bean cultivars were evaluated. Plant biomass was sampled at different growth stages, where the N natural abundance was analyzed. In 2012 experiment, the nodules showed positive ?15N, with deltas of 6.63? and 8.18? in Grafite and Radiante cultivars, respectively. The B value in shoot was ?0.919?, ?0.734? and ?0.724? for cultivars Grafite, Ouro Negro and Radiante, respectively. In 2013 experiment, the nodules showed great enrichment in 15N, with 9.11? and 8.36? deltas in Radiante and Grafite cultivars. The B value in shoot was -1.06? and -1.40? for cultivars Radiante and Grafite, respectively. The average B value in shoots of common bean cultivars was ?1.23?, and the B value of ?1.2 was used in the calculation of the BNF contribution in the field experiments of this study. Eight common bean cultivars were grown in field conditions in 2011 and 2012, with two N sources (inoculation with commercial inoculant with rizhobia or fertilization with 90 kg ha-1 of mineral N), with four replications, at Embrapa Rice and Bean in Santo Antonio de Goias, GO. Biomass of the shoot, root, nodules and grains were sampled, and total N and 15N natural abundance were analyzed in shoots and grains. In the experiment in 2011, the Ouro Negro cultivar produced higher nodule mass under inoculation, also at reproductive stages, and the Jalo Precoce and Radiante cultivars showed the lowest nodule mass. The grain yield of the eight cultivars was 1614 and 2942 kg ha-1 under inoculation or mineral N, respectively. Under inoculation, the Ouro Negro cultivar showed the highest N accumulation in shoots and grains and the highest grain yield, reaching 2200 kg ha-1, equivalent to 73% of yield under mineral N. In 2011, the N accumulation derived from BNF in grains of the eight cultivars ranged from 5.8 to 16.4 kg ha-1, which corresponded to a BNF contribution of 17% and 33% in Marfim and Ouro Negro cultivars, respectively. In 2012, the higher nodule mass occurred in Vereda and Estilo cultivars, in the first and second samples, respectively, whereas Radiante cultivar had the lowest nodule mass. The average grain yield of the eight cultivars was 3284 and 3919 kg ha-1 under inoculation and mineral N, respectively. The N accumulation derived from BNF in grains was 68.4, 38.7, and 21.6 kg ha-1 in Ouro Negro, Grafite and Radiante cultivars, respectively, corresponding to a BNF contribution of 49, 29 and 32%. The method of 15N natural abundance provided the identification of BNF potential for the supply of N in different common bean genotypes, arising as a tool for providing subsidies to guide breeding programs in order to increase BNF efficiency. / A t?cnica da abund?ncia natural de 15N para mensurar a fixa??o biol?gica de nitrog?nio (FBN) em leguminosas baseia-se no ligeiro enriquecimento de 15N observado nos solos em rela??o ? atmosfera e n?o exige a aplica??o de fertilizantes marcados. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: quantificar, atrav?s da t?cnica da abund?ncia natural de 15N, a contribui??o da FBN em cultivares de feijoeirocomum (Phaseolus vulgaris) em condi??es de campo; avaliar o desempenho agron?mico dessas cultivares sob inocula??o; estimar o valor do fracionamento isot?pico durante a FBN (valor B) de cultivares de feijoeiro crescidas em solu??o nutritiva. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos em casa de vegeta??o, em solu??o nutritiva isenta de N, nos anos de 2012 e 2013, em Serop?dica, RJ. Foram avaliadas tr?s cultivares de feijoeiro, efetuando-se coletas de biomassa em diferentes est?dios e analisando-se a abund?ncia natural de 15N do material vegetal. No experimento em 2012, os n?dulos apresentaram ?15N positivo, com deltas de 6,63? e 8,18? nas cultivares Grafite e Radiante, respectivamente. O valor B da parte a?rea foi de ?0,92?, ?0,73? e ?0,72?, nas cultivares Grafite, Ouro Negro e Radiante, respectivamente. No experimento em 2013, os n?dulos apresentaram deltas de 9,11? e 8,36? nas cultivares Radiante e Grafite. O valor B da parte a?rea foi de ?1,06? e ?1,40? nas cultivares Radiantee Grafite, respectivamente. O valor B m?dio da parte a?rea das cultivares foi de ?1,23?, sendo o valor B de ?1,2 utilizado nos c?lculos da contribui??o da FBN nos experimentos de campo desse estudo. Oito cultivares de feijoeiro foram crescidas em condi??es de campo em 2011 e 2012, sob duas fontes de N (inocula??o com inoculante comercial com riz?bio ou aduba??o com 90 kg ha-1 de N mineral), com quatro repeti??es, na Embrapa Arroz e Feij?o, em Santo Antonio de Goi?s, GO. Foram efetuadas amostragens de biomassa de parte a?rea, raiz, n?dulos e gr?os e an?lises de N total e abund?ncia natural de 15N na parte a?rea e gr?os. No experimento em 2011, a cultivar Ouro Negro produziu maior massa de n?dulos sob inocula??o, inclusive nos est?dios reprodutivos, e as cultivares Jalo Precoce e Radiante apresentaram a menor massa de n?dulos. O rendimento m?dio de gr?os das oito cultivares foi de 1614 e 2942 kg ha-1 sob inocula??o ou N mineral, respectivamente. Sob inocula??o, a cultivar Ouro Negro apresentou os maiores ac?mulos de N na parte a?rea e nos gr?os e a maior produtividade, atingindo 2200 kg ha-1 de gr?os, equivalente a 73% da produ??o sob N mineral. Em 2011, o ac?mulo de N derivado da FBN nos gr?os das oito cultivares variou de 5,8 a 16,4 kg ha-1, que correspondeu a 17% e 33% de contribui??o da FBN nas cultivares Marfim e Ouro Negro, respectivamente. Em 2012, a maior massa de n?dulos ocorreu nas cultivares Vereda e Estilo, na primeira e segunda coletas, respectivamente, e a cultivar Radiante apresentou a menor massa de n?dulos. O rendimento m?dio de gr?os das oito cultivares foi de 3284 e 3919 kg ha-1 sobinocula??o e N mineral, respectivamente. O ac?mulo de N derivado da FBN nos gr?os foi de 68,4 kg ha-1 na cultivar Ouro Negro, 38,7 kg ha-1 na cultivar Grafite e 21,6 kg ha-1 na cultivar Radiante, que correspondeu a 49, 29 e 32% de contribui??o da FBN, respectivamente. A t?cnica da abund?ncia natural de 15N possibilita a identifica??o do potencial de FBN para o fornecimento de N em diferentes gen?tipos de feijoeiro, e mostra-se como uma ferramenta capaz de fornecer subs?dios para orientar os programas de melhoramento da esp?cie, visando aumentar a efici?ncia da FBN.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-05-11T18:57:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Amanda Antunes da Silva Canelas.pdf: 1228787 bytes, checksum: 9ab4b73f98268b4cca9eb7e1b20ae3d5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-11T18:57:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Amanda Antunes da Silva Canelas.pdf: 1228787 bytes, checksum: 9ab4b73f98268b4cca9eb7e1b20ae3d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-20 / CAPES / The people who consume foods rich in energy and poor in nutrients that contribute positively to health, combined with a sedentary lifestyle can develop obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, hypertension, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, stroke and heart attack. On the other hand, some consumers seek a more balanced diet, either because they are health-conscious or because they want to keep a good physical shape. The diet and light products were developed to meet the demand of individuals affected by NCDs and obesity, as well as those who look for fitness. Diet product refers to food for special purposes, and they are for both individuals who need diet with restriction of nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and sodium; as for those who want to control the intake aiming at controlling the weight. The light product refers to the 25% minimum reduction of some ingredient compared to the traditional counterpart. The production of this type of food increases every year in sale volume. The information on the labels of such products still generates doubts to consumers. This project investigated the perception of consumers regarding diet/light products, using a qualitative approach (Focus group sessions) as well as quantitative, from the Focus Group findings. The qualitative study investigated the level of understanding regarding such as products, the consumers perception of the risks and benefits associated with the consumption of diet and light, as well as the negative and the positive points perceived by them. Non- consumers of diet and light were also interviewed and the reasons for the non-consumption were discussed. The quantitative approach focused on calorie-reduced jams (strawberry and guava in the version diet, light, zero sugar) and the control product (traditional) as case study. For that, a questionnaire was developed and applied, in which 102 individuals of different ages, genders and social classes took part. In addition, participants evaluated the acceptance of all versions of the fruit jellies (strawberry and guava) coded with three digit numbers (blind condition), only observing the packages and observing the packaging together with tasting the product. Results suggest that the level of consumer knowledge on diet and light products is deficient. Taking into account the label influence on product evaluation, the results indicated that the information on the version of the jam (diet, light, zero or traditional) affected the consumer product acceptance and sensory characterization. The traditional and diet strawberry jam versions were more liked by consumers when evaluated in blind; however, with information (looking at the jar of the jams) no difference was found among versions. Considering the guava jams, the traditional, light and zero versions reached higher acceptance means under informed condition when compared to blind. Differences on the frequency of mention of the sensory attributes were observed among the three evaluation conditions for the two jam flavors. / As pessoas que consomem alimentos ricos em nutrientes energ?ticos e pobres naqueles que contribuem de forma positiva para a sa?de, aliado ao sedentarismo podem desenvolver obesidade e doen?as cr?nicas n?o transmiss?veis (DCNT), como diabetes, hipertens?o arterial, c?ncer, doen?as respirat?rias cr?nicas, acidente vascular cerebral e infarto. Por outro lado, certos consumidores buscam uma dieta mais equilibrada, pois est?o preocupados com a sa?de e/ou em manter a boa forma. Para atender ? demanda de indiv?duos acometidos por DCNT e obesidade, assim como aqueles que est?o em busca da boa forma foram desenvolvidos os produtos diet e light. O primeiro refere-se aos alimentos para fins especiais, sendo destinados tanto aos indiv?duos que precisam de dietas com restri??o de nutrientes, como os carboidratos, gorduras, prote?nas, s?dio; quanto ?queles que precisam controlar a ingest?o alimentar visando controle de peso. J? o produto light refere-se ? redu??o m?nima de 25% de algum ingrediente em compara??o ao produto tradicional. A produ??o destes tipos de alimentos cresce a cada ano em volume de vendas. As informa??es contidas nos r?tulos de tais produtos ainda geram d?vidas nos consumidores. Este projeto avaliou a percep??o do consumidor a respeito dos produtos diet e light, utilizando uma abordagem qualitativa (sess?es de Grupo focal) e tamb?m quantitativa, planejada a partir dos achados das sess?es de Grupo Focal. No estudo qualitativo foi investigado o grau de entendimento em rela??o a tais produtos, a percep??o dos riscos e benef?cios associados ao consumo de diet e light, bem como os pontos negativos e positivos percebidos pelos participantes, para algumas categorias destes produtos. N?o consumidores de diet e light tamb?m participaram do estudo tendo sido discutido os motivos do n?o consumo. A abordagem quantitativa enfocou geleias reduzidas em calorias (diet, light, zero a??car nos sabores morango e goiaba) e do produto controle (tradicional) como estudo de caso. Para tal, foi desenvolvido e aplicado um question?rio, no qual participaram 102 indiv?duos de distintas idades, g?neros e classes sociais. Al?m disso, os participantes avaliaram a aceita??o das geleias de frutas (morango e goiaba) nas vers?es tradicional, diet, light e zero, ?s cegas, apenas observando as embalagens dispon?veis no mercado e observando a embalagem e degustando o produto. Os resultados sugerem que o n?vel de conhecimento do consumidor sobre alimentos diet e light ? baixo. Em rela??o ? influ?ncia do r?tulo na avalia??o dos produtos, os resultados indicaram que a informa??o sobre a vers?o da geleia (diet, light, zero ou tradicional) afetou a percep??o dos produtos tanto na aceita??o como na descri??o sensorial dos mesmos. As geleias de morango nas vers?es tradicional e diet foram as mais aceitas pelos consumidores quando avaliadas ?s cegas; por?m, com informa??o (olhando os potes) n?o houve diferen?a entre as quatro vers?es. Em rela??o ?s geleias de goiaba, as vers?es tradicional, light e zero alcan?aram maiores m?dias na condi??o com informa??o quando comparada ?s cegas. Diferen?as na frequ?ncia de men??o dos atributos sensoriais foram observadas entre as tr?s condi??es de avalia??o para os dois sabores de geleia.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-08-21T19:46:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Carla Andreia da Cunha Martins.pdf: 6594844 bytes, checksum: 336fdb999764e447e38cb6a0c803c837 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T19:46:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Carla Andreia da Cunha Martins.pdf: 6594844 bytes, checksum: 336fdb999764e447e38cb6a0c803c837 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-28 / CNPq / Population in general is getting more interested in consuming healthy food. Alternative eco-agricultural cropping practices are being emphasized, thanks to the benefits to sustainable agricultural and environment systems. Management of organic and mineral fertilizers, in search of nutrient efficiency, is directly related to environmental, social and economical issues. As plants become more efficient to absorb nutrients, the farmer can count on better products quality and, consequently, to better economic results. The experiments described in the chapters one and two of this study were conducted, respectively, in Fazenda C?rrego Frio and in Fazenda Santo Ant?nio de Estrela, both in Nova Friburgo municipality, Rio de Janeiro State. The first one was accomplished in partnership with Pesagro-Nova Friburgo, and it aimed to evaluate the production of the arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancroft) plant associated with covering plants. The experimental design was of random blocks with four repetitions, and four management treatments: conventional (control), spontaneous vegetation, black oats (Avena strigosa Schreb), and consortium black oats + Villosa villosa. The arracacha variety tested in both studies was the ?Amarela de Caranda?? (AC). The results showed that in the treatments with oats and oat + Villosa villosa, the accumulation of dry mass in the plant and their parts was smallest. The production of commercial roots was higher at 12 months after the planting (MAP) for the conventional and spontaneous vegetation treatments. The second experiment aimed to evaluate the yield of the arracacha crop submitted to increasing doses of phosphorus, with two sources of the fertilizer. The experimental design was of randomly blocks with 4 repetitions and 12 treatments, that consisted of 2 phosphorous sources (simple super phosphate and rock phosphate), and 6 phosphorous doses (0 - without phosphorus - control), 40, 80, 120, 240 and 480 kg P2O5 ha-1). The largest production of total and commercial roots was verified in the treatments with rock phosphate as source of P. The highest total levels of sulfur in the plants were found in the treatments with simple super phosphate. Concerning the accumulation of total nutrients, it was observed a similarity between the two sources of phosphorous. A third experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, located in Serop?dica municipality - RJ. The experimental design was of randomly blocks with four repetitions and six treatments. The treatments consisted of increasing doses of gypsum (CaSO4H2O) as following: 12.5; 25; 50; 100; 200 kg ha-1 of S and a control without gypsum. The soil material was sampled from an Udult soil and the cultivated variety was ?Amarela de Senador Amaral? (ASA). The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of the sulphur addition in the crop yield. There were determinate: plant dry matter weight; and the levels of N, P, K and S in the plant tissue. The highest doses of S increased the dry matter accumulated in leaves + petioles. Concerning the sulfur accumulation, it was dose dependent for the three parts of the arracacha plant. Despite the conditions in which this research was conducted (greenhouse), it was possible to conclude preliminarily that the ASA is responsive to sulphur fertilization. / O interesse pelo consumo de alimentos saud?veis vem despertando maior aten??o da popula??o. Pr?ticas altenativas de cultivo visando ? agricultura agroecol?gica v?m se destacando em fun??o da sustentabilidade dos sistemas agr?colas e ambientais. O manejo dos fertilizantes org?nicos e minerais buscando a efici?ncia de uso de nutrientes est? diretamente relacionado a quest?es de import?ncia social, econ?mica e ambiental. O melhor aproveitamento dos nutrientes pelas plantas, consequentemente, levar? a uma melhor qualidade da produ??o agr?cola e uma maior rentabilidade para o produtor rural. Os experimentos referentes aos cap?tulos um e dois foram instalados na Fazenda C?rrego Frio e na Fazenda Santo Ant?nio de Estrela, em Nova Friburgo ? RJ. O primeiro trabalho em parceria com a Pesagro-Nova Friburgo, objetivou o estudo da produ??o da mandioquinha-salsa (Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancroft) consorciada com plantas de cobertura. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso com quatro repeti??es e quatro tratamentos de manejo: convencional (testemunha), vegeta??o espont?nea, aveia-preta (Avena strigosa Schreb) e cons?rcio aveia-preta+ervilhaca (Vicia villosa). A variedade usada foi Amarela de Caranda? (AC). Os resultados mostraram que os ac?mulos de massa seca na planta e nas suas partes foram menores nos tratamentos com aveia e aveia + ervilhaca. A produ??o de ra?zes comerciais foi maior aos 12 meses ap?s plantio (MAP) para o tratamento convencional e vegeta??o espont?nea. O ac?mulo de nutrientes de modo geral foi maior nos tratamentos convencional e vegeta??o espont?nea aos 12 MAP. O segundo experimento objetivou avaliar a resposta da mandioquinha-salsa a doses crescentes de f?sforo, com duas fontes do fertilizante fosfatado. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso com 4 repeti??es e 12 tratamentos, os tratamentos constaram de 2 fontes de f?sforo (superfosfato simples, SS; e fosfato de rocha, FR) e 6 doses de f?sforo (40, 80, 120, 240 e 480 kg P2O5 ha-1) e uma testemunha. A variedade usada foi AC. A maior produ??o de ra?zes totais e ra?zes comerciais foi verificada nos tratamentos com a fonte de P, FR. Os maiores teores totais de enxofre nas plantas foram encontrados nos tratamentos com SS. No ac?mulo de nutrientes totais observou-se semelhan?a nas respostas das duas fontes de f?sforo estudadas. Um terceiro estudo foi realizado em casa-de-vegeta??o no Departamento de Solos-IA da UFRRJ, em Serop?dica ? RJ. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso com quatro repeti??es e seis tratamentos. Os tratamentos constaram de doses de gesso (CaSO4.H2O) a seguir: 12,5; 25; 50; 100; 200 kg ha-1 de S e, uma testemunha. O material de solo usado foi de um Argissolo Amarelo e a variedade cultivada foi a Amarela de Senador Amaral (ASA). O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a resposta da mandioquinha-salsa ? aduba??o sulfatada. As determina??es foram: peso de mat?ria seca da planta e teores de N, P, K e S no tecido vegetal. O ac?mulo de mat?ria seca de folhas + pec?olos aumentou em fun??o das doses crescentes de enxofre. Quanto ao ac?mulo de enxofre houve resposta em fun??o das doses nas tr?s partes da planta de mandioquinha-salsa. Em uma conclus?o pr?via, por ser o trabalho conduzido em casa-de-vegeta??o, a ASA responde ? aduba??o sulfatada.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-08-24T12:57:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Roberta Prates Belem.pdf: 2832998 bytes, checksum: 8f3e43b92b370beb4b55a175c8605f21 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T12:57:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Roberta Prates Belem.pdf: 2832998 bytes, checksum: 8f3e43b92b370beb4b55a175c8605f21 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-05 / It is known that environmental issues are increasingly being focus of attention and discussion in society and, in this context, it can be said that the pedological study from the concept, evolution, formation and use of soil is essential in the context for the referring discussions to the society and nature, that are pertinent subjects to the Geographic Science, mainly in the Basic Education that acts in the formation, abilities and competences. For this reason, the study of Pedology becomes in such a way primordial in the scope of formal education (as for example the content of the PCN?s), as well as in the informal education, approaching the importance of its knowledge for the conservation, being this essential to the premises of a sustainable use. It is worth standing out that, although there is an effort of the Geography teachers in the treatment of teaching the soils related do nature in the Medium Education and mainly in contents of the didactic books, we come across problems of understanding and transposition of concepts, of partial and inconsistent explanations and that is several times unstable for the understanding of the processes and their formation. It can be said that in this context one of the most used instruments in the teaching-learning process is the didactic book, which has as its main use to present the study of contents, to motivate activities that allow the construction of knowledge from the reflection and solution of activities, from the observation of phenomena, from events and facts in different scales of the analysis, thus bringing about the development of the creativity and the criticism. Thus aiming at improving the quality of the didactic books in 2006, the Ministry of Education ? MEC ? established criteria for the adoption of this material of Geography through the National Program of the Didactic Book for the Medium Education ? PNLEM for 2007. The fifteen (15) didactic Geography books of the Medium Education recommended by MEC were analyzed exclusively in its aspect of Pedology, but specifically in the subject soil. In the works in question, the approaches of each author on the contents related to Pedology were analyzed and pointed out, as many solutions were provided, in the attempt to supply the necessity of understanding the contents of use and importance of its study. It is suggested thus a better organization and deepening of the subject in didactic books in order to stimulate the interest of the pupil, making him understand the relation and the importance of the subject to the daily questions of the world. / Sabe-se que as quest?es ambientais v?m cada vez mais sendo foco de aten??o e discuss?o na sociedade, e neste contexto pode-se dizer que o estudo pedol?gico a partir do conceito, evolu??o, forma??o e uso de solo ? essencial no contexto para as discuss?es referentes ? sociedade e natureza, que s?o temas pertinentes ? Ci?ncia Geogr?fica, principalmente no Ensino B?sico que atua na forma??o, habilidades e compet?ncias. Por esse motivo, o estudo da pedologia torna-se primordial tanto no ?mbito do ensino formal (como por exemplo, conte?do dos PCN?s), assim como na educa??o informal abordando a import?ncia de seu conhecimento para a conserva??o, sendo este, essencial ?s premissas de um uso sustent?vel. Cabe ressaltar que embora haja um esfor?o no tratamento do ensino de solos relacionado ? natureza em n?vel do Ensino M?dio pelos professores de geografia, e principalmente nos conte?dos dos livros did?ticos, depara-se com problemas de entendimento e transposi??o de conceitos, de explica??es parciais e inconsistentes, e que por diversas vezes ? inconsistente para a compreens?o dos processos e de sua forma??o. Pode-se dizer que neste contexto um dos instrumentos mais utilizados no processo de ensino-aprendizagem ? o livro did?tico, o qual tem como a utiliza??o para apresentar o estudo de conte?dos, motivar atividades que permita a constru??o do conhecimento, a partir da reflex?o e solu??o de atividades, da observa??o de fen?menos, de acontecimentos e fatos em diferentes escalas da an?lise, acarretando assim no desenvolvimento da criatividade e da cr?tica. Desta forma, visando melhorar a qualidade dos livros did?ticos em 2006 o Minist?rio da Educa??o ? MEC, estabeleceu crit?rios para ado??o desse material de Geografia atrav?s do Programa Nacional do Livro Did?tico para o Ensino M?dio ? PNLEM para 2007. Os quinze (15) livros did?ticos de Ensino M?dio de Geografia recomendados pelo MEC, foram analisados exclusivamente em sua abordagem de Pedologia, mas especificamente no tema Solos. Nas obras, em quest?o, foram analisadas e apontadas as abordagens de cada autor sobre os conte?dos relacionados a pedologia, tanto solu??es fornecidas na tentativa de suprir a necessidade de entendimento quanto a conte?dos de uso e import?ncia se seu estudo. Sugere-se assim, uma melhor organiza??o e aprofundamento do assunto nos livros did?ticos, a fim de despertar o interesse do aluno, fazendo-o entender a rela??o e a import?ncia do tema com as quest?es cotidianas do mundo.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-11-13T19:10:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RafaelPeronCastro_DISSERT.pdf: 3730319 bytes, checksum: 5fffa2435064279c16d842150c6d2da9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-11-21T00:27:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RafaelPeronCastro_DISSERT.pdf: 3730319 bytes, checksum: 5fffa2435064279c16d842150c6d2da9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-21T00:27:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RafaelPeronCastro_DISSERT.pdf: 3730319 bytes, checksum: 5fffa2435064279c16d842150c6d2da9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-25 / O presente trabalho procurou desenvolver um modelo de neg?cios Canvas utilizando os fundamentos de inova??o tecnol?gica e empreendedorismo ministrados nas disciplinas no ?mbito do Mestrado Profissional em Ci?ncia, Tecnologia e Inova??o ? MPI/UFRN. Tais conceitos foram aplicados em sistemas de produ??o agr?cola com a cultura da Moringa oleifera, realizados em diferentes regi?es do Rio Grande do Norte. Houve o reflorestamento de ?reas degradadas, que passaram a ser destinadas ? produ??o de alimentos oriundos das folhas cultivadas, bem como ?leo vegetal e bioprodutos obtidos a partir do processamento de suas sementes. Com o intuito de diversificar as fontes de renda, foram desenvolvidos e elaborados produtos de potencial inovador com derivados desta planta. Os modelos propostos foram adequados a diferentes regi?es edafoclim?ticas e procuraram atender aos tr?s pilares da sustentabilidade: viabilidade econ?mica, responsabilidade social e conformidade ambiental. A pr?tica da agricultura org?nica ? uma atividade que concerne a estes par?metros e depende da aplica??o de compostos org?nicos, geralmente residuais, de origem animal e vegetal. Esta pr?tica, quando certificada por institui??es autorizadas, valoriza o produto em rela??o ?queles provenientes da agricultura convencional. Para alcan?ar os objetivos pretendidos, foram desenvolvidas duas a??es de extens?o junto a pesquisadores da UFRN, trabalhos de assist?ncia t?cnica e implanta??o de cultivos adensados e agroflorestais durante est?gio gestor realizado na empresa agr?cola ?Hortaviva Produtos Org?nicos?, localizada na Zona Rural de N?sia Floresta/RN e certificada pelo Instituto Biodin?mico ? IBD. Durante o est?gio gestor, a propriedade expandiu sua ?rea cultivada para que fosse introduzida a cultura da moringa em cons?rcio com hortali?as e leguminosas, em diferentes modalidades de plantio. No que se refere aos produtos desenvolvidos, as folhas e flores desidratadas foram comercializadas nas formas de farinha, ch? e c?psulas. As sementes oleaginosas foram processadas e deram origem a um ?leo vegetal utilizado na fabrica??o de biodiesel em escala laboratorial. O coproduto das sementes, denominado ?torta de moringa?, foi desenvolvido em purificador de ?guas (biocida) natural. Deste coproduto foi desenvolvido um bioproduto inovador denominado Biolarv ? Larvicida Natural, cuja marca foi registrada no Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial - INPI pelo N?cleo de Inova??o Tecnol?gica ? NIT/UFRN. O ?Biolarv? ? um produto de baixo custo que foi desenvolvido para atuar no exterm?nio de larvas do mosquito Aedes aegypti. / The current work sought to develop a Canvas Business Model using the concepts of technological innovation and entrepreneurship learned in the MPI. Such concepts were applied to agricultural production systems in different regions of Rio Grande do Norte state, using the Moringa oleifera cropping promoting the reforestation of degraded areas, with turned to be useful for production of food derived from moringa leaves, in addition to vegetable oil and byproducts for the treatment of water, which were obtained from the their processed seeds. For diversifying the income resources, products of innovative potential were elaborated with the moringa derivatives. The proposed models were replicated those regions, taking into account the three pillars of sustainability: Economic viability, Social Responsibility and Environmental Compliance. Organic agriculture is an activity that concerns these parameters and, to do so, it depends on the production of agricultural fertilizers that comes from both animal and vegetable wastes. This practice, when certified by authorized institutions, enhances the value of the product in relation to those coming from conventional agriculture. For accomplishing the desired objectives, there were performed a couple of extension actions, carried out with researchers and farmers, including a managing internship that was turned into a entrepreneurship project in the rural property of the organic farm ?Hortaviva?, located in the Rural Area of N?sia Floresta-RN and properly certified by the Biodynamic Institute ? IBD audits. During the internship, the farm expanded its cultivated area so that the culture of the moringa could be introduced, intercropping with several short cycle plants, using different agro ecology methods. Dehydrated leaves were marketed in the form of leaf powder, tea and capsules. The oily seed, once processed, gave rise to a vegetable oil used in the production of biodiesel and a byproduct so called "moringa oilcake", from which a water purifying agent (biocide), branded as Biolarv ? Natural Larvicide. A brand mark was registered at the Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial -INPI by the N?cleo de Inova??o Tecnol?gica (NIT / UFRN). This natural biocide was developed to exterminate larvae of the mosquito Aedes aegypti, transmitter diseases such as Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya virus.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-01-15T21:58:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JosielleSoaresDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1920540 bytes, checksum: ef0c4f564479ff1bb5e56b1eaf67d22c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-01-18T12:06:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JosielleSoaresDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1920540 bytes, checksum: ef0c4f564479ff1bb5e56b1eaf67d22c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-18T12:06:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JosielleSoaresDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1920540 bytes, checksum: ef0c4f564479ff1bb5e56b1eaf67d22c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / A presente pesquisa objetiva analisar a implementa??o do Programa Ci?ncia sem Fronteiras na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, procurando evidenciar, na vis?o de gestores e coordenadores de cursos, as contribui??es do processo de mobilidade acad?mica proporcionadas pelo Programa Ci?ncia sem Fronteiras em cursos de gradua??o da mesma institui??o. Para sua realiza??o, os procedimentos t?cnicos utilizados foram a revis?o bibliogr?fica, a an?lise de documentos, a tabula??o de dados quantitativos e as entrevistas semiestruturadas. A revis?o bibliogr?fica permitiu aprofundar os conhecimentos acerca dos fen?menos e processos que permeiam o objeto em estudo, com destaque para a globaliza??o e a internacionaliza??o; a an?lise de documentos proporcionou maiores conhecimentos sobre as diretrizes internacionais para a internacionaliza??o e a Pol?tica de Ci?ncia, Tecnologia e Inova??o implementada no pa?s com diretrizes indutoras para a internacionaliza??o da educa??o em n?vel superior, como forma de fomentar o desenvolvimento cient?fico e tecnol?gico para o pa?s. As entrevistas semiestruturadas possibilitaram a verifica??o com base nos relatos dos gestores e dos coordenadores as contribui??es da internacionaliza??o via mobilidade acad?mica pelo Programa Ci?ncia sem Fronteiras para os cursos de gradua??o. O estudo evidenciou que os coordenadores entendem como importante a internacionaliza??o no ?mbito das institui??es de ensino superior, principalmente no que diz respeito ao desenvolvimento do ensino, ? troca de conhecimentos e o contato com uma cultura diferente. No tocante ? contribui??o do Programa Ci?ncia sem Fronteiras para os cursos, os coordenadores n?o possuem a mesma vis?o. A an?lise revela que a contribui??o do Programa CsF para a efetiva internacionaliza??o acad?mica e inser??o da dimens?o internacional no ensino superior, na vis?o da maioria dos coordenadores, ? pouco prof?cua diante da forma como o Programa est? implementado, pois segundo o ponto de vista dos gestores e coordenadores n?o h? uma efetiva??o de la?os acad?micos entre as institui??es. / It is clear that the process of socio-economic, cultural and technological change pose new training needs for higher education institutions. Discuss about higher education in the actual capitalist society inevitably leads to debate about the changes brought about by globalization and the new demands for higher education institutions that are part of the complex and contradictory fabric of society. In this logic, the internationalization of higher education is a set of proactive efforts of higher education institutions to respond to competitive and economic demands of the globalized world. This brings the higher education institutions to seek internationalization, since through it we can raise the advancement of quality education programs, research and extension and promote institutional inclusion in the global context of higher education. Taking these aspects into consideration, this study aims to analyze the implementation of the program Science without Borders at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, looking for evidence, in the view of managers and coordinators of course, the contributions of academic mobility process provided by Science without Borders program in undergraduate courses at the same institution. For its realization were used as technical procedures to literature review, document analysis, tabulation of quantitative data and semi-structured interviews. The literature review allowed to deepen the knowledge about the phenomena and processes that permeate the object under study, with an emphasis on globalization and internationalization; document analysis provided greater knowledge of international guidelines for internationalization and Policy Science, Technology and Innovation implemented in the country with inducing guidelines for the internationalization of education at the college level, in order to foster scientific and technological development for the country . The semi-structured interviews made it possible to check on the basis of reports of managers and engineers the contributions of international academic mobility via the Science Without Borders program for undergraduate courses. The study showed that the coordinators understand how important internationalization within higher education institutions, especially with regard to the development of education, the exchange of knowledge and contact with a different culture. Regarding the contribution of the Science Without Borders Program for the courses, the coordinators do not have the same vision. The analysis reveals that the CsF Programme contribution to the effective academic internationalization and integration of the international dimension in higher education, in the view of most engineers, it is very fruitful given the way the program is implemented, because from the point of view of managers coordinators and there is no effective academic links between institutions.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-09T13:53:11Z No. of bitstreams: 2 junio_jaber.pdf: 733131 bytes, checksum: 22b04662d76cb1bf4ee127d6b9136362 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-09T13:53:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 junio_jaber.pdf: 733131 bytes, checksum: 22b04662d76cb1bf4ee127d6b9136362 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-09T13:54:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 junio_jaber.pdf: 733131 bytes, checksum: 22b04662d76cb1bf4ee127d6b9136362 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-09T13:54:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 junio_jaber.pdf: 733131 bytes, checksum: 22b04662d76cb1bf4ee127d6b9136362 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Funda??o Diamantinense de Apoio ao Ensino, Pesquisa e Extens?o (Fundaep) / O presente trabalho apresenta uma reflex?o interdisciplinar ? luz da filosofia, da hist?ria, da antropologia e das ci?ncias da sa?de. Assim, estabeleceu-se entre ci?ncia, sa?de, cultura e conhecimentos tradicionais das popula??es tradicionais um di?logo que nos permitiu ressaltar a import?ncia da pesquisa qualitativa como m?todo de investiga??o prof?cuo para que se permita perceber, aflorar e fortalecer a circula??o de saberes entre os diversos conhecimentos, principalmente entre a ci?ncia e o conhecimento tradicional, destacando-se quando poss?vel e necess?rio a rela??o com a sa?de dos povos tradicionais e suas percep??es de vida e natureza. Ap?s as reflex?es te?rico-metodol?gicas sobre a ci?ncia moderna, a interdisciplinaridade e a pesquisa qualitativa, faz-se um olhar para a ci?ncia e a sa?de como elementos culturais e nesta analise foi proposto um novo conceito ? a circularidade cognocente, como forma epistemol?gica de entender a permeabilidade de hip?teses, m?todos e t?cnicas entre os diversos conhecimentos. / Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Sa?de, Sociedade e Ambiente, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT This study is about an interdisciplinary view drawn from philosophy, history, anthropology and health science. A common link among science, health, culture and people?s traditional knowledge acquisition was established to show the relevance of the qualitative methodology for this study and to strengthen and make people aware of the relevance of the traditional knowledge from different fields, mainly from science and the traditional knowledge, standing out whenever it is possible to, its relationship with people?s health and their conception of life and nature. After a theoretical and methodological analysis about what modern science may be, and taking into account the interdisciplinary view and the qualitative methodology, it was possible to conclude that science and health are cultural elements with a new meaning - a common learning process in a form of an epistemology that makes us understand how some hypotheses, methodologies and techniques in different fields of knowledge work.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-23T16:14:44Z No. of bitstreams: 5 patricia.pdf: 1377961 bytes, checksum: 55ce7c1439d8b1123461e7f1f40d7a17 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-10T10:38:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 patricia.pdf: 1377961 bytes, checksum: 55ce7c1439d8b1123461e7f1f40d7a17 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-10T10:38:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 patricia.pdf: 1377961 bytes, checksum: 55ce7c1439d8b1123461e7f1f40d7a17 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Os estudos sobre o desenvolvimento de defeitos de esmalte e a associa??o com as condi??es natais e p?s-natais ainda s?o escassos. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a preval?ncia de defeitos de esmalte em dentes dec?duos e verificar se prematuridade, peso ao nascimento e vari?veis sociodemogr?ficas podem estar associados a tais defeitos. Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 381 crian?as com idade entre 3 e 5 anos. Os dados foram coletados atrav?s de exame cl?nico e entrevistas com os pais durante Campanha Nacional de Vacina??o. O diagn?stico dos defeitos de esmalte foi realizado utilizando-se o Developmental Defects of Enamel Index (DDE Index). Atrav?s de entrevista foram coletadas informa??es sobre aspectos sociodemogr?ficos, gesta??o, peso ao nascimento, prematuridade da crian?a e amamenta??o. A an?lise dos dados foi realizada utilizando-se o programa SPSS for Windows 17.0 e incluiu a distribui??o de frequ?ncia, testes qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher e regress?o de Poisson. A preval?ncia de defeito de esmalte foi de 29,9% e a opacidade demarcada foi o tipo de defeito mais frequente. Crian?as com peso muito baixo ao nascimento apresentam mais chance de desenvolver defeitos de esmalte [RP (IC95%) = 2,7 (1,66-4,61)]. A prematuridade e as vari?veis sociodemogr?ficas n?o foram fatores associados aos defeitos de esmalte. Crian?as com peso muito baixo ao nascimento apresentaram maior preval?ncia de defeitos de esmalte nos dentes dec?duos. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Odontologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT Studies regarding the development of enamel defects and association with natal and postnatal conditions are scarce. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of enamel defects in primary teeth and determine whether prematurity, birth weight and sociodemographic variables may be associated with such defects. This was a cross-sectional study with 381 children aged between 3 and 5 years. Data were collected through clinical examination and interviews with parents during the National Immunization Day. The diagnosis of enamel defects was performed using the Development Defects of Enamel Index (DDE Index). During interviews, information were collected on sociodemographic aspects, pregnancy, birth weight, child prematurity and breastfeeding. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software for Windows 17.0 and involved descriptive analysis, the Fisher?s test, qui-square test and Poisson regression. The prevalence of enamel defects was 29.9% and demarcated opacity was the most frequent type of defect. Children with low birth weight presented greater prevalence of enamel defects [PR (CI 95%) = 2,7 (1.66-4.61)]. Prematurity and the sociodemographic variables were not factors associated with enamel defects. In this study, children with very low birth weight had higher prevalence of enamel defects in deciduous teeth.