This essay’s primarily focus is on the common discourse about the persisting effects of the past in the present in Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale(1985)and Octavia E. Butler’s Kindred (1979).These novels are the testimonies of the protagonists Offred and Dana who shares their experience of traumatic violence and oppression. Dana, with her ability to time travel, will see her present time in clearer light as she experiences the life of a slave on an antebellum plantation. Offred, the Handmaiden owned by the totalitarian regime Gilead, portrays her contemporary life in parallel to remembering her former and thus describing Gilead’s increasing authority. Based on different theorists and concepts in the field of cultural memory studies, this essay examines the tension between memory and history, the distantness towards the past and the problematics with representations of traumatic events. As I argue that the voices of Dana and Offred calls attention to the importance of perspective and of sharing stories, they are also an act of hope, therapy and resistance; an act that also make possible a critique of the processes of the production of historical knowledge.

The essay analyses the discursive construction of national identity in the present naturalisation test of the Federal Republic of Germany. The essay includes an overview of immigration to Germany, and a survey of political measures to improve the integration of immigrants. The language and structure of representative multiple-choice questions (and answers) of the naturalisation test are analysed by using the method of critical discourse analysis (CDA). The theoretical background of this study is grounded in cultural studies. The methodological framework consists of a combination of critical discourse analysis and textual analysis. Criteria of the linguistic analysis are: the situational context of the text, thematic roles, deixis, lexical repetitions, modality, coherence (including implicit meanings and presuppositions), intertextuality and interdiscursivity, competence and performance. The analysis shows that national identity is conceptualized by the multiple-choice questions of the naturalisation test. National identity is above all constructed by the German language. One of the qualifications which the examinee has to fulfil is competence in German on the level B1 (of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages). Linguistic competence is necessary in order to answer the questions. National identity is linguistically created by using alterity. Binary oppositions are constructed by stipulations and presumptions about migrants living in Germany. These oppositions are created by giving three alternative answers, which represent prejudices about foreigners; we is represented by an idealized construction of Germans, and the other is represented by stereotypical assumptions about foreigners. National identity is created by the content of the questions, too. Many questions deal with German laws and standards, which implies that being a German means to be law-abiding. The present study shows that German identity is constructed by language and the construction of alterity.

This paper explains at the intersection of Memory theory, Feminist Theory, Existential Psychology, Faith and Contemporary Art, I have found a way to embrace and integrate memories and experiences into my art and be a more fully integrated, emotionally healthy person living fully in the present moment. I articulate my exploration of the broad concept of memory and addressing unresolved negative memories in order to realize healthy change in forming my identity. Through art and philosophical research I have found substantial corroboration, conceptually supporting my information supporting my Post Minimal art making process. I employ memory evoking materials through the use of repetitive acts and strict self-imposed rules throughout the art making process, communicating ne living in the present moment, embracing yet uninhibited by their past.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2003-11-26Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:47:07Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 garcia_ma_me_assis.pdf: 1546452 bytes, checksum: 87273f05f8b9ccb739dd529a10bd911a (MD5) / Este trabalho objetiva compor um quadro organizado de textos críticos sobre o escritor José Geraldo Vieira (1897-1977), com o propósito de oferecer ao pesquisador material adequado a uma análise mais rigorosa e abrangente da produção literária desse escritor. A maior parte dos textos críticos encontra-se publicada em jornais. Primeiramente, esses textos foram localizados e organizados. Depois disso, visando à avaliação da recepção crítica, foram resenhados e analisados. Ao término desta pesquisa constatou-se que a obra de José Geraldo Vieira tem sido vítima de muitos clichês e comentários que se repetem. Apesar disso, a crítica, no geral, apresenta argumentos positivos suficientes para realçar o valor de José Geraldo Vieira no panorama da literatura brasileira. / The aim of this work is compounding an organized table of critical texts about the writer José Geraldo Vieira (1897-1977), with the proposal to offer the researcher appropriate material for a more rigorous and comprising analysis of his literary production. The major part of the critical texts is found published at newspaper. At first, these texts were localized and organized. After that, viewing an evaluation of the reviewer's reception about the works by José Geraldo Vieira, they were summarized and analyzed. The analysis shows that, although sometimes the works of José Geraldo Vieira have been a victim of a random appreciations and repeated comments, they were, in general, well accepted by the reviewers. Thus, these reasons are strong enough to underline the value of his work at Brazilian Literature outline.

This thesis explores representations of the First World War in English theatre, Theatre in Education (TIE), and Living History between 2014 and 2015. By employing an interdisciplinary approach it evaluates these performance genres in relation to responses sought from Key Stage 3 History pupils. The beginning of the centenary created a cultural outpouring and provided opportunities for secondary schools to include field trips and creative learning about the war. Examination of this commemorative period is contextualised by examining pupils’ interaction with cultural works since 1914, showing that the centenary moment stemmed from a tradition of creatively remembering and teaching the conflict. This perspective highlights long-standing complexities in the relationship between creative practitioners, teachers and education authorities. It also confronts the divide that has grown between some creative practitioners and revisionist historians of the First World War. Revisionist historians’ reassessment of the conduct and necessity of the war has led some to harshly judge cultural works, such as performances, for misleading audiences. Yet little research has been conducted into twenty-first century productions about the war and their reception by school audiences. An investigation of these performances problematizes scholarly notions about how and who has the authority to communicate the First World War to the next generation. Whilst the providers, gatekeepers, and critics of learning through performance are of central consideration, this thesis also values the pupil’s voice. Ten Key Stage 3 cohorts are used as case studies, providing a snapshot of the creative activities and field trips employed by schools in 2014 and 2015. Interviews and questionnaires provide pupils’ feedback on what they thought and how they felt about studying history through performance. Observations of History lessons and performances also remove the debate from the hypothetical to the realities of history teaching. They reveal that pupils’ cultural backgrounds, schooling, and exposure to cultural works shaped their responses to performances about the First World War. Pupils also assigned the performances varying degrees of historical authority, some viewed them as merely entertainment, others as educational sources and several as a mixture of the two. Performances brought immediacy and life to the historical topic and provoked an empathetic response from many pupils. Yet some struggled with the symbolism of theatre and others feared the participation that came with TIE and Living History. Consequently, this thesis explores pupil’s critical, personal and emotional engagement with performances, raising questions about what criteria should be used to evaluate the success of such non-formal learning on the war.

Este trabalho é uma análise de três obras do escritor angolano Ondjaki, a saber: Bom dia camaradas, Os da minha rua e AvóDezanove e o segredo do soviético. Expoente da literatura angolana contemporânea, nestas três obras, Ondjaki apresenta o mesmo narrador – um menino de classe média que vive em Luanda. Embora sejam obras independentes, em todas o narrador explora as possibilidade do texto a partir do tempo mítico da infância. Nossa análise parte do conceito de “memória cultural”, desenvolvido pelo egiptólogo alemão e teórico da cultura Jan Assmann. Segundo ele, a memória cultural é a memória que conduz a história a partir de uma perspectiva narrativa, não oficial. Assim sendo, a memória cultural se insere nas esferas da tradição e do mito, passada de geração em geração através das mais diversas instâncias narrativas, tais quais as literaturas escrita e oral, a música, as lendas, a dança, as artes pictóricas e tudo aquilo que é parte da cultura de uma comunidade. A memória cultural difere da História na medida em que a primeira é dada pela história que narra, e a segunda pela história que investiga. Na edificação do conceito de memória cultural, Jan Assmann utiliza, como principais pressupostos, conceitos de Nietzsche e Freud, mais especificamente, o conceito nietzschiano de memória vinculante, a memória normativa que é forjada na dor, e o conceito freudiano de trauma. O objetivo deste trabalho é determinar de que modo as três obras de Ondjaki se coadunam com as teorias desenvolvidas por Assmann e como a memória cultural está presente nas narrativas do escritor angolano. / The current thesis presents an analysis of three novels by Angolan writer Ondjaki: Bom Dia Camaradas, Os da Minha Rua e Avó Dezanove e o Segredo do Soviético. Renowned contemporary Angolan writer, in these three books Ondjaki presents the same narrator, a middle class boy who lives in Luanda. Although the books are independent, in all of them the narrator explores the possibilities of the text from the mythical time of childhood. The analysis is built upon the concept of “cultural memory” developed by the German Egyptologist and culture theoretician Jan Assmann. According to him, cultural memory is that memory which conducts history from a narrative perspective instead of an official historical perspective. Therefore, cultural memory is integrant part of the traditional and mythical spheres of culture, being handed down from one generation to the next in the most diverse narrative media, such as written and oral literatures, music, dance, the visual arts and everything that is part of the culture of a community. Cultural memory is different from history in that the first is narrative, whereas the second is investigative. Jan Assmann builds the concept of cultural memory using as his principal presuppositions, Nietzsche’s concept of “linking memory,” that is, the normative memory that is forged in pain, and Freud’s concept of “trauma.” The purpose of this analysis is to determine how Ondjaki’s three novels are in line with Assmann’s theory and to explore the way cultural memory appears in the Angolan writer’s narratives.

The Ph.D. thesis deals with the Czech author František Gellner. It deliberately endeavours not to exclude any of the segments of his both literary and visual work out of consideration, but to present them all in their heterogeneity, yet in mutual connections. Works of Gellner's art are therefore interpreted in novel ways, especially in consideration of the contexts of the period from which they origin (and above others those contexts that have become obscure and forgotten in the nearly hundred years since the original publication of Gellner's work). The first chapter summarizes the previous critical reception of Gellner's work and at the same time deals with this author's image in the Czech cultural milieu. Analysing some of Gellner's manuscripts, the second chapter aims to describe the specific type of the author's creativity. The third chapter is devoted to the problem of ambiguously constructed national identity of František Gellner and to the impact it had on the ways he dealt with the themes of Jewishness and anti-Semitism. The fourth chapter describes the various relations between Gellner's works and the periodicals these were prepared for. The next chapter is dedicated solely to Lidové noviny, as this was the newspaper periodical with which Gellner co-operated most intensely; the detailed...

Este trabalho é uma análise de três obras do escritor angolano Ondjaki, a saber: Bom dia camaradas, Os da minha rua e AvóDezanove e o segredo do soviético. Expoente da literatura angolana contemporânea, nestas três obras, Ondjaki apresenta o mesmo narrador – um menino de classe média que vive em Luanda. Embora sejam obras independentes, em todas o narrador explora as possibilidade do texto a partir do tempo mítico da infância. Nossa análise parte do conceito de “memória cultural”, desenvolvido pelo egiptólogo alemão e teórico da cultura Jan Assmann. Segundo ele, a memória cultural é a memória que conduz a história a partir de uma perspectiva narrativa, não oficial. Assim sendo, a memória cultural se insere nas esferas da tradição e do mito, passada de geração em geração através das mais diversas instâncias narrativas, tais quais as literaturas escrita e oral, a música, as lendas, a dança, as artes pictóricas e tudo aquilo que é parte da cultura de uma comunidade. A memória cultural difere da História na medida em que a primeira é dada pela história que narra, e a segunda pela história que investiga. Na edificação do conceito de memória cultural, Jan Assmann utiliza, como principais pressupostos, conceitos de Nietzsche e Freud, mais especificamente, o conceito nietzschiano de memória vinculante, a memória normativa que é forjada na dor, e o conceito freudiano de trauma. O objetivo deste trabalho é determinar de que modo as três obras de Ondjaki se coadunam com as teorias desenvolvidas por Assmann e como a memória cultural está presente nas narrativas do escritor angolano. / The current thesis presents an analysis of three novels by Angolan writer Ondjaki: Bom Dia Camaradas, Os da Minha Rua e Avó Dezanove e o Segredo do Soviético. Renowned contemporary Angolan writer, in these three books Ondjaki presents the same narrator, a middle class boy who lives in Luanda. Although the books are independent, in all of them the narrator explores the possibilities of the text from the mythical time of childhood. The analysis is built upon the concept of “cultural memory” developed by the German Egyptologist and culture theoretician Jan Assmann. According to him, cultural memory is that memory which conducts history from a narrative perspective instead of an official historical perspective. Therefore, cultural memory is integrant part of the traditional and mythical spheres of culture, being handed down from one generation to the next in the most diverse narrative media, such as written and oral literatures, music, dance, the visual arts and everything that is part of the culture of a community. Cultural memory is different from history in that the first is narrative, whereas the second is investigative. Jan Assmann builds the concept of cultural memory using as his principal presuppositions, Nietzsche’s concept of “linking memory,” that is, the normative memory that is forged in pain, and Freud’s concept of “trauma.” The purpose of this analysis is to determine how Ondjaki’s three novels are in line with Assmann’s theory and to explore the way cultural memory appears in the Angolan writer’s narratives.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The dissertation under consideration aims to analyze the possibilities of preserving cultural memoir through the internet, studying the case of José Augusto “Sergipano”, a singer, who was nationally and internationally famous during the 1960s and 1970s. This artist recorded for Chantecler, one of the most important recording companies in Brazil at the time, 19 LPs and 10 compact singles, in addition to performing more than five hundred shows. After his death, in a car accident in 1981, his trajectory began to lose prominence, transforming the former idol into an “honourable strange”. The following specific objectives were established for this study: to discuss music as a cultural product; to relate the biography of singer José Augusto “Sergipano” with the evolution of the media, especially radio and television; to debate the role of Chantecler label in the dissemination of Brazilian popular music, especially the so-called romantic music; to conceptualize cultural memoir and to analyze the use of the internet as a platform for the preservation of cultural memoir. The research is articulated around the following questions: Can the internet be used as a platform for preserving cultural memoir? Can social networks, through their fanpages, contribute to the preservation of cultural memoir? How has the music industry been handling the distribution of digital cultural products? Have the changes in the music industry made it indispensable for artists to be present in the networks in order to preserve their trajectories memories? The methodological assumptions are based on literature review and the principles of netnography. The review was based on the works of researchers in the areas of culture, music, memory, convergence and social networks (…). In this paper, we present a review of the literature on the use of the Internet and netnography, taken here as proposed by Kozinets (1997), which was structured in four phases: cultural Entrée; data collection and analysis; research ethics; feedback and checking of information. The cultural entrée, which represents the first contact with the field, had as its central instruments the construction of a website and a fanpage about the singer, which were followed up for about six months before the beginning of the data collection. The following three phases of overlapping collections have taken place: online questionnaire through the SurveyMonkey platform, sites and blogs, and YouTube. The ethics of research, feedback and information checking were strictly observed. The data indicate that the cultural memoir of the singer José Augusto “Sergipano” has found in the Internet an important ally, mainly through the action of fans or not who act within the scope of a participatory culture. / A presente dissertação tem por objetivo analisar as possibilidades de preservação da memória cultural através da internet, estudando o caso do cantor José Augusto “Sergipano”. O artista fez sucesso no cenário nacional e internacional durante as décadas de 1960 e 1970, tendo gravado pela Chantecler, uma das mais importantes gravadoras do Brasil à época, 19 LPs e 10 compactos (singles), além de realizar mais de quinhentos shows. Após sua morte, em um acidente de carro em 1981, a trajetória do cantor foi perdendo destaque, transformando o antes ídolo em “ilustre desconhecido”. Para o estudo de caso, foram estabelecidos os seguintes objetivos específicos: abordar a música como um produto cultural; relacionar a biografia do cantor José Augusto “Sergipano” com a evolução dos meios de comunicação, em especial o rádio e a televisão; discutir o papel da gravadora Chantecler na divulgação da música popular brasileira, sobretudo da chamada música romântica; conceituar memória cultural e analisar o uso da internet como plataforma de preservação da memória cultural. A pesquisa articula-se em torno das seguintes perguntas: A internet pode ser utilizada como plataforma de preservação da memória cultural? As redes sociais, através de suas fanpages, podem contribuir para a preservação da memória cultural? Como a indústria da música vem tratando a distribuição de produtos culturais digitais? A presença nas redes tornou-se indispensável para a preservação da memória de trajetórias artísticas com as mudanças na indústria da música? Os pressupostos metodológicos fundamentam-se na revisão da literatura e nos princípios da netnografia. A revisão foi pautada nas obras de pesquisadores das áreas de cultura, música, memória, convergência e redes sociais (ADORNO e HORKHEIMER, 1982; BENJAMIN 1994; LOTMAN, 1979; VICENTE, 2010; HALBWACHS, 2006; ASSMANN, A., 2008, 2011, 2011b; ASSMANN, Jan. 2005, 2008b; ASSMANN e CZAPLICKA, 1995; JENKINS 1992; 2006ª, 2006b e 2008; AMARAL, 2007; AMARAL, RECUERO E MONTARDO, 2009 e RECUERO, 2009). A netnografia, tomada na acepção de Kozinets (1997), estruturou-se em quatro fases: Entrée cultural; Coleta e análise de dados; Ética de pesquisa; Feedback e checagem de informações. A entrée cultural, que representa o primeiro contato com o campo, teve como instrumentos centrais a construção de um site e de uma fanpage sobre o cantor analisado, que foram acompanhados por cerca de seis meses antes do início da coleta de dados. A seguir iniciaram-se três fases de coletas sobrepostas: questionários online através da plataforma SurveyMonkey, sites, blogs e YouTube. Os princípios de ética de pesquisa, feedback e checagem de informações foram estritamente observados. Os dados indicam que a memória cultural do cantor José Augusto “Sergipano” tem encontrado na internet um importante aliado no sentido de sua preservação, assegurada, sobretudo, pela ação de fãs ou não que agem no âmbito de uma cultura participativa.

Magister Artium - MA / In 1974 an Agricultural Museum Committee was established at the Worcester Museum which ultimately led to the development in 1981 of the Kleinplasie Open Air Farm Museum.This began a new phase in the museum’s history, one that I will argue was particularly closely linked to Afrikaner nationalist historiography, in particular to ideas about frontier farmers and pioneer farming lifestyles and activities.This study will take the form of a critical analysis of the establishment of Kleinplasie Living Open Air Museum from 1974 until 1994. It will evaluate the making of exhibitions, its architecture, and the performances and public activities in the establishment of the institution as a site of memory and knowledge. The key question this work engages with is how representations, performance, exhibitions, museum activities, and public involvement were shaped to create particular messages and construct a site of cultural identity and memory at Kleinplasie Living Open Air Museum.It will also deal with questions around who decides on the voices and content of the exhibitions, architecture and displays. The role played by professionals, those who claim to represent community, donors and other interests groups will also be placed under the spotlight. There are also questions around the provenance of collections, the way they were acquired through donations and sponsorships, and the crucial role objects played in the construction of the narrative and identity of the museum.A key question that emerges from my own work is the connection between the Afrikaner nationalist scholarship and the development of the open-air museum based on the life of the frontier farmer at Kleinplasie. While Kleinplasie does not seem to follow the monumental approach that was evident in schemes such as the Voortrekker Monument in Pretoria, where triumphalism and conquest are key metaphors, it does rely on a sense of ‘independence’ and self-fulfilment in social history type setting. There is thus a need to consider how Afrikaner nationalist historiography impacted on the way history was depicted at Kleinplasie. P. J. van der Merwe’s studies of the character and lifeways of the trekboer(Die Trekboer in die Geskiedenis van die Kaapkolonie), seems to have played a central role in the construction of the theme and narrative. This three-volume trilogy provided Kleinplasie(literally, ‘little farm’) with a social and cultural history on which to construct its version of the past.