Esta pesquisa procura entender o trabalho do diretor cinematográfico brasileiro contemporâneo a partir da reconstrução do processo criativo de cinco longas-metragens realizados nos últimos anos e a compreensão das estratégias escolhidas pelos diretores para construir sua obra. Os filmes observados são: Antônia\" (Tata Amaral, 2006), Cama de Gato (Alexandre Stockler, 2002), O Magnata (Johnny Araujo, 2007), A Via Láctea (Lina Chamie, 2007) e Estômago (Marcos Jorge, 2007). Além disso, observamos também uma diária de filmagem de Amanhã Nunca Mais (Tadeu Jungle, em finalização) e o processo de realização do curta-metragem Gris (Iana Cossoy Paro, 2005), realizado em uma estrutura acadêmica controlada. É um estudo de Comunicação que considera o diretor como um agente que se relaciona com um processo que se desenvolve no espaço e no tempo, sofrendo influências de diversas origens: das questões sociais que detecta como de seu interesse na geração do projeto às condições materiais que consegue reunir para sua produção, passando por uma série de decisões sobre os seus métodos de trabalho para a construção da obra pretendida. Metodologicamente, optamos por utilizar-nos de instrumentos da Crítica do Processo, desenvolvidos por Cecília Salles (2006), para ler as obras como a construção no tempo de uma rede em movimento. Esse deslocamento libertou o trabalho da necessidade de centrar seus esforços sobre o filme terminado, como referência principal para análise da obra, propondo uma nova maneira de estudar a realização. / The aim of the research is to understand the work of the contemporary Brazilian film director through the reconstruction of the creative process of five feature films which were recently shot, and the strategies followed by the directors in order to build their works. The analysis focused on five films: Antônia\" (Tata Amaral, 2006), Cama de Gato (Alexandre Stockler, 2002), O Magnata (Johnny Araujo, 2007), A Via Láctea (Lina Chamie, 2007) e Estômago (Marcos Jorge, 2007). We also witnessed a day of shooting of the film Amanhã Nunca Mais (Tadeu Jungle, now in post production) and the making process of the short film Gris (Iana Cossoy Paro, 2005), shot in an academically controlled environment. This study on Communication regards the film director as an agent related to a process that evolves through time and space, with influences coming from diverse sources, from the social issues he considers of interest in the creation of the project to the material structure for the production, making decisions over the different working methods followed in the construction of the work. From a methodological point of view, we decided to apply concepts from Critica do Processo, developed by Cecília Salles (2006), in order to analyze the works as the construction of a moving net in time. This decision let our project free from the need of having to focus our analysis on the finished film as the main reference for the study, also suggesting a new way to study the process of filmmaking.

Entre 1911 et 1920, Kazimir Malévitch découvre de nouvelles lois artistiques. Grâce à l' « Optique physiologique » d'Hermann von Helmholtz (1856-1866), il transforme les lois scientifiques des sensations optiques (couleur, lumière, mouvement) et celles des structures optiques de la vision en lois artistiques avec lesquelles il crée ses tableaux néo-primitivistes (1911-1912), proto-cubistes (1912-1913), futuristes (1912), cubistes (1913-1914) et suprématistes (1915-1920). Cette transformation des lois scientifiques de la vision en principes créatifs explique les innovations et l'évolution stylistique de Malévitch de 1911 à 1920. Ces découvertes sur les procédés créatifs de Malévitch sont totalement nouvelles, car ce travail est le premier à porter sur ce sujet. La présente thèse est composée de deux parties. La première présente en trois chapitres les lois de la perception sensorielle. Ell explique comment l'oeil voit la direction, la position, la taille et les dimensions dans le champ visuel. La seconde consiste également en trois chapitres, dans lesquels l'auteur analyse l'exploration par Malévitch de la sensation et de la perception sensorielle dans ses tableaux néo-primitivistes et proto-cubistes, de la perception sensorielle seule dans le cubisme et des sensations de couleur et de lumière pures dans le suprématisme. Tandis que la science révèle à l'artiste les vérités de la vision, les tableaux de Malévitch deviennent l'art de la vision optique. Ces recherches fournissent une contribution majeure pour la compréhension de l'oeuvre de Kazimir Malévitch. / Between 1911 and 1920, Kazimir Malevitch was discovering new artistic laws with which to create. Relying on Hermann von Helmholtz's, « Treatise on Physiological Optics (1856-1866), scientific laws of optical sensations (colour, light and movement) and optical structures of seeing were transformed into artistic laws. With them Malevitch created his Neo-Primitivist paintings (1911-1912), Proto-Cubist paintings (1912-1913), Futurist paintings (1912), Cubist paintings (1913-1914), and Suprematist paintings (1915-1920). Adapting scientific laws of vision to creative laws of painting is what accounts for Malevitch's innovations and artistic development, 1911-1920.These are entirely new discoveries about malevitch's creative processes, a subject investigated here for the first time. Divided into two parts, the first part consists of three chapters on the science of optical sensations, the laws of light and colour, and the laws of sense perceptions : how the eye sees direction, position, size and dimensions in the visual field. The second part consists of three chapters analysing how Malevitch explored sensation and sense perception in the Neo-Primitive and Proto-Cubist paintings, sense perception in Cubism, and, in Suprematism, the pure sensations of colour and light. With science providing the truths of vision, Kazimir Malevitch's paintings became the art of the seeing eye, and this is a major new contribution to the understanding of the painting of Kazimir Malevitch.

Les processus de création collaboratifs en musique peuvent apporter aux compositrices et compositeurs un espace d’échanges inventifs et personnels avec d’autres artistes ou interprètes. Cette collaboration peut également s’inclure dans un environnement de débat sur les enjeux socio- politiques actuels et inciter à une implication plus prenante sur ces thématiques. À l’inverse des modes institutionnalisés de composition pour les musiques issues de la tradition de l’Europe occidentale, ces dynamiques de création souffrent d’un manque d’encadrement, bien qu’elles soient de plus en plus étudiées et documentées. De ce fait, il est possible de cerner certains mécanismes et outils qui peuvent aider à mieux mener de telles pratiques. Dans le but d’explorer différentes approches de l’interaction humaine et de l’engagement social à travers la création musicale, j’ai développé deux projets en l’espace de cinq ans : Moi_Espace Public et Brain Washed, Brain Dead. Chaque projet a été basé sur des concepts issues d’autres disciplines comme la philosophie ou la sociologie. Les différentes œuvres abouties dans le cadre de ces projets ont été construites de manière adaptée au cadre de chaque création, aux différents milieux culturels et artistiques des collaborateurs et collaboratrices, ainsi qu’aux nouvelles problématiques soulevées durant le déroulement de cette recherche. L’analyse de ces contextes de création ainsi que de l’évolution de chaque projet, nous permet de comprendre quelques entraves, solutions et questionnements qui peuvent intervenir dans la collaboration musicale comme outil d’interaction collective et d’implication sociale. / Collaborative creative processes in music can provide composers with a space for inventive and personal exchange with other artists or performers. This collaboration can also be part of an environment of debate on current socio-political issues and encourage a more active involvement on these themes. In contrast to the institutionalized modes of composition for music from the Western European tradition, these creative dynamics still suffer from a lack of institutionalization, although they are being increasingly studied and documented. Because of that, it is possible to identify mechanisms and tools that can help to better conduct such practices. In order to explore different approaches to more personal relations and social engagement through music creation, I developed two projects over the course of five years: Moi_Espace Public and Brain Washed, Brain Dead. Each project was based on concepts from other disciplines such as philosophy or sociology. The different works resulting from those projects were adapted to the context of each creation (frameworks, cultural and artistic backgrounds of the collaborators), as well as to the new issues raised during this research. The analysis of these different processes of creation as well as the evolution of each project, allow us to understand some of the obstacles, solutions and questions that can intervene in the musical collaboration as a tool of collective interaction and social engagement.

Ce document présente une démarche de recherche-création, intitulée Worst Practices, développée dans le cadre d’un Doctorat en Composition et Création Sonore effectué au sein de la Faculté de Musique de l’Université de Montréal. Il est lié une série de compositions qui sont le volet pratique de ce projet. Ce texte précise les notions théoriques sur lesquels il s’appuie. Il présente d’abord différentes stratégies compositionelles appliquées au sein de ce projet. Dans un second temps il procédera à une analyse des différentes pièces réalisées en présentant une première série des projets qui ont inspirés cette démarche, un second ensemble de pièces ou les techniques proposées apparaissent plus consciemment, pour enfin présenter deux projets plus conséquents qui ont été entièrement constitués selon le concept de Worst Practices. Cette démarche s’inspire de la notion de bifurcation néguentropique, proposée par le philosophe français Bernard Stiegler, et consiste en une voie artistique en réaction à un environnement où l’accélération technologique est source d’aliénation et ou la surproduction pose la question de la pérennisation de son travail. Ainsi une continuité avec la démarche d’artistes tels que Frank Zappa, Charles Mingus, ou encore Erik Satie, est établie. Par la suite une série de stratégies déviantes est présentée en commençant pas l’analyse de ‘mauvaises’ habitudes de travail volontairement assumées, puis par la description de méthodes artistiques : le détournement, le débordement et la déconstruction-lacération. Ces approches de création seront ensuite identifiées au cours des analyses qui occupent les trois derniers chapitres de ce texte. Dans ce cadre, la manière dont ces pratiques ont évolué au sein de ce projet de recherche-création sera mise en avant pour illustrer le déploiement progressif des Worst Practices dans cette série de compositions. / This document presents a research-creation process, referred to as Worst Practices, developed over the course of a Doctorate in Composition and Sound Creation at the Music Faculty of the University of Montreal. It is linked to a series of compositions that are the practical dimension of this project. This text addresses the theoretical notions on which it rests. It begins by presenting various compositional strategies applied within this project. In a second phase an analysis of the various compositions will be performed starting with a first group of works that inspired this process, a second group where several of the proposed techniques begin to appear more voluntarily, to finally present to more ambitious projects that were entirely formalised through the concept of Worst Practices. This course of action is inspired by the notion of neguentropic bifurcation, developed by the French philosopher Bernad Stiegler, and consists of an artistic path in reaction to an environment in which technological acceleration is the cause for alienation and where overproduction causes artists to question the perennity of their work. It thus establishes a continuity with artists such as Charles Mingus, Frank Zappa and Erik Satie. Following this a series of deviant strategies is presented starting with voluntary ‘bad’ work habits, and then describing artistic methods employed such as diversion, overflowing and shredding. These creative approaches will be identified throughout the analyses in the three final chapters of the text. In this context, the way these practices evolved within this research-creation project will be put forward in order to illustrate the progressive deployment of Worst Practices in this series of compositions.

No description available.

Ocupar as Fendas: Intervenções na cidade com uma Bicicleta Visual é composto por uma investigação-ação na cidade de São Paulo, na qual três intervenções urbanas foram realizadas: Ruínas Transitórias, Contra-Vigilância e Metro Quadrado. Para executar as ações foi desenvolvida a Bicicleta Visual, um veículo elétrico equipado com projetor de vídeo e um computador. A Bicicleta Visual atua como um dispositivo de ativação do espaço, ao projetar imagens em movimento sobre a arquitetura. As imagens projetadas e o modo como são feitas configuram uma intervenção urbana. As intervenções urbanas instauram desvios, rupturas e novas tensões, explicitando as contradições da cidade - distensões perceptivas, dissensos, que gestam a possibilidade de reflexão sobre a partilha do sensível. Essas ações propõem ao complexo tecido do espaço público novas experiências e invenções, anunciando outras formas de convivência. Nesse tipo de trabalho, que pretende intervir na realidade, prioriza-se, enquanto metodologia, o processo, os meios, a criação de formas que permitam agir e pensar simultaneamente. Esse tipo de pesquisa, transformadora do real, é denominada investigação-ação. Ocupar as Fendas é um trabalho composto de três procedimentos fundamentais: deslocar, projetar e intervir. Ruínas Transitórias investiga a transitoriedade dos espaços vazios gerados pelo processo de gentrificação e as apropriações formais e informais dos mesmos. Contra-Vigilância interage com a esfera da vigilância e da segurança privada nos enclaves fortificados da metrópole paulistana. Metro Quadrado verifica a relação entre o valor do metro quadrado e os tipos de uso do espaço urbano. Com a finalidade de enfatizar o processo de construção da intervenção urbana - e o que nela é mais potente, subversivo e transformador -, esse trabalho cria quatro vozes textuais que dialogam com as ações, deflagrando a experiência de investigar-agir. / Occupying the Gaps: Interventions in the city with a Visual Bicycle is formed by an investigation-action in the city of São Paulo, where three urban interventions were made: Transitory Ruins, Counterwatch, and Square Meter. The Visual Bicycle, an electrical vehicle equipped with a video projector and a computer, was developed to implement these actions. It serves as a space activation device by projecting moving images on the architecture. Those projected images and the way they are made convey an urban intervention. Urban interventions create digressions, ruptures, and new tensions, exposing the city\'s contradictions - perceptive distensions, dissensuses, begetting the possibility of reflection about the distribution of the sensible. Those actions offer new experiences and inventions to the complex fabric of public space, announcing different forms of socialization. In this sort of work, which aims at intervening in our reality, the methodological priority is the process, the means, the conception of ways to allow acting and thinking simultaneously. This kind of reality-transforming research is called investigation-action. Occupying the Gaps is a work comprising three basic procedures: displacing, projecting, and intervening. Transitory Ruins investigates the transience of empty spaces generated by the process of gentrification, as well as both the formal and informal appropriations of those spaces. Counterwatch interacts with the world of watchmen and private security in the fortified enclaves of the metropolis. Square Meter notes the relation between the value of a square meter and the ways urban space is used. With the goal of emphasizing the process of building an urban intervention - and its most potent, subversive, and transformative aspects -, this work creates four textual voices that converse with the actions, prompting the experience of investigating-acting.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:15:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pablo Souza de Villavicencio.pdf: 4929271 bytes, checksum: 19e7a39f44cb5c6dac1e2f1e61ed0f5a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This doctoral thesis analyses the contemporary audiovisual trend called cinema installation. It examines a few projects dealing with the relationship between space, audiovisual and spectator (interactor) that make up artistic environments. Equally, it emphasises the building of a space in body movements and interactors gestures, such as the audiovisual temporality and interactivity, focusing on man-machine interface. Cinema installations can include: a) the "multi-screen cinema", invented by Abel Gance, with the film Napoleon (1927); b) immersive environments, e.g., Stan Vandereek s Movie-drome (1963-65), c) immersing and interactive environments, e.g., Jeffrey Shaw s Place Ruhr (2000). Some concepts discussed in this study are: the database as a particuliar cultural form of digital media, the spatial editing, replacing sequential editing from traditional cinema (Manovich); the transcinema (Maciel) and the on-going cinema (Parente). Claire Bishop s art installation; Katja Kwastek s aesthetics of interactivity in digital art,; and Frank Popper s artistic environments and aesthetic-technological logic are also investigated. During the archaeological reading path of cinema installation the origins of immersive environments are considered from a Virtual Art perspective (Grau).The method comprises: a) literature review of texts that discuss poetical forms in interactive audiovisual environments; b) critical discussion of networking concepts that help elaborating the definition of cinema installation; c) research, selection and mapping of works, according to the proposed mapping poetry of Lucia Leão; d) analysis of selected works. The results achieved through the research were: critical reading of the concepts and proposals related to the language of audiovisual and interactive installations, and of expanded cinema (Youngblood); developing a concept of cinema installation; cartography of experimental projects named as cinema installation poetry ; analysis of projects; and finally / A presente tese de doutorado propõe e analisa uma tendência audiovisual contemporânea que denominamos: cineinstalação. Analisamos projetos que problematizam as relações entre espaço, audiovisual e espectador (interator), que compõem os ambientes artísticos. Privilegiamos as construções do espaço nos deslocamentos corporais e na gestualidade dos interatores, tal como, as temporalidades do audiovisual e a interatividade, enfocando a relação humano-máquina. As cineinstalações compreendem: a) o cinema multitelas, inventado por Abel Gance, no filme Napoleão (1927); b) os ambientes imersivos, por exemplo, o Movie-drome (1963-65), de Stan VanDerBeek; c) ambientes imersivos e interativos, por exemplo, Place Ruhr (2000), de Jeffrey Shaw. Alguns conceitos discutidos na tese são: o banco de dados como forma cultural característica das mídias digitais; a montagem espacial, que substitui o modo sequencial de montagem do cinema tradicional (Manovich); os transcinemas (Maciel) e o cinema em trânsito (Parente); a arte da instalação de Claire Bishop; a estética da interatividade na arte digital, de Katja Kwastek; e os ambientes artísticos e a lógica estético-tecnológica, de Frank Popper. E no trajeto de leitura arqueológica das cineinstalações, buscamos as origens dos ambientes imersivos, a partir da ideia de Arte Virtual (Grau). A metodologia compreende: a) revisão bibliográfica de textos que discutem as poéticas em ambientes audiovisuais interativos; b) discussão crítica da rede de conceitos que estão em diálogo para a formulação do conceito de cineinstalação; c) pesquisa, seleção e mapeamento de obras, segundo a proposta de cartografia de poéticas de Lucia Leão; d) análise de obras selecionadas. Os resultados alcançados em nossa pesquisa foram: leitura crítica dos conceitos e propostas relacionadas com a linguagem das instalações audiovisuais e interativas, e do cinema expandido (Youngblood); a construção do conceito de cineinstalação; cartografia de projetos experimentais que denominamos como poéticas da cineinstalação; análise dos projetos

Esta dissertação consiste de um memorial do processo de construção da performance das Seis Danças Romenas de Béla Bártok por uma perspectiva da cognição corporificada. Fundamentada na proposição de objetos sônico-gestuais coarticulados de Godøy (2006; 2011) e na abordagem gestual de Pierce (2007) esta pesquisa investigou através da prática artística como gesto e som modelam-se mutuamente e de que maneira esse processo contínuo influencia a concepção da obra e as relações entre performer, música e instrumento. Considerando que as vivências do corpo não se limitam à prática pianística, foram trazidas perspectivas de experiências externas que contribuíram para a consciência corporal e que proporcionaram insights relevantes para a condução do processo artístico. A abordagem metodológica reúne a Pesquisa Artística e a Autoetnografia no que concerne desvelar o conhecimento corporificado inerente a um processo de criação artística através da narrativa pessoal. A documentação do processo compreendeu: 1) anotações em um diário das vivências, aulas de piano e sessões de estudo; 2) gravações de vídeo de sessões de estudo; 3) gravações de performances ao longo do processo; 4) comparação entre a gravação final da performance da obra e a primeira gravação realizada em momento anterior à pesquisa. Estes registros foram examinados com o propósito de compreender o processo artístico de uma perspectiva de corpo e música em constante estado de devir, identificando os momentos de insights mais significativos, e mapeando os recursos criativos elaborados pela performer ao longo do processo. As reflexões da performer acerca do processo conduziram a um reconhecimento de si mesma como sujeito corporificado, a perceber a música como fenômeno essencialmente corporal, e a transformações na concepção da obra. O processo artístico centrado no corpo acarretou mudanças significativas na interação da performer com o instrumento, o desenvolvimento de um maior repertório gestual, um incremento dos recursos expressivos, e o refinamento da percepção auditiva, promovendo o desenvolvimento da criatividade e da autonomia artística, bem como da maturidade emocional. / This dissertation is the performer’s account of the process of constructing a performance of Béla Bártok’s Romanian Folk Dances from the perspective of embodied cognition. Based on Godøy’s proposition of gestural-sonic coarticulation (2006; 2011), and Alexandra Pierce’s gestural approach to piano performance (2007), this research investigated how gesture and sound shape one another, and how this continuous process affects the conception of the work and the relations between performer, music and instrument. Considering that lived experience exceeds piano practice, perspectives from extra-musical activities were considered due to their contribution towards promoting bodily awareness and insights that were relevant to the artistic process. The methodological approach draws from Artistic Research and Autoethnography in regard to uncovering embodied knowledge ingrained in the process of artistic creation through personal narrative. The documentation of the process comprised: 1) a journal describing practice sessions, piano lessons and extra-musical experiences; 2) video recordings of practice sessions; 3) video recordings of performances along the process; 4) a comparison between the final performance and the first recording of the piece made prior to the present research. These records were examined with the purpose of comprehending the artistic process from the perspective of body and music in a constant state of becoming, identifying the most meaningful moments of insight, and mapping creative resources devised by the performer during the artistic process. The performer’s reflections upon the process lead to recognizing oneself as an embodied subject, to perceiving music as an essentially corporeal phenomenon, and to transformations in the conception of the musical work. The artistic process centered on the performer’s body promoted significant changes in the performer’s interaction with the instrument, the development of a broader gestural repertoire, an increment in expressive resources, and the refinement of aural perception, fostering the growth of creativity and artistic autonomy, as well as emotional maturation.

O trabalho coletivo em artes digitais define uma pratica que implica a interacao de diversos atores em processos de criacao que podem ter caracteristicas generativas. Na presente tese, propomos a construcao de um olhar a partir da complexidade para estudar esses processos como sistemas complexos adaptativos. A especificidade esta relacionada ao conceito de espacos estoricizados artificio para desenhar uma rede de significados emergentes, a partir das inter-relacoes entre os elementos do sistema. A adocao dessa perspectiva implica a integracao da auto-observacao ao sistema, dando ao complexo auto-organizado, visibilidade de si partindo do fluxo de informacoes para a construcao de memorias e imagens transitorias, no limiar entre impressao e imaginacao. / Collective work in digital arts defines a practice, which entails an interaction of various actors in creative processes, which may have generative features. In the current theses, we propose the construction of a point of view from complexity to study these processes as complex adaptive systems. The specificity in this work is related to the concept of storied spaces an artifice to design a network of emergent meanings from the inter-relations amongst elements of the system. The adoption of this standpoint implies integrating self-observation into the system, granting visibility of itself to the self- organizing complex from the flow of information to the construction of memories and transitory images on the threshold between impression and imagination.

O objetivo desta pesquisa é a criação de um corpo de trabalhos visuais e registro de seu processo criativo, tendo em vista desdobramentos didáticos para o ensino de linguagens visuais no campo do Design. Imagens foram geradas a partir da observação, do pensamento e do gesto, e ganharam visibilidade através de procedimentos como fotografia, escaneamento, colagem, manipulação digital, desenho e impressão. O ato criador, aliado à reflexão sobre esse fazer, permitiu a investigação sobre a gênese deste processo: a teoria é uma prática, o fazer é um pensar. A primeira parte da tese expõe sequências figurativas em simultaneidade com depoimentos, ambos produzidos pela autora, onde se apresentam as motivações e os meandros deste processo criativo, cotejados com conceitos teóricos e com a produção contemporânea da visualidade. Na segunda parte, produtos visuais realizados pelos alunos da autora, no âmbito de uma disciplina de graduação em Design, são apresentados com os relatos sobre essa experiência docente. Corpo de provas, enquanto documento dos trajetos, desvios, dificuldades e conquistas vivenciados na prática reflexiva da construção de linguagens visuais, fornece subsídios e aponta possibilidades didáticas para seu ensino. / The present research aims to create a collection of visual artworks and document its creation process, while also focusing on developments for the teaching of visual languages in the field of Design Studies. The images were created from observation, reflection, and gesture and took shape through a number of practices including photography, scanning, collage, digital manipulation, drawing, and print. An investigation into the genesis of the process was made possible through the association of the creative act and a deliberation on its praxis: theory became practice, and practice turned into reflection. The first part of this thesis offers figurative sequences and accounts by the author, which convey the motivations and meanders of her creation process. That material was subsequently confronted to theoretical concepts and contemporary visual works. The second part displays visual products created by the author\'s students in the context of an undergraduate Design class, and includes her accounts regarding this academic experience. As a document of the trajectories, detours, difficulties, and achievements experienced throughout the reflective practice in the construction of visual languages, Book of Proofs suggests options and offers support for teaching these processes.