The Education Industry is crucial to the development of societies and their economy, consequently, it is important to understand how technological advancements affect the industry and its stakeholders. Research has been made on this topic, mainly focusing on the concept and framework, implications for the Education Industry, and possible societal transformations, but few focus on the implementation and evolution of the Internet of Things (IoT) in the education industry, the Internet of Education Things (IoET), especially within higher education. Living in the Information Age, it is important to understand how things that provide access to power(as in information) are implemented and evolve. The purpose of this research is to study the IoET in the Swedish higher education reality, to provide a deeper understanding of the rapid changes in the industry, the evolution, and development of the IoET model as well as the outcomes over a ten years timeframe for the institution, by answering the research question“How did the implementation process of IoET evolve?”. The research was conducted implementing a qualitative exploratory approach, using a single case study adopting grounded theory and thematic analysis, with an interpretative approach that allowed the interviewees to voice their experiences and perspectives on the phenomenon. It was found that the past decade, especially the last five years, has meant pervading IoET transformations on multiple levels within the university, such as the teaching and learning, privacy and security, classroom environment, and energy monitoring, as well as digital connectors. These transformations were found to have strong connections to external pressure, internal pressure, regulations, centralisation, and most recently COVID-19. Each of these motivations was found to be related to the different transformations mentioned above, which also has meant different paces of transformation, and in turn different outcomes. We found that the increasing pace of these implementations has made the level of satisfaction decrease among the different stakeholder groups.

The impacts and influences of globalised digitalisation has increased its presence within the political structures of both international economic and international security regimes, and the rise of e-governance systems and digital security technology has probed IR scholarship to study this policy shift from traditional forms of governance to digital ones. Less considered here is how digitalisation has been extended to the international humanitarian governance regime. Digital tools are increasingly being produced and employed within international humanitarian interventions. However, despite the rapid mobilisation of these digital technologies, humanitarian crises and their corresponding interventions are becoming more frequent and more prolonged and the assumed benefits of these well-intending digital tools are failing to improve the lives of their beneficiaries. While evaluations of these interventions are not lacking, the preoccupation of material, quantitative assessments of humanitarian missions erroneously neglect the perspectives and experiences of their intended beneficiaries. In this regard, the paper seeks to problematize the methods in which humanitarian practitioners produce and implement their digital aid in a critical study into the political and normative structures which shape the design of digitised humanitarian governance. Post Colonial theory is recalled as a central, anchoring framework from which its concepts of racialisation, hegemonic identity reconstruction, and exploitation will be theory-tested via public policy analysis to the research’s case study. Here, the ‘neutrality’ of humanitarian governance is debunked, and hidden lineages of coloniality within the UNHCR’s mandate in the Rohingya refugee emergency are brought to the fore.

I dagsläget finns det brister gällande datadelning mellan verkande aktörer itransportsektorn. Denna fallstudie fokuserar på vägtransport med avseende på last miledelivery samt sjöfartstransport och järnvägstransport. Mycket information finns ännu intedigitalt vilket gör att den blir otillgänglig för samtliga aktörer som är inblandade ileveranskedjan. Det finns inte något datadelningssystem för de inblandade aktörerna attdela sin data i. Detta gör i sin tur att det saknas en samlad lägesbild över logistikkedjanför gods. Med hjälp av digitalisering kan det uppnås en samlad lägesbild, det vill säga attalla inblandade ska få ta del av samma information samtidigt, vilket kan leda till att mankan uppnå effektivitet i distributionssystemet samt kunna reagera i realtid. Genom att använda sig av innovationsmodellen Living Labs kan man skapa projekt därman för samman aktörer och tar reda på aktörernas informationsbehov. Living Labs är eninnovationsmodell där aktörssamverkan står i centrum. Syftet med denna fallstudie är attutvärdera om innovationsmodellen Living Labs är en lämplig modell för att digitaliserainformationsflödet inom logistikkedjor för gods, genom att jämföra litteratur medrespondenternas svar från intervjuerna. Denna fallstudie ger en genomgång avlitteraturen, med hjälp av en litteraturstudie. Studien har även samlat in information frånintervjuer. Resultatet av denna fallstudie visar att innovationsmodellen Living Labs är enlämplig modell för att digitalisera informationsflödet inom logistikkedjor för gods. Däremot finns det fortfarande forskningsgap när det gäller hur Living Labs påverkardigitalisering av informationsflödet inom logistikkedjor för gods. Nyckelord: Living Labs, Digitalisering, Logistikkedjor för gods, Informationsflöde, Innovation / In the current situation there are shortcomings regarding data sharing between activeactors in the transport sector. This case study focuses on road transport regarding last miledelivery as well as shipping and rail transport. A lot of information is not yet availabledigitally, which makes it inaccessible to all actors that are involved in the supply chain. There is also no data sharing system for the actors that are involved to share their data. This in turn means that there is no overall picture of the situation in the logistic chain forgoods. With the help of digitization, an overall picture of the situation can be achieved, which means that everyone involved should be able to access the same information at thesame time, which can lead to efficiency in the distribution system and give actors theopportunity to be able to react in real time. By using the innovation model Living Labs, you can create projects where you bringactors together and find out the actors information needs. Living Labs is an innovationmodel where actor collaboration is at the center. The purpose of this case study is toevaluate whether the innovation model Living Labs is a suitable model for digitizing theflow of information within logistics chains for goods, by comparing literature with therespondents answers from the interviews. This case study provides a review of theliterature, using a literature study. This study also collected information from interviews. The results of this case study show that the innovation model Living Labs is a suitablemodel for digitizing the flow of information within logistics chains for goods. However, there are still research gaps regarding how Living Labs affects the digitalisation of theflow of information within logistics chains for goods. Keywords: Living Labs, Digitalisation, Logistics chains for goods, Information flow, Innovation

The Scandinavian Joint Expedition to Sudanese Nubia (SJE) was one of the substantial contributions of crucial salvage archaeology within the International Nubian Campaign which was pursued in conjunction with the building of the High Dam at Aswan in the early 1960’s. A large quantity of archaeological data was collected by the SJE in a continuous area of northernmost Sudan and published during the subsequent decades. The present study aimed at transferring the geographical aspects of that data into a digital format thus enabling spatial enquires on the archaeological information to be performed in a computerised manner within a geographical information system (GIS). The landscape of the concession area, which is now completely submerged by the water masses of Lake Nasser, was digitally reconstructed in order to approximate the physical environment which the human societies of ancient Nubia inhabited. Information on the nearly 500 indexed archaeological sites of the SJE was classified and imported into the GIS. The potential of the system thereby established, validated against modern remote sensing data and aerial photography, was then demonstrated by a number of spatial analyses at an inter-site level. The resuls of those analyses contribute to discussions on various topics already raised within the SJE publication or elsewhere and includes issues on Nile palaeochannel reconstructions, seasonal habitation patterns and dedicatory orientation of elite tombs. The system hereby developed is intended to be used in further studies of the relevant and information-rich research fields of ancient Nubia for applications similar to those demonstrated in the present project or for educational and research purposes hitherto unpredicted. / Den Samnordiska Expeditionen till Sudanska Nubien (SJE) var en av de omfattande insatser av avgörande räddningsarkeologi inom den Internationella Nubienkampanjen som bedrevs i samband med byggandet av Höga Dammen i Aswan i början av 1960-talet. En stor mängd arkeologisk data samlades in av SJE i ett kontinuerligt område i nordligaste Sudan och publicerades under de efterföljande årtiondena. Denna studie ämnade överföra de geografiska aspekterna av den datan till ett digitalt format och därmed möjliggöra att rumsliga förfrågningar på den arkeologiska information kan utföras på ett datoriserat tillvägagångssätt i ett geografiskt informationssystem (GIS). Landskapet i koncessions-området, vilket nu är helt översvämmat av Nassersjöns vattenmassor, återskapades digitalt med syfte att approximera den fysiska omgivningen vilken de mänskliga samhällena i det forna Nubien bebodde. Information om de nära 500 indexerade fyndplatserna tillhörande SJE klassificerades och importerades in i detta GIS. Potentialen av det system som därmed skapats, validerat mot modern fjärranalysdata och flygfotografi, demonstrerades genom ett antal rumsliga analyser på en mellan-fyndplats-nivå. Resultaten av dessa analyser bidrar till diskussioner om diverse ämnen som redan tagits upp inom SJE-publikationen eller annorstädes och inkluderar frågor kring Nilens äldre dragningar, säsongsmässiga bosättningsmönster och avsiktlig orientering av elitgravar. Systemet som härvid har utvecklats är ämnat att användas i vidare studier av de relevanta och informationsrika forskningsområden som rör det forna Nubien för tillämpningar liknande de som demonstrerats i detta projekt eller för undervisnings- och forsknings-syften som hittills ej förutsetts.

Internet search has been marked by the dominant use of query search, specifically Google, since the mid-1990s. The public release of the AI-based search tool, chatGPT, powered by a recent innovation in deep learning known as large language models (LLMs), marks a paradigm shift in internet search technology. While the essence of both the search technologies, namely, the retrieval of information from the internet, remains the same, there appears to be a marked difference in the manner of their use and perception by both the general public as well as in media. Prior studies have highlighted the importance of assessing perceptions of new technology on users. Examining the impact of this recently-introduced form of search compared to the original query-search can provide valuable insights into users’ perception of search technologies as well as identify underlying attitudes towards AI. This study investigates the distinct discursive patterns characterising user perceptions of these two search paradigms. It uses a collected text corpus of media articles and forum data as its research material, and employs Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modelling to generate a quantitative set of topics. These are then examined qualitatively through the lenses of technological frames and discourse analysis to uncover user perceptions. Findings indicate that user discourse patterns diverge, anticipatory themes differ and there is variation in user concerns as well as media coverage. This research contributes insights into evolving technological perceptions, societal consequences, and the media’s role in shaping user discourse. It also highlights that further investigations into the anthropomorphic aspects of digitalisation and the evolving information landscape may offer promising avenues for future research.

Hintergrund: Die Digitalisierung der Patientendokumentation und die Einführung der elektronischen Patientenakte (ePA) stellen den klinischen Alltag vor große Herausforderungen. - Fragestellung:Wir untersuchten die Akzeptanz und den Stand der Digitalisierung von Patientendaten sowie die Einführung der ePA bei den deutschen Urologen. Material und Methoden: Nach einem iterativen Entwicklungsprozess erhielten wir einen Fragebogenmit 30 Items,welcher über den Forschungsnewsletter der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Urologie e.V. versendet wurde. - Ergebnisse: Insgesamt beantworteten 80 Urologen den Fragebogen (Rücklaufquote 2%). Digitale Plattformen wie Urotube oder Researchgate wurden von 63% der Teilnehmer verwendet. Die komplette Einführung der digitalen Patientendokumentation erfolgte bei 72% der ambulant Tätigen und bei 54% der in der Klinik Tätigen (p= 0,042). 76%der Befragten sahen den Digitalisierungsprozess als sinnvoll an. 34% äußerten teilweise oder starke Bedenken bzgl. einer kompletten Digitalisierung der Patientendokumentation. Nur 14% der Teilnehmer haben eine Videosprechstunde angeboten. Als Vorteile für die ePA wurden u. a. die bessere Vernetzung des Gesundheitswesens 73%), die Verbesserung der Diagnose, der Indikations- (41%) und der Behandlungsqualität (48%) sowie die Vermeidung von Fehlmedikation (70%) gesehen. - Schlussfolgerung: Die deutschen Urologen stehen der Digitalisierung der Patientendokumentation und der ePA insgesamt offen gegenüber. Insbesondere jüngere Urologen nutzen digitale Medien. Die Vorteile der Digitalisierung sind insbesondere eine Verbesserung der Behandlungsabläufe. Für eine reibungslose Einführung sind eine bereichsübergreifende Etablierung und ggf. eine Anpassung der Behandlungsprozesse notwendig.

The educational system is going through a rapid shift towards digital learning, a phenomenon happening all over the world. This thesis examines the possibilities and conditions for digital learning amongst primary school children living in the township Kayamandi in Stellenbosch, South Africa. The project was carried out as a case study and has used a focused ethnographic approach. The objective was to conduct an explorative study of digital learning in a smaller township and to provide an understanding of the educational system, technology adoption in schools and among children, children's and teachers' digital literacy, and what opportunities for digital learning exist today. Three Kayamandi schools in Stellenbosch have been visited for observation: Kayamandi Primary School, Ikaya Primary School, and A.F. Louw Primary School. In addition, interviews have been conducted with different stakeholders within education, as well as focus groups and a survey with the children. Among the findings this master’s thesis shows that a digitalisation is ongoing but that there is an uneven accessibility to digital technologies and data which could be tackled with a tailored digital strategy. This study also notes on positive effects from using edtech programs and indicates that personalised learning and gamification might be key to success for digital learning in a township. A preliminary conclusion is that there are possibilities for digital learning, but the conditions are complex and various contextual factors need to be addressed in a collective and mindful manner. / Utbildningssystemet går igenom en snabb förändring mot digitalt lärande, ett fenomen som händer över hela världen. Denna avhandling undersöker möjligheterna och förutsättningarna för digitalt lärande bland grundskolebarn som bor i kåkstaden Kayamandi i Stellenbosch, Sydafrika. Projektet utfördes som en fallstudie och har använt ett fokuserat etnografiskt tillvägagångssätt. Målet var att genomföra en explorativ studie av digitalt lärande i en mindre kåkstad och att ge en förståelse för utbildningssystemet, teknikanvändningen i skolorna och bland barnen, barnens och lärarnas digitala kunskaper och, vilka möjligheter till digitalt lärande som finns idag. Tre Kayamandi-grundskolor i Stellenbosch har besökts för observation: Kayamandi Primary School, Ikaya Primary School och A.F. Louw Primary School. Dessutom har intervjuer genomförts med olika intressenter inom utbildning, samt fokusgrupper och en enkät med barnen. Bland resultaten visar denna masteruppsats att en digitalisering pågår men att det finns en ojämn tillgänglighet till digital teknik och internet som skulle kunna hanteras genom en skräddarsydd digital strategi. Denna studie noterar också positiva effekter av att använda edtech-program och indikerar att personligt lärande och spelifiering (gamification) kan vara nyckeln till framgång för digitalt lärande i en kåkstad. En preliminär slutsats är att det finns möjligheter för digitalt lärande, men förutsättningarna är komplexa och olika kontextuella faktorer behöver hanteras på ett kollektivt och medvetet sätt.

A rapidly growing number of employees within the public sector are subject to mandatory digitalisation where they are expected to accept and adopt new technological solutions.This thesis uses a qualitative approach to examine which factors influence the acceptance of new mandatory technology with employees in the public sector. Through the application of UTAUT as a theoretical framework four factors are examined together with their influence on the employees’ acceptance, both negatively and positively. The data was gathered through semi-structured interviews with employees at the Social Administration of the Skellefteå Municipality regarding their internal Helpdesk system and support department. The responses were analysed through an abductive thematic analysis. The results show that the vast amount of information and the systems employees at the Municipality already have to their disposal remain largely unused. The employees do not see the advantages in using it, they find it difficult to access the information and, in some cases, they are not even aware that it is available. The conclusion is that social influence plays a small role for the acceptance but the employee’s view on performance expectancy and effort expectancy are highly influencing factors. The most important factor is how the organisation can facilitate for the employee through training,communication and information. / Allt fler anställda inom den offentliga sektorn omfattas av obligatorisk digitalisering där de förväntas acceptera och adoptera nya tekniska lösningar. Denna uppsats undersöker i en kvalitativ ansats vilka faktorer som påverkar acceptansen hos anställda i offentlig sektor. Genom användandet av UTAUT som teoretiskt ramverk undersöks fyra faktorer och det sätt på vilket de påverkar anställda både positivt och negativt. Datainsamlingen gjordes genom semistrukturerade intervjuer av anställda på Socialförvaltningen i Skellefteå Kommun kring deras interna Helpdesk-system och supportavdelning. Intervjusvaren analyserades via en abduktiv tematisk analys. Resultatet visar på att all den information och de system kommunen redan har till sina anställdas förfogande mer eller mindre inte används alls. De anställda ser inte fördelarna, tycker det är svårt och krångligt att hitta information och i vissa fall är de inte ens medvetna om att det fanns tillgängligt. Slutsatsen är att socialt inflytande spelar en liten roll iacceptansen medan den anställdes syn på förväntad prestation och förväntad ansträngning i hög grad är påverkande faktorer. Den enskilt viktigaste faktorn är hur organisationen kan underlätta för den anställde genom utbildning, kommunikation och information.

Purpose: The purpose of the essay and this study is to examine how digitization has affected the accounting profession and mainly the case company and their accounting work.  Research questions: (1) In what ways is the accounting profession changing as a result of the current rate of digitization? (2) How has the digitization of systems affected the work at different career levels within the case company? Method: The study is based on qualitative research where the empirical material has been collected through six interviews with people who are employed at the case company. Theory: The theory will be explained through the institutional theory, digitization, the accounting profession, strategy, structure, education, implementation of tools as well as a model of the organizational change.  Conclusion: The conclusion can be drawn that due to digitization the accountant's duties have changed and will continue to change in the future. The tasks have become more complex as the repetitive tasks have been automated and replaced by digital systems. It is important for companies to keep up with the development of digitization in order to survive in the labor market. / Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen och studien är att djupdyka i hur digitaliseringen har påverkat redovisningsyrket och främst fallföretaget samt deras redovisningsarbete.  Forskningsfrågor: (1) På vilket sätt förändras redovisningsyrket till följd av den nuvarande digitaliserings takten? (2) Hur har digitaliseringen av system påverkat arbetet på de olika karriärsnivåer inom fallföretaget? Metod: Studien utgår från en kvalitativ forskningsansats där det empiriska materialet har insamlats genom sex stycken intervjuer med personer som är anställda på fallföretaget.    Teori: Teorin kommer att förklaras genom den institutionella teorin, digitalisering, redovisningsyrket, strategi, struktur, utbildning, implementering av verktyg samt en modell för organisationsförändring. Slutsats: Slutsatsen kan dras att på grund av digitaliseringen har redovisningsekonomens arbetsuppgifter förändrats och kommer fortsätta förändras i framtiden. Arbetsuppgifterna har blivit mer komplexa då de repetitiva uppgifterna har automatiserats och ersatts av digitala system. Det är viktigt för företag att hänga med i utvecklingen av digitaliseringen för att överleva på arbetsmarknaden.

This knowledge overview consists of research surrounding digitalisation in pedagogics, visual culture learning communities and the correlation between these two subjects. Intercultural pedagogics often refers to including pupils’ ethnical cultural diversity as grounds for creating a discourse surrounding equality and inclusion in the classroom. However, we hypothesise implementing an intercultural view on pedagogics, where the culture is one based on teenagers’ digital presence. This could let teachers provide a learning environment that strengthens pupils’ engagement and assures inclusivity, without running the risk of labeling them ethnically. Throughout this assessment we have found research linked to the use of pop-culture and improved teaching environments, teenagers' visual identities and their sub-cultures, and an underrepresentation in the use of digital media as a proper teaching tool. Results show that a vast number of teachers misunderstand how digitalisation can be properly implemented in the classroom, and educational environments that manage to implement children’s and teenagers’ personal interests and digital identities greatly increase learning possibilities and student engagement.