Orientador: José Martins Filho / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T09:54:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ratto_MariaTeresaQueirozFerreira_D.pdf: 1663069 bytes, checksum: 7c242cdb8b7b92f955550511d092e571 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Estudo sobre a influência da consistência da dieta e hábitos alimentares em jovens portadores da síndrome da disfunção temporomandibular (DTM), com o objetivo de verificar se a disfunção temporomandibular tem correlação com a consistência da dieta desses indivíduos. Foi realizado um estudo comparativo entre jovens atendidos no ambulatório do Hospital da Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Trata-se de um Estudo de Caso Controle, comparando indivíduos jovens de 9 a 25 anos, com e sem diagnóstico de Disfunção Temporomandibular. Foi utilizado um questionário e recordatório alimentar, verificando a relação entre consistência da alimentação e sua influência na DTM. O grupo controle (sem dor) foi formado por 47 indivíduos (49%) e o grupo de estudo por 49 indivíduos (51%), totalizando 96 indivíduos. Quanto à consistência dos alimentos consumidos em 3 dias, conforme relato no recordatório alimentar, 52 deles (54,2%) comeram alimentos mais consistentes. Destes, 23 apresentaram dor de DTM (44,2%), enquanto 29 não apresentaram a mesma dor (55,8%). Foram 44 (45,8%) os indivíduos que se alimentaram com menor consistência, dos quais 26 (59,1%) apresentaram dor e 18 deles (40,9%) não apresentaram dor. A maioria dos integrantes da amostra utiliza alimentos mais consistentes para sua alimentação. A maior parte dos indivíduos com dor prefere alimentos menos consistentes. Existe associação entre DTM e os hábitos alimentares, porem este dado não é estatisticamente significante / Abstract: This study is on the influence of the consistency of diet and eating habits in young patients with the syndrome of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), in order to ascertain whether the TMD is correlated with the consistency of the diet of these individuals. We conducted a comparative study between young people treated at the Hospital of the Federal University of Sao Paulo. This is a Control Case- Study, comparing young people who are 9-25 years old with and without a diagnosis of TMD. We used a questionnaire and a food record report, checking the relationship between the consistency of food choice and its influence on TMD. The control group (patients with no pain) was formed by 47 individuals (49%) and the study group was made of 49 individuals (51%), adding up to 96 individuals. As far as the consistency of foods eaten in three days, as reported in the dietary recall, 52 of them (54.2%) ate more consistent food. Out of these, 23 had pain of TMD (44.2%), while 29 did not have the same pain (55.8%). There were 44 (45.8%) individuals who were fed with less consistency food, of which 26 (59.1%) had pain and 18 of them (40.9%) had no pain. Most members of the sample prefer more consistent food in their diet. Most people who have pain prefer less consistent foods. There is a relationship between TMD and eating habits, but this figure is not statistically significant / Doutorado / Saude da Criança e do Adolescente / Doutor em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente

Introdução: O monitoramento da qualidade da dieta tem sido utilizado para nortear e avaliar políticas públicas nos países desenvolvidos, enquanto que, no Brasil, são poucas as pesquisas epidemiológicas com esta característica. Objetivo: Monitorar a qualidade da dieta e seus fatores associados em residentes do município de São Paulo em 2003 e 2008. Métodos: Estudo transversal de base populacional de uma amostra de 2376 indivíduos coletados em 2003 e 1662 indivíduos coletados em 2008, de ambos os sexos, com idade de 12 anos ou mais, incluídos no Inquérito de Saúde de São Paulo, ISA-Capital. A amostragem é probabilística em dois estágios: setor censitário e domicílio. Características da população foram obtidas por meio de questionário e o consumo alimentar pelo Método Recordatório de 24 horas. A qualidade da dieta foi avaliada por meio do Índice de Qualidade da Dieta Revisado (IQD-R) de acordo com a realidade local segundo as diretrizes do Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira e, posteriormente, avaliado. As médias dos escores do IQD-R foram comparadas segundo grupo etário e ano de estudo por meio do teste de Wald. A relação entre o escore do IQD-R e as variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas, antropométricas e de estilo de vida foi verificada utilizando a análise de regressão linear múltipla, sendo realizada uma modelagem para cada ano de estudo (ISA 2003 e 2008). Resultados: A média do IQD-R em cinco anos apresentou melhora (IQD-R= 54,9 vs 56,4, p<0,005). Porém, os adolescentes apresentaram piora na qualidade da dieta, influenciada pela diminuição na pontuação dos componentes vegetais verde-escuros e alaranjados e leguminosas, cereais totais, óleos e Gord_AA. Para os adultos e idosos, a qualidade da dieta melhorou, influenciada pelo aumento na pontuação dos componentes frutas totais e frutas integrais, gordura saturada e sódio. No ano de 2008, ser adulto, em média, aumentou o escore do IQD-R em 6,1 pontos em relação aos adolescentes; já para os idosos esta diferença foi de 11,3 pontos. Conclusão: O Índice mostrou-se capaz de detectar alterações na qualidade da dieta da população ao longo do tempo, trazendo evidências da urgente necessidade do direcionamento das ações para melhoria da qualidade da dieta dos brasileiros em todas as classes de renda, priorizando os adolescentes para prevenção de futuras doenças crônicas / Introduction: The monitoring of diet quality has been used as a guide to evaluate public policies in developed countries, but in Brazil there are few epidemiological researches with such characteristics. Objective: To monitor the diet quality and the associated factors of residents from the city of São Paulo in the years of 2003 and 2008. Methods: Cross-sectional population-based survey of a sample with 2376 individuals collected in 2003, and another sample with 1662 individuals collected in 2008. The individuals were from both sexes, 12 years of age or older and were part of the Health Survey of São Paulo, ISA-Capital. Sampling is probabilistic in two stages: census tract and households. The population characteristics were obtained through a questionnaire, and the food intake was obtained using the 24 Hour Recall Method. Diet quality was assessed using the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index Revised (BHEI-R), taking into consideration the reality of the area according to the Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population, and later, it was evaluated. The means of the BHEI-R scores were compared according to age group and school years by means of the Wald test. The relation between the BHEI-R scores and the socioeconomic, demographic, anthropometric and lifestyle variables was verified using the multiple linear regression analysis, with a model for each year of the study (ISA 2003 and 2008). Results: The BHEI-R mean showed improvement over the period of five years (BHEI-R =54.9 vs 56.4, p<0.005). However, the adolescent group showed worsening in diet quality, influenced by decrease in scores of dark-green and orange vegetable and legumes, total grain, oils and SoFAAS components. Diet quality of adults and elderly showed improvement, influenced by the increase in scores of total fruit and whole fruit, saturated fat and sodium. In the year of 2008, being an adult increased by 6.1 points, on average, the BHEI-R scores when compared to adolescents. For the elderly this difference was of 11.3 points. Conclusion: The index showed itself effective in detecting changes in diet quality of the population over a period of time. It brings up evidences of the urgent need in directing actions for improving Brazilian diet quality for all social classes, focusing on adolescents, in order for preventing future chronic diseases

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-07-22T13:08:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 fabianaalmeidadasilva.pdf: 1594039 bytes, checksum: 77b77016a1e251abcae4fd0a6aa49147 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-22T15:42:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fabianaalmeidadasilva.pdf: 1594039 bytes, checksum: 77b77016a1e251abcae4fd0a6aa49147 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-22T15:42:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fabianaalmeidadasilva.pdf: 1594039 bytes, checksum: 77b77016a1e251abcae4fd0a6aa49147 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-18 / Introdução: As doenças cardiovasculares representam a principal causa de morbidade e mortalidade mundial e seu desenvolvimento se associa a comportamentos alimentares. Objetivos: Investigar a relação entre a frequência de refeições diárias e o hábito de consumo do café da manhã (CM) com fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares (FRC) em crianças e adolescentes. Métodos: Realizou-se estudo transversal com uma amostra de 708 escolares (7 a 14 anos) residentes na cidade de Juiz de Fora, MG. Um questionário semiestruturado foi aplicado para coleta de variáveis demográficas, socioeconômicas e comportamentais. Para a obtenção do consumo diário de energia foram utilizados recordatórios alimentares de 24 horas e registros alimentares de três dias. Medidas de peso, altura, gordura corporal, perímetro da cintura e pressão arterial também foram realizadas. Por fim, coletaram-se amostras de sangue para análises de colesterol total (CT), lipoproteína de baixa (LDL) e de alta densidade (HDL), triglicerídeos e glicemia. A normalidade dos dados foi verificada pelo teste Kolmogorov-Smirnov e o teste de Mann-Whitney foi utilizado para verificar diferenças significativas nos valores de medidas de tendência central. Além disso, modelos de regressão de Poisson foram construídos para avaliar o quanto os comportamentos alimentares foram associados aos FRC. Resultados: Realizar ≥ 4 refeições diárias foi mais prevalente entre as crianças que entre os adolescentes (80,1% vs. 68,8%, p= 0,003) e mais prevalente entre o sexo masculino em comparação ao sexo feminino (77,9% vs. 66,6%, p= 0,001). Frequência de refeições < 4 se associaram, em crianças, a renda familiar < 3 salários (p= 0,021) e em adolescentes, ao número de filhos na família > 2 (p= 0,010). Ainda na faixa etária de 10 a 14 anos, < 4 refeições se relacionou a maior prevalência de excesso de peso (p= 0,032) e LDL (p= 0,030) elevados, após ajustes. Omitir o CM foi mais comum entre os adolescentes em comparação com as crianças (30,0% vs. 22,0%; p = 0,035) e entre as meninas em comparação com os meninos (33,1% vs. 22,1%; p = 0,001). Após ajustes, a omissão do CM se associou, em crianças, a valores aumentados de pressão arterial diastólica (p= 0,003), CT (p= 0,001) e LDL (p< 0,001) e em adolescentes, não foram encontradas associações. Conclusão: Comportamentos alimentares como maiores frequências de refeições diárias e consumo do CM estão relacionados à FRC, em crianças e adolescentes e devem ser considerados em discussões e ações de promoção à saúde. / Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and its development is associated with eating habits. Objectives: Investigate the relationship between the frequency of meals and breakfast consumption habit (CM) with risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CRF) in children and adolescents. Methods: A crosssectional study with a sample of 708 schoolchildren (7-14 years) living in the city of Juiz de Fora, MG. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic, behavioral and relating to eating habits variables. To obtain the daily energy intake were used food 24hour recalls and food records three days. Weight, height, body fat, waist circumference and blood pressure were also performed. Finally, they collected blood samples for analysis of total cholesterol (TC), low lipoprotein (LDL) and high density (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose levels. Data normality was verified by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the MannWhitney test was used to identify significant differences in the values of central tendency. Moreover, Poisson regression models were constructed to evaluate how dietary habits were associated with the CRF. Results: Perform ≥ 4 meals was more prevalent among children than among adolescents (80.1% vs. 68.8%, p = 0.003) and more prevalent among males compared to females (77.9% vs. 66.6%, p = 0.001). Meal frequency < 4 were associated in children, family income < 3 minimum wages (p = 0.021) and in adolescents, the number of children in the family > 2 (p = 0.010). Even in the age group 10-14 years < 4 meals was related to associated with increased prevalence of overweight (p = 0.032) and LDL (p = 0.030) higher, after adjustments. Omit the CM was more common among adolescents compared to children (30.0% vs. 22.0%; p = 0.035) and among girls compared to boys (33.1% vs. 22.1%; p = 0.001). After adjustments, the omission of breakfast was associated in children, increased levels of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p = 0.003), CT (p = 0.001) and LDL (p <0.001) and in adolescents, associations were not found. Conclusion: Dietary habits as higher frequency of daily meals and CM consumption are related to the CRF, in children and adolescents and should be considered in discussions and health promotion actions.

The school space emerges as a conducive environment for the implementation of health education programs that promote healthy eating habits since they can influence both in children and in their families. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of a nutrition education program on growth, nutritional status, eating habits and knowledge of food and hygiene in school 2nd and 3rd year of municipal schools in the city of Santa Maria/RS. Intervention study of 83 schoolchildren between 6 and 10 years of age, 50.6% girls in a municipal school in Santa Maria, from March to July 2012. It was performed anthropometry and administered a questionnaire on dietary habits and knowledge of healthy eating and hygiene, before and after eight meetings, addressing: Origin of Food, Stimulate Production of kitchen garden ( Horta ), Hygiene and Food Handling, Encouraging consumption of fruits and vegetables, Going to the Supermarket and Food, Production Workshop. For statistical analysis we used frequency distribution, mean, median (after evaluation of the normality of the variables using the Shapiro Wilk test), Student's t test, Fisher's exact and Wilcoxon, considering a significance level of p <0.05. The median weight, height, BMI, waist circumference and weight Z-score was higher in the post-intervention. Were eutrophic and overweight, respectively, 72.3% and 25.3% of students, rising to 65.1% and 33.7%, at reassessment (p<0.001). There was an increase of the habit of eating breakfast (from 69.9 to 71.1%), eating bread (from 59.0 to 69.9%), dairy products (71.1 to 77.1%) and vegetables (53.0 to 59.0%), and there was a reduction in exchanging lunch and dinner with a snack, meals while watching television (63.9% to 47.0%), soft drink consumption (62, 6% to 38.5%), artificial juice (from 51.8% to 34.9%) and sweets intake (from 55.4% to 36.1%). The mean total score on the questionnaire about dietary habits fell from 32.1 to 33.2 points (p<0.05). In both evaluations no schoolchildren was rated as having poor eating habits and an increase in the percentage of children with great eating habits (18.1% to 36.1%). There was an improvement in the hits about food and hygiene knowledge, but with significant difference only in knowledge about the origin of food (from 73.5% to 91.6%). It is concluded that the tendency to excess body weight remained in school, while education for healthy eating has resulted in improvement in knowledge and eating habits which emphasizes the importance of these programs in schools elementary level. / O espaço escolar surge como um ambiente propício para a aplicação de programas de educação em saúde que promovam hábitos alimentares saudáveis, uma vez que eles podem exercer influência tanto na criança como na sua família. Desta forma, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos de um programa de educação nutricional sobre o crescimento, estado nutricional, hábitos alimentares e conhecimento sobre alimentação e higiene em escolares do 2º e 3º ano de escolas municipais da cidade de Santa Maria/RS. Estudo de intervenção com 83 escolares, entre 6 e 10 anos de idade, sendo 50,6% meninas, realizado de março a julho de 2012. Avaliada a antropometria e aplicado questionário sobre hábitos alimentares e conhecimento de alimentação saudável e higiene, antes e após a realização de oito encontros abordando: Origem dos Alimentos, Estímulo a Produção de Horta, Higiene e Manipulação dos Alimentos, Estímulo ao consumo de frutas e verduras, Indo ao Supermercado e Oficina de Produção de alimento. Para a análise estatística utilizou-se distribuição de frequências, média, mediana (após avaliação da normalidade das variáveis pelo teste de Shapiro Wilk), Teste t-Student, Exato de Fisher e Wilcoxon, considerando nível de significância de p<0,05. A mediana de peso, estatura, IMC, circunferência da cintura e Z-escore do peso foi maior na pós-intervenção. Eram eutróficos e com excesso de peso, respectivamente, 72,3% e 25,3% dos escolares, passando para 65,1% e 33,7%, na reavaliação (p< 0,001). Houve aumento do hábito de tomar café da manhã (de 69,9 para 71,1%), ingerir pão (de 59,0 para 69,9%), leite e derivados (de 71,1para 77,1%) e verduras e legumes (de 53,0para 59,0%), além de diminuição da troca do almoço e jantar por lanche, refeições em frente à televisão (de 63,9% para 47,0%), consumo de refrigerantes (de 62,6% para 38,5%), suco artificial (de 51,8% para 34,9%) e consumo de doces (de 55,4% para 36,1%). A média da pontuação total obtida no questionário sobre hábito alimentar passou de 32,1 para 33,2 pontos (p<0,05). Em ambas as avaliações nenhum escolar foi classificado com mau hábito alimentar e houve aumento dos com ótimo na reavaliação (de 18,1% para 36,1%). Melhoraram os acertos no conhecimento sobre alimentação e higiene, mas com diferença significante somente no conhecimento sobre a origem dos alimentos (de 73,5% para 91,6%). Conclui-se a tendência ao excesso de peso corporal nos escolares se manteve, embora a educação para alimentação saudável tenha resultado em melhoria no conhecimento e nos hábitos alimentares o que enfatiza a importância destes programas nas escolas de nível fundamental.

This diploma thesis focuses on the nutritional status of patients with colorectal cancer. In the theoretical part I describe the incidence, risk factors of colorectal cancer, clinical manifestations, diagnostics, individual types of anticancer therapies, their side effects and dietary recommendations for individual gastrointestinal side effects of anticancer therapy. In the theoretical part I also focus on malnutrition and nutritional support in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Also important is the prevention of colorectal cancer, which is described in the last section. The aim of the research is to compare the eating habits and lifestyle of patients with colorectal cancer before the diagnosis and during the therapy. The second objective is to compare the weight of the patients before the diagnosis and therapy and to find out the most common causes of weight loss in anticancer therapy. The third objective is to find out whether patients who have had a sipping support during their anticancer therapy will regain their weight compared to patients who did not. The research was conducted through a questionnaire survey. A total of 55 oncology patients with colorectal cancer diagnosis were present. The research was conducted in two hospitals in oncology departments and oncological ambulances. The...

Background: The purpose of this phenomenological study is to explore the existing research on the determinants and influential factors of eating decisions made by Aboriginal peoples and provide insight from the perspective of Aboriginal peoples living off-reserve in Ottawa, Ontario. Methods: This study was comprised of a convenience sample of 12 Aboriginal individuals from a local Aboriginal community centre. Participants were asked to conduct a personal food diary of their meals for a period of 3 days, followed by a one-on-one semi-structured interview. The interviews were designed to explore: 1) knowledge and perspectives of healthy eating 2) knowledge and perspectives of Health Canada’s Eating Well with Canada’s Food Guide – First Nations, Inuit and Métis, 3) perception of influential factors 4) self-efficacy and 5) common barriers in making food choices. Results: 1) Except for the senior participants, healthy food knowledge did not translate into healthy food choices for most participants; 2) Most participants had not seen a copy of the Eating Well with Canada’s Food Guide – First Nations, Inuit and Métis, and all participants felt they were not influenced by it when making eating decisions; 3) The main themes of influential factors were concluded to be: taste preference, availability, convenience, “had no choice”, health reasons, “easy to make”, low in cost, following a diet or “food schedule,” hunger or thirst, “needed something quick”, nearby location (of store or restaurant), being tired or lazy and being in a routine; 4) Most participants perceived themselves as having control over their eating decisions regardless of situational factors and level of motivation varied between participants; 5) Time, financial constraints, having a busy schedule and being unprepared for meals were identified as possible barriers. Conclusions: Either version of the food guide should be developed into a more flexible and convenient tool such as a mobile application. Local community centres should consider providing workshops in food preparation, and to strengthen skills such as understanding food labels of market foods to ease the transition to living off-reserve. Future Implications: Policy makers at the federal, provincial and municipal levels should work together and strengthen their communication strategies in order to coordinate the development and implementation of future interventions.

Title: Eating habits of children in sports primary schools Objectives: The aim of the diploma thesis is to find out and compare the eating habits of selected children from sports and non-sports classes at primary schools with a sports focus. Methods: In the research part, a survey was chosen, the aim of which was to obtain the necessary information regarding the eating habits of a selected group of students. A total of 208 respondents aged 10-15 participated in the survey. Results: The obtained average BMI values of all respondents are below the 75th percentile, which indicates the values of optimal and proportional body weight. We found different eating habits between respondents of sports and non-sports classes. Respondents from non-sports classes have worse eating habits than respondents from sports classes. However, surprising differences were evaluated in the possibilities of spending free time. A total of 39.6% of respondents spend time at the weekend at home or in other activities, such as watching television. Of this, 22.6% are respondents from sports classes, which is more than respondents from non- sports classes (17.1%). A total of 60.4% of respondents engage in sports activities in their free time, where respondents from non-sports classes are more represented (31.2%). Keywords:...

Title: The individual training plan for football player. Goals: To diagnose muscle imbalances and mitigate their effects. To find out and modify the eating regime of the reference proband, to reduce a percentage of body fat. Methods: Laboratory tests. The physical and nutritional intervention. The evaluation of results through analysis and comparison of input, kontrol and output of laboratory tests, expert assessments from kinesiological analysis and interviews with the proband and his parents. Results: A significant reduction of muscle imbalances by stretching shortened muscles and muscle groups. A slight strengthening of flabby muscle groups along with a partial modification of comfortable posture. A slight decrease of body fat and improved eating habits. Keywords: Individual plan, compensatory exercise, muscle imbalances, shortened muscles, healthy diet, eating habits.

“Comfort Food – Comfortable for Who?” – Questions the true comfort of our eating habits, critically addressing our prevalent unsustainable animal-based food cultures by exploring genuine comfort food through design. In my process I have researched why our eating habits are so hard to change, from our psychological attachment to meat to the patriarchal foundation of our food cultures. By exploring the medium of food and cooking as design practice, I have encountered how essential the element of comfort is to human’s eating experience. Resulting in an approach to plant-based eating where the essential comfort factors of our food cultures meet the beyond-human comfort needs.

An exploration of the idea that tangible change could be made in the world when norms are unsettled rather than reinforced or left untouched. Bloom focuses on creating a space for the individual to re-define the outdated, toxic norms surrounding masculinity to explore ‘what men can be’. This is tied into questioning ‘what food can be’ — now and in the future — in relation to the norm of consuming animal food products in western societies. In collaboration with people who have actively reduced their meat consumption or identify as plant based or vegan, I have aspired to use my practice as a visual communicator to illustrate connections and reveal hidden narratives of these individuals who are already challenging these norms as change agents within society. The outcome is the Bloom Box — an interactive box containing their stories visualised with ‘out of the norm’ plant foods.