Submitted by Marcos Tadeu Ferreira Montes (marcostadeumontes@yahoo.com.br) on 2010-08-03T20:57:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Variacoes do ativo e retorno das acoes no mercado de capitais brasileiro.pdf: 418226 bytes, checksum: 8a63eada37a2db0f2b20c49c29d7a5e6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vitor Souza(vitor.souza@fgv.br) on 2010-08-03T20:59:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Variacoes do ativo e retorno das acoes no mercado de capitais brasileiro.pdf: 418226 bytes, checksum: 8a63eada37a2db0f2b20c49c29d7a5e6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2010-08-04T19:39:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Variacoes do ativo e retorno das acoes no mercado de capitais brasileiro.pdf: 418226 bytes, checksum: 8a63eada37a2db0f2b20c49c29d7a5e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-28 / The finance literature has been found many relations between financial multiples and stock returns. We test the relation between asset growth and stock returns for the Brazilian capital market. Panel regressions were made to verify if this relations still significant in an emerging market like Brazil. The ability of asset growth as a predictor of stock returns was compared with other relevant financial multiples known in literature. / A literatura de finanças tem encontrado diversas relações entre indicadores financeiros e o retorno de ações. Testamos a relação entre variação dos ativos totais e o retorno das ações para o mercado de capitais brasileiro. Foram realizadas regressões em painéis para testar se esta relação permanece válida mesmo em uma economia emergente como a do Brasil. Comparou-se a capacidade previsora da variação do ativo total com outros indicadores financeiros conhecidos na literatura

The objective of diploma thesis is about to define a value of a international group AAA Auto Group N. V. which operates on the czech, slovak and russian market with used cars and analysis of an ability to increase shareholder's value in the future. It is structured as an expert opinion. It defines purpose, subject and exact date of valuation, valuation method's overview, strategic (macro and micro) and financial group analysis on the main markets. Consolidated financial plan was created as a prediction with a quick financial analysis. Group was evaluated by three discounted-based method - free cash flow to firm, free cash flow to equity, discounted economic value added as they were compared to market capitalization method. Final group value AAA Auto Group N. V. to 7th of December 2012 was defined by free cash flow to equity method and compared to market capitalization method, which is determined by the market.

Abstract Title: Direct and indirect effect of notes – for actors in a stock market Background: Notes make up a significant part of the company´s annual report, but does this information have any major impact? On one side, notes should lead to less information asymmetry, which positively affects the stock market and financial analysts forecasting precision as well as this relationship depends on different contexts. The question is also asked if all information presented in the notes is too extensive, which creates information overload for financial analysts. Purpose: The purpose is to explain the effects of more information in accounting notes for actors in equity markets in different contexts that have the same accounting standard. Method: The study applies a cross-sectional design together with a deductive approach to investigate whether the amount of note information has a relationship with financial analysts forecasting precision, stock volatility and stock liquidity. For these relationships, moderating effects will also be tested. The hypotheses arose through theories of asymmetric information, effective market hypothesis, cognitive load theory and system-orientated theories. Conclusion: The study rejects the relationship between note information and errors in financial analyst forecast, stock volatility as well as stock liquidity. However, the results show a significant positive relationship between note information and error in forecasting precision. Financial analyst forecasting precision show that the relationship is affected by three different contexts. Despite the relationship between note information and stock liquidity were rejected when tested on the overall sample is the relationship affected by two different contexts. / Sammanfattning Titel: Direkta och indirekta effekter av noter - För aktörer på en aktiemarknad Bakgrund: Noter utgör en väsentlig del av företags årsredovisning men har den informationen någon större påverkan? På ena sidan bör noter leda till mindre informationsasymmetri, vilket påverkar aktiemarknaden och finansiella analytikers prognosprecision positivt samt att detta samband även beror på olika kontexter. Frågan ställs även ifall informationen som presenteras i notavsnittet är för omfattande, vilket skapar informationsöverbelastning för finansiella analytiker. Syfte: Syftet är att förklara effekten av ökad delgivande av information i redovisningsnoter på aktörer på aktiemarknaden i olika kontexter som tillämpar samma redovisningsstandard. Metod: Studien tillämpar en tvärrsnittsdesign tillsammans med en deduktiv ansats för att undersöka ifall mängden notinformation har något samband med finansiella analytikers prognosprecision, aktievolatilitet och aktielikviditet För dessa samband testas även modererande effekter. Hypoteserna uppstod genom teorierna asymmetrisk information, effektiva marknadshypotesen, kognitiv belastningsteori och systemorienterade teorier. Slutsats: Studien förkastar sambandet mellan notinformation och fel i prognosprecision, aktievolatilitet och aktielikviditet. Däremot visar resultatet ett positivt signifikant samband mellan notinformation och fel i prognosprecision. Finansiella analytikers prognosprecision uppvisar även att sambandet påverkas av tre olika kontexter. Trots att sambandet mellan notinformation och aktielikviditet förkastas när den testas på en övergripande nivå, påverkas sambandet av två olika kontexter.

Infrastructure consists of facilities and services that are considered essential to the functioning and economic productivity of society (Preqin, 2022). The rapid economic growth over the past decades has led to an increase in the demand for fundamental functions such as energy, telecommunications, and transportation. Increases in infrastructure investments are required on a global scale, not only to support economic growth globally, but also to help fulfill the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Despite the large demand for infrastructure investments globally, planned governmental investments in infrastructure are not enough to bridge the gap. In order to bridge the infrastructure investment gap, there is a need for institutional investors to intervene, both in private and public markets. However, investors need to be able to assess how the market is performing as well as have accessible investment products that are linked to the infrastructure asset class. The quality of such investment products is dependent on the indices they are linked to, making it essential that infrastructure indices reflect the asset class in the way investors expect them to. Therefore, there is a need to assess the performance of existing infrastructure indices as well as to find a methodology for constructing a new index that more accurately fulfills investor expectations. This thesis compares three existing infrastructure indices in terms of three investment characteristics that investors look for in infrastructure investments: risk adjusted returns, inflation hedging properties, and stability during market downturns. These characteristics are evaluated by measuring the sharpe ratio, correlation with the consumer price index, and downmarket capture ratio. The thesis also proposes a methodology for finding an index that more accurately represents the infrastructure asset class in terms of the three aforementioned investment characteristics. The methodology is based on parameter optimization to find the set of inclusion criteria that maximizes performance. The thesis finds that the infrastructure indices are adequate in terms of risk adjusted returns and inflation hedging properties, but that they do not show consistent performance during down markets. It is concluded that existing indices are somewhat sufficient in what they set out to do, but that there is room for improvement in capturing the desired characteristics. The results of the thesis also indicate that a new index that more accurately represents the infrastructure asset class can be constructed by implementing inclusion criteria based on filters related to financial ratios associated with infrastructure companies, such as fixed asset turnover and dividend yield. In conclusion, an index with a minimum dividend yield criterion and a maximum fixed asset turnover ratio criterion can be constructed to more accurately capture the key characteristics of the infrastructure asset class. / Infrastruktur består av anläggningar och tjänster som anses väsentliga för samhället (Preqin, 2022). Den stora ekonomiska tillväxten under de senaste årtiondena har lett till ökad efterfrågan på grundläggande funktioner som energi, telekommunikation och transport. Ökade infrastrukturinvesteringar krävs globalt, inte bara för att stödja tillväxt utan också för att hjälpa till att uppfylla FN:s mål för hållbar utveckling (SDG). Trots den stora efterfrågan på infrastrukturinvesteringar globalt räcker inte planerade statliga investeringar i infrastruktur för att överbrygga klyftan. För att kunna möta behovet av infrastrukturinvesteringar behöver investerare ingripa, både på privata och publika marknader. Investerare behöver dock kunna bedöma hur marknaden presterar samt ha tillgängliga investeringsprodukter som är kopplade till infrastruktur som tillgångsklass. Kvaliteten på sådana investeringsprodukter är beroende av vilka index de är kopplade till, och därmed är det viktigt att infrastrukturindex speglar tillgångsklassen i enlighet med investerares förväntningar. Därmed finns det ett behov av att bedöma hur nuvarande infrastrukturindex presterar samt eventuellt att hitta en metod för att konstruera ett nytt index som bättre uppfyller investerarnas förväntningar. Denna avhandling jämför tre befintliga infrastrukturindex i termer av tre investeringsegenskaper som investerare söker i infrastrukturinvesteringar: riskjusterad avkastning, inflationsskyddande egenskaper och stabilitet under nedgångar på marknaden. Dessa egenskaper utvärderas genom att mäta sharpe ratio, korrelation med ett konsumentprisindex, samt down market capture ratio. Avhandlingen föreslår också en metodik för att hitta ett index som bättre representerarinfrastruktur som tillgångsklass i termer av de tre ovan nämnda investeringsegenskaperna. Metodiken är baserad på parameteroptimering för att hitta den uppsättning inklusionskriterier som maximerar indexets prestation.Avhandlingen konstaterar att infrastrukturindexen är tillräckliga i termer av riskjusterad avkastning och inflationssäkrande egenskaper, men att de inte uppvisar konsekvent prestation under marknadsnedgångar. Slutsatsen som dras är att de nuvarande indexen delvis är tillräckliga i det de avser uppfylla, men att det finns utrymme för förbättringar. Resultaten av avhandlingen indikerar också att ett nytt index som mer träffsäkert representerar infrastruktur som tillgångsklass kan konstrueras genom att implementera inklusionskriterier baserade på filter relaterade till finansiella nyckeltal förknippade med infrastrukturföretag, såsom omsättning av anläggningstillgångar och direktavkastning. Sammanfattningsvis kan ett index med ett minimimumkriterium för direktavkastning och maximumkriterium för omsättning av anläggningstillgångar konstrueras för att mer träffsäkert fånga viktiga egenskaper hos infrastruktur som tillgångsklass.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T18:39:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Camila Rocha Tafarello Securato.pdf: 4595294 bytes, checksum: 38e330e48c945f07be8b4d41b0cec9cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-17 / Since the creation, in 2000, of Bovespa s Novo Mercado and its access levels, most existing shareholders in an Initial Public Offer (IPO) are subject to a lockup period in which they cannot sell their shares for a pre specified time immediately after the IPO (typically 180 days). This thesis investigate whether the shares of companies listed on the Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo (BM&FBovespa) present abnormal return due to the expiration of an IPO lockup, in the period from 2000 to 2010. By the method of event study, we examine 77 share lockup agreements that prevent existing shareholders from selling their shares. When lockups expire, we find a statistically prominent cumulative abnormal return around the event window when the firm in the sample is financed by private equities and also for the firms in the sample that operates in the infrastructure sector / Desde a criação do Novo Mercado da Bovespa e de seus níveis de acesso em 2000, a maioria das Ofertas Públicas Inicias de Ações passou a estabelecer acordos específicos de lockup que impedem os acionistas controladores e administradores das empresas emissoras de vender e/ou ofertar suas ações ou derivativos dessas ações por um período predeterminado imediatamente após a oferta (geralmente 180 dias). O objetivo desta dissertação foi investigar se as ações das companhias listadas na Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo (BM&FBovespa) apresentam retorno anormal em virtude do vencimento do período de lockup de um IPO, no período de 2000 a 2010. Pelo método do estudo de eventos, examinaram-¬‐se 77 acordos de lockup que vedam os acionistas existentes de vender suas ações. Ao vencimento dos lockups, verificou-¬‐se a existência de retornos anormais acumulados negativos estatisticamente significantes em torno da janela do evento para as empresas da amostra que tinham como acionistas fundos de private equity e também para as empresas da amostra que atuam no setor de infraestrutura

本論文以77年1月至87年12月為研究期間，選擇這段期間的97家上市公司作為研究樣本。首先探討四種分析指標，淨值/市價比、益本比、市價/銷貨比、企業價值/銷貨比作為投資指標的報酬表現與適用時機；另以三種因子利用迴歸模型預測股價報酬組成投資組合，檢視在未來是否有好的績效表現。本研究實證結果如下: 1、 淨值/市價比是一個好的投資指標，在半年期投資期間與一年投 資期間，高淨值/市價比組合的風險調整後報酬率皆超越低淨值/市價比的組合，而以一年持有期間與多頭時期此情況更為明顯。 2、 低益本比組合報酬率在多頭時期明顯大於高益本比組別，而，而在空頭時期則不明顯。 3、 低價格/銷貨比組合風險調整後報酬率優於高價格/銷貨比組合，而其中以一年為投資期間績效表現較好。 4、 低企業價值/銷貨比組合表現比高企業價值/銷貨比組合好，其中以一年持有的投資績效較好；市價/銷貨比與企業價值/銷貨比投資時機類似，但市價/銷貨比較企業價值/銷貨比更能區分未來股票表現良窳，亦即企業價值/銷貨比的表現並不如市價/銷貨比。 5、 多因子迴歸模型並不能準確預測股票未來表現；高預測報酬組合表現並不如預期，反而是低預測報酬的投資組合表現較為良好。可能是變數解釋能力不夠所致。 第一章 緒論 第一節 研究背景與動機…………………………………………1 第二節 研究目的…………………………………………………3 第三節 研究內容與流程…………………………………………3 第二章 文獻探討 第一節 國外文獻探討………………………………………….…5 第二節 國內文獻探討……………………………………………11 第三章 研究設計與方法 第一節 研究設計………………… …………………….……16 第二節 研究方法…………………………………….……………19 第四章 實證分析 第一節 淨值/市價比法………………………………….………27 第二節 益本比法……………………………………….…………37 第三節 市價/銷貨收入比法………………………………………46 第四節 企業價值/銷貨收入比法…………………………………56 第五節 多因子分析模型.…………………………………………65 第六節 單因子方法比較與投資策略……………………….……71 第七節 投資組合風險控管-風險值研究…………………………75 第五章 結論與建議 第一節 結論………………………………………………….……83 第二節 研究限制…………………………………………………84 第二節 建議……………………………………………….………84 參考文獻 附錄一：研究樣本……………………………………………………A-1 附錄二：淨值/市價比（BE/ME）半年期及一年期各期結果………B-1 附錄三：益本比（E/P）比半年期及一年期各期結果………………C-1 附錄四：市價銷貨比(P/S)半年期及一年期各期結果………………D-1 附錄五：企業價值/銷貨收入比（E/S）比半年期及一年期各期結果.E-1

This Study uses a period between 1939-2017 to analyse calendar anomalies on the Swedish equity market. We test whether calendar anomalies’ return deviates from the return of ordinary trading days. Our result shows that the day of the week effect, weekend effect, turn of the year, turn of the month and holiday effect have had an impact on the daily rate of return, both domestic and abroad. Similar to international markets the calendar anomalies in Sweden start to be less prominent during 1980’s. Also, our result displays that, since the 1970’s, UK holidays have had a negative impact on the daily return in Sweden. In contrast, American holidays have since the 2010’s had a positive impact. Turn of the year and turn of the month in Sweden have been more clustered around the first trading day of the year and month, compared to studies on other equity markets. Negative returns on Tuesdays, rather than Mondays, do also distinguish Sweden’s equity market relative to other markets.

Submitted by Gustavo de Faro Colen Nunes (gustavocolennunes@gmail.com) on 2013-02-28T19:45:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MODELO DA DINÂMICA DE UM LIVRO DE ORDENS PARA APLICAÇÕES EM HIGH-FREQUENCY TRADING.pdf: 1769569 bytes, checksum: fcb41165f230caf02656cf7b8a709951 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzinei Teles Garcia Garcia (suzinei.garcia@fgv.br) on 2013-02-28T21:30:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MODELO DA DINÂMICA DE UM LIVRO DE ORDENS PARA APLICAÇÕES EM HIGH-FREQUENCY TRADING.pdf: 1769569 bytes, checksum: fcb41165f230caf02656cf7b8a709951 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-03-01T11:06:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MODELO DA DINÂMICA DE UM LIVRO DE ORDENS PARA APLICAÇÕES EM HIGH-FREQUENCY TRADING.pdf: 1769569 bytes, checksum: fcb41165f230caf02656cf7b8a709951 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-01 / As operações de alta frequência (High-Frequency Trading - HFT) estão crescendo cada vez mais na BOVESPA (Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo), porém seu volume ainda se encontra muito atrás do volume de operações similares realizadas em outras bolsas de relevância internacional. Este trabalho pretende criar oportunidades para futuras aplicações e pesquisas nesta área. Visando aplicações práticas, este trabalho foca na aplicação de um modelo que rege a dinâmica do livro de ordens a dados do mercado brasileiro. Tal modelo é construído com base em informações do próprio livro de ordens, apenas. Depois de construído o modelo, o mesmo é utilizado em uma simulação de uma estratégia de arbitragem estatística de alta frequência. A base de dados utilizada para a realização deste trabalho é constituída pelas ordens lançadas na BOVESPA para a ação PETR4. / High-frequency trading (HFT) are increasingly growing on BOVESPA (São Paulo Stock Exchange), but their volume is still far behind the volume of similar operations performed on other internationally relevant exchange markets. The main objective of this work is to create opportunities for future research and applications in this area. Aiming at practical applications, this work focuses on applying a model that governs the dynamics of the order book to the Brazilian market. This model is built based in the information of the order book alone. After building the model, a high frequency statistical arbitrage strategy is simulated to validate the model. The database used for this work consists on the orders posted on the equity PETR4 in BOVESPA.

The aim of this thesis is to show how the unconventional monetary policy rounds of Quantitative Easing introduced in the United States between 2008 and 2014 have led to an increase in wealth inequality. The need for the thesis arises due to the uncharted nature of QE and because of more and more information is surfacing to light which points to this connection. By analysing the distribution of these funds and adding it to the then base distribution of money supply, this study was able to determine a significant 10 % increase in the Gini Index. Furthermore it highlights how a large portion of wealth was transferred from the middle class over to the top 5 % income households. Starting from a set of assumptions the calculation is performed by extrapolating the data required and by isolating the system from any external variables. The result is a theoretical model meant to describe the mechanism that links Quantitative Easing to wealth inequality. Moreover a detailed comparison is provided with the effect of a conventional monetary policy such as Open-Market Operations. Finally solutions to this issue are being discussed from economical, political and fiscal standpoints.

The aim of my thesis is to estimate market value of the company PRAGOPROJEKT, a.s. on the date 1st January, 2010. The work is divided in 5 main parts. The first part begins with an overview of basic information about the company. After that strategic analysis and financial analysis have been done. Strategic analysis defines relevant market and gives the company forecast of the sales. Financial analysis verifies the financial health of companies valued and reveals their financial risks alternatively. In the third part generators of value have been analysed and predicted. On the basis of the generators of value the complete financial plan has been set up. Finally, the DCF valuation methods Equity and the market comparison have been implemented.