Abstract Purpose: The purpose is to try to map todays research in the subject field, structure the problems dealt with and compile the empirical results obtained. In expectation of creating new moods of thought, approaches and ideas. Method: Secondary analyses on relevante literature Main results: The usage of Internet will continue to increase, new habits will develop, the Internet will develop more and more to a hobby, the usage of Internet functions will increase. Keywords: Youth, Internet usage, Social changes, Everyday life, New styles of communications, New habits and experiences.

In this explorative study internet dating is studied as shared commitment to a common collective activity. Focus is on social formative emotions and internet dating in the rhythm of everyday life. The study is based on an interactionist theory/method package related to grounded theory and situational analysis. Sixty-eight participants of a Swedish internet dating site have been interviewed by e-mail. Fifteen of these interviews were followed up by a second one. Internet dating mainly occurs during evenings at home. It is kept separate from other commitments in daily life, such as work, as collisions of activities might lead to emotional and tension-ridden situations. The essential social process involved in internet dating is searching for a future someone/something. This process is given strength by the future- and action-oriented emotion of hope of happiness. The future is represented in imagination by talk about sought for emotions. The internet daters want to end their commitment to internet dating, while the internet dating company, for economic reasons, wants them to continue with the activity. The internet daters learn to manage their spontaneous emotions; they learn not to show "too much" future-oriented emotions. Instead a "relaxed" attitude, based on the present, is encouraged among participants. The act of imagining and searching for a future someone/something is formalized and organized by means of internet dating sites. Emotions are thus being commercialized in the interest of the internet dating company.

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The overall aim of this thesis was to explore informal caregivers’ daily life with particular focus on those living with a spouse who has Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in different grades, mild to severe, based on the ill person’s main concern. The study design was explorative, comparative and descriptive. The thesis included a literature review of 45 scientific articles and semi-structured interviews with 23 patients suffering from COPD, and 21 women and 19 men living with a spouse suffering from COPD. Data were analysed using content analysis, grounded theory, and phenomenography. Main findings: Men and women living with a spouse suffering from mild COPD did not experience changes in their daily life, and were not in need of support. It was when the COPD gradually escalated that their daily life was affected and they needed support. The caregiving women conceived that their daily life was socially restricted, they had changed roles, changes in health and changes in the couple’s relationship. The caregiving men’s daily life was conceived as burdened, restricted and the partner relationship was affected. The men’s attitude was to continue with their own life and own activities, and their approach to their caregiving situation was to view themselves as “Me and my spouse”. The main concern for people suffering from COPD was feelings of guilt due to self-inflicted disease associated with smoking habits. The thesis shows that there are differences in informal caregiving between males and females. Conclusion: This thesis shows that there are differences in male and female caregiving for a spouse suffering from COPD. The caregivers conceive and handle the caregiving situation in different ways. It is central that health professionals and municipality consider this along with the individual needs that are related to the development of the COPD. There is a need to identify the person who suffers from COPD and their spouses from the first contact onwards, to regularly follow the development of their situation and need of support.

The phenomenona MMORPG-games – a qualitative study on MMORPG-games effects on the players life The aim of this study was to shed lights on what it is that makes some people play MMORPG-games, get a insight in how a gamers social network can look like and how the game can change the players everyday life. To acchieve this aim the authors carried out four individual interwievs with MMORPG-players. These interwieves was hermeneutic interpreted with the socialantropology networkstheory, roletheory, social identitytheory and the entirety was interpreted with the concept: “the late modern society”. The conclusions that was found were that the games helps the players to handle their everyday life and has a condition for the players to produce relationships with other players. The study also reviled that the games can have different effects on the players and the amplitude of the effects depends on how deep the players involve themselves into the games. Furthermore the study showed that the players has a possibility to create identities in the MMORPG-games but it also showed that there are a conflict between the gameworld and the physical life where the gameworld is understood as the “secondary world”.

This dissertation explores the social patterns and cultural layers of musical "open mics" in New York City. The study uses a qualitative approach which includes methods such as ethnography, in-depth interviewing, historical and discourse analyses focusing on open mics and the popular musicians who attend and perform them. Open mics, short for "open microphones," are public events that allow musicians to perform songs without a pre-planned, formal booking with a club or venue. Owing a historical and discursive connection to the folk hootenannies and jazz jam sessions of the past, these events have proliferated and spread considerably across the United States since the 1990s since their development, by name, in the late 1970s. Open mics not only reflect a do-it-yourself and participatory cultural ethos manifested with other recent expressive cultural activities, but also demonstrate a growing interstitial "musical third place" residing between private practicing and public performance. Musical open mics as musical third places provide musicians and singer/songwriters to network with other musicians, practice new musical compositions and play when other performance opportunities are not readily available. It provides a means for musicians to "hone their craft" in terms of performance methods and also construct musical identities in the almost exclusive company of other working singer/songwriters. This "backstage region" is thus framed and keyed by the musicians onto a continuum between two theoretical poles: performance practicing and practicing performance. Performance practicing as defined in this study frames a more performance-oriented display for musicians in locations called "closed open mics" or COMs. These settings, also residing on a theoretical continuum are socially more exclusive in terms of performance types, the aesthetic careers of the performers, the genres represented and the sociological makeup of the setting participants in general. OOMs or "open open mics," on the other hand, usually have a more fluid, diverse sociological composition of musical performers, performance types, and musical genres played and represented in these mainly weekly events. Closed open mics align into more homogeneous, isomorphic settings comprising "local open mic scenes" and open open mics remain more heterogeneous, socially inclusive, and unsettled as "pre-scenes."

ABSTRACT Syftet med denna studie är att ge en bild av hur kvotflyktingar uppfattar och praktiskt hanterar sin tillvaro, samt att identifiera olika taktiker/strategier som därvid använts. Empirin består av ostrukturerade intervjuer med 4 informanter, vilka tidigare mottagits som kvotflyktingar. Intervjuerna har transkriberats och kodats för analys. Kvalitativ metod har använts. Teoretiskt ramverk för analys har bestått av tre kopplade ingångar: 1. Scenen för handling. 2. Habitus. 3. Taktiska dispositioner. Empirin visar att informanterna uppskattar Sverige som Scen för handling. Sverige uppfattas som ett tryggt och välordnat land. Demokrati, yttrandefrihet, religionsfrihet och vänlighet beskriver kontexten. Avigsidorna är byråkrati och disciplinering. Informanternas tidigare erfarenheter inverkar tydligt på hanteringen av tillvaron. Informanterna betonar vikten att se och hitta möjligheter i Sverige. Resultatet visar att informanterna tillämpar ett förhållningssätt med beredskap för taktiska manövrer längs vägen. / <p>2008-06-04</p>

同志身分常常是許多同志鎖在衣櫃裡的另一面貌，同志污名標籤令同志在日常生活中，必須管理有關同志身分的身分訊息，以免他人以偏見看待。然而衣櫃卻也有著男櫃與女櫃的差別，女同志在社會中承受的污名處境與男同志並不相同，所擁有的資源與權力也不一樣。相較男同志，女同志有著女性與同志的雙重弱勢身分。 近年來世界各地出現愈來愈多透過臉書賦權的例子，臉書使人們更容易自行組織動員，賦予人們更多政治權力上的能動性。在各式各樣透過臉書賦權的行動中，亦包含少數族群污名化標籤的去除與對抗歧視。對於在主流異性戀社會體制處於性別弱勢的女同志族群來說，藉由臉書反轉污名標籤，或是試圖在臉書上管控自身的同志身分訊息，皆使得女同志在日常生活中與他人的互動，有了別於以往的改變。 本研究從日常生活中的人際互動秩序切入，探究女同志的臉書使用策略。企圖理解臉書如何成為女同志族群遊走權力縫隙的工具，甚至被女同志使用者挪用作為抗衡異性戀主流霸權的策略。研究的目的在於挖掘女同志族群使用臉書的期待、想法與使用感受；以及女同志族群如何透過臉書達成使用臉書的目的――有著哪些使用策略、挪用與棄用的情形。 研究採用質化研究取向，使用深度訪談法，並蒐集紀錄同志的臉書使用文本，交互分析論證。以日常生活理論中Lefebvre的節慶狂歡概念與de Certeau弱者的力量，闡述臉書女同志使用者，如何透過戰術創造機會，並對結構展現出自身的能動性。 研究發現臉書作為呈現日常生活樣貌的平台，反映的是日常生活中綿密交織的各式權力秩序。臉書的女同志使用者在多元的臉書使用策略中，展現與社會監視機制抗衡的企圖，並試圖對異性戀霸權結構秩序形成擾動。女同志族群透過臉書平台具有的隱私控制系統，作為策略使用的主要機制。以臉書上的朋友名單篩選與分類臉書朋友、曖昧模糊的文字內容、大量按讚與轉貼分享偷渡同志議題等方式，自行定義生命中的重要事件與場景，讓詮釋、定義女同志的權力，下放至女同志手中。 / Because of the homosexual stigma, LGBT have to hide their sexual orientation to keep away from discrimination. Lesbians and gays face different social stigmas and the power and social resources they enjoy are not the same. Lesbians, as women and homosexuals at the same time, are more disadvantaged than gays in the society. There are more and more people who empower themselves through Facebook. The empowerment movements on Facebook include reversing the stigma and combating against the discrimination. Lesbians use Facebook as a tool to reverse the stigma against them and they could decide whether to reveal their social identities on Facebook. Thus, Facebook has changed lesbians’ daily interaction with others. Based on the theories about ‘everyday life’ suggested by Lefebvre and de Certeau, this study will explain how lesbians use Facebook to overcome limitations in their daily lives. The findings suggest that, rather than breaking the social norms, lesbians establish a ‘Friend List’ on Facebook to categorize their friends. By using this strategy, lesbians try to undermine the heterosexual hegemony which governs their lives. The tatics that applied by lesbians while using Facebook are not only influenced by the features of Facebook, but also affected by the social and cultural context and power relations.

This is a thesis about knowledge-intensive work and the organizational con-texts of such work. The specific objective is to analyze the geography of work. The geography of work may diverge from the geography of employ-ment when paid work is undertaken at the premises of client organizations, during commuting, on business trips, in external meetings, at home or in other places. The focus is on work practice and the perspective of everyday life. The study examines where knowledge workers are located and where knowledge work occurs. It is about what knowledge workers actually do. The everyday perspective is about the relationship between paid work and unpaid work. To understand the organization of knowledge-intensive work in a time–space context, different possibilities and constraints must be taken into con-sideration. This thesis has a time–geographical approach. The case study examines knowledge-intensive organizations located in central Stockholm. The organizations are in PR/communications, management consultancy, and research and development sectors. Both private and public sector organiza-tions are considered. The empirical study combines interviews, time diaries and questionnaires. The NVivo software program is employed to analyze the interview data. The main conclusion from the thesis is that in order to under-stand knowledge-intensive work, different factors such as relations, attitudes and norms need to be considered. These factors affect the organization of work, which in turn is affected by the choices, possibilities, constraints, ex-pectations and negotiations of different actors (i.e. employees, employers, family, clients and colleagues). The working time of the knowledge workers investigated in this study is mainly spent at the office of their employers. Social interaction with col-leagues and clients is an important part of their work. Work routines involve many meetings, both face-to-face and virtual. Face-to-face interactions play a crucial role in shaping the geography of work; teamwork is important. The knowledge workers in this study are “working long hours,” and the norm is to work more than what have been expected.

The “Unreal City” of T. S. Eliot’s The Waste Land looms large over the landscape of critical inquiry into the metropolitan character of Anglo-American modernism. Characterized by the disorienting speed and chaos of modern life, the shock of harsh new environments and bewildering technologies, and the isolating and alienating effects of the inhuman urban mob, the city emerges here, so the story goes, as a site of extreme social disintegration and devastating psychic trauma; as a site that generates a textuality of overwhelming dynamism, phantasmagoric distortion, and subjective retreat. This dissertation complicates such conventional understandings of the city in modernism, proposing in place of the “Unreal City” a habitable one—an urban space and literature marked by the salutary everyday practices of city dwellers, the familiar environs of the metropolitan neighborhood, and the variety of literary modes that register such productive and adaptive dwelling processes. Taking seriously Rita Felski’s consideration of the “multiple worlds” of modernity, and thus diverging from the canonical formulations of modern urban experience put forth by the likes of Charles Baudelaire and Walter Benjamin, my work explores the richly ambivalent and ambiguous modernist response to the spatial complexities of the metropolis, drawing on the work of Michel de Certeau, Luce Giard, and Pierre Mayol in the two volumes of The Practice of Everyday Life to attend to the quotidian valences that signal a healthful engagement with the city. I uncover this metropoetics of habitability in the vexed response to the city’s network of interconnected spaces in T. S. Eliot’s Prufrock and Other Observations and The Waste Land; in the attention to the viable dwelling practices of individual urbanites—in contrast to city itself as dominant and dominating character—in John Dos Passos’s Manhattan Transfer; in the routine daily operations on display in James Joyce’s Ulysses—breakfast, for instance, or running an errand; in the ordinary series of moments that constitute the work of everyday life in the familiar cityscape of Virginia Woolf’s Mrs Dalloway; and finally in the broad-ranging depictions of urban life in Jean Rhys’s The Left Bank and Other Stories and Quartet.