A integração de dados oriundos de fontes autônomas e heterogêneas ainda é um grande problema para diversas aplicações. Na indústria de petróleo e gás, uma grande quantidade de dados é gerada diariamente a partir de múltiplas fontes, tais como dados sísmicos, dados de poços, dados de perfuração, dados de transporte e dados de marketing. No entanto, estes dados são adquiridos através da aplicação de diferentes técnicas e representados em diferentes formatos e padrões. Assim, estes dados existem de formas estruturadas em banco de dados e de formas semi-estruturadas em planilhas e documentos, tais como relatórios e coleções multimídia. Para lidar com a heterogeneidade dos formatos de dados, a informação precisa ser padronizada e integrada em todos os sistemas, disciplinas e fronteiras organizacionais. Como resultado, este processo de integração permitirá uma melhor tomada de decisão dentro de colaborações, uma vez que dados de alta qualidade poderão ser acessados em tempo hábil. A indústria do petróleo depende do uso eficiente desses dados para a construção de modelos computacionais, a fim de simplificar a realidade geológica e para ajudar a compreende-la. Tal modelo, que contém objetos geológicos analisados por diferentes profissionais—geólogos, geofísicos e engenheiros — não representa a realidade propriamente dita, mas a conceitualização do especialista. Como resultado, os objetos geológicos modelados assumem representações semânticas distintas e complementares no apoio à tomada de decisões. Para manter os significados pretendidos originalmente, ontologias estão sendo usadas para explicitar a semântica dos modelos e para integrar os dados e arquivos gerados nas etapas da cadeia de exploração. A principal reivindicação deste trabalho é que a interoperabilidade entre modelos da terra construídos e manipulados por diferentes profissionais e sistemas pode ser alcançada evidenciando o significado dos objetos geológicos representados nos modelos. Nós mostramos que ontologias de domínio desenvolvidas com o apoio de conceitos teórico de ontologias de fundamentação demonstraram ser uma ferramenta adequada para esclarecer a semântica dos conceitos geológicos. Nós exemplificamos essa capacidade através da análise dos formatos de comunicação padrões mais utilizados na cadeia de modelagem (LAS, WITSML e RESQML), em busca de entidades semanticamente relacionadas com os conceitos geológicos descritos em ontologias de Geociências. Mostramos como as noções de identidade, rigidez, essencialidade e unidade, aplicadas a conceitos ontológicos, conduzem o modelador à definir mais precisamente os objetos geológicos no modelo. Ao tornar explícitas as propriedades de identidade dos objetos modelados, o modelador pode superar as ambiguidades da terminologia geológica. Ao fazer isso, explicitamos os objetos e propriedades relevantes que podem ser mapeados a partir de um modelo para outro, mesmo quando eles estão representados em diferentes nomes e formatos. / The integration of data issued from autonomous and heterogeneous sources is still a significant problem for an important number of applications. In the oil and gas industry, a large amount of data is generated every day from multiple sources such as seismic data, well data, drilling data, transportation data, and marketing data. However, these data are acquired by the application of different techniques and represented in different standards and formats. Thus, these data exist in a structured form in databases, and in semi-structured forms in spreadsheets and documents such as reports and multimedia collections. To deal with this large amount of information, as well as the heterogeneous data formats of the data, the information needs to be standardized and integrated across systems, disciplines and organizational boundaries. As a result, this information integration will enable better decision making within collaborations, once high quality data will be accessible timely. The petroleum industry depends on the efficient use of these data to the construction of computer models in order to simplify the geological reality and to help understanding it. Such a model, which contains geological objects analyzed by different professionals – geologists, geophysicists and engineers – does not represent the reality itself, but the expert’s conceptualization. As a result, the geological objects modeled assume distinct semantic representations and complementary in supporting decision-making. For keeping the original intended meanings, ontologies were used for expliciting the semantic of the models and for integrating the data and files generated in the various stages of the exploration chain. The major claim of this work is that interoperability among earth models built and manipulated by different professionals and systems can be achieved by making apparent the meaning of the geological objects represented in the models. We show that domain ontologies developed with support of theoretical background of foundational ontologies show to be an adequate tool to clarify the semantic of geology concepts. We exemplify this capability by analyzing the communication standard formats most used in the modeling chain (LAS,WITSML, and RESQML), searching for entities semantically related with the geological concepts described in ontologies for Geosciences. We show how the notions of identity, rigidity, essentiality and unity applied to ontological concepts lead the modeler to more precisely define the geological objects in the model. By making explicit the identity properties of the modeled objects, the modeler who applies data standards can overcome the ambiguities of the geological terminology. In doing that, we clarify which are the relevant objects and properties that can be mapped from one model to another, even when they are represented with different names and formats.

Throughout society’s continual war against cancer, we have attempted pharmacological intervention only to find that tumors develop modes of resistance. It is well known that genetics play an integral role in cancer. Technological advances have greatly improved our ability to study cancer biochemistry beyond the genome by measuring changes in the expression and activity of RNA, proteins, and lipids in experimental models and human patients. As our techniques and technology to perform cancer research progresses, it is becoming more evident that cancer cells develop stress tolerance mechanisms at multiple levels within the central dogma, including altering mRNA expression, enzyme concentrations, and functional activity of cellular proteins and lipids. In the first chapter, I review previous discoveries demonstrating the importance of metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells and how shifts in metabolic pathways contribute to cancer progression and therapeutic challenges. I discuss how mass spectrometry is a multifunctional research tool that can be used to identify global shifts in gene expression, identify oncogenic roles of specific metabolites and corresponding metabolic pathways, conduct enzyme activity assays, and understand the effects of drugs on cell signaling and metabolic flux through specific pathways. While metabolic reprogramming is a complex and multifaceted concept, the following chapters focus on two specific stress tolerance pathways of lipid and protein metabolism we have shown to significantly promote cancer cell evolution, proliferation, and drug resistance in models of human pancreatic and colon cancer. I describe novel mass spectrometry-based lipidomics and proteomics methods we developed to measure and determine the biological impact of these pathways in each model. I discuss the contributions we have made toward increasing general knowledge of metabolic reprogramming networks in cancer and how they may be targeted in more specific and effective manners to sensitize cancers to therapeutic drugs. Specifically, the second chapter entails our study of a pro-survival lipid metabolic pathway driven by the sphingolipid modifying enzyme sphingosine kinase in a panel of differentially reprogrammed pancreatic cancer subclones. The third chapter describes our novel kinetic proteomics approach to identify how the cellular degradation system autophagy is used to selectively remodel the proteome of colon tumor cells in a xenograft mouse model of colon cancer. Lastly, I discuss how these and other projects completed during my graduate work lay a foundation for ongoing research to further our fundamental understanding of cancer metabolism and treatment development.

No description available.

In an earlier era of instructional technology, researchers proposed a set of criteria to help practitioners understand what assumptions about their work could help them develop well-designed instruction, as well as what assumptions could lead them to develop rigid instruction that did not characterize the goals they had for their practice. They named these criteria Technology I, II, and III. Technology I presupposed that using physical hardware improved instruction. Technology II presupposed that using formulas or strategies improved instruction. Technology III was the belief that good instruction could consist of many different product or process technologies, but that technology use alone did not define good instruction. Rather, good instruction was the realization of improved systems in which learning could take place. I used a historical case study method to analyze the major themes of Technology I, II, and III, as well as reasons why some practitioners might limit themselves to only Technology I or II. My purpose was to discover how to help instructional technologists better accomplish more of the goals they want to achieve. I compared the original goals of two instructional technologies (programmed instruction and problem-based learning), along with twelve case study reports of actual practice of these technologies, against the criteria for Technology I, II, and III. I found that Technology I, II, and III can describe the goals and practices of instructional technologists. Additionally, I discovered four reasons why instructional technologists may limit themselves to Technology I or II, and therefore might not achieve all the important goals for their practice: (a) distracted focus (or compromised integrity); (b) status quo adherence; (c) solidification; and (d) deliberately chosen Technology I or II. I also discovered three methods to help instructional technologists to avoid limiting themselves and more consistently practice Technology III: (a) legitimate evaluation; (b) adopting guiding principles for practice; and (c) using opinion leaders to disseminate the value of Technology III. This study also provides recommendations to help instructional technologists use Technology III to help them better develop flexible instructional technology that better characterizes their goals for their practice.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka och analysera hur genomförandet av matematikundervisning kring grundläggande taluppfattning går till i årskurserna F-3. Detta utifrån studiens teoretiska ramverk, Foundational number sense (FoNS): Åtta nyckelkomponenter. Metoderna som används är enkätundersökning och semistrukturerade intervjuer. Resultatet från studien visar att flera nyckelkomponenter inkluderas i matematikundervisningen i F-3, men i varierande utsträckning. Vissa nyckelkomponenter är mindre förekommande än andra, och dessa kan knytas an till de utmaningar som uppstår under matematikundervisningen. För att förbättra elevers förståelse av grundläggande taluppfattning är en slutsats att det krävs en ökad inkludering av de olika nyckelkomponenterna i matematikundervisningen, då de spelar olika aspekter av grundläggande taluppfattning. Elevers svårigheter med en specifik nyckelkomponent kan kompenseras genom att fokusera mer på en annan, vilket möjliggör en mer helhetsförståelse av ämnet. / The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the implementation of mathematics education concerning basic numerical understanding in grades F-3, based on the study's theoretical framework, Foundational number sense (FoNS): Eight Key Components. The methods used include surveys and semi-structured interviews. The results of the study show that several key components are included in mathematics education in F-3, but to varying extents. Some key components are less prevalent than others, and these can be linked to the challenges that arise during mathematics education. To improve students' understanding of basic numerical understanding numeracy, a conclusion is that there needs to be increased inclusion of the various key components in mathematics education, as they represent different aspects of basic numeracy. Students' difficulties with a specific key component can be compensated for by focusing more on another, enabling a more holistic understanding of the subject.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-08-23T15:45:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcus Vinícius Barbosa_.pdf: 1271530 bytes, checksum: b7a4670bae2abb67f66b5e64c2998a13 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-23T15:45:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcus Vinícius Barbosa_.pdf: 1271530 bytes, checksum: b7a4670bae2abb67f66b5e64c2998a13 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-21 / CNPQ – Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / A presente dissertação analisa a construção do projeto político do regime militar chileno, durante o período de 1974 a 1990, através do discurso da oficialidade do exército contido nas páginas do órgão oficial da instituição, a revista Memorial del Ejército de Chile. Busca-se compreender em que medida esse discurso pode ser vinculado a uma determinada cultura política presente no cenário público chileno antes mesmo do golpe de Estado de 11 de setembro de 1973. Pretende-se, ainda, dimensionar a atividade docente da oficialidade, tratando de apresentar, ainda que de maneira parcial, a formação dos autores em institutos militares, procurando relacionar as atividades no exterior com o contexto encontrado no interior do país andino. Objetiva-se a apresentação do projeto refundacional, baseado em uma determinada visão sobre o marxismo e a política, uma leitura sobre a identidade nacional e a tentativa de construção de uma nova institucionalidade, embasada em uma “herança portaliana” do século XIX, na contrapartida da democracia liberal adotada em 1932. De uma maneira geral, busca-se compreender em que medida o discurso da oficialidade, contido em o Memorial del Ejército de Chile, configurou-se como retórica auxiliar da narrativa construída desde a alta cúpula da Junta de Gobierno. / This thesis analyzes the construction of the Chilean military regime's political project during the period of 1974-1990. This analysis is centered in army officers' discourse as published in the journal Memorial del Ejército de Chile, official organ of that institution. The goal was to ascertain whether this discourse could be linked to a political culture that was present in the Chilean public sphere even before the coup d'état of September 11, 1973. A secondary goal was to study officers' teaching activities by, although in partial way, addressing authors' training in military institutes, and by examining the connections between activities that took place during this period both outside and inside the Andean nation. The aim was to describe a re-foundational project that was based on a specific understanding of Marxism and politics. A project that derived from a distinct reading of national identity, and from an attempt to construct new institutions which were to be based on a nineteenth-century 'portaliana' heritage, in opposition to liberal democracy, which was adopted in 1932. In general terms, the goal of this research is to understand to which extent military officers' discourse, as published in Memorial del Ejército de Chile, became an auxiliary rhetoric to the foundational narrative that was constructed by the high summit of the Junta de Gobierno.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:33:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alex Pinheiro das Gracas.pdf: 2761846 bytes, checksum: a904945394b1c705b72df3268f5bdab8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-27 / The adoption of ontologically well founded languages for building ontologies has acquiring more adopters, however its widespread use stumble on using difficulties by inexperienced modelers. This dissertation proposes a methodological guide to support the building of domain ontologies using the ontologically well founded language OntoUML. This guide through the analysis of language structure, restrictions and design patterns helps the designer on the modeling process. Beyond, the building support interactions are used to generate a design rationale. At last, it is presented a Web application implementing the ideas proposed in this work / A adoção de linguagens ontologicamente bem fundamentadas para construção de ontologias, apesar de vir ganhando mais adeptos, esbarra nas dificuldades da utilização desta linguagem por modeladores inexperientes. Este trabalho propõe um guia metodológico para apoiar as construções de ontologias utilizando a linguagem OntoUML Este guia auxilia o projetista no processo de modelagem através do estudo da estrutura da linguagem, suas restrições sintáticas e padrões de projetos. Além disso, as interações com o modelador na utilização deste guia são utilizadas para gerar um design rationale do processo de modelagem. Por final é apresentada uma implementação Web de uma ferramenta que demonstra as propostas apresentadas neste trabalho

This study is done from an autobiographical perspective. It focuses on three issues: myths, the resurrection of Jesus from death, and the canon. It approaches the traditional ecclesiastical and confessional teachings from the perspective of a postmodern hermeneutics of suspicion. Being autobiographical, the study is in the first place relevant for its author. In the second place, because he is a researcher, the study has also relevance for the scholarly community. The faith community also asks their questions. Then there is the institutionalized church that is a watchdog for the dogma, and, lastly there is the secular community who is also interested in the debate. The study aims to find answers to the question how the myth of Easter faith developed into kerygma, which became a text with canonical status? It is a search for the relationship between myth, resurrection and canon. On the issue of myth, the study concludes that myth is just as important to postmoderns as it were to their pre-modern ancestors. The Christ myth is a first century Mediterranean version of an ancient inherited subconscious archetypal myth. It represents stories in the language, symbols, and metaphors of the cultures and peoples in which it originated. It is language recycled. On the question about the resurrection, the study concludes that the Christ cult and its narratives developed within a mythological worldview. First, there was the kerygma of a dying and resurrected Christ. Then narratives, as material for preaching in the early congregations emerged around the figure of the historical Jesus. The resurrection as the content of the kerygma is perceived as mythical speech that serves as the foundational myth for the Christ cult. The third issue was about the documents called canon and questions such as how did it emerge, and how did it become authority bearing? To recap the argument: In the beginning, there was the kerygma! The content of this kerygma was the death and resurrection of Christ. During the development stages of the Christ myth, this kerygma was linked to the life and death of the historical Jesus. His story became a mythical narrative that serves as the foundational myth for the Christ cult. It explains its reason for existence and its rituals. As this faith community grew and became more and more institutionalized it produced more and more literature. Orthodoxy in early Christianity decided which of these writings contain the truth and the right teaching. They are the books, which became the index of what is called the Christian Bible today. The author of this study believes in a canon behind the canon. For him, the Jesus figure is the “vehicle” that makes the content of the kerygma accessible. He is a mythological figure, with historical roots that has become the observable face of God to Christians. The New Testament represents kerygmatic narrative with an invitation to its readers and hearers to join in this mythological experience and encounter with God. / Thesis (DD (New Testament))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / New Testament Studies / unrestricted

Forskning visar att taluppfattning är grundläggande för elevers förståelse och utveckling av matematik. Läraren har en central roll i att utveckla elevers taluppfattning. Denna kvalitativa studie undersöker hur nio lärare arbetar med och för taluppfattning hos elever i förskoleklass och årskurs 1. Studien syftar till att komplettera det aktuella forskningsläget med lärares kunskaper och erfarenheter och utgår från frågeställningen: Hur uttrycker dessa lärare att de arbetar med och för taluppfattning i förskoleklass och årskurs 1? Kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med lärarna genomfördes och analyserades genom tematisk analys varpå resultatet ytterligare analyserades genom det teoretiska ramverket FONS och dess åtta komponenter av taluppfattning. Sedan diskuterades resultatanalysen i relation till det aktuella forskningsläget. Resultatet visar att lärares arbete med och för taluppfattning till stor del överensstämmer med både tidigare forskning och det teoretiska ramverket FONS. Lärarnas arbete sammanfattas inom följande teman: planering, grunden, begrepp, instruktioner, samlärande, matteboken, metoder, färdighetsträning och talsystemet. Det resultat som särskiljer sig från tidigare forskning och det teoretiska ramverket är lärarens avsikt och förmåga att arbeta med automatisering av taluppfattning, användandet av matteböcker för utveckling av taluppfattning, samt förmågan att anpassa undervisningen utefter elevgruppen. / Research shows that foundational number sense is vital to children’s understanding and development of mathematics. Teachers have an essential role in the development of children’s foundational number sense. This qualitative study investigates how nine teachers in Sweden work to develop foundational number sense with six- and seven-year-olds (corresponding grade 0 and grade 1 in Sweden). The research question: How do these teachers express their work to develop foundational number sense for six- and seven-year-olds? is answered by qualitative semi structured interviews with the teachers. The teacher interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis, establishing the following themes: Planning, The foundation, Concept, Instructions, Co-learning, The math book, Methods, Skill training and Number system. These themes were then analyzed by the theoretical framework FONS and its eight components of foundational number sense, establishing several corresponding results. The results were discussed in relation to previous research within the field and concluded that the teachers' work to develop foundational number sense is mainly in line with both previous research and the theoretical framework FONS. Results that stand out are the teachers' abilities to adjust their teachings to their particular group of students/children, their work with automatization of number sense and the use of math books.

AFRIKAANS: Die navorsing is gedoen vanuit 'n postfundamentalistiese narratiewe prakties- teologiese benadering. Die fokus van die studie was tweeledig. Die eerste was om na die stories van 'n groep meisies, wat hulself as homoseksueel gesien het en daarom gemarginaliseer is, te luister. Die tweede deel was dat deur die proses daar intervensie sou wees wat aan die meisies die kennis en die mag sou gee om hulle verhale op so 'n manier oor te vertel dat hulle die hoofrolle van hulle eie lewensdramas sal word en nie net karakters of ekstras op die verhoog van die lewe sou wees nie. Verhale van nood moet dus verruil word vir verhale van hoop. Om die verhale van die meisies beter te verstaan is daar van 'n groep interdissiplinêre helpers gebruik gemaak. Die meisies se verhale is verder ook sosiaal-konstruksionisties benader. Die meisies se verstaan van hulle konteks, die kerk, hulle vriende, homoseksualiteit, God, kerkleiers en hulle inskakeling by die kerk en hulle identiteit is ondersoek en saam met die groep gedekonstrueer. Die navorsingsverhaal is dus 'n verhaal waar daar weer opnuut gekyk is na die hantering van tieners, hulle wêreldbeeld en soeke na identiteit en aanvaarding binne 'n wêreld wat hulle nie altyd verstaan nie, en die rol van die geloofsgemeenskap in die proses. ENGLISH: The research was done from a post-foundational, narrative, and practical theological position. The focus of the study had two intentions. The first was to listen to the stories of a group of girls, who saw themselves as homosexual and because of that was marginalised. The second intention was that in the process there would be intervention in their stories. This intervention was supposed to give the girls the necessary knowledge and power to help them to tell their stories. This telling would then place the girls not as extras on the stage of their own lives but as playing the leading roles. Negative stories had thus to be exchanged for stories of hope. To get a better understanding of the stories of the girls, there was made use of an interdisciplinary team of helpers. The stories were also interpreted from a social constructionist point of view. The understanding the girls had of their context, the church, their friends, homosexuality, God, church leaders, their membership of the church and their identity was researched and deconstructed with them in a process. The research story is a story where the handling of teenagers, their world view and their search for identity and acceptance in a world that doesn’t always understand them and their involvement in the church in this process was looked at with fresh eyes. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Practical Theology / unrestricted