Gällivare kommun står i dagsläget inför stora samhälleliga påfrestningar, detta på grund av den gruvindustri som lagt grunden för samhället. Stora delar av det snart avfolkade samhället Malmberget måste flyttas på grund av gruvindustrins framfart. Idag bedriver det statliga bolaget LKAB järnmalmsbrytning rakt under samhället Malmberget, detta innebär att stora delar av Malmberget kommer att avvecklas vilket i sin tur innebär att detta måste ersättas i det närliggande samhället Gällivare. I Malmberget återfinns kommunala verksamheter som äldreboenden och kommunens gymnasieskola. Utifrån detta har kommunen bland annat tagit fram ett program för Verksamhetslokaler, som är en del i den nya stadskärnan som planeras i det närliggande samhället Gällivare. Det övergripande syftet med denna studie avser att titta på vad som kännetecknar transparenta, och därför legitima, beslutsprocesser. Studien tar avstamp i en tidigare studie (De Fine Licht et al. 2014) som undersöker när transparensen av beslutsfattande ger legitimitet. Utifrån detta så studeras processen kring Kunskapshuset i Gällivare och tittar på om processen har präglats av transparens och, i så fall, vilken typ av transparens. För att göra detta har en kvalitativ innehållsanalys använts för att till huvuddel analysera protokoll från Kommunstyrelsen samt Kommunfullmäktige i Gällivare mellan 2013 och 2016. För att kunna klassificera det undersökta materialets transparens har en idealtypsanalys använts. Idealtyperna har utgjorts av en rad kända teorier gällande transparensens effekt på legitimitet. Studien visar att processen kring kunskapshuset kännetecknas av olika typer av transparens som både kan ha positiv samt negativ effekt på legitimiteten. Den positiva effekten på legitimitet återfinns bland annat i att medborgarna har fått insyn i motiven och även kunnat ta del av information kring vilka beslut som har tagits samt varför de har tagits. Proceduren kring Kunskapshuset har kännetecknats som rättvis och medborgarna har även varit medvetna om hur besluten har tagits, både i kommunfullmäktige och i kommunstyrelsen. Samtidigt finns det tecken på att transparensen kan ha underminerat legitimiteten i form av brist i ansvarstagande, efterkonstruerade motiv och en negativ medierapportering kring beslutsprocessen.

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Planering kring markanvändning kan innefatta och påverka flera olika intressen vilket kan lyfta tankar kring rättvisa. Enligt tidigare forskning domineras ofta samiska intressen och perspektiv av andra diskurser och på så sätt reduceras även ett erkännande av det samiska förhållningsättet och samiska rättigheter. Syftet med denna studie har varit att utifrån det teoretiska perspektivet på miljörättvisa undersöka vad samisk miljörättvisa kan vara, för att därefter analysera huruvida samisk miljörättvisa förekommer inom kommunal översiktsplanering. Tidigare forskning pekar på att urfolks krav på miljörättvisa bottnar i behov av erkännande av det relationella synsättet på omgivningen och dess funktion för kultur och traditionella levnadssätt ur ett holistiskt perspektiv. Den samiska miljörättvisan har samma utgångspunkt och menar att landskapet och den icke-mänskliga naturen hänger samman med samisk kultur och näringar i stort, vilket därför kräver ett erkännande av samiska värden och behov tillsammans med välfungerande och bärkraftiga ekologiska miljöer för att säkerställa möjligheten till sociokulturell reproduktion. Undersökningen har baserats på en fallstudie av Gällivare kommuns översiktsplanering och dess centrala plandokument vilka ligger som grund för kommunens långsiktiga planering och förvaltning av mark- och vattenområden. Utifrån ett skapat teoretiskt ramverk på samisk miljörättvisa har en kvalitativ innehållsanalys tillämpats. Studiens resultat visar att delar ur den samiska miljörättvisan går att återfinna i olika sammanhang och kontexter i översiktsplanen, men att den framför allt framträder i relation till rennäringen. Slutsatsen är att det för samisk miljörättvisa i stort saknas flertalet aspekter, med följden av flera samiska värden och behov osynliggörs vilket på sikt enligt ett miljörättviseteoretiskt resonemang kan ha effekter både på proceduriella aspekter och distributiva utfall i ett senare skede vid planläggning kring markanvändning inom kommunens gränser.

Audiomagnetotelluric measurements with (CSAMT) and without (AMT) a controlled source were performed near Gällivare and Kiruna in Swedish Lapland in order to retrieve representative conductivity models of the subsurfaces. Magnetotelluric transfer functions were gained from processed time series’ and subsequently inverted to generate the sought models successfully. Additionally, a strike angle analysis was performed to determine the dimension of the ground structures. That information was used to justify the approaches of 1D and 2D inversions of the data sets and to judge their applicability. In Kiruna, two profiles were installed. One profile is considered to be in line with the strike direction, the other profile was oriented rather orthogonal to the strike direction. In Gällivare, only one profile was installed orthogonally with respect to the strike direction. The strike analysis showed a preferentially 2-dimensional structure for Kiruna’s parallel profile. For the orthogonal oriented profiles from Kiruna and Gällivare, the analysis revealed a 2D (with distortions) to 3D dimension of the ground structures. For the AMT method, it was possible to generate 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional models. Regarding the CSAMT data, it was only possible to generate a 1D conductivitymodel for the subsurface. Due to a significant transmitter overprint, no undistorted start model for the 2-dimensional CSAMT data inversion could be produced. The models from Kiruna had a sufficient data quality and thus resulted in reliable 2D AMT resistivity models with, locally, 2 to 3 layers. However, in combination with the 1D models for AMT and CSAMT, a 3-layer structure was predicted, where a resistive layer is covered by a thin conductive layer and underlaid by a rather conductive basement. For Gällivare’s profile, the data quality was good such that for all inversion methods good results were achieved. The predicted 2-layer models were resolved for for depths between 10m and 10,000m and coincide with the at hand geological maps and cross sections.

Focusing on the town of Malmberget in northern Sweden, this study addresses the relationship between place, identity formation and social transformation among mining communities. Due to an expanding mining area, the town is being gradually demolished and remaining inhabitants will eventually have to be relocated. Concurrently, urban expansion plans are underway in the neighboring town of Gällivare. The aim of the study is to examine whether and how collective forms of identity are constructed in relation to Malmberget as place. What are the main values underlying such collective identity and are they being taken into considerations in the expansion plans? The study also examines if and how any attempts to preservation have been made in response to the demolition and redevelopment. The study is primarily based on interviews with inhabitants of Malmberget. It also draws on qualitative content analysis of documents on the expansions plans. As the study focuses on notions of place and collective identity, in its theoretical framework Lefebvre’s spatial triad is combined with a phenomenological approach of place and Jenkins’ conceptualisation of collective identity.   The findings suggest that there exists a collective ‘Malmberget identity’ consisting of certain values connected to place relations and community history. Some aspects of these values have implicitly been taken into considerations in the expansion plans in Gällivare, but far from all of them. The study also shows how interviewees have enacted preservation strategies as a way to cope with the urban transformation and to protect their shared collective identity.

The goal of this study was to identify and describe different microstructures observed in samples from two major shear zones in the Gällivare area, namely the Nautanen Deformation Zone (NDZ), and the Fjällåsen deformation zone (FDZ). Thirteen samples were examined during this study. The samples represent metavolcanic sedimentary rocks with felsic composition containing mostly quartz, K-feldspars and plagioclase with some accessory minerals such as allanite, monazite, biotite, muscovite, calcite, chlorite etc. and these rocks preserve in some cases mylonitic textures. Two metamorphic events (M1 and M2) and four deformation phases (D1, D2, D3 and D4) were identified. Beginning with the regional metamorphic event M1, which also is peak metamorphism (greenschist to amphibolite facies), resulting in D1, a compressional deformation creating the penetrative foliation S1 from a N-S to NNW-SSE shortening direction. A tectonic pause is followed by M2 synchronous with intrusions of Lina granites resulting in widespread contact metamorphism and reactivation of the shear zones. This new compression has tilted the foliations with a dip of ~60°W of FDZ and ~60°E of NDZ. This also created a SC-fabric, a related S2 foliation which shows a slight WSW tilting, and records reverse dip-slip, ENE dextral movement. A last compressional deformation, D3, generated brittle-plastic deformations observed W of FDZ as a reverse thrust of the Gällivare block upon the W block. The last deformation described, D4, has resulted in a set of fractures, some of which have been quartz filled. These are only observed E of NDZ and were interpreted as post metamorphic brittle deformation in a normal fault motion.

In 2003 the libraries of ten municipalities in the northern part of Sweden were each given 10 000 (SEK) by the BIN-project to purchase books on demand instead of making inter-library loans. This attempt was called Köpa på efterfrågan (Purchasing on demand). The purpose of this master thesis is to evalutate Köpa på efterfrågan. The results of the evaluation show that the books purchased on demand were quite popular. Almost all the purchased books were non-fictional with most books being bought within the field of medicin. There is also a correspondence between the education held in the participating municipality and which subject the purchased books belonged to. The libraries have all made rather similar purchases regarding subject, with the exception of Robertsfors. The most expensive subject was medicin, both per book and overall. The libraries have mostly bought their books on Internet bookstores due to their low cost and swift delivery. Purchasing on demand entails more benefits than inter-library lending, as it is less expensive, and a book, once bought, is available on the shelf for others to borrow it, although the increase of the library’s collection demands more thorough media-planning.

This thesis explores a period in Northern Sweden when contacts between Sami and non-Sami became more frequent as the colonisation progressed. The investigated period is 1722-1895 and eight parishes in northern Sweden are under study. Both the northern as well as the southern Sami area are represented. The main purpose of the thesis is thus to see whether the cultural meeting between Sami and non-Sami affected the way people chose to make significant decisions. In this study these cultural meetings are represented by the way people married.      To understand the consequences of cultural contacts, where individuals from different backgrounds meet, concepts developed within the field of acculturation theories are used. The marriage patterns among the inhabitants are viewed with regard to three key variables founded by Ruth Dixon, as these help to explain changes or continuations in the individuals’ marital behaviour.      The southern Sami area seamed to be rather unaffected by the colonisation process, at least according to the marriage pattern. The analysis revealed limited economic openings for marriage as well as cemented marriage traditions, and these prevailed throughout the investigated period. During the 18th and 19th centuries it was evident that the northern Sami areas were significantly affected by the in-migrated newcomers.  Even though the gender distribution in each parish seemed to matter, analysing the overall marriage pattern illuminated chiefly economic reasons for changes that occurred during the colonisation process. As the in-migration of non-Sami progressed, the age at first marriage increased particularly among Sami women. Furthermore, the results indicates that even though settled Sami probably interacted with non-Sami on a daily basis, and were integrated in their lifestyle, Sami settlers continuously estranged themselves from a complete assimilation and stuck to their Sami culture and traditions. Thus, language and cultural expressions seemed to have mattered when it came to marriage.       The thesis concludes that according to the marriage pattern, economic prerequisites for preferentially the Sami, changed dramatically through the colonisation process. Most affected by the changes were thus the Sami women, who experienced an unfavourable marriage market as the colonisation progressed. Towards the end of the nineteenth century the preferable form of coexistence was still the legal marriage in the area, and the marriage as an institution was of considerable importance, which is also evident since the marriage to some extent still seemed to be a family affair. The study also showed that Sami people in the southern Sami area interacted with non-Sami to a less degree than was the case in the north. However, in the north, the more ethnic complex parishes revealed an integrating population, rather than assimilating. The more ethnically homogenous parishes instead pointed towards an assimilated state among the newcomers.