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Pourquoi semble-t-il impossible de se départir du département ? Comment fonctionne ce sparadrap institutionnel ? Partant du double constat de la longévité du Département et de sa résistance aux tentatives de réforme successives, ce travail de thèse s'intéresse aux (f)acteurs clés de l'apparente immuabilité départementale. Il considère successivement trois dimensions majeures de l'institutionnalisation et de la légitimation du Département (englobant non seulement le Conseil général mais aussi ses ramifications cantonales et nationales par le biais du cumul de mandats et de l'activité de lobbying accompli par l'Assemblée des Départements de France). Afin de saisir les modalités de la naturalisation de cette institution, il revient sur sa plasticité et son multipositionnement en abordant les apports complémentaires d'une (re)légitimation par l'élection (que celle-ci soit politisée ou non), d'une (re)légitimation par l'action publique (bien que celle-ci soit contrainte par les obligations émanant des compétences transférées et des attentes locales) et d'une (re)légitimation via le cumul des mandats et fonctions (qui trouve concrètement à s'exprimer lors des débats parlementaires consacrés à l'organisation territoriale française). Véritable carrefour des carrières politiques, le Département est et demeure ainsi un acteur majeur du paysage politique français, même si, paradoxalement, cela coïncide parfois avec une instrumentation de l'institution. / French departments are both long-lasting and reform-resistant institutions. This PhD thesis focuses on the key (f)actors involved in such an immutability. We successively consider three dimensions of the departmental legitimization and institutionalization. Such an institutional naturalization relies on electoral legitimization (with or without any kind of politicization), policy-based legitimization (even when most of departments competencies are compulsory) and multi-mandating ensuing legitimization (which is particularly obvious when decentralization bills are debated). Even though it is sometimes instrumented, the Département remains the cornerstone of political careers and still lies in the very core of the French political scene.

De quelle manière l’urbanisme opérationnel se confronte-t-il aux les évolutions contemporaines des mouvements urbains de contestation et des rhétoriques politiques sur le développement durable et participatif ? Cette thèse part du constat d’un processus d’institutionnalisation en cours depuis les années 1970 de plusieurs mouvements sociaux et critiques de l’urbanisme promouvant la place des citadins dans la construction de la ville. Ce processus est analysé et situé à travers une ethnographie menée dans le contexte emblématique des transformations récentes du Nord-Est de la métropole parisienne. Le pari de ce travail est de mettre en place une observation de situations d’interaction entre groupes d’acteurs qui sont généralement regardés séparément : les associations impliquées dans des processus de concertation, les groupes engagés dans l’occupation d’espaces en friche, les décideurs et techniciens des grands projets d’aménagement urbain, les collectifs d’artistes et architectes promouvant l’art urbain et la participation. À travers l’analyse des justifications et des (més)ententes que ces acteurs mobilisent dans la négociation autour des projets en cours, ce qui se profile est la naissance de formes de contre-pouvoirs instituées. Ces dernières sont encadrées dans des dispositifs qui agissent sur la valorisation de l’incertitude dans les imaginaires urbains, sur l’affirmation ambiguë de la catégorie de l’« habitant » comme sujet-objet de la transformation et sur la construction de temporalités intercalaires et événementielles comme nouveaux paradigmes de la planification. Ce qui résulte de notre analyse est un questionnement autour des convergences entre autogestion libertaire et néolibéralisme urbain, et autour du rapport entre urbanisme technique et critique urbaine. / In which way is urbanism confronting both the evolution taking place in contemporary urban movements and the simultaneous growth of political rhetoric concerning sustainable, participatory development? The present thesis stems from the observation of an ongoing process of institutionalization, begun in the seventies, of social movements and critical theories that emphasize the role and importance of city residents in the construction of their city. This process is analyzed through an ethnography conducted in the Parisian northeastern metropolitan area, thus situating it in an illustrative context of significant recent transformation. The challenge of this work is in studying a number of situations in which actors who are generally considered separately, interact: organizations involved in the development of communal urban participation, groups actively occupying abandoned urban spaces, the technicians and decision-makers of large-scale renovation projects, collectives of artists and architects advocating urban art and participation. Through an analysis of the explanations and (mis)understandings these actors use and reach while discussing projects in progress, what appears is a specific form of control of social counter-powers. This process is framed by apparatus attributing value to the idea of uncertainty in the urban imagination, asserting the “inhabitant” as an ambiguous subject-object of urban transformation, conceiving the intermittent progression of events and temporalities as a new paradigm of urban planning. What follows from this analysis is a questioning into where libertarian self-governance and urban neoliberalism converge, and into the evolving relationship between technical and critical urbanism.

Submitted by Gustavo Gomes (gustavolascasas@gmail.com) on 2013-10-15T11:53:36Z No. of bitstreams: 3 A parceria entre a Pol??cia Militar de Minas Gerais e a Funda????o.pdf: 5864723 bytes, checksum: fcfc70db7242dc5acb8c1bc7d9f6f8bc (MD5) A parceria entre a Pol??cia Militar de Minas Gerais e a Funda????o.pdf: 5864723 bytes, checksum: fcfc70db7242dc5acb8c1bc7d9f6f8bc (MD5) license_rdf: 23599 bytes, checksum: 9e2b7f6edbd693264102b96ece20428a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Roger Guedes (roger.guedes@fjp.mg.gov.br) on 2013-10-16T13:28:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 3 A parceria entre a Pol??cia Militar de Minas Gerais e a Funda????o.pdf: 5864723 bytes, checksum: fcfc70db7242dc5acb8c1bc7d9f6f8bc (MD5) A parceria entre a Pol??cia Militar de Minas Gerais e a Funda????o.pdf: 5864723 bytes, checksum: fcfc70db7242dc5acb8c1bc7d9f6f8bc (MD5) license_rdf: 23599 bytes, checksum: 9e2b7f6edbd693264102b96ece20428a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-10-16T13:28:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 A parceria entre a Pol??cia Militar de Minas Gerais e a Funda????o.pdf: 5864723 bytes, checksum: fcfc70db7242dc5acb8c1bc7d9f6f8bc (MD5) A parceria entre a Pol??cia Militar de Minas Gerais e a Funda????o.pdf: 5864723 bytes, checksum: fcfc70db7242dc5acb8c1bc7d9f6f8bc (MD5) license_rdf: 23599 bytes, checksum: 9e2b7f6edbd693264102b96ece20428a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Funda????o Jo??o Pinheiro / Esta disserta????o teve por objetivo principal analisar a rela????o de "parceria" entre uma organiza????o policial militar e uma institui????o de ensino e pesquisa. O objeto de estudo foi o conv??nio estabelecido, em 1985, numa iniciativa considerada "pioneira", entre a Pol??cia Militar de Minas Gerais e a Funda????o Jo??o Pinheiro. ?? luz da teoria das organiza????es trabalhou-se com o pressuposto de que em ambientes altamente institucionalizados, as organiza????es s??o premidas mais por demandas de efici??ncia institucional que por efici??ncia t??cnica. Assim, a iniciativa da Pol??cia Militar de Minas Gerais, considerado inserir-se num ambiente altamente institucionalizado da seguran??a p??blica, teria se orientado mais por uma busca de legitimidade que por efici??ncia t??cnica. Sob esta perspectiva, a investiga????o compreendeu extensa pesquisa bibliogr??fica e documental, no sentido de caracterizar as organiza????es envolvidas quanto ??s suas especificidades, contexto de cria????o, trajet??ria hist??rica e ambiente organizacional. A descri????o e an??lise do momento e termo de conv??nio foram complementadas com entrevistas com atores diretamente envolvidos tanto da parte da PMMG quanto da FJP. Enfim, concluiu-se que, em 1985, a proposta, da Pol??cia Militar de Minas Gerais, de conv??nio de coopera????o t??cnica com a Funda????o Jo??o Pinheiro n??o configurou, a rigor, uma iniciativa pioneira. Sequer configurou uma proposta de parceria. N??o ficou evidente o predominio de uma demanda por legitimidade (efici??ncia institucional) apesar de se poder inferir sua exist??ncia. A orienta????o mais evidente da iniciativa centrou-se no car??ter de ag??ncia p??blica da organiza????o policial militar, ou seja, nas demandas por reforma e moderniza????o administrativa. / This dissertation aimed at analyzing the relationship of "partnership" between a military police organization and a teaching and research institution. The object of study was the partnership established, in 1985, in a step considered "pioneer", between the Pol??cia Militar de Minas Gerais (PMMG) and Funda????o Jo??o Pinheiro (FJP). Under the theory of organizations worked with the assumption that in highly institutionalized environments, organizations are more droven on by the demands of institutional efficiency that technical efficiency. Thus, the initiative of the PMMG, considered fall into the highly institutionalized environment of public safety, have been guided more by a quest for legitimacy that technical efficiency. From this perspective, this dissertation include an extense researche of literature and documents, in order to characterize the organizations involved and their specific characteristics, context of creation, historical background and organizational environment. A description and analysis of time and term of agreement were supplemented with interviews with actors directly involved both as part of PMMG as FJP. Finally, it was concluded that in 1985, the PMMG proposal's of technical cooperation agreement with the FJP didn't configure, strictly speaking, a pioneering initiative. Even set up a partnership proposal. It wasn't evident the predominance of a demand for legitimacy (institutional efficiency) in spite of it can infer its existence. The most obvious direction of the initiative focused on the public agency characters of military police organization, that is, the demands for reform and administrative modernization. / Defesa e Seguran??a

Tidigare forskning visar att två huvudsakliga faktorer som leder till förändring är framväxande innovation på marknaden och teknologin. Digitaliseringen ökar förändringstakten i både samhället och organisationer vilket ställer nya krav. Tidigare forskning visar också att förändringsarbete i organisationen är svårt att genomföra. Forskning om digitaliseringen inom ekonomi- och managementområdet är begränsad men visar att digitaliseringen har påverkat organisationer och därför har den här studien fokuserat på hur organisationen har påverkats. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur digitaliseringen har påverkat organisationer med avseende på arbetsprocesser och organisationsstruktur. För att uppnå syftet med studien har en kvalitativ metod använts där elva chefer från åtta olika organisationer har intervjuats. För att få en förståelse för hur digitaliseringen har påverkat organisationer har vi utvecklat en teoretisk referensram. Studien utgår från centrala teorier som behandlar digitalisering, kunskap- och tjänstesamhället, organisationsförändringar samt institutionalisering. Analysen bygger på jämförelser mellan teori och insamlad empiri. Utifrån analysen är vår slutsats att digitaliseringen har förändrat organisationer genom en ökad automatisering av arbetsprocesser. Även kundkraven har förändrats vilket ställer nya krav på tillgänglighet, flexibilitet och ett ökat digitalt utbud. Det i sin tur har förändrat organisationsstrukturen och arbetsprocesser då nya yrkesroller har framkommit som har mer fokus på kunden, utveckling och förändring. / Previous research has shown that the two predominant factors contributing to change management are emerging technologies and market innovations. Digitalization increases the rate of change in both society and in organizations thus continually putting new demands on them both. Previous research also demonstrates that organizational change is hard to implement. Research on digitalization within the fields of Economics and Management is limited but still shows that digitalization has influenced organizations. This study, therefore, focuses on how organizations have been effected by digitalization. The purpose of this study is to examine how digitalization has impacted upon the work processes and organizational structures of an organization. To this end, the study is based on qualitative methodology in which eleven managers from eight different organizations where interviewed. To get an understanding of how digitalization has effected these organizations we have developed a theoretical frame of reference. The study draws on relevant theories that discuss digitalization, knowledge- and service-society, organizational change and institutionalization. The analysis is based on comparisons between theory and empirical data. From the analysis we draw the conclusion that digitalization has changed the organizations through increased automation of work processes. What’s more, customer demands have changed, placing new demands on availability, flexibility and increased digital offers. This, in turn has changed the organizational structure and work processes by creating new job roles that focus on the customer, development and change.

The paper studies the relationship between governments and political parties in Peru from 1980 to 2011 Specifically, it aims to analyze the partisanship of government: the participation at government of the political organization with the one the president won the elections First, it orders the Peruvian governments around four types of partisanship: (i) the governing party, (ii) the government without a party (or government of the Messiah), and the coalition government in any of its two versions; that is (iii) the government of hegemonic coalition and (iv) the pluralist coalition government Second, it aims to explain the two types of partisanship found in this country: on one hand, hegemonic coalition governments such as Fernando Belaunde (19801985) and Alan Garcia (1985-1990), and on the other hand, the non-party governments like those of Alberto Fujimori (1990-2000), Alejandro Toledo (2001-2006) and Alan Garcia (20062011) To do this, it discards explanations focused on the type of political regime and those who focus solely on party institutionalization or only on personalism In contrast, it suggests that the combination of the last two factors explains the type of partisanship found in each case / El artículo estudia la relación entre los gobiernos y los partidos de gobierno en el Perú entre 1980 y 2011 Específicamente, se propone analizar el partidismo del gobierno: la participación en el gobierno de la organización política con la que el presidente ganó las elecciones En primer lugar, ordena los gobiernos peruanos alrededor de cuatro tipos de partidismo: (i) el gobierno de partido, (ii) el gobierno sin partido (o «gobierno del mesías»), y el gobierno de coalición en cualquiera de sus dos versiones; es decir, (iii) el gobierno de coalición hegemónica y (iv) el gobierno de coalición pluralista En segundo lugar, se propone explicar los dos tipos de par- tidismo encontrados en el país: por un lado, los gobiernos de coalición hegemónica como los de Fernando Belaúnde (1980-1985) y Alan García (1985-1990) y, por otro lado, los gobiernos sin partido como los de Alberto Fujimori (1990-2000), Alejandro Toledo (2001-2006) y Alan García (2006-2011) Para ello, descarta explicaciones enfocadas en el tipo de régimen político y aquellas que se centran únicamente en la institucionalización partidaria o únicamente en el personalismo Por el contrario, propone que la combinación de los últimos dos factores explica el tipo de partidismo encontrado en cada caso / O artigo estuda a relação entre os governos e os partidos de governo no Peru entre 1980 e 2011Especificamente, este artigo propõe analisar o partidismo do governo: a participação no governo da organização política com ao que presidente ganhou as eleições No primeiro lugar, ordena os governos peruanos ao redor de quatro tipos de partidismo: (i) o governo do partido, (ii) o governo sem partido («governo do messias»), e o governo de coligação em suas dois versões; que podem ser (iii) o governo de coligação hegemônica e (iv) o governo de coligação pluralista No segundo lugar, este artigo propõe explicar os dois tipos de partidismo encontrados no país: os governos de coligação hegemônica como o governo Fernando Belaúnde (1980-1985) e o governo do Alan Garcia (1985-1990) e, por outro lado, os governos sem partido como o governo de Alberto Fujimori (1990-2000), o governo do Alejandro Toledo (2001-2006) e Alan García (2006-2011) Para isso, descarta as explicações centralizadas no tipo de regime político e aqueles que só centralizam na institucionalização partidária ou só no personalismo Pelo contrario, este artigo propõe que a mistura dos últimos dois fatores explicam o tipo de partidismo encontrado em cada caso

O crescimento populacional, a industrialização e a expansão da agricultura no último século vêm acarretando problemas de escassez e degradação dos recursos hídricos. Desta forma, a gestão das águas passou a fazer parte das discussões políticas, sociais, econômicas e acadêmicas. A noção atual é a de que a água é um recurso finito, escasso e valorizado economicamente. Assim, a necessidade desse recurso leva fornecedores e usuários a negociarem no ambiente institucional vigente. A pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da institucionalização da cobrança da água no mercado de fornecimento para a lavoura orizícola na Região Hidrográfica do Litoral do Rio Grande do Sul. Para atender este objetivo, foram utilizados procedimentos metodológicos qualitativos, tendo como alvo produtores orizícolas e experts, distribuídos em 47 entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Inicialmente foram identificadas e caracterizadas as dimensões do arranjo institucional dos recursos hídricos e, esses resultados permitiram a construção de cinco cená rios: realista, pessimista, otimista, conformista e resistente para a cobrança pelo uso da água. Esses cenários revelaram que o mercado de fornecimento de água para a lavoura arrozeira já está legitimado socialmente. Não há intervenção do Estado, nem dos comitês de bacia hidrográfica nas negociações entre usuários e fornecedores dos serviços de irrigação. Assim, percebe-se que a cobrança do uso da água poderá afetar a formação de preços nesse mercado, mas o poder de barganha entre as partes permanecerá àque le que já está institucionalizado. / Population growth, industrialization and expansion of agriculture in the last century have caused problems of shortage and degradation of water resources. This way, water management started making part of political, social, economic and academic discussions. The current notion is that water is a finite, scarce and economically valuable resource. So, the need of such a resource leads suppliers and users to negotiate in the ongoing institutional environment. This research’s goal was evaluating the influence of the institutionalization of water tariff charge in the market that supplies rice croplands in the Hydrographic Region of Coastal Rio Grande do Sul. In order to reach that aim, qualitative methodological procedures were used, having as goal both rice growers and experts, distributed in 47 half-structured interviews. At first, one identified and characterized the dimensions of the institutional arrangement of water resources, and such results allowed the construction of five scenarios: realistic, pessimistic, optimistic, conformist and resistant about the tariff charge for water usage. These scenarios reveal that the water-supplying market for rice growing is already socially legitimized. There is no intervention either by the state or by the committees of the hydrographic basin in the negotiations between users and suppliers of irrigation services. So, it can be noticed that tariff charging on water usage may affect the formation of prices in this market, but the bargaining power between the parties will remain the one that is already institutionalized.

Made available in DSpace on 2009-11-18T18:56:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004 / This work is established by a study about the Corporate Volunteerism Program - CVP - of the Bank ABN AMRO Real, experienced in the Instituto Escola Brasil - IEB. lt aimed to analyse how occurs the fonnation process of a program like this, starting from the presupposed that what motivates this activity is the search of the social legitimacy. This analysis is done by taking into account the way that the CVP experienced in IEB fonns the conjunct of resultant actions of the assumption process of Corporate Social Responsibility - CSR - by the Bank. AIso, had another objective that was to investigate and analyse the causes of CVP adoption by the Bank, as well as the institutionalization and legitimacy grade of the IEB and CVP of the Bank. The theoretical framework comprises two parts: one looks at the contributions by various authors in the study of CSR and corporate volunteerism, and the other looks at the institutionalist approach, while attempting to apply it to the theme at issue. The research draws on semi-structured interviews, which have allowed an in-depth analysis. The conc1usions show this practice is still incipient, being on a process of institutionalization, on the analysed organization. / Este trabalho constitui-se num estudo de caso sobre o Programa de Voluntariado Empresarial - PVE - do Banco ABN AMRO Real, vivenciado no Instituto Escola Brasil - 1EB. Objetivou analisar como se dá o processo de formação de um programa dessa natureza, partindo do pressuposto de que o que motiva tal atividade é a busca de legitimidade social. Tal análise é feita levando-se em conta a maneira pela qual o PVE vivenciado no IEB se integra no conjunto das ações resultantes do processo de assunção de Responsabilidade Social Empresarial - RSE - pelo Banco. Também teve como objetivo investigar e analisar as causas da adoção do PVE pelo Banco. bem como o grau de institucionalização e legitimidade do IEB e do PVE do Banco. O referencial teórico é composto de duas partes, uma que aborda as contribuições de diversos autores para o estudo da RSE e do voluntariado empresarial, e outra que trata da abordagem institucionalista, procurando aplicá-la ao tema em questão. A pesquisa valeu-se de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, que permitiram análise em profundidade. As conclusões mostram que tal prática ainda é incipiente. encontrando-se em processo de institucionalização na organização estudada.

Submitted by Raul Loiola Coêlho Dias (raul.dias@catolica.edu.br) on 2017-08-09T15:13:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Raul_Dias_Dissertação.pdf: 6743011 bytes, checksum: 0f13509f10aa8aeff063c04b4bc29322 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2017-08-10T13:07:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Raul_Dias_Dissertação.pdf: 6743011 bytes, checksum: 0f13509f10aa8aeff063c04b4bc29322 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-18T20:08:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Raul_Dias_Dissertação.pdf: 6743011 bytes, checksum: 0f13509f10aa8aeff063c04b4bc29322 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-07 / Este estudo tem como objetivo central identificar como ocorreu o processo de institucionalização do campo organizacional da pecuária bovina do município de Bacabal – MA. Para tal se utiliza preceitos provenientes da Teoria Institucional como base teórica estruturante do presente estudo. Dentro do vasto aparato da Teoria Institucional, este trabalho aborda as perspectivas de: (i) campo organizacional; (ii) o processo de estruturação/institucionalização de campos organizacionais; e (iii) isomorfismo institucional. No que tange o percurso metodológico, a coleta de dados foi realizada, principalmente, por meio de revisão de estudos acadêmicos reconhecidos nacionalmente e internacionalmente, entrevistas semiestruturadas com pecuaristas e outros atores envolvidos no campo organizacional e observações participantes. A análise dos dados, por sua vez, tem como base a análise de conteúdo e a utilização de fragmentos textuais derivados das entrevistas para a construção dos resultados do estudo. Por fim, este estudo identifica que o campo organizacional da pecuária bovina de Bacabal – MA foi estruturado a partir da herança dos ciclos do algodão e do arroz predominantes na região dos anos 1920 até meados dos anos 1950. Com o fim dos respectivos ciclos, a região foi dominada pela agricultura de subsistência até os anos 1960. Com a migração de famílias fugitivas das secas de vários estados do Nordeste houve o fenômeno denominado êxodo rural e, desta forma, esses imigrantes iniciaram a cultivar bovinos na região. Com isso, entre os anos 1960 houve a observação de um campo em pré-formação; na década de 1970 o campo organizacional foi caracterizado como campo emergente, entre os anos 1980 e 1990 houve a expansão do campo e, por fim, a partir de 2000 o campo organizacional objeto deste estudo se transformou em um campo organizacional quase totalmente institucionalizado. O fator que justifica a institucionalização quase completa do campo organizacional é a existência de dois mapas de relacionamentos entre atores do campo organizacional distintos. O mapa de relacionamentos baseado no modelo do ator racional apresenta 13 grupos de atores e 68 subgrupos de atores; enquanto o modelo do ator institucional foi caracterizado com 10 grupos e 52 subgrupos de atores. Tal observação expõe que um grupo de atores que, em teoria, compartilham valores e atuam diretamente no campo; na prática, não os faz. Com isso, não há a institucionalização completa de um campo organizacional caso todos os atores atuantes não estejam compartilhando os mesmos valores e atuando coletivamente. Adicionalmente, neste estudo foram identificados 80 processos isomórficos praticados no campo organizacional. Com origens e finalidades diversas, os presentes processos isomórficos são de caráter normativo, coercitivo e/ou miméticos. Este trabalho ainda identifica a ação de Empreendedores Institucionais em dois períodos temporais distintos dentro do campo organizacional e o perfil organizacional do campo organizacional da pecuária bovina de Bacabal – MA. Desta forma, este trabalho se apresenta como um diferencial para o futuro da pecuária bovina do município. As mudanças organizacionais, a melhoria no relacionamento entre os atores do campo, a possibilidade de incrementar a gestão de pessoas, da qualidade e dos processos; são algumas das contribuições desse trabalho. / The main objective of this study is to identify how the institutionalization process of the bovine livestock organizational field in the city of Bacabal - MA occurred. For this purpose, this study uses precepts from the Institutional Theory as the theoretical framework structuring the present study. Within the vast apparatus of the Institutional Theory, this paper approaches the perspectives of: (i) organizational field; (Ii) the process of structuring/institutionalizing of organizational fields; and (iii) institutional isomorphism. Regarding methodological trajectory, data collection was mainly performed through a review of nationally and internationally recognized academic studies, semi-structured interviews with producers and other actors involved in the organizational field and field notes. Data analysis, in turn, is based on content analysis and the use of textual fragments derived from the interviews to construct this study’s results. Finally, this study identifies that the bovine livestock organizational field of Bacabal - MA was structured from the inheritance of the predominant cotton and rice cycles in the region from the 1920s to the mid 1950s. As these economic cycles ended, the region was dominated by subsistence agriculture until the 1960s. With the migration of refugee families from the droughts of several Northeastern states, there was a phenomenon called rural exodus and, as a result, these immigrants began to grow bovines in the region. With this, during the years of 1960 there was the observation of a field in pre-formation; in the 1970s the organizational field was characterized as an emergent field, between the 1980s and the 1990s there was expansion of the field and, finally, from years of 2000 onwards the organizational field of this study turned into an almost totally institutionalized organizational field. The factor that justifies the almost complete institutionalization of the organizational field is the existence of two different relationship maps of relationships among the organizational field actors. The relationship map based on the rational actor model presents 13 groups of actors and 68 subgroups of actors; while the institutional actor model was characterized by 10 groups and 52 subgroups of actors. Such observation exposes that a group of actors who, in theory, shares values and acts directly in the field; in practice, it does not. Thus, there is no complete institutionalization of an organizational field if all the actors involved are not sharing the same values and acting collectively. Additionally, in this study, we identified 80 isomorphic processes practiced in the organizational field. With diverse origins and purposes, the present isomorphic processes are of normative character (in which there is homogenization of practices through the qualification of the workforce involved in the organizational field); coercive (the imitation of processes developed in the field by laws or social pressures); and/or mimetics (mirroring practices developed from uncertainties). This work also identifies the action of Institutional Entrepreneurs in two distinct temporal periods within the organizational field and the organizational profile of the bovine livestock organizational field of Bacabal - MA. Thus, this work presents itself as a differential for the future of the bovine livestock production of the city. Organizational changes, improvement in the relationship between actors in the field, the possibility of developing human resources, quality and processes management; are some of the contributions of this study.

Submitted by Gilvan Almeida (gilvan.almeida@icict.fiocruz.br) on 2016-09-26T14:06:08Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) 203.pdf: 1965470 bytes, checksum: 6bfe6cfcb88f82b1c3d90e545a26aaee (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Barata Manoel (msbarata@coc.fiocruz.br) on 2016-10-04T19:29:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) 203.pdf: 1965470 bytes, checksum: 6bfe6cfcb88f82b1c3d90e545a26aaee (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-04T19:29:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) 203.pdf: 1965470 bytes, checksum: 6bfe6cfcb88f82b1c3d90e545a26aaee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Casa de Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. / Eduardo Estrella Aguirre (Tabacundo, 1941 Quito, 1996) foi um médico psiquiatra que incursionou no estudo do passado científico equatoriano através da história social da ciência, tendo formado parte da Sociedade Latino-Americana de História das Ciências e da Tecnologia desde 1984. O presente trabalho estuda sua trajetória intelectual e profissional no período compreendido entre 1959 e 1987, com o objetivo de compreender as condições socioculturais locais e internacionais do surgimento da segunda geração latino-americana de historiadores das ciências na década de 1980. O período de 1959 a 1987 da vida de Estrella contempla sua educação universitária em Quito, sua especialização médica na Espanha, sua profissionalização em órgãos públicos equatorianos de educação e serviços médicos, e sua transformação em historiador das ciências através de pós-graduações em história em Quito e em Madrid. As fontes primárias utilizadas foram sua obra intelectual no período apontado e a documentação de seu arquivo pessoal e dos órgãos em que estudou e trabalhou. A análise de sua trajetória permite-nos concluir que as tarefas acadêmicas de Estrella sempre estiveram estreitamente vinculadas aos fatores culturais, sociais e históricos da medicina no Equador. Por isso, seu interesse pela história das ciências foi consequência da importância que deu aos aspectos socioculturais relacionados com a medicina. / Eduardo Estrella Aguirre (Tabacundo, 1941 – Quito, 1996) was a psychiatrist who studied Ecuador’s scientific past under the social history of science context and founded part of the Latin American Society of History of Science and Technology in 1984. This paper studies his intellectual and professional career in the period between 1959 and 1987 in order to understand local and international cultural conditions of the emergence of the second generation of historians of Latin American science in the 1980s. The period from 1959 to 1987 of Estrella’s life provides an insight into his university education in Quito, medical specialization in Spain, professional career in Ecuadorian public institutions for education and medical services, and the development to historian of science through postgraduate studies in history from Quito and Madrid. The primary sources used were his intellectual work in the indicated period and documents from his personal archive and from entities in which he studied and worked. The analysis of his career allows us to conclude that Estrella’s academic work was always closely linked to the cultural, social and historical factors of medicine in Ecuador. Therefore, his interest in the history of science was a consequence of the importance he gave to the sociocultural aspects of medicine.