The purpose of this essay is to examine whether visiting noblemen at the castles of Borgholm and Kalmar with their vast network of acquaintances can determine a tendency towards a political stance in the civil war of Sweden in the late 16th century. This is done by examining the guests and the company of the bailiff, born as a commoner but later governor and nobleman, Christoffer Gyllengrip Andersson, who in the end of the century would perish in the same manner as many of the peerage who fell at the bloodbath of Linköping in the year 1600. The networks are analyzed with the help of accountings and census records from the above mentioned castles between the years 1579-1592 whereon by the year 1593 the following national as well as local events will be analyzed and presented until the year 1600. The essay shows that allegiance to one or the other side can be seen to certain degree in the presented era delving into Kalmar Castle generally, allthough the true nature of one’s political ideals become most visible in the later 1590s when the noblemen actually are forced to take sides, instead of the double-agent poppycock of which they were in the antecedent decade of 1580. The essay shows that the information given by the census-records can be anchored in history’s more famous line such as when Olof Andersson Oxehufvud (one of many) is assigned as governor in the year 1594 to prevent the eminent empowerment of his uncle Karl, Duke of Södermanland, Närke and Värmland.

Utbytesstudenter har i tidigare studier identifierats som ett betydelsefullt segment inom ungdomsturismen, däremot har många destinationer inte tagit tillvara på de fördelar denna grupp för med sig. Denna studie undersökte vilka fördelar Kalmars utbytesstudenter förde med sig till staden. Eftersom tidigare studier har identifierat de tre största fördelarna som ekonomiska, kulturella och marknadsföring blev det dessa tre kategorier som vi valde att undersöka i vår studie. Denna studie bygger på en enkätundersökning och tre olika former av intervjuer.   Ur ett ekonomiskt perspektiv visade vår studie att Kalmars utbytesstudenter betalade en levnadskostnad, de förde med sig besökare och de reste i staden, regionen, i övriga Sverige och Europa under sitt utbyte. Många av studenterna kunde även tänka sig att återvända till Kalmar i framtiden. När det kom till marknadsföring visade vår undersökning att majoriteten av utbytesstudenterna hade en positiv bild utav Kalmar. De flesta använde sig även av sociala medier och en stor del av dessa uppgav att de skrivit om eller nämnt Kalmar i sina uppdateringar. Majoriteten av studenterna kunde även tänka sig att rekommendera Kalmar till framtida utbytesstudenter. Den största kulturella påverkan utbytesstudenter har på en destination är att de utsätter värdbefolkningen för andra kulturer, men för att detta ska kunna ske behöver de interagera med värddestinationen. Vår undersökning visade att i Kalmar sker inte detta fullt ut, studenterna själva kände att de sällan interagerade med värdbefolkningen under sin tid här.   Vår slutsats blev att ur ett ekonomiskt och kulturellt perspektiv kunde vi inte med säkerhet säga till vilken utsträckning utbytesstudenterna kan anses vara en betydelsefull grupp för Kalmar. Däremot såg vi att ur ett marknadsföringsperspektiv fanns flertalet fördelar. Slutsatsen blev därmed att även om vi inte kunde mäta utsträckningen av de olika fördelarna så finns dessa och bör tas tillvara på av Kalmar. / Exchange students has been seen as an important segment of youth tourism according to previous studies of the topic, nevertheless have destinations failed to see the connection between the group and the advantages that comes with. This study aimed to investigate what kind of advantages the exchange students of Kalmar brings to the city. Previous research discusses the biggest advantages as economic, cultural and marketing, these three became the categories we investigated in our study. The study is based on a survey and three interviews.   Our study showed that the exchange students in Kalmar payed basic living costs. They also brought visitors and travelled around the destination as well as to other Swedish and European cities. They proved to have long term economic advantages since many of them planned to come back in the future. The result of the study when it came to marketing was that most of the students had a positive image of Kalmar, most of them also used social media and talked about or mentioned Kalmar in their updates. Many of the students would also recommend Kalmar to future exchange students. The biggest cultural impact according to previous research was that exchange students expose the host society for different cultures, however this can only happen if the exchange students gets the chance to interact with the local people and students at the destination. Our study showed that the exchange students did to some extent interact with the local students but not very much with the local society.   Our conclusion became that we couldn’t say for sure to what extent exchange students affected Kalmar from an economic and cultural perspective. But we can say that from the marketing perspective the exchange students brought some advantages. We think that even though we cannot say for sure to what extent the students affect Kalmar, we do believe that the advantages that comes with the exchange students needs to be addressed and recognized by the destination and its actors.

In this essay, we take a step into Kalmar prison that was constructed in 1852 and explore how many women were enrolled in the prison's church records between the years 1852 to 1883. This is then put into perspective to the more national statistics that are available. The main source material is the Swedish Prison and Probation Service's church books and the Swedish Central Bureau of Statistics' own reports from the years 1852 to 1883. The conclusion is that there is a big difference in terms of male and female representation in the statistics. The suggestive humanization of the prison environment, combined with the innovations and societal changes of the industrial revolution, results in a drastic reduction in the total number of female prisoners represented in the prison church records at the end of the study.

Climate change with a warmer climate will place higher demands on the management of drinking water by both municipalities and the population. Municipalities are forced to adapt through both technical and physical measures to cope with water supply. In Sweden, both surface and groundwater are used as drinking water.  The purpose of the study was to map the water strategies of the municipalities Borgholm, Högsby, Hultsfred and Mörbylånga in case of water shortages. Furthermore, the study examines how the management of water shortages differs in the municipalities and how adapted each municipality is to future climates. The study reviewed master plans, VA plans and VA policy and interviews with the municipalities Borgholm, Högsby, Hultsfred and Mörbylånga.  Based on the interviews with the municipalities, it was found that there was a difference between the mainland municipalities and Öland. It showed, for example, that Öland has access to salt water and hence the municipalities on Öland can use saltwater treatment technology, while the municipalities such as Högsby and Hultsfred do not have that possibility. Instead, the mainland municipalities use artificial infiltration to strengthen their groundwater supply. What can also be seen is that almost all municipalities state that they lack a complete waterplan and climate plan. And that future climate change is assumed to be a problem for future drinking water supply.

På Kalmar Länssjukhus har det varit problematiskt att lokalisera rullstolar på sjukhusets område. För att underlätta den dagliga verksamheten kring dessa rullstolar har sensorer uppkopplade till LoRaWAN varit en möjlig lösning. Detta projekt har därför undersökt om LoRaWAN tillsammans med ett positioneringssystem uppfyller kriterierna för att vara en lämplig lösning.  De parametrar som undersökts var noggrannheten för geografisk positionsbestämning av en sensor, signalstyrkan och väntetiden för signalöverföringen. För att mäta de önskade parametrarna användes sensorer kopplade till spårningssystemet Traxmate. Sensorns geografiska position beräknades i Traxmate genom trilateration där MAC – adresser hos närliggande Wi – Fi accesspunkter utnyttjades. Spårningssystemet kunde därmed hämta rådata från sensorerna som därefter sammanställdes i MATLAB. Resultatet visade att LoRaWAN i sig kan vara lämpligt i en sjukhusmiljö. Däremot finns det brister i positioneringssystemet som bör vidareutvecklas för att kunna rekommenderas till ett sjukhus. / Kalmar Länssjukhus has been experiencing difficulties with localization of wheelchairs in the hospital area. In order to facilitate the work of the staff who are searching for the wheelchairs, sensors connected to the LoRaWAN wireless network can be used. Thus, this project has evaluated LoRaWAN together with a positioning system to determine whether the solution is suitable for a hospital environment.  The evaluated parameters where the accuracy of geographical position determination of a sensor, the received signal strength indicator, and the delayed time for the transmission of a signal. Sensors connected to the Traxmate tracking system were used to measure the desired parameters. The sensor’s geographical position was calculated in Traxmate by trilateration where MAC – addresses of nearby Wi – Fi access points were used. The tracking system was thus able to retrieve raw data from the sensors which were then compiled in MATLAB. The results showed that the wireless network structure LoRaWAN satisfied the criteria for usage in a hospital environment. However, the positioning system showed some flaws and thus it should be further investigated in order to be recommended for usage in a hospital environment.

In the essay, Kalmar's investment in sports tourism is being investigated. It has been a new venture since 2012. The purpose was to find out how the investment has affected Kalmar and what effects have arisen from the investment. In the paper, seven interviews have been conducted with people in Kalmar, and a questionnaire has also been conducted to answer the questions of the essay. The study has shown how Kalmar works with sports tourism, what economic, social and environmental impacts have emerged and in which direction the venture has evolved.

Forskningsfråga: Vad finns det för bidragande faktorer till skapandet av förväntningar och upplevelser på Kalmar Slott och hur påverkas deras marknadsföring av dessa faktorer? Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att klargöra på vilket sätt Kalmar Slott arbetar med kundernas förväntningar och upplevelser. Vi vill därmed undersöka vilka faktorer som bidrar till skapandet av förväntningar och upplevelser. Metod: Studien är genomförd med en kvalitativ metod och grundar sig i en induktiv forskningsansats. Studien är en fallstudie på Kalmar Slott och det empiriska materialet grundar sig i semistrukturerade intervjuer. Slutsatser: Resultatet av studien visar vilka faktorer som påverkar Kalmar Slotts arbete med skapandet av förväntningar och upplevelser och hur de påverkar marknadsföringen. Vi har identifierat fem stycken sådana faktorer, vilka är: traditionell marknadskommunikation, sociala medier, word of mouth, autenticitet samt personal. Studien visar också att Kalmar Slott integrerar många av dessa faktorer i sitt arbete för att kunna skapa en service av hög kvalitet. / Purpose: The purpose of this study is to clarify how Kalmar Castle works with customers’ expectations and experiences. We would therefore like to examine the contributing factors to the creation of expectations and experiences. Research question: What are the contributing factors for the creation of expectations and experiences at Kalmar Castle, and how is their marketing affected by these factors? Method: The study is conducted with a qualitative method and is based on an inductive research approach. The study is a case study of Kalmar Castle and the empirical data is based on semistructured interviews. Conclusion: The result of the study show what factors affect Kalmar Castle’s work with creating expectations and experiences and how these factors influence the marketing. We have identified five such factors and these are: Traditional marketing communications, social media, word of mouth, authenticity, and the employees. The study also shows that Kalmar Castle integrates many of these factors in their efforts to create a high quality service.

This is a qualitative study about Kalmar municipality. The purpose of the studyis to problematize Kalmar municipality's organizational and political conditions for the implementation of lgbtqi issues in elderly care. This problematization means to draw attention to whether older lgbtqi people in elderly care receive equal care and good treatment. Historically has lgbtqi been seen as a norm-breaking behaviour. Older lgbtqi people mostly live in hiding. Even today, the structure of society is built according to norms and values that affect the right of older lgbtqi-people to be themselves. The study builds on semi-structured interviews. The interviews have been conducted in real life, digitally and through email with nine informants. The informants are working in Kalmar municipality as either politicians, business developers, municipal commissioners, municipal directors or other officials who work with issues regarding equal elderly care. Some informants have had more expertise regarding lgbtqi issues. Research and the interviews have contributed to a greater understanding and created different themes. The themes are prerequisites for implementation, challenges for implementation, knowledge and competence and treatment. During the interviews, various factors emerged that contributed to subheadings for each theme. Examples of factors shown are collaboration, open communication and commitment, budget, attitudes and structure. Analysis was performed by the use of the structuration theory. The theory of structuration means that actors and activities together influence how social structures are designed and changed in society. The result shows that more attention and work is needed around lgbtqi issues in the elderly care in Kalmar municipality. Kalmar municipality is undergoing a reorganization that may have an impact on the social work with lgbtqi. The results also show that knowledge and competence are limited in Kalmar municipality. Some factors that can have an affect on knowledge and competence are budget, time, open communication and commitment to the subject. Keywords: Kalmar municipality, implementation, lgbtqi-action plan, lgbtqi, elderly care, treatment, equal care

The aim of my PhD work is to study how heritage and archaeological knowledge can be applied in practice to meet the aims of Agenda 2030, in particular goal no.11 Sustainable cities and communities. This licentiate thesis serves to provide a foundation for this research. Here, I investigate how Swedish contract archaeology can contribute to sustainable development. First, I analyse how government policy and regulations convey the relation between sustainable development and contract archaeology in practice, and examine how professionals within the contract archaeological system see that they can work with sustainability issues in practice. The results show that there is a gap between policy and practice which is mainly connected to the understanding of sustainable development as a concept and not a practice. This may potentially limit Swedish contract archaeology´s ability to play an active role in sustainability practice. In a case study, I research a modern urban planning project in Kalmar, Valnötsträdet, where contract archaeology played a decisive role in the planning process. By analysing the project process from a sustainability perspective and interviewing participants, I come to the conclusion that contract archaeology´s significant role in the project was due to the ability of individual persons to see the value of using a holistic working method and archaeological knowledge to strengthen the planning process. However, the results also show that archaeology and archaeological heritage have an inherent attraction that can cause imbalances between values ​​in a manner that potentially affects sustainable urban development if not taken into account and managed throughout the process. Although research has established that heritage and archaeology has an important role to play in the achievement of environmental, economic and social sustainability, there are still few practical examples of this. The results of this licentiate thesis point to the fact that the sector still needs to develop an understanding of sustainability as a practice in order for this to change.

Bakgrund: Penningtvätt är ett stort problem i dagens samhälle och ett problem som den finansiella sektorn jobbar med dagligen. Inriktningen på vår studie är att undersöka hur bankanställda uppfattar att de blir styrda av regler i det förebyggande arbetet mot penningtvätt.  Syfte: Syftet med studien är att studera och analysera hur bankanställda inom Nordea Rådgivning Kalmar uppfattar att de styrs av regler inom ramen för det förebyggande arbetet med penningtvätt. Studien bidrar därmed till ökad kunskap kring hur regler kan implementeras som styrmekanism i komplexa tjänsteorganisationer.  Metod: Metoden för den här studien är baserad på en fallstudie med semi-strukturerade intervjuer för den empiriska datainsamlingen. Studien är av kvalitativ karaktär och har en induktiv ansats med deduktiva inslag. Slutsats: De anställda uppfattar att de blir styrda av regler genom ett hierarkiskt system där riktlinjer från huvudkontoret förmedlas ut till de anställda genom den compliance- ansvarige. De blir även styrda av både explicita och implicita regler i form av krav på vilken kompetens och kännedom de måste inneha för att kunna genomföra det förebyggande arbetet mot penningtvätt.