Denna forskningsstudie fokuserar på den praktiska hjälp som krävs för en lyckad karriärövergång. Med det som grund har det gjorts intervjuer med före detta spelare, föreningar, förbund och intresseorganisationer. Intervjuerna har svarat på vilken hjälp som erbjuds från föreningarna, förbundens och intresseorganisationerna. Vems ansvar  det ligger på att hjälpa spelaren, vad mer som kan göras för att underlätta denna karriärövergång i praktiken samt vilken extern hjälp som erbjuds från föreningarna. Avgräningarna gjordes till manliga idrottare inom fotboll och ishockey samt högsta nivån i respektive idrott.  Teorierna som applicerats på resultaten av intervjuerna är Pierre Bourdieus teori Klassbegreppen och det symboliska perspektivet.  Resultatet visar på att den praktiska hjälpen finns från föreningar och externa aktörer inom idrotterna. Dock behövs det göras mer från alla inblandade, även spelarna. I samband med detta måste även alla ta sin del av ansvaret för att ett hållbart arbete ska kunna etableras.

I detta examensarbete har vi valt att titta närmare på den rådande pandemins påverkanpå gymnasieungdomar på restaurang- och livsmedelsprogrammet, derasstudiemotivation och framtidsplanering. Syftet är att få en förståelse för hur dessaungdomars studiemotivation och framtidsplanering präglas av pandemin. I delen omtidigare forskning går vi igenom forskning om distansundervisning, digitalisering ochövrig relevant forskning. Studier visar exempelvis att vi under 2020 kan se en tydligökning av arbetslöshet i och med pandemin. Som en följd av den osäkraarbetsmarknaden har det också skett en ökning av ansökningar till högre studier. Detråder olika uppfattningar om distansundervisningens påverkan på måendet blandungdomar. Ogynnsamma förhållanden i hemmet är något som visats kan påverka bådeinlärning och motivation. Lärandet är även något som påvisats försämrats underdistansundervisningen. I det teoretiska avsnittet lyfter vi karriärteorierna The power ofuncertainty av Gelatt & Gelatt samt Careership av Hodkinson & Sparkes, vilka harrelevans för hur personer kan botanisera i en snabbt föränderlig omvärld samt hurkarriärutveckling formas. Genom kvalitativa intervjuer belyser vi upplevdakonsekvenser av pandemin för gymnasieungdomar i årskurs 3 idag och inför framtiden.Vi har bearbetat det insamlade materialet från intervjuerna genom innehållsanalys. Iresultatet kan vi se att informanterna har olika uppfattning om hur pandemin harpåverkat deras nuvarande situation och framtidsplanering. Studiemotivationen är någotsom nästan samtliga informanter menar har påverkats negativt i och meddistansundervisningen, medan det råder en positiv uppfattning om framtiden förrestaurangbranschen. Något vi kan se bland våra informanter är att fem av sex har sökteller funderar på att söka sig till högre studier på grund av arbetsmarknaden ochrestaurangbranschen som för närvarande upplevs svår att ta sig in på.

The aim of this study is to examine and analyse the career transitions from amateur to elite level for male soccer players in Swedish elite football clubs and to identify which factors that affects and develops the player linked to this process. Research material has been collected through semi-structured qualitative interviews with professional players in Swedish elite football clubs to answer the research questions of this study. The theoretical framework from which the collected material has been analysed is The holistic athletic career model which provides an opportunity to investigate the phenomen on a multidimensional and holistic way (Wylleman, Reints & De knop, 2013). The results suggests that there are several differences between being an amateur and a professional elite football player in Swedish football clubs. Also, that a career transition from amateur level to professional level for a player is considered being problematic and difficult. The result of this study adds new knowledge to the previous research by identifying significant internal and external factors that are considered crucial for a football players transition to be able to play at a professional elite level within a Swedish elite football club. The most prominent significant factors that are considered to be crucial is a mental strength, the ability to deal with setbacks and a clear target image, as well as support from family, coaches and teammates in the players environment. In this way, this study contributes with a new insight into the subject area which complements the previous research that has previously been studied.

Att drabbas av förvärvad hjärnskada kan medföra begränsningar på arbetsmarknaden där individen inte längre har som alternativ att återgå till tidigare arbete och därmed tvingas göra nya karriärval. Syftet med vår undersökning är att ta reda på hur personer med förvärvad hjärnskada upplever och hanterar den karriärförändring skadan medfört samt vilka faktorer som kan ha betydelse för dem i skapandet av ny karriär. Våra frågeställningar är: Hur upplever personer med förvärvad hjärnskada sin nya karriärsituation? Hur hanterar och genomför de sin nya karriärsituation? Vilka faktorer har haft betydelse för dem i skapandet av ny karriär? För att kunna besvara frågeställningarna har vi genomfört kvalitativa intervjuer med åtta personer som drabbats av förvärvad hjärnskada vilket inneburit ofrivilligt karriärbyte. Resultaten analyserades sedan utifrån teorierna Känsla av sammanhang (KASAM) samt Social cognitive career theory (SCCT). Studien visar bland annat på att den personliga inställningen till karriärsituationen samt omgivningens stöd eller icke-stöd var faktorer som i hög grad påverkade skapandet av ny karriär. De flesta av våra respondenter upplevde också meningsfullhet i sin karriärsituation vilket påverkade hanteringen av densamma. / An acquired brain injury can cause labour market constraints where the individual no longer has the option of returning to previous work and thus having to make new career choices. The purpose of our study is to investigate how people with acquired brain injury experience and manage the career change caused by the injury, as well as illuminate what factors may be relevant to them in the creation of a new career. Our questions are: How do people with acquired brain injury experience their new career situation? How do they manage and implement their new career situation? What factors have been important to them in the creation of a new career? To answer these questions, we have conducted qualitative interviews with eight people affected by acquired brain injury, resulting in involuntary career change. The results were then analysed based on the Theories of Context (KASAM) and the Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT).In this study, we found that the personal attitude towards the career situation and the environment's support or non-support were factors that greatly influenced the creation of a new career. Most of our respondents also felt meaningful in their new career situation, which affected their handling.

<p>This study was made to examine how successful elite Swedish equestrian athletes perceived their transition from junior to senior level. The objectives were a) to examine Young Riders perceived demands, resources and barriers in the transition to elite seniors, and b) to examine the riders’ coping strategies, perceived quality and lessons learned from the transition. The study involved six informants (n = 6), including three females and three males (1 event rider, 2 show jumpers and 3 dressage riders). Participants were between 25-31 years of age (m = 27). A semi-structured interview guide was developed for equestrian sport and based on the Athletic Career Transition Model (Stambulova, 1997, 2003) and the Develomental Model (Wylleman & Lavallee, 2004). The results show that participants perceived emotional support as an important resource and had the ability to set long term goals. They used problem focused- and approach-cognitive coping strategies in a successful way in order to manage their perceived demands and barriers during their transition to the senior level.</p>

This study was made to examine how successful elite Swedish equestrian athletes perceived their transition from junior to senior level. The objectives were a) to examine Young Riders perceived demands, resources and barriers in the transition to elite seniors, and b) to examine the riders’ coping strategies, perceived quality and lessons learned from the transition. The study involved six informants (n = 6), including three females and three males (1 event rider, 2 show jumpers and 3 dressage riders). Participants were between 25-31 years of age (m = 27). A semi-structured interview guide was developed for equestrian sport and based on the Athletic Career Transition Model (Stambulova, 1997, 2003) and the Develomental Model (Wylleman & Lavallee, 2004). The results show that participants perceived emotional support as an important resource and had the ability to set long term goals. They used problem focused- and approach-cognitive coping strategies in a successful way in order to manage their perceived demands and barriers during their transition to the senior level.

There have been numerous of examples where former elite athletes have had a problem with adaptingto the life as a civilian. Research has shown that it is common among former athletes to experiencenegative emotions when ending an elite career in sports. What separated the ones who successfullymoved on to achieve greatness outside of the sports environment? This study was about female formerelite athletes which have a senior position and their views on what role the elite career had on theirfollowing career. The purpose of the study was to examine what generic traits, knowledges and skillsthat elite sports can help to develop and that is usable in a senior position. The study also aimed togain knowledge about how female former elite athletes from the county of Vasterbotten, Sweden,experienced and handled the transition from elite sports to the life as a civilian. To answer thesequestions eight interviews were conducted with female former elite athletes from a variety of sports.The main result showed that there were several factors that helped these former elite athletes tohandle the transitional phase in a good way. They all agreed that elite sports helped to develop goaldetermination, a will to continually evolve, manage both success and adversity and lastly teamworkand social skills. Regarding how their athletic career influenced the job opportunities following theircareer termination, the study found that their athletic career had either a direct or indirect influence.

The purpose of the study was to investigate cultural transition experience in elite football. More specifically, to explore three Swedish football players experience of their first transition abroad when relocating to play professional football in Europe. A narrative inquiry approach was used, with help of the cultural transition model (Ryba, Stambulova, &amp; Ronkainen, 2016) a semi-structured interview guide was created. The cultural transition model was also used as a lens for analyzing the data. The participants were non-randomly sampled and recruited with help from the Swedish Football Federation. Four players responded positively and initiated the interview, three was fully conducted while one dropped out. The data were analyzed with holistic-content and categorical-content analysis to show three unique pathways but also common themes of their cultural transitions. The first result showed the uniqueness of the players pathways; preparing for the worst and saved by the football bubble, taking responsibility and a key role as a foreign player to gain respect in the team, and a big step for personal development: from homesickness to being hungry for more. Secondly, the result showed that the participant shared experience in the cultural transition process which are presented in 12 themes (e.g. Pre-transition phase: satisfaction in Swedish club before leaving, Acute cultural adaptation phase: adjustment in football as first priority in host culture, and Sociocultural adaptation: perceived ability and efficacy to adjust to new cultural settings). In conclusion, adaptation in football was prioritized during the first period of relocation, that means that they fully invested to show that they were good. However, after this first phase, having a meaningful life besides football became one of the most important things to feel satisfied. Although there are still questions unanswered regarding cultural transition in elite football, implications to Swedish Football Federation were given in further working with professional players who go abroad.

The purpose of the study was to examine former men's elite hockey players' experiences of the transition from sports to careers afterwards. All participants have played in the Swedish Hockey League (SHL) which is the highest hockey league in Sweden. Eleven interviewees participated in the survey, only men aged 35-53 (M = 43, SD = 5.29). The study used a semi-structured interview guide to conduct the interviews and it was produced using the holistic career development model (Wylleman, 2019) and the athletic career transition model (Stambulova, 2009). The results showed that all participants experienced challenges in making the career transition from elite hockey players to civilian life. The biggest challenges were an uncertainty about the future in the form of not knowing what to do after their elite career. The participants felt that the support from family, friends and the club were important resources during the transition. Barriers that emerged were unpredictable transitions in the form of injuries, many participants focused only on sports, did not see that there is a life after the career and that one day there will be an end to the sports career. The coping strategies that the participants highlighted were to use a double career by studying sports or working when given the opportunity, to be aware of the career after elite hockey in the form of preparations for working life. / Syftet med studien var att undersöka före detta herr elithockeyspelares upplevelser av övergången från idrott till karriären efteråt. Samtliga deltagare har spelat i den Svenska Hockeyligan (SHL) vilket är den högsta hockeyligan i Sverige. I undersökningen deltog elva intervjupersoner, enbart män i åldrarna 35–53 (M=43, SD=5.29). I studien användes en semistrukturerad intervjuguide för att genomföra intervjuerna och den togs fram med hjälp av holistiska karriärutvecklingsmodellen (Wylleman, 2019) och karriärutvecklingsmodellen (Stambulova, 2009). Resultatet presenteras utefter studiens frågeställningar som består av utmaningar, resurser, barriärer och copingstrategier vid karriärövergången. Resultatet påvisade att samtliga deltagare upplevde utmaningar med att göra karriärövergången från elithockeyspelare till civila livet. De största utmaningarna var en osäkerhet på framtiden i form av att de inte vet vad de ska göra efter elitkarriären. Deltagarna upplevde att stödet från familj, vänner och förening var viktiga resurser under övergången. Barriärer som framkom var oförutsägbar övergång i form av skador, många deltagare fokuserade endast på idrotten, såg inte att det finns ett liv efter karriären och att det en dag kommer ett avslut på idrottskarriären. De copingstrategier som deltagarna lyfte fram var att använda sig av en dubbel karriär genom att studera upptill idrotten eller att arbeta när tillfälle gavs, att vara medveten om karriären efter elithockeyn i form av förberedelser inför arbetslivet.

The purpose of the study was to examine coaches’ experiences of working with RIU (Riksidrottsuniversitet)-dual career (DC) athletes with foci on the coaches’ DC awareness, perceived challenges, resources, and strategies. The authors of this study conducted 9 interviews, including both men and women, ranging from 23 to 54 years of age (M=33.33, SD=10.20). Through combining the holistic athletic career model (Wylleman, 2019) and the athletic career transition model (Stambulova, 2003), semistructured interview guides were designed and applied by the authors. The results showed a lack of awareness regarding what the RIU concept entailed for the coaches, and their greatest challenge was to help their athletes remain focused on their practice. The coaches expressed that the most important resources were the coaches’ own professional support network, as well as the athletes’ support network, which would aid the coaches in their work. The coaches had difficulties with articulating what strategies they utilized when helping their student-athletes, though they could still explain situations in which that they had acted in certain ways to help ease the demands for the DC-athlete. These strategies were “planning together with the athlete” and “adjusting schedules in line with the student-athletes demands”. The results of the study highlight the need for a better communication between the coaches and the schools, in terms of optimizing the environment for the student-athletes. / Syftet med studien var att undersöka tränares upplevelser av att arbeta med studentidrottare, med fokus på deras upplevda utmaningar, resurser och strategier. Författarna till uppsatsen genomförde nio intervjuer, vilket inkluderade både män och kvinnor från 23 till 54 års ålder (M = 33,33, SD = 10,20). Genom att kombinera Holistiska karriärutvecklingmodellen (Wylleman, 2019) och Karriärövergångsmodellen (Stambulova, 2003) designades semistrukturerade intervjuguider av författarna. Resultaten visade brist på insikt i RIU (Riksidrottsuniversitet) konceptet från tränarna och deras största utmaning var att hjälpa idrottare att behålla sitt fokus under träningarna. Tränarna uttryckte att den viktigaste resursen var tränarnas egna professionella stödnätverk, tillsammans med idrottarnas egna stödnätverk, vilket bidrog till att tränarna kunde behålla fokus på sin egen uppgift. Tränarna hade svårigheter att formulera de strategier som de använde sig av när de hjälpte sina studentidrottare. Dock, kunde de fortfarande förklara situationer när de hade agerat på särskilda sätt för att hjälpa underlätta kraven för studentidrottaren. Dessa strategier var “planering tillsammans med idrottaren” och “anpassa scheman i enlighet med studentidrottarens krav”. Resultaten av uppsatsen önskar belysa att det behövs en bättre kommunikation mellan tränaren och skolorna för att kunna optimera miljön för studentidrottare.