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The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers
to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is
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Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
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Showing 131 to 140 of 140 (0.013 seconds)| 131 |
Plaaslike owerhede se primêre gesondheidsafdelings : 'n verpleegbestuurperspektiefHarris, Ragel Susanna 11 1900 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Die doel van die sensus was om 'n perspektief te verkry oar die bestuur van plaaslike owerhede in die Vrystaat se primere gesondheidsafdelings deur verpleegkundiges. Faktore rakende die omvang van die verpleegkundige in beheer se bestuursfunksies, die werksverhoudinge tussen hulle en hul hoofde, hul optimale benutting ten opsigte van bestuur en sekere aspekte van hul bestuursopleiding is ge"ldentifiseer as belangrike komponente.
Ontleding van data het getoon dat verpleegkundiges en hoofde van mekaar verskil ten opsigte van hul sienings rakende die bestuursfunksies van die verpleegkundige in beheer. Werksverhoudinge tussen die verpleegkundiges en hul direkte toesighouer is nie altyd bevredigend nie. Die swak benutting van hul bestuursvaardighede blyk vir die verpleegkundiges in beheer onaanvaarbaar te wees. Sekere aspekte van die bestuursopleiding van verpleegkundiges behoort aandag te geniet. Plaaslike owerhede behoort aan verpleegkundiges geleenthede vir voortgesette bestuursopleiding te bied. Aanbevelings om die optimale benutting van verpleegkundiges in beheer van primere gesondheidsafdelings van plaaslike owerhede te bevorder, is geformuleer. / The purpose of this census was to obtain a perspective on the management of primary health services of local authorities by nurses in the Free State. Factors regarding the extent of management in primary health care services by nurses, working relationships between them and their superiors, their optimal utilisation with regard to management and certain aspects of their managerial training, were identified as important components.
Analysis of data indicated that nurses and their superiors differ from one another regarding their views on managerial functions of the nurses in charge. Working relationships between nurses in charge and their superiors were not always satisfactory. Nurses found the poor utilization of their management skills unacceptable. Certain aspects of the managerial training of nurses should receive attention. Local authorities should provide opportunities for ongoing managerial training for nurses. Recommendations to utilise nurses in charge of primary health care services optimally, were formulated. / Health Studies / M.A.
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La concession française de Tianjin : une histoire connectée de l 'expansion des concessions étrangères en Chine (1846-1946) / The French Concession of Tianjin : a connected history of the expansion of foreign settlements in China (1846-1946)Chabaille, Fleur 09 October 2015 (has links)
Cette thèse cherche à offrir de nouveaux éclairages sur le déploiement territorial des concessions étrangères en Chine aux XIXe et XXe siècles. Bien que la période étudiée s’étende de 1846 à la rétrocession des dernières concessions en 1946, un accent particulier est placé sur la décennie 1910 qui annonce l’essoufflement définitif des logiques expansionnistes. La première partie s’articule autour de l’analyse du projet d’extension mené par la Municipalité française de Tianjin de 1902 à 1946 dans le quartier de Laoxikai 老西開. Cet exemple emblématique sert de pilier et de tremplin pour l’écriture d’une histoire connectée de l’expansion des concessions étrangères. Le cas d’étude centré sur Tianjin permet de structurer la réflexion qui s’élargit, dans une deuxième partie, à Shanghai et Hankou. La mise en perspective de ces trois villes dévoile les principes et conditions dans lesquels évoluent les impérialismes étrangers en Chine, du rôle moteur joué par leur compétition mutuelle aux mécanismes d’échange et d’accommodement avec les fonctionnaires officiels et les citadins chinois. Elle révèle également la difficile posture et la faiblesse de l’Etat central avant et après la Révolution de 1911, ainsi que la complexité des rapports entre autorités nationales et locales. Elle représente enfin un observatoire privilégié d'une frange de la société chinoise des ports ouverts dont les modes d’expression et de contestation connaissent un tournant significatif durant les années 1910. La mise en connexion de ces mutations croisées conduit à nuancer tant le grand récit historiographique d’un impérialisme occidental triomphant que les représentations orthodoxes associées au nationalisme « moderne » chinois. / This thesis aims to further clarify the territorial deployment of foreign settlements in China in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Although the period examined extends from 1846 to the retrocession of the last concessions in 1946, special emphasis is placed on the 1910s, a decade which spelled the end of expansionist logic. The first part analyzes the project of expansion led by the French Municipality of Tianjin from 1902 to 1946 in the Laoxikai District 老西開. This symbolic example serves both as pillar and springboard for writing a connected history of the expansion of foreign settlements. The case study on Tianjin provides a clearer analysis that encompasses Shanghai and Hankou in the second part. Establishing a perspective on the three cities reveals the principles and conditions under which foreign imperialism evolved in China, where mutually competing forces played leading roles. Further, it captures and illustrates the mechanisms of exchange and compromise engaged with Chinese officials and urban citizens. It also discloses the difficult position and weakness of the Chinese State before and after the 1911 Revolution, and the complexity of the relationship between national and local authorities. Finally, it offers a unique vantage point from which to observe sections of Chinese society within the treaty ports whose forms of expression and protest experienced a significant turning point in the 1910s. Relationships between these intertwined evolutions challenge both the dominant historiographical narrative on Western triumphant imperialism and orthodox representations associated with Chinese "modern" nationalism.
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ENTI TERRITORIALI MINORI NELL'ARCHITETTURA EUROPEA / LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN EUROPEAN ARCHITECTUREMARZETTA, CRISTIAN 16 April 2018 (has links)
Negli ultimi decenni si segnalano due linee di tendenza in Europa: il ravvicinamento delle normative che interessano gli Enti territoriali minori (Comuni, Province e Città metropolitane), con una valorizzazione di tali realtà (ad eccezione della fase successiva alla recente crisi economica) ed un processo di progressivo spostamento delle decisioni dagli Stati membri all’Unione europea.
È interessante comprendere, e lo si è fatto nel presente lavoro, come i due fenomeni si correlino ed in particolare, quanto influisca l’Unione europea sulle articolazioni interne degli Stati membri.
La ricerca si concentra quindi sull’evoluzione della disciplina degli Enti territoriali minori non solo in Italia, ma anche negli altri Stati membri dell’Unione europea, al fine di apprezzarne le differenze e per evidenziare le linee di tendenza che accomunano i diversi ordinamenti (anche alla luce delle più recenti riforme).
Quanto alla disciplina dell’Unione europea un’attenzione particolare viene dedicata, oltre che ai principi generali espressi nelle fonti primarie, anche all’analisi di specifiche politiche che prendono in considerazione la posizione dei livelli locali (ed in primo luogo le politiche di coesione economica, sociale e territoriale).
Si è potuto così confrontare i dati per comprendere se ed in quale misura le riforme che hanno interessato gli Enti territoriali minori siano state indotte dalla normativa, dalle politiche e dalle azioni dell’Unione europea.
Si è cercato infine di delineare il possibile e futuro ruolo degli Enti territoriali minori nell’architettura europea, in un’ottica di possibile federalismo multilivello. / During last decades, two trends have been underlined in Europe: laws on local authorities (municipalities, provinces and metropolitan areas) are getting less differing, enhancing the role of these entities (except for the phase following latest economic crisis) and we see a progressive transfer of decision-making powers from National States to European Union.
It’s interesting – as it was done in this study – to understand how the two trends are connected and, particularly, how the European Union influences local authorities of member States.
In order to appreciate differences and underline trends who associate different systems (also in the light of recent reforms), the analysis is focused on the evolution of legislation about local authorities, not only in Italy, but also in other States of European Union,
Then, turning to European Union legislation, particular attention is dedicated not only to general principles listed into primary law, but also to the analysis of specific policies endowed with consideration for the role of local levels (primarily the policies about economic, social and territorial cohesion).
In this way, a data comparison was made possible to understand whether the reforms interesting local authorities in recent past has been generated by legislation, by policies and actions of European Union, and to what extent.
Finally, an attempt to outline the possible and future role of local Authorities into European architecture has been made, in a potential multi-level federalism perspective.
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Périurbanisation différentielle : mutations et réorganisation de l'espace à l'est de la région dakaroise (Diamniadio, Sangalkam, Yéné), Sénégal / Differential periurbanisation : changes and reorganization of space to the Est of Dakar region (Diamniado, Sanglakam and Yene), SenegalDiongue, Momar 03 June 2010 (has links)
L’objectif de cette thèse est d’analyser les relations entre périurbanisation et territorialisation autour d’une question principale, la gouvernance des espaces périurbains métropolitains. Dans les grandes villes ouest-africaines, ces espaces sont affectés par de rapides et multiples mutations dans un contexte de décentralisation accélérée. Pour analyser ces mutations et les dynamiques de régulation qu’elles suscitent, nous privilégions une approche territoriale comparative. Á l’échelle micro, il s’agit d’appréhender les dynamiques de la périurbanisation en s’interrogeant sur le poids des contextes locaux. Á l’échelle des collectivités locales et du périurbain, le développement économique et résidentiel est mis en relation avec des logiques d’acteurs et des pratiques gestionnaires pour questionner les mécanismes d’évolution de l’espace et leurs effets sur la gestion et le développement des territoires. Enfin, à l’échelle macro, les observations et les analyses sont replacées dans la métropolisation dakaroise. Nous partons des usages non agricoles de l’espace dans trois collectivités locales, Diamniadio, Sangalkam et Yene, pour y étudier l’évolution du périurbain, ses mécanismes, les logiques et les pratiques des acteurs. Leur positionnement dans l’axe majeur Ouest-Est de l’étalement métropolitain pèse sur leur évolution et d’importantes différenciations sont observées aux échelles intra- et interterritoriale, témoignant d’une rupture avec le modèle centre-périphérie, au profit d’une dynamique multifonctionnelle et polycentrique à l’Est de la capitale sénégalaise. / This thesis aims to analyze the relationships between urban sprawl and territorialisation, focusing on the crucial issue of metropolitan suburbs governance. In Western Africa large cities, suburbs are involved in complex spatial, socioeconomic, political and managerial transformations, in a context of decentralization. To analyze these transformations as well as the new dynamics of regulation they entail, we have adopted a territorial approach. At the micro scale, we try to understand the dynamics of urban sprawl through the weight of local contexts. At the meso scale of the whole set of suburbs, residential and economic developments are linked to the logics of actors and managerial practices. We try to understand the mechanisms of spatial transformations and their consequences on urban management. At the macro level, we are focusing on Dakar metropolisation. Field surveys have been conducted within three local authorities, Diamniadio, Sangalkam and Yene, in order to study mechanisms, practices and logics of actors. Diamniadio, Sangalkam and Yene have specific local characteristics and, taking into account the major urban sprawl axis, they are located differently. In these three local authorities, processes of differentiation have been observed both at intra and inter territorial scales, which breaks with the former model center-periphery and reflects a new polycentric and multifunctional evolution in the Eastern suburbs.
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A reading of power relations in the transformation of urban planning in the municipalities of the Greater Pretoria region (now Tshwane) : 1992-2002Coetzee, Petrus Johannes van Vuuren 07 October 2005 (has links)
The thesis unpacks the transformation of urban planning in the municipalities of the Greater Pretoria region (now Tshwane) during 1992 to 2002, specifically within the context of the government transformation in South Africa and contemporary planning theory. In order to contextualise the transformation of urban planning in the City of Pretoria/Tshwane, the thesis presents an overview of the international trends on urban planning and how these trends (during the 1990s) have informed, shaped and framed the transformation of urban planning in South Africa and in the City of Tshwane. These trends are associated with community participation, strategic planning, sustainable development; the merging social awareness amongst urban planners; and the new integrated relationship between urban planning and management. The narrative part of the thesis specifically unpacks and analyses the nature and impact of the transformed/transforming integrated, developmental and democratic planning system, the positive and negative impacts that this system had on planners, local authority managers and politicians. It also provides a perspective on the conflict and power dilemmas that arose between planners, between planners and managers and between planners and politicians. Within the context of the so-called web of power relations (as described by Foucault), the study specifically explores the impact which the transformation had on the power relations within the local authority planning environment – specifically within the context of the social nexus (as described by Habermas, Healey and others). The thesis provides a local example of the nature and dynamics of power relations within a transforming local authority, with specific emphasis of the planning function. Not only does this study challenge contemporary theories on power relations in planning, but it also provides valuable new insights on the complex and illusive power relations in local authorities. Largely based on the work of Michel Foucault and Jurgen Habermas, the study provides an intriguing reading of the many conflicts and power/rationality struggles and clashes that are being played out on a daily base in municipalities in South Africa. Through the detailed unpacking of a decade of transformation of urban planning in one of South Africa’s six metropolitan municipalities, Mr Coetzee contributes to improving the understanding of the current nature and focus of the urban planning function in the local government sphere. As such it provides invaluable insights to planning theorists and historians, not only in South Africa, but also in other societies experiencing rapid and far-ranging transformation. / Thesis (DPhil (Town and Regional Planning))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Town and Regional Planning / unrestricted
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La cohésion territoriale et l'ordre juridique de l'Union européenne / The territorial cohesion and the legal order of the European UnionLemaitre, Jelle 05 December 2014 (has links)
La cohésion territoriale a fait son apparition dans le droit de l’Union à l’ex article 16 TCE aux côtés des SIEG. Elle a connu une consécration dans le droit primaire de l’Union avec son érection au rang d’objectif de l’Union européenne en devenant la troisième dimension de la politique de cohésion aux côtés de la cohésion économique et sociale. Cette nouvelle place dans le droit primaire n’est pas sans poser des questions sur la normativité de ce nouvel objectif et plus largement de sa place dans l’ordre juridique de l’Union. La principale difficulté réside aujourd’hui dans sa définition et ses modalités d’expression et d’intervention. Le Livre vert de la Commission européenne de 2008 consacré à la cohésion territoriale a eu le mérite de mettre l’objectif en perspective en lui donnant une concrétisation à travers essentiellement la politique régionale, mais également plus largement par la nécessaire coordination des politiques à impact territorial. Cette thèse a pour objectif de mettre en lumière les expressions de la cohésion territoriale, appelée à se développer avec la mise en œuvre du traité de Lisbonne. La cohésion territoriale peut également se fonder sur de nombreux autres principes juridiques, à l’image du principe de subsidiarité, pour se doter d’une normativité dans le droit matériel de l’Union, du travail législatif et réglementaire à la mise en œuvre des politiques sectorielles sur le territoire de l’Union. La cohésion territoriale peut enfin s’appuyer sur le droit institutionnel de l’Union et sur le rôle croissant des collectivités infraétatiques pour faire entendre la voie d’une solidarité territoriale dans le modèle d’intégration européenne. / The territorial cohesion appeared in the European Union law at the ex article 16 TCE beside the SIEG. It knew a consecration in the primary european Union law with its erection to the rank of objective of the European Union, becoming the third dimension of the cohesion policy beside the economic and social cohesion. This new place in the primary law is not without asking questions on the normativity of this new objective and more widely its place in the legal order of the european Union. The main difficulty is based on its definition and its modalities of expression and intervention today. The green Book of the European Commission of 2008 dedicated to the territorial cohesion had the merit to put the objective in perspective by giving it a realization through essentially the regional policy, but also more widely by the necessary coordination of the policies with territorial impact. This thesis has for objective to put in light the expressions of the territorial cohesion, called to develop with the application of the treaty of Lisbon. The territorial cohesion can also base itself on the other legal principles, just like the principle of subsidiarity, to build a normativity in the European Union material law, from the legislative and statutory work to the application of the sector-based policies on the European Union territory. The territorial cohesion can finally lean on the european Union institutional law and on the increasing role of the local gouvernment to make the way of a territorial solidarity taken in consideration in the model of the European integration.
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The effect brought about by the implementation of a compulsory competitive tendering policy on the administration of parks and recreation maintenance in Britain: 1988-1994Haycock, Eric 01 1900 (has links)
The aim of the study was to analyze the effect brought about by the
promulgation of the British Local Government Act of 1988 on the maintenance
of parks and recreational services. The Act made it compulsory to local
authorities to expose the maintenance of parks and recreational services to a
tendering process, commonly known as compulsory competitive tendering.
The implementation of compulsory competitive tendering had to be done
between the promulgation of the Act in 1988, and 1994. With regard to this
period, a perception existed that the standard of the administration of the
maintenance of parks and recreational services declined.
The research was done to determine if the implementation of compulsory
competitive tendering on the maintenance of parks and recreational services
could have resulted in a decline in the standard of the administration of the
services, and how it could have happened. It was determined that the motive
of the British Government at the time of implementation of the compulsory
competitive tendering was primarily to save money. The result of the
implementation of compulsory competitive legislation on the maintenance of
parks and recreational services were amongst other things:
- low morale of staff who were pressured to change
- culture changes necessary to comply to compulsory competitive
organisational structures
- legislation that influenced the lives of traditional local authority employees
drastically, and
- the development of a new approach to financial management to comply to
the government's expectations of saving money. / Public Administration / M. A. (Public Administration)
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Municipal representation as a mechanism to enhance local government efficiency: the role of associations for local authoritiesSingh, Anirood 11 1900 (has links)
Conceptually, South Africa is “one sovereign democratic state”, with a three-sphere governmental system operating co-operatively. Each sphere of government has “original” or constitutionally-allocated powers and functions, as well as legislative and executive powers. Thus, the governmental system is a hybrid or one sui generis, not benefiting from appropriate precedents. The status and autonomy given local government makes it somewhat unique in the world. Application of the principle of subsidiarity, and the mandate for local government to be developmental has resulted in the roles and responsibilities of municipalities being substantially increased, notwithstanding that most suffer from a lack of resources and capacity.
Local authorities moved from the establishment of the first one in 1682 as providers of basic municipal services on the basis of race and affordability to democratically-elected ‘wall-to-wall’ municipalities in 2000. With 257 municipalities serving a population of 55.6 million, South African local authorities are comparatively large, spatially and demographically.
Given the constitutional-statutory framework and the resultant complex operating environment, it is imperative that all municipalities are able to represent their interests in an intelligent, forceful, and unified manner on decision-making institutions to ensure a close fit between policies/programmes and peoples’ needs. Hence, effective municipal representation by knowledgeable, ethical and committed persons is imperative.
The study provides a history of representation and local authority ‘development’ and underdevelopment in South Africa; a theoretical basis for representation; a review of formalism and government’s approach to development; co-operative governance and intergovernmental relations as a mechanism to facilitate municipal representation; an analysis local government powers, functions, status, autonomy, objects, rights and duties of municipalities; local participatory and representative democracy; and the establishment of municipalities. The constitutional and statutory provisions provide the foundation and framework to facilitate municipal representation. The study continues by analysing other mechanisms that enable municipal representation; a comparative review of local government and co-operative governance in certain select countries.
It goes on to review the formal framework for organised local government in South Africa, including an overview of the South African Local Government Association (SALGA). Finally, findings and recommendations are made toward a model for municipal representation in South Africa. / Public, Constitutional and International Law / LL. D.
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The effect brought about by the implementation of a compulsory competitive tendering policy on the administration of parks and recreation maintenance in Britain: 1988-1994Haycock, Eric 01 1900 (has links)
The aim of the study was to analyze the effect brought about by the
promulgation of the British Local Government Act of 1988 on the maintenance
of parks and recreational services. The Act made it compulsory to local
authorities to expose the maintenance of parks and recreational services to a
tendering process, commonly known as compulsory competitive tendering.
The implementation of compulsory competitive tendering had to be done
between the promulgation of the Act in 1988, and 1994. With regard to this
period, a perception existed that the standard of the administration of the
maintenance of parks and recreational services declined.
The research was done to determine if the implementation of compulsory
competitive tendering on the maintenance of parks and recreational services
could have resulted in a decline in the standard of the administration of the
services, and how it could have happened. It was determined that the motive
of the British Government at the time of implementation of the compulsory
competitive tendering was primarily to save money. The result of the
implementation of compulsory competitive legislation on the maintenance of
parks and recreational services were amongst other things:
- low morale of staff who were pressured to change
- culture changes necessary to comply to compulsory competitive
organisational structures
- legislation that influenced the lives of traditional local authority employees
drastically, and
- the development of a new approach to financial management to comply to
the government's expectations of saving money. / Public Administration and Management / M. A. (Public Administration)
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The displacement of a Northern Cape community : an anthropological researchBecker, Elize 09 1900 (has links)
Text in English with abstracts in English, Afrikaans and Tswana with keywords in English and Tswana / Displacement in the South African context is a complex and diverse phenomenon which is
under-researched, particularly from the point of view of post-resettlement stress. The
Meetse-a-tala community from Groenwater, Northern Cape, was resettled in 1964 and
returned in 1999 to their ancestral land after a 25 year struggle to do so. The community
anticipated that the land would present all the natural resources they had in 1964, but
unfortunately, when they returned, the outlook seemed a lot different. / Verskuiwing in die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks is ‘n diverse en komplekse verskynsel wat
nog nie voldoende nagevors is, veral vanuit die oogpunt van post-hervestigingsstres nie.
Die Meetse-a-tala-gemeenskap van Groenwater in Noord-Kaap is in 1964 hervestig en het
in 1999 teruggekeer na die land van hul voorouers na ‘n 25 jaarlange stryd om dit te
bewerkstellig. Die gemeenskap het verwag dat die gebied weer al die natuurlike
hulpbronne sou aanbied wat hulle in 1964 gehad het, maar ongelukkig, met hul terugkeer,
het die vooruitsigte heel anders gelyk. / Tiragalo ya go fudusiwa ka dikgoka mo bokaong jwa Aforikaborwa e tlhagisa marara a a
farologaneng ka ntlha ya dipatlisiso tse di lekanyeditsweng malebana le kgatelelo ya
maikutlo e e amanang le morago ga go fudusiwa. Baagi ba Meetse-a-tala go tswa kwa
Groenwater, kwa Kapabokone, ba itemogetse tiragalo ya go fudusiwa ka 1964 mme
morago ga go kgaratlha dingwaga tse 25 go boela kwa lefatsheng la badimo ba bona, ba
boetse ka 1999. Baagi ba ne ba solofetse gore lefatshe le tlaa ba neela ditlamelo tsotlhe tsa
tlholego tse ba neng ba na natso fa ba tsamaya ka 1964, mme ka bomadimabe, e rile fa ba
bowa, ba fitlhela le lebega le farologane thata. / Anthropology and Archaeology / M.A. (Anthropology)
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