Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:38:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Kamilla de Falco Batista Martins.pdf: 696670 bytes, checksum: b5aaad51df4c58ec9ac812b3beb60494 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Madness raises both fear and fascination, like a mirror inside out that reveals man in his most unusual form. This research has as its field of analysis, territories in which it is possible to meet and associate with madness and has as its purpose the analysis of changes occurred there, during the last years. It is divided into three parts which correspond to three territories: the street, the psychiatrist hospital and the psychosocial centre of attention, all situated in the city of Uberaba, in the interior of the state of Minas Gerais. Based on the social context, on literature and the institutional analysis, an experimental text or cartography was begun. The analysis had as their starting point the observations, dialogues, interviews and clinical experiences which offered a better understanding of the main transformations occurred in each territory; these changes go through various spheres, whether they be political, economic, cultural, social and ethic. Some of them generated barriers that interfere until today in the social representation, in the forms of treatment, in the functioning and organization of these territories, in the manners of living together and in the practices of those that decide to treat madness. The dissertation ends with and ethical query concerning the role of the professional that works today in mental health, revealing the permanent challenges in the construction of a territory and a clinical practice as horizontal as possible / A loucura desperta ao mesmo tempo medo e fascínio, um espelho pelo avesso que revela o homem na sua forma mais insólita. Esta pesquisa tem como campo de análise territórios onde se pode encontrar e conviver com a mesma, tendo como objetivo analisar as mudanças ali ocorridas durante os últimos anos. Está dividida em três partes que correspondem a três territórios: a rua, o hospital psiquiátrico e o centro de atenção psicossocial, todos situados na cidade de Uberaba, interior de Minas Gerais. Valendo-se do contexto histórico, da literatura e da análise institucional, tratou-se da construção de uma escrita experimental ou cartográfica. As análises partiram de observações, diálogos, entrevistas e experiências clínicas que favoreceram uma melhor compreensão das principais transformações ocorridas em cada território; essas mudanças atravessam diversas esferas, seja política, econômica, cultural, social e ética. Algumas geraram entraves que interferem até hoje diretamente na representação social, nas formas de tratamento, no funcionamento e organização desses territórios, nos modos de convivência e nas práticas daqueles que decidem tratar a loucura. A dissertação termina com um questionamento ético referente ao papel do profissional que atua hoje na saúde mental, revelando os desafios permanentes na construção de um território e uma prática clínica a mais horizontal possível.

Cette thèse porte sur le traitement de la folie à l’Époque Moderne étudiée à la lumière du Droit pénal et inquisitorial. Elle s’attache à analyser la façon dont la folie a été appréciée pour chaque type de délit. Le corpus est constitué de l’ensemble des relations de causes des quatorze tribunaux inquisitoriaux péninsulaires, à savoir Barcelone, Cuenca, Cordoue, Grenade, Llerena, Logroño, Madrid, Murcie, Santiago, Saragosse, Séville, Tolède, Valence et Valladolid, ainsi que de quelques procès et de la correspondance échangée entre le Tribunal de la Suprême et ces tribunaux au cours de la période allant de 1537 à 1700.Ces recherches, menées dans une perspective novatrice et interdisciplinaire qui convoque l’anthropologie, l’histoire du Droit et celle des mentalités, ont vocation à permettre d’étudier les relations complexes que l’Inquisition entretient avec la folie. / This dissertation deals with the treatment of madness in the early Modern period. In the light of criminal and inquisitorial law, it aims at analysing how madness was assessed for each type of crime. The corpus of this dissertation is based on the Relations of causes of the fourteen peninsular inquisitorial tribunals, i.e. Barcelona, Cuenca, Cordoba, Grenada, Llerena, Logroño, Madrid, Murcie, Santiago, Zaragoza, Seville, Toledo, Valencia and Valladolid, as well as on some lawsuits and the correspondence exchanged between the Tribunal of the Suprema and these tribunals from 1537 to 1700.This research, carried out in an innovative and interdisciplinary perspective which used anthropology, the history of Law and the history of mentalities, has allowed me to study the complex relations between Inquisition and madness.

Lucy Snowe, the heroine of <i>Villette</i>, Charlotte Brontës final novel, is in constant conflict with the dichotomies of patriarchal culture. As she is perpetually torn between the opposing forces of patriarchy, Lucy Snowe inhabits what she calls her own <i>still shadow-world</i> (Brontë164). This thesis explains the nature of the intermediate space Lucy Snowe occupies and examines its repercussions on her mental state. Chapter One theorizes the effect of patriarchal dichotomies on Lucy Snowe to demonstrate that her mental conflict has its roots in the female experience of the opposition between nature and culture. Chapter Twos analysis of the nineteenth-century medical understanding of madness shows that Lucy Snowes melancholy is a symptom of the intermediacy created by conflicting patriarchal expectations. Chapter Three compares Lucy Snowe to the female figure in patriarchal master narratives, which draws attention to the serious consequences of patriarchal culture on women and demonstrates that Lucy is representative of women in conflict with patriarchal expectations. Ultimately, as part of Charlotte Brontës endeavor to represent truth rather than reality, Villette challenges patriarchal expectations of women and presents a different vision of womanhood.

Lucy Snowe, the heroine of <i>Villette</i>, Charlotte Brontës final novel, is in constant conflict with the dichotomies of patriarchal culture. As she is perpetually torn between the opposing forces of patriarchy, Lucy Snowe inhabits what she calls her own <i>still shadow-world</i> (Brontë164). This thesis explains the nature of the intermediate space Lucy Snowe occupies and examines its repercussions on her mental state. Chapter One theorizes the effect of patriarchal dichotomies on Lucy Snowe to demonstrate that her mental conflict has its roots in the female experience of the opposition between nature and culture. Chapter Twos analysis of the nineteenth-century medical understanding of madness shows that Lucy Snowes melancholy is a symptom of the intermediacy created by conflicting patriarchal expectations. Chapter Three compares Lucy Snowe to the female figure in patriarchal master narratives, which draws attention to the serious consequences of patriarchal culture on women and demonstrates that Lucy is representative of women in conflict with patriarchal expectations. Ultimately, as part of Charlotte Brontës endeavor to represent truth rather than reality, Villette challenges patriarchal expectations of women and presents a different vision of womanhood.

Cette thèse est une réflexion concernant les particularités du langage, principalement de l’utilisation de la métaphore, dans les textes d’écrivaines ayant été internées. Mon analyse considère les œuvres de Janet Frame, Sylvia Plath, Unica Zürn, Emma Santos et Susanna Kaysen, ainsi que d’autres textes étant mentionnés dans une moindre mesure. Le fait d’avoir vécu une expérience de vie extrême, physique et psychique, a des répercussions sur l’esprit et la perception de soi, leurs représentations textuelles, ainsi que le rapport à l’écrit et à la littérature. Des figures subies ou choisies se répètent dans ces textes. Elles renseignent sur ce que ces femmes ont vécu, comment elles ont été affectées et la littérature. Cette thèse est divisée en cinq idées principales concernant les liens entre la folie, l’écriture et les femmes internées correspondant à la division des chapitres. Le premier porte sur la figure de la cloche de verre et ses variations chez diverses écrivaines. Il s’agit d’une métaphore puissante, efficace pour traduire l’état d’esprit de l’internée qui permet d’expliciter l’importance et le fonctionnement de la métaphore, son rôle dans l’écriture et la pensée. Le deuxième traite des métaphores spatiales et des lieux de pensée présents dans ces textes. Il est un examen de comment, alors que l’esprit devient de plus en plus fragile et l’image du corps incertaine en raison des traitements et des conditions de vie imposées, apparaît la nécessité d’un lieu, figuré ou réel, d’où écrire et de comment ce lieu est en relation avec le langage et la structuration de l’écrit et de la pensée. Le troisième porte sur la notion d’abjection. Ces femmes sont considérées, traitées, se perçoivent et vivent comme des animaux, des excréments ou des déchets. Il est une décortication de la représentation de l’effritement des limites de la subjectivité lors de l’internement. J’y explique à quel point l’hôpital pousse la personne vers la saleté et l’animalité plutôt que vers la guérison, ainsi que les conséquences pour la perception de soi que le fait d’être placé hors du social entraîne. Le quatrième concerne la notion d’objet et les processus qui font qu’à force d’être réifiées les narratrices des textes se perçoivent comme des objets plutôt que des personnes. Le rapport que l’esprit entretient avec les objets et l’importance qu’ils ont pour son fonctionnement y sont examinés. Le cinquième traite enfin des réflexions sur l’utilisation du langage, que ces écrivaines ont réalisées, sur les mots et procédés qu’elles emploient pour les communiquer ainsi que sur l’importance du corps féminin et de la conception de la féminité dans la production des textes et des idées qu’ils portent. J’en arrive à établir à quel point, pour ces écrivaines, la vie dépend du littéraire. Ma thèse démontre comment la littérature leur a fourni un espace d’analyse et de structure de leur personne et de leur pensée, ainsi qu’un lieu de parole émergeant de l’utilisation du langage et des interactions entre l’esprit, les mots et le monde. / This thesis reflects on the particularities of the use of language, especially in terms of recurring metaphors, in the texts of women writers who spent a part of their life in a psychiatric hospital. I question the texts of Janet Frame, Sylvia Plath, Unica Zürn, Emma Santos and Susanna Kaysen. Some other women writers are also examined, to a lesser extent. It shows that the fact of having lived an experience, which I would qualify as physically and psychologically extreme living conditions, affects these writers’ mind, the self-perception and their textual representations. It also shows how one’s relation to writing and literature is changed by this situation. Undergone, imposed, selected or created metaphors are born, are shown or repeated in those texts. They detail both how these women lived and processed the effects associated to this life, as well as how their writing of these experiences reflects general aspects of literary discourse. This thesis is divided into five main ideas concerning the singular relationship that bonds madness, writing and the experience of living in a psychiatric ward. In the first chapter, I analyze the bell jar figure and its variations according to different writers. This strong metaphor, which is incredibly efficient to translate the internee’s state of mind, helps me explain the functioning of metaphor and the crucial role it plays in the writing and human thought. The second chapter looks at spatial metaphors and spatial representations of the mind. It shows how, while the self and its corporal images are becoming more fragile because of the imposed treatments and living conditions, there appears the necessity of a real or figurative space from which to write. This space is in relation with writing, but also with the mere possibility of human thought. The third chapter builds on the notion of abjection. These women were considered and treated as animals, excrements or waste, and they came to see themselves as such. I analyze those representations and also how they figure the dissolution of the limits to one’s subjectivity that occurs during the internment. The fourth chapter draws on the object notion and the reification of human existence, through processes of subjective reification, which lead the narrators to perceive themselves as objects rather than people. I also examine the relation we can posit between the mind, the objects it chooses to consider, and how they affect the mind’s reflexive operations. The fifth chapter reflects on the use of language, according to the theories developed by these women writers. It also looks at the importance of the female body and femininity in the production of the texts and the ideas fostered by these concepts. My thesis demonstrates how literature gave them a space to analyze and structure both their self and thought. For these women, literature was also a place to speak from. This possibility emerges from the use of language and from the interactions between the mind, language and the world.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

This thesis is the first sustained study of the poet John Clare and his relationship to health. It considers health as an under-explored physical and mental state evoked across his poetry and prose that has heretofore been overshadowed by a critical preoccupation with his supposed madness. Under the banner of the Medical Humanities, I angle a critical lens on Clare and health beyond biographical readings of his mental deterioration and onto his written responses to the medical, cultural, and social understandings of health by which he was surrounded. Specifically, I argue that Clare articulates both his comprehension and also experience of health through poetic form. I take a thematic approach to the reach of Clare's works composed between 1804-1864, and focus on what I argue to be the most predominant 'forms' that health takes across his poetics: voice, breath, and place. The chapters unfold the poet's engagement with eighteenth- and nineteenth-century medical contexts such as nosology and theories of insanity, speech and elocution, climatic and atmospheric medicine, phrenology, and botany, in order to consider how the local formal techniques of his poems (metre and prosody, rhyme and other sonic devices, caesura, enjambment, and line-endings) shape and re-work the ideas of mental and physical health that these contexts put forward. Throughout the thesis I bring together formal and historical methodologies with modern phenomenological and cultural theories in order to draw out how Clare's exploration of health is both facilitated by the thinking of his own period, and also speaks to current research into health and illness as subjective experiences. Ultimately, I read health across Clare's poetry at the level of form in order to reveal how health inspires a textual mode that defies determinacy and unsettles distinctions between the healthy and the pathological. This thesis is the first sustained study of the poet John Clare and his relationship to health. It considers health as an under-explored physical and mental state evoked across his poetry and prose that has heretofore been overshadowed by a critical preoccupation with his supposed madness. Under the banner of the Medical Humanities, I angle a critical lens on Clare and health beyond biographical readings of his mental deterioration and onto his written responses to the medical, cultural, and social understandings of health by which he was surrounded. Specifically, I argue that Clare articulates both his comprehension and also experience of health through poetic form. I take a thematic approach to the reach of Clare's works composed between 1804-1864, and focus on what I argue to be the most predominant 'forms' that health takes across his poetics: voice, breath, and place. The chapters unfold the poet's engagement with eighteenth- and nineteenth-century medical contexts such as nosology and theories of insanity, speech and elocution, climatic and atmospheric medicine, phrenology, and botany, in order to consider how the local formal techniques of his poems (metre and prosody, rhyme and other sonic devices, caesura, enjambment, and line-endings) shape and re-work the ideas of mental and physical health that these contexts put forward. Throughout the thesis I bring together formal and historical methodologies with modern phenomenological and cultural theories in order to draw out how Clare's exploration of health is both facilitated by the thinking of his own period, and also speaks to current research into health and illness as subjective experiences. Ultimately, I read health across Clare's poetry at the level of form in order to reveal how health inspires a textual mode that defies determinacy and unsettles distinctions between the healthy and the pathological.

Orientador: Iris Fenner Bertani / Banca: Lucia Cristina dos Santos Rosa / Banca: Jean Marcel Carvalho França / Resumo: Este estudo problematiza a reforma psiquiátrica brasileira, partindo de uma unidade de serviço específica, o Centro de Atenção Psicossocial CAPS II de Frutal, MG., tomando como recurso teórico o referencial foucaultiano. Partindo de práticas discursivas inscritas neste serviço busca-se entender as linhas de força, os saberes, as estratégias, as inteligibilidades que fazem emergir o CAPS enquanto serviço substitutivo ao manicômio junto a uma política reformadora da assistência psiquiátrica no país. O estudo mostra que substituindo as práticas asilares coloca-se em andamento um processo de expansão das práticas psiquiátricas junto ao meio social, principalmente a família. Não há evidência de rompimento com a inteligibilidade que circunscreve a loucura na condição de doença, mas este corpo deixa o interior do asilo para transitar em um circuito balizado pelas práticas psiquiátricas, que se opera principalmente pela via de uma prática pedagógica: um processo de remanejamento das práticas, mas conservação do poder / Abstract: The present study renders problematic about Brazilian psychiatric reform, from the documental analysis of a specific service unit, called Psychosocial Attention Center, CAPS II from Frutal, estate of Minas Gerais, taking as a theorist resource, the Foucault referential. Around the discursive practices enrolled in this service, what is searched is to understand the strength lines, the knowledge, the strategies, the intelligibilities that make CAPS emerges as a substitutive service for the sanatoriums with a politic reformer from psychiatric assistance in Brazil. The present study shows that substituting asylum practices, it is proceeding a psychiatric practices expansion process within the social environment, specially the family. There is no rupture evidence with the intelligibility that circumscribes the madness in an illness condition, but this body leaves the asylum to move up in a circuit that is delimited by psychiatric practices that becomes reality mainly by a pedagogical practice: a practice rehandling process, but power conservation / Mestre

A elaboração desta dissertação se constituiu na tentativa de pensar uma terceira margem no hospital psiquiátrico através de uma etnografia que enfrenta problemas que estão na base da própria consolidação da disciplina antropológica e dos pressupostos filosóficos que a constituíram. Analisa-se se aqueles que estão no hospital psiquiátrico na situação de pacientes seriam diferentes demais para que a disciplina que se propõe pensar a diferença possa levá-los a sério como objeto e, simultaneamente, sujeitos de pesquisa. A descrição etnográfica visa abranger a multiplicidade subjetiva produzida por internados a partir de uma Oficina de Criatividade e os efeitos ontológicos produzidos por maiorias morais que reivindicam um acesso privilegiado à realidade e ao bom juízo. Atento a processos subjetivos inusitados potencialmente capazes de problematizar os modelos dominantes de codificação, os quais poderiam ser desconsiderados em nome da autoridade de saberes especializados no campo da saúde mental, o efeito etnográfico multiplica o tecido político ao evidenciar processos de singularização por parte de usuários e moradores de um hospital-que-foi-hospício. / The formulation of this research consisted to attempt to think the third bank in the psychiatric hospital through ethnography facing problems that underlie the consolidation itself of anthropological discipline and its philosophical presuppositions. Those at the psychiatric hospital in the situation of patients would be too different for the discipline that think about the difference may take them seriously as an object and simultaneously research subjects? The ethnographic description addresses the subjective multiplicity produced from a Creativity Workshop inside the institution and the ontological effects produced by moral majorities who claim a privileged access to reality and good judgment. Attentive to unusual subjective processes potentially able to question the dominant models of coding which could be disregarded in the name of the authority of specialized knowledge in the mental health field, the ethnographic effect multiplies the political texture to emphasize subjective processes by users and hospitalized of a hospital that was hospice.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JulianaRA_ate_pag50.pdf: 1185194 bytes, checksum: 546a7cf4d29e8b61a71cd70ff56b99bb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-04-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The tesis intends to awake a new way of looking at madness. It presents as reference the Psychiatric Hospital Doctor Jo?o Machado (Natal/RN) and histories of life and narratives of four intern residents. The research in an ethical horizon, intends to give back to the subjects the voices long silented behind the institutions walls by their families and society in general. As well as to open the interpretations of science to receive and to dialogue with other itineraries of thought that, if on one hand does not restitute the explanation of the Real, on the other hand expresses other forms to see the world. Dislocated of the bigger social environment, the people identified as insane, construct their histories endowed with autonomy and displacements in relation to the social rules and structures that characterize our society, as much as in relation to the logical principles of thought that assume an objective and rational reality. As well as a remnants bedspread configured in a complex and unfinished object, the break up of histories of life of the interns, interviews with medical on psychiatrists to the Doctor Jo?o Machado Hospital, documents of the institution and depositions of that house, were the raw material to construct, with this tesis, another chapter of the 'history of madness'. In elapsing of the work innumerable voices have been heard. Some that study the phenomenon of madness, others that live this 'state of the being' in the world. We opt to detaching the first of an open conception on the theme through intellectuals as: Jo?o da Costa Machado, Ulysses Pernambucano, Nise da Silveira and Boris Cyrulnik. They express ethics compromised to the humanity of the being / A disserta??o pretende despertar um novo olhar a respeito da loucura. Apresenta como refer?ncia o Hospital Psiqui?trico Dr. Jo?o Machado (Natal/RN) e as hist?rias de vida e narrativas de quatro internos ali residentes. A pesquisa tem por horizontes ?ticos, devolver ao sujeito as vozes que a fam?lia e a sociedade calaram atr?s dos muros do manic?mio e abrir as interpreta??es da ci?ncia para acolher e dialogar com outros itiner?rios do pensamento que, se n?o rep?em a explica??o do real, expressam outras formas de ver o mundo. Deslocados do ambiente social maior, as pessoas identificadas como loucas constroem suas hist?rias dotadas de autonomia e deslocamentos em rela??o ?s regras e estruturas sociais que caracterizam nossa sociedade, tanto quanto em rela??o aos princ?pios l?gicos do pensamento que sup?em uma realidade objetiva e racional. Assim como uma colcha que une retalhos e se configura num objeto complexo e inacabado, os fragmentos de hist?rias de vida dos internos, as entrevistas com m?dicos psiquiatras ligados ao Hospital Dr. Jo?o Machado, os documentos da institui??o e os depoimentos dos cuidadores daquela casa, foram a mat?ria prima para se construir, com esta disserta??o, mais um cap?tulo da hist?ria da loucura . No decorrer do trabalho foram ouvidas in?meras vozes. Algumas que estudam o fen?meno da loucura, outras que vivem esse estado do ser no mundo. Optamos por destacar o pioneirismo de uma concep??o aberta sobre o tema atrav?s de intelectuais como: Jo?o da Costa Machado, Ulysses Pernambucano, Nise da Silveira e Boris Cyrulnik. Eles expressam uma ?tica comprometida com a humanidade do ser