Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T18:22:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Samar Mohamad El Malt.pdf: 304927 bytes, checksum: 67c48cf18a954642401038aaed6d2bac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This paper is a reflection on mother tongue, subject that rarely has been object of attention in the field of Language Acquisition. We discuss what senses are under this syntagma, having as theoretical background the hypothesis that subjective structure and language structure are mutually determined, as pointed out by De Lemos (1992, 1995, 2000, 2002, among others). A discussion about the concept of Language and its effects, as proposed by Saussure (1916), in a proposal about language acquisition has also been considered. The reflection on the concept of Mother Tongue has also included issues related to the structuring of the subject and also the concept of lalangue, once the theoretical framework that guides this research is the one proposed by Cláudia De Lemos, who proposes a way to understand language acquisition from the effects approaching Jacques Lacan Psychoanalysis and the original understanding of European structuralism by that author. In this research we try to outline such concepts in the field of Linguistics and Psychoanalysis. We consider that from the treatment given in the field of Psychoanalysis we have brought up to discussion how it is treated inside Linguistics. Establishing a dialogue between these two areas allowed to conduct a reflection on what determines that a subject who is since early exposed to more than one language chooses the one that will be named Mother Tongue The starting point is the notion of subject constituted by language in the relation with the Other. The focus of this reflection have been the possible ways of relation of the subject with the mother Tongue and the foreign language. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the apparent deletion of one of the languages which turns a subject, or how these languages are interwoven in the structure of subjectivity. It is a subject that involves the relation subject-language-speech and that is relevant to reflect about language acquisition and its relation with Mother Tongue and Foreign Language / Este trabalho é uma reflexão sobre a Língua Materna, tema que, no Campo da Aquisição de Linguagem, raramente tem sido objeto de atenção. Colocamos em discussão quais os sentidos abrigados sob esse sintagma, tendo como solo teórico a hipótese de que a estruturação subjetiva e a estruturação da linguagem são mutuamente determinadas, como assinala De Lemos (1992, 1995, 2000, 2002, entre outros). Uma discussão sobre o conceito de Língua, conforme propõe Saussure, e os efeitos promovidos pela inclusão deste autor em uma proposta sobre aquisição de linguagem foi também encaminhada. A reflexão sobre o conceito de Língua Materna incluiu questões relativas à estruturação do sujeito e, também, o conceito de lalangue, dado que o quadro teórico que orienta esta pesquisa é aquele proposto por Cláudia De Lemos, autora propõe um modo de entendimento da aquisição da linguagem a partir dos efeitos da aproximação à Psicanálise de Jacques Lacan e à leitura original que este autor empreendeu do estruturalismo europeu. Buscamos nesta pesquisa delinear tais conceitos no campo da Linguística e da Psicanálise. Consideramos que partir do tratamento dado no campo da Psicanálise foi colocar em discussão o modo como ele é tratado no interior da Linguística. Estabelecer um diálogo entre essas duas áreas permitiu encaminhar uma reflexão sobre o que determina que um sujeito, desde cedo exposto a mais de uma língua, seja escolhido por aquela que será denominada língua materna . Parte-se da noção de sujeito constituído pela linguagem na relação com o Outro. O foco da reflexão são as formas possíveis de relação do sujeito com a Língua Materna e com a Língua Estrangeira. O objetivo deste trabalho foi pesquisar os efeitos do aparente apagamento de uma das línguas que faz de um corpo sujeito, ou como essas línguas se entrelaçam na estruturação da subjetividade. Trata-se de um tema que envolve a relação sujeito-língua-fala e que é relevante para refletir sobre a aquisição de linguagem e sua relação com a Língua Materna e Língua Estrangeira

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T18:22:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silvia Christina Monteiro de Oliveira.pdf: 892644 bytes, checksum: 28878daed70753fe1d4d80f79e194877 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-25 / The present dissertation aims at questioning how teachers and students construct their ethnic/racial issues in the classroom through reading. The thesis focuses on the study of reading and interpretation of the rap in the form of Caetano Veloso poem, Slave Ship, and aims to contribute to the development of text reading and understanding. Moreover, it reflects on the situation of the students of African descent, seeking to reflect on the importance of the enforcement of law number 10.639.909/ 2003 at schools. As the type of text worked out in the research is literary and has many metaphors, and a large fraction of the public schools do not prepare their students for the skills and competencies needed in this kind of reading, I support the Cultural-Historical Theory (Vygotsky, 1934) and point out the importance of this support when it comes to reading as a social practice. Regarding methodological procedures, action research (Thiollent, 1982) was developed under a qualitative approach and was aimed at analyzing the actions of a teacher of Portuguese and her students over three reading classes. The instrument used for data generation was the recording of classes in which there was the "thinking together" process (Pontecorvo, 2005). The categories of linguistic analysis are proposed by Orsolini (2005), Pontecorvo (2005) and Kebrat Orechioni (2006). In data analysis I sought to discuss the pedagogical actions in the classroom in order to understand how teachers and students construct their ethnic/racial issues in reading lessons. The survey results allow to say that the actions of the researcher teacher - the practice of mediation and reading interaction- enabled the development of students as critical and reflective readers, and there was an appreciation of Afro-Brazilian Culture and History. Finally, this research allowed the researcher teacher to think about possible affirmative pedagogic action around the blackness in order to propose a school prepared to recognize and assimilate the diversity in school life and to provide students the opportunity to reflect critically on the ethnic/racial issues in the classroom / Este trabalho tem por objetivo questionar como professor e aluno constroem as questões étnico-raciais em sala de aula por meio da leitura. A tese está centrada no estudo de leitura e interpretação do rap em forma de poema, O Navio Negreiro, de Caetano Veloso, e tem como objetivos contribuir para o desenvolvimento da leitura e compreensão de texto, além de refletir acerca da situação do aluno afrodescendente visando à importância da aplicação da Lei 10.639 909/ 2003 nas unidades escolares. Como o texto trabalhado na pesquisa é de caráter literário e apresenta muitas metáforas e, grande parte das escolas públicas não prepara seus alunos para as habilidades e competências de leitura desse tipo de texto, me apoio na teoria sócio-histórico cultural (Vigotsky, 1934) e aponto a importância desse suporte no que tange à leitura como prática social. Com relação aos procedimentos metodológicos, a pesquisa ação (Thiollent ,1982) foi desenvolvida sob um enfoque qualitativo e teve como meta analisar as ações de uma professora de Língua Portuguesa e de seus alunos no decorrer de três aulas de leitura. O instrumento utilizado para a geração de dados foi a gravação de aulas nas quais houve o pensar em conjunto (Pontecorvo, 2005). As categorias de análise linguística são propostas por Orsolini (2005), Pontecorvo (2005) e Kebrat Orechioni (2006). Na análise de dados procurei discutir as ações pedagógicas em sala de aula a fim de entender como professor e aluno constroem as questões étnico-raciais nas aulas de leitura. Os resultados da pesquisa permitem dizer que as ações da professora pesquisadora na prática de mediação e interação de leitura possibilitaram a formação dos alunos como leitores crítico e reflexivos e, houve uma valorização da Cultura e da História Afro- brasileira. Por fim, esta pesquisa permitiu ao professor pesquisador pensar em possíveis ações afirmativas e pedagógicas em torno da negritude com o intuito de propor uma escola preparada para reconhecer e assimilar a diversidade no cotidiano escolar além de oferecer aos alunos a oportunidade de refletirem criticamente sobre nas questões étnico-raciais em sala de aula

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-04-24T19:22:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Lisiane Ribeiro Raupp.pdf: 2211296 bytes, checksum: 15446395b48d16941a6657baf8d444aa (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-24T19:22:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lisiane Ribeiro Raupp.pdf: 2211296 bytes, checksum: 15446395b48d16941a6657baf8d444aa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-16 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar a importância dada ao processo de reescrita como atividade reflexiva nas representações das professoras participantes da formação continuada do projeto "Por uma formação continuada cooperativa para o desenvolvimento do processo educativo de leitura e produção textual escrita no Ensino Fundamental", do Programa Observatório da Educação/CAPES, coordenado por Ana Maria Mattos Guimarães, com Dorotea Frank Kersch como pesquisadora associada, do PPGLA/Unisinos. De caráter qualitativo-interpretativista, traz reflexões sobre a reescrita textual na prática de sala de aula, no contexto de construção do que denominamos Projetos Didáticos de Gênero (PDG), no qual são analisados os discursos de quatro professoras em entrevistas feitas antes e/ou depois da aplicação desses projetos, elaborados durante a formação continuada de que as atoras fizeram parte. Esses discursos foram analisados à luz do Interacionismo Sócio-Discursivo (ISD), a partir do folhado textual (BRONCKART, 2009) - a infraestrutura textual, através das sequências discursivas. Também foram inferidas representações relacionadas às ocorrências de termos vinculados à reescrita. Os resultados mostram que a reescrita ainda carece de reflexões por parte dos professores, para que esteja incorporada na prática docente de forma mais eficiente. A pesquisa contribui para os estudos linguísticos, relacionados ao ensino de língua materna, ao olhar para a reescrita na perspectiva do professor, no sentido de entender como acontecem as práticas de reescrita e como elas podem ser mais bem desenvolvidas para promover mais criticamente a educação linguística dos alunos. / This research has as aims to identify the importance given to the rewriting process as reflexive activity in representations of teachers participate in the continuing education project by training together for the development of the educational process of reading and writing textual production in Elementary Education. This project is coordinated by Ana Maria Mattos Guimarães and Dorotea Frank Kerschof PPGLA/Unisinos Observatory Program of Education / CAPES, and considers the rewriting process very important in language learning. As qualitative research interpretative brings reflections about textual rewriting practice in classroom, in the context of construction of the Gender Didatic Project (PDG), in which four teachers were interviewed before and/or after the implementation of these projects. During these interviews a corpus formed to interpret the representations of infrastructure textual sequences through discourse (Sociodiscursive Interactionism Bronckart, 2009). These forms of textual rolling had a relation to rewriting. The results show that rewriting still lacks reflections by teachers for incorporating teaching practice more efficiently. This research is related to the teaching of the mother tongue and has the capacity to promote language education in students.

The diploma thesis is about education and integration of children - foreigners in the field of pre-school education. This thesis specifies the specifics of working with these children in standard kindergarten. The goal of this work is to find forms, methods and ways how to work with children - foreigners before starting compulsory schooling. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part the thesis clarifies the work and basic terminology, which includes a comparison of the terms child - foreigner and child with a different mother tongue. Furthermore, the thesis covers topics as communication, education, integration of children - foreigners into the environment of standard kindergartens and describes forms and methods of working with them. Within the practical part dominates a research focused on finding methods and forms of working with children - foreigners in pre-school facilities. This research was conducted in a selected kindergarten and it is based on research questions which were set. Data collection was conducted in the way of observation of kindergarten classes and interviews with school staff. Gathered data helped to find the answers to the research questions. These answers became the baseline for the evaluation. The conclusion of the thesis is an...

Thesis (MA. (Translation Studies and Linguistics)) -- University of Limpopo, 2013 / The study sought to investigate the challenges that the learners and educators encountered in learning and teaching when they use English as a medium of instruction. The study reveals that African languages, along with their culture are being dominated by English. Most of Pedis’ learners cannot speak Sepedi without mixing it with English, and most of African people usually read English books and neglecting the Indigenous books. In addition, the study shows that learners performed better when they were taught in Sepedi than in English. The educators’ responses showed that learners have difficulties in understanding English as the medium of instruction and that they code-switch from English to Sepedi to enhance understanding.

The importance of mother tongue-based bilingual medium of instruction in bilingual and multilingual classrooms has been evidenced in ample studies in different parts of the world including Ghana. However, studies on how bilingualism is carried out with respect to classroom displays in bilingual education is very scant and even none, as far as I know, in Ghana. Also, there is emerging research on teachers’ translanguaging practices in other parts of the world including South Africa but research on instructional use of translanguaging is yet to be conducted in Ghana. Therefore, this study examined kindergarten teachers’ bilingual practices with regard to classroom displays as well as their translanguaging practices at morning assembly in some selected schools in the Cape Coast Metropolis in the Central Region of Ghana. The study used the Ghanaian part of a secondary data that was sponsored by the New Civics Grants from the Spencer Foundation in the USA. Joint research team from the USA and Ghana collected these data in six kindergarten classrooms in each of the two countries. Even though the initial purpose of the study was to examine how classroom wall displays connected with young children's roles as apprentice citizens, repurposing it for this study was suitable because all the classrooms photographed are public schools that use the NALAP in their ECE classrooms. However, four schools participated because they used the local languages that I can read and write. Guided by the purpose, two research questions and two different data (photographs of classroom wall displays and video of morning assembly) were used. I used qualitative design through visual research method and Barbara Rogoff’s (1990, 2003) socio-cultural theory as my theoretical lens. The photo data was analyzed semiotically (Chandler, 2007, Semetsky, 2010, 2017) and used discourse analysis with the big “D” for the analysis of the video data (Gee, 2014, Gee & Handford, 2012). The findings indicated that all the schools except one had bilingually labeled displays among their classroom displays (though bilingual labeling was given less attention) with the major language pair for the bilingual labeling being English and Mfantse languages. It also came out that most of the bilingually labeled displays were posted within the eye level of the students. More so, with regard to the sign type, most of the bilingually labeled displays were iconic. Regarding the teachers’ translanguaging practices at morning assembly, the findings indicated that all the participating schools and teachers translanguaged during the conduct of their respective morning assembly. It was revealed that aside from using translanguaging as comprehension enhancer, it was also used as a downtoner as well as alienation tool linguistically. However, the findings showed that English only displays far dominated both the bilingual labeling and translanguaging practices of the teachers. Based on the findings, the study recommended that ECE colleges of education in Ghana should include knowledge and skills for bilingual labeling in their pre-service preparation since the nation is a multilingual state. Also, pedagogical use of translanguaging should be included in teacher education curriculum so that teachers would be intentional about its usage in instruction delivery. In addition, higher education like University of Cape Coast (UCC) and University of Education, Winneba (UEW) which are the main trainers of teacher educators in the country need to develop curriculum for bilingual teaching with attention to effective design and use of bilingual labeling and training manuals for ECE teachers on the effective use of bilingual labeling and pedagogical use of translanguaging in Ghanaian ECE education. More so, there should professional development on the effective use of bilingual classroom display as well as translanguaging for in-service teachers in Ghana so to promote the academic achievement of the bi/multilingual students Ghanaian schools serve.

<p>Den här studien syftade till att belysa hur några pedagoger med olika typ av bakgrund, verksamma i ett homogent svensktalande respektive ett mer mångkulturellt område, tänker om och arbetar med flerspråkiga barn i förskolan. Frågeställningarna rörde pedagogernas syn på hur en språkstimulerande miljö bör utformas, positiva samt negativa aspekter i arbetet med flerspråkiga förskolebarn, samt om skillnader i uttalanden hos de olika yrkesrollerna kunde utrönas. Jag ville också ta reda på om barnens modersmål talades i verksamheten eller om dess ursprung lyftes fram på något annat vis. Jag använde mig av intervjuer som forskningsmetod.</p><p>Min resultatanalys visade att samtliga pedagoger betonar användandet av ett nyanserat, rikt och benämnande språk i det vardagliga talet, under alla situationer i verksamheten. För barn med annat modersmål än svenska blir det extra viktigt med stöd i form av bilder och konkret material, enligt pedagogerna. Problematiska aspekter med att tala flera olika språk i verksamheten, som lyftes fram var dels organisatoriska - att erhålla pedagoger med en viss flerspråkig kompetens - och dels att hålla en sund balans där också det svenska språket ska betonas. På två av förskolorna talar pedagogerna andra språk än svenska i den dagliga verksamheten. De gör detta med hänvisning till de positiva kognitiva effekter barnet får. Tvärtemot detta har en förskollärare på en annan förskola valt att inte tala flera olika språk i verksamheten. Hon menar att detta sänder ut negativa signaler till de barn vars modersmål inte talas av någon av pedagogerna. Generellt sett framkom en ståndpunkt hos pedagogerna om att problem och svårigheter ingår i yrket, det ingår att anstränga sig, varför exempelvis språkförbistringar egentligen inte anses vara jobbigt.</p> / <p>The aim of this study was to shed light on how some teachers with different backgrounds, in a homogenous Swedish-speaking and a more multicultural area, think about and work with multilingual children in preschool. My research questions concerned the teachers’ vision of how a language stimulating environment should be designed. If multilingual children need a particular design - plus positive and negative aspects of the work with multilingual preschool children, as well as if there’s differences between the statements of the various professional roles. I also wanted to find out whether children's mother tongue was spoken in the everyday praxis or not - or if the child’s origins were highlighted in other ways. Interviews were used as my reasearch metod.</p><p>My results showed that all teachers stress the use of a nuanced, rich and naming language in everyday praxis. For children with a mother tongue other than Swedish, it becomes more important with language aid, like pictures and concrete materials, according to teachers. Problematic aspects of speaking several languages in preschool were partly organizational - to obtain staff with multilingual skills - and partly to keep a balance in also emphasizing Swedish. In two of the preschools’ everyday activity, teachers speak languages other than Swedish. They do this referring to the positive cognitive effects on the child. Contrary to this, a preschool teacher at another preschool chose not to speak other languages in everyday activity. She feels that this sends out negative signals to the children whose first language is not spoken by any of the teachers. In general, there was a position with the teachers that problems and difficulties are in the profession, making an effort forms a part of the occupation.</p>

<p>This thesis looks at conditions for selections of fictional texts in the Swedish subject in the upper secondary school. Three different empirical materials have contributed to the understanding of what conditions there are for the texts to enter the classroom. The first material consists of national policy documents from 1970 to 2005. Here there is a tendency that the student goes from being an object for knowledge to becoming a subject that creates his/her own knowledge. With this development the contents and the given aims with the subject become more abstract, which leads to the framework of the curriculum becoming wider and more difficult to interpret. Simultaneously the focus is moved from mediation of given knowledge, to the development of an identity for the individual.</p><p>The second material consists of debate and method articles from Svenskläraren, a magazine for members, published by an organisation of Swedish teachers. The study comprise articles from the same period of time as the national curricula. In the articles there are three tendencies reflecting the changes in the discourse of the Swedish subject. The first tendency shows how the overall ideological debate on the subject disappears during this period. The second tendency shows how discussions about the conceptions of the subject is replaced by more and more concrete examples of methods. The third tendency depicts that the concrete text selections have moved from being partly predetermined during the seventies to become debated during the eighties, to finally during the nineties end up in a situation where some texts has a sufficient cultural capital not to need justifications, whereas others need it.</p><p>The third material consists of interviews with, and observations of, four active teachers, in order to find what conditions there are for text selections in their rhetoric and practice. The results show a clear impression of informal institutional factors and of the school culture. However, this seems to decrease with experience. There are big differences in how the teachers speak about text selections and text use and what the result becomes in practice. Here professionalism in form of knowledge in subject didactics could have a vast impact.</p>

<p>The aim of this study has been to describe the reasoning of five immigrant parents with Swedish partners who raise their child to become bilingual. Having interviewed the informants, three central themes became apparent: bilingualism, identity and the environment. All five families reason that they raise their child with the mother tongue of the mother and the mother tongue of the father and that it is natural. Discussions about identity and culture are made in specific reference to the surrounding monolingual environment, which is often perceived as an obstacle to bilingualism.</p> / <p>Syftet med den här uppsatsen har varit att beskriva fem individers resonemang kring tvåspråkig barnuppfostran. Efter att ha intervjuat informanterna blev det tydligt att uppsatsen hade tre centrala teman: tvåspråkighet, identitet och miljön. Alla fem familjer anser att deras barn blir uppfostrad med moderns och faderns modersmål och att det är naturligt. Diskussioner om identitet och kultur är direkt knutna till den omgivande enspråkiga miljön, som ofta upplevs som ett hinder för tvåspråkighet.</p>

<p>Syftet med min uppsats är att redogöra för och diskutera hur en lärare arbetar med läslust och språkutveckling, samt hur hennes elever upplever denna undervisning. Läslust handlar om mycket mer än att bara tycka om att läsa böcker, såväl i skolan som på fritiden. Elever med läslust kan ta upp en bok att läsa som avkoppling, lika gärna som de kan se på tv.</p><p>För att undersöka mitt syfte har jag studerat en klass i en Stockholmsförort. Jag har intervjuat en lärare, samt fyra av hennes elever, för att ta reda på hur läraren arbetar med att skapa och upprätthålla läslusten hos eleverna, och hur eleverna uppfattar lärarens undervisning kring läslust. Jag har även gjort en enkätundersökning med alla elever i klassen, för att ta reda på hur de upplever läslust, och vad de tycker om lärarens arbetssätt för att skapa läslust.</p><p>Resultaten av min undersökning visar att det är skillnad mellan flickors och pojkars läsning. Oftast är det flickor som läser mest, vilket kan bero på flera faktorer. En anledning är att flickor har fler läsande förebilder och att många pojkar uppfattar läsning som omanligt, och de väljer därför bort det. Jag har även upptäckt att läraren inte medvetet arbetar med läslust, och att hennes elever inte upplever att läraren uppmuntrar dem till läsning.</p><p>Det är väldigt viktigt att elever har goda läsande förebilder som kan motivera och skapa nyfikenhet till läsning. Även att tidigt börja med läsning i skolan, samt att läraren har god bokkännedom och kan föra givande boksamtal efter att ha avslutat en bok, är viktigt. Det är betydande att läraren kan övertyga läsovana elever till att läsning är ett nöje, och att läraren hittar rätt bok till rätt elev.</p> / <p>My study’s aims are to describe and discuss how a teacher work with reading-inclination and language acquisition, and how her pupils perceive this teaching. Pupils that have reading-inclination can take a book and read it at home, as well as they can turn on the TV.</p><p>To achieve my aim I have studied a multilingual class in a suburb to Stockholm. I have interviewed one teacher and four of her pupils. I have also done a questionnaire-investigation with all the pupils in her class. I want to know if the teacher is aware of how she is working with the pupils to make them have reading-inclination while they are reading books. I would also like to know what the pupils think of reading-inclination and if they like to read.</p><p>The results of my study show that there is a large difference between the girls’ and the boys’ reading. The girls like to read more than the boys. One reason can be that girls have more reading models and that boys think reading is something feminine. I have also discovered that the teacher is not deliberately working with reading-inclination and her pupils don’t feel like she is encouraging them to read.</p><p>It’s very important with good role models that can justify and make the pupils curious about reading. It’s important for the pupils to start reading early in school, and for the teacher to have a good book-knowledge and lead profitable book-conversation after finishing a book. It’s also important for the teacher to convince pupils that are unaccustomed book-readers that reading is a pleasure, and to find the right book too the right pupil.</p>