This comprehensive study of Thea Musgrave's Orfeo I is the basis for a lecture-recital performed on March 20, 1989, at the University of North Texas, as part of DMA dissertation requirements. It includes: brief bio-background of Musgrave and Orfeo; historical background of both the Orpheus legend and some landmark dramatic works based on it; general development of Musgrave's dramatic language and specific ways in which she uses it in this composition; analysis of the work; performance guide; and annotated appendix listing Musgrave's published and recorded chamber works which include flute. Orfeo I is a major work for flute and electronic tape comprised entirely of manipulated flute sounds. It was commissioned by the British Broadcasting Corporation for James Galway, who recorded the taped material and was the featured performer in the 1976 London premier. An alternate version, Orfeo II, with fifteen strings in place of electronic tape, was premiered by David Shostac in 1976 in Los Angeles, and conducted by the composer. Orfeo's form is programmatically designed, divided into six sections based on Musgrave's "Scenario"of the Orpheus myth. Characters are dramatically depicted through means of "motifs"; that of Orpheus in solo flute, and all others in tape sounds. Musgrave uses quotations from Gluck's opera, Orfeo ed Euridice and Stravinsky's ballet, Orpheus, as basic compositional models. Using her own harmonic language, she combines tonal and chromatic elements in a linear compositional style which ties flute and tape together. Through "controlled aleatory," the soloist is allowed to shape certain aspects of the work. Use of electronic tape places Orfeo I in the realm of intermedia. In addition, Musgrave offers a versatile range of performance possibilities, from highly dramatic (including lighting instructions, option of ballet choreography for solo male dancer, costuming, etc.) to a straight concert rendition.

No description available.

O mito de Orfeu assinalou a produção literária de autores clássicos, marcando presença também em obras modernas e contemporâneas. Na literatura brasileira, a obra Orfeu da Conceição, texto dramático de Vinícius de Moraes, buscou promover o diálogo entre a mitologia grega clássica e as raízes culturais brasileiras através da incorporação de elementos órficos. Publicada em 1956, com o subtítulo Tragédia Carioca, alcançou sucesso significativo no âmbito literário e cinematográfico. Destacou-se pelas adaptações e referências ao mito original no interior de sua trama, que transcorre nos morros do Rio de Janeiro entre as décadas de 1950 e 1960. Pasquale Aniel Jannini, pesquisador e acadêmico italiano, publicou em 1961 a tradução de Orfeu da Conceição em língua italiana, sob o título Orfeo Negro. Através do cotejo entre original e tradução, constituiu-se um corpus de termos e expressões que evidenciam marcas culturais entre os textos. Após essa etapa, estes dados foram submetidos à classificação e análise através do modelo Modalidades de Tradução, de Francis Henrik Aubert (1998). Esse modelo consiste em uma metodologia de pesquisa tradutológica derivada de conceitos elaborados por Vinay e Darbelnet acerca de procedimentos técnicos da tradução. Um dos principais diferenciais do modelo em questão liga-se à possibilidade de análise quantitativa e tipológica dos elementos destacados na tradução. A metodologia selecionada para a observação de Orfeu da Conceição e Orfeo Negro considera, ainda, a tradução como um ato de comunicação que ocorre entre indivíduos e entre grupos sociais, assumindo sua função frente a culturas, ideologias e diferentes pontos de vista. A proposta de estudo destes marcadores culturais levantados pretende analisar aproximações e afastamentos entre Orfeu da Conceição e Orfeo Negro, assim como refletir acerca de peculiaridades e traços interculturais expressos entre os textos. Aplicando-se metodologia de Aubert (1998) aos marcadores culturais identificados, verificou-se uma maior incidência da modalidade modulação, o que evidencia uma tradução predominantemente domesticadora, de acordo com os conceitos de Venuti (1999). Verificou-se também uma incidência significativa de erros dentre as modalidades mais recorrentes. Ainda que a tradução em questão seja considerada domesticadora, é relevante o fato de que contém inserções de elementos estrangeirizadores, também de acordo com a conceituação de Venuti (1999). Em nosso estudo, buscamos ainda observar se o ciclo da tradução se completaria em um eventual leitor brasileiro, conhecedor do idioma italiano, em termos de reconhecimento próprio e de sua cultura no texto traduzido. Para tal questionamento, obtivemos resposta positiva, somada ao fato de que a leitura do texto original, Orfeu da Conceição, pode ser enriquecida pela análise contrastiva e pelo contato com a tradução Orfeo Negro. / Orpheus myth has marked literary production of classic authors, and made its presence felt in modern and contemporary literary works as well. On Brazilian literature, Orfeu da Conceição, a dramatic work by Vinícius de Moraes, aimed to promote the dialog between classic greek mythology and Brazilian cultural roots by incorporating orphic elements. Published in 1956, with the subtitle Tragédia Carioca (Carioca Tragedy), it has achieved significant success at the literature and movies scopes. It has stood out by the adaptations and references to original the myth inside the story, which takes place at the shanty towns of Rio de Janeiro city between the decades of 1950 and 1960. Pasquale Aniel Jannini, an Italian researcher and academic, published in 1961 the translation of Orfeu da Conceição into Italian language, under the title Orfeo Negro. By comparing the original text to the translation, it has been composed a corpus of terms and expressions that highlight cultural markers between the texts. After that step, these data had been classified and analyzed by the theoretical model Translation Modalities, by Francis Henrik Aubert (1998). This model consists of a translation research methodology derived from the concepts made by Vinay and Darbelnet concerning technical procedures of translation. One of the main differentials of this model is the possibility of making a quantitative and typological analysis of the highlighted elements on translation. Besides, the methodology selected for the observation of Orfeu da Conceição and Orfeo Negro, understands translation as a communication act between individuals and between social groups as well, taking on its role when comes to cultures, ideologies and different points of view. The purpose of the study of these collected cultural markers attempts to analyze approximations and distances between Orfeu da Conceição e Orfeo Negro, as well as to reflect on particularities and intercultural traits expressed between the texts. By applying the methodology of Aubert (1998) to the identified cultural markers, we have verified a major occurrence of the modality modulation, which has evidenced a predominant domesticating translation, according to the concepts of Venuti (1999). We have also verified a significant occurrence of errors among the most common modalities. Although this translation is considered a domesticating translation, it is relevant the fact that it contains the insertion of foreignizing elements, also according to the conceptualization of Venuti (1999). In our study, we have also aimed to observe if the cycle of translation would complete itself by an eventual Brazilian reader who knows the Italian language, in terms of self-recognition and recognition of his or her own culture on the translated text. For such question, we have reached an affirmative answer, added to the fact that the reading of the original text, Orfeu da Conceição, can be enriched by the contrastive analysis and the contact with the translation Orfeo Negro.

O mito de Orfeu assinalou a produção literária de autores clássicos, marcando presença também em obras modernas e contemporâneas. Na literatura brasileira, a obra Orfeu da Conceição, texto dramático de Vinícius de Moraes, buscou promover o diálogo entre a mitologia grega clássica e as raízes culturais brasileiras através da incorporação de elementos órficos. Publicada em 1956, com o subtítulo Tragédia Carioca, alcançou sucesso significativo no âmbito literário e cinematográfico. Destacou-se pelas adaptações e referências ao mito original no interior de sua trama, que transcorre nos morros do Rio de Janeiro entre as décadas de 1950 e 1960. Pasquale Aniel Jannini, pesquisador e acadêmico italiano, publicou em 1961 a tradução de Orfeu da Conceição em língua italiana, sob o título Orfeo Negro. Através do cotejo entre original e tradução, constituiu-se um corpus de termos e expressões que evidenciam marcas culturais entre os textos. Após essa etapa, estes dados foram submetidos à classificação e análise através do modelo Modalidades de Tradução, de Francis Henrik Aubert (1998). Esse modelo consiste em uma metodologia de pesquisa tradutológica derivada de conceitos elaborados por Vinay e Darbelnet acerca de procedimentos técnicos da tradução. Um dos principais diferenciais do modelo em questão liga-se à possibilidade de análise quantitativa e tipológica dos elementos destacados na tradução. A metodologia selecionada para a observação de Orfeu da Conceição e Orfeo Negro considera, ainda, a tradução como um ato de comunicação que ocorre entre indivíduos e entre grupos sociais, assumindo sua função frente a culturas, ideologias e diferentes pontos de vista. A proposta de estudo destes marcadores culturais levantados pretende analisar aproximações e afastamentos entre Orfeu da Conceição e Orfeo Negro, assim como refletir acerca de peculiaridades e traços interculturais expressos entre os textos. Aplicando-se metodologia de Aubert (1998) aos marcadores culturais identificados, verificou-se uma maior incidência da modalidade modulação, o que evidencia uma tradução predominantemente domesticadora, de acordo com os conceitos de Venuti (1999). Verificou-se também uma incidência significativa de erros dentre as modalidades mais recorrentes. Ainda que a tradução em questão seja considerada domesticadora, é relevante o fato de que contém inserções de elementos estrangeirizadores, também de acordo com a conceituação de Venuti (1999). Em nosso estudo, buscamos ainda observar se o ciclo da tradução se completaria em um eventual leitor brasileiro, conhecedor do idioma italiano, em termos de reconhecimento próprio e de sua cultura no texto traduzido. Para tal questionamento, obtivemos resposta positiva, somada ao fato de que a leitura do texto original, Orfeu da Conceição, pode ser enriquecida pela análise contrastiva e pelo contato com a tradução Orfeo Negro. / Orpheus myth has marked literary production of classic authors, and made its presence felt in modern and contemporary literary works as well. On Brazilian literature, Orfeu da Conceição, a dramatic work by Vinícius de Moraes, aimed to promote the dialog between classic greek mythology and Brazilian cultural roots by incorporating orphic elements. Published in 1956, with the subtitle Tragédia Carioca (Carioca Tragedy), it has achieved significant success at the literature and movies scopes. It has stood out by the adaptations and references to original the myth inside the story, which takes place at the shanty towns of Rio de Janeiro city between the decades of 1950 and 1960. Pasquale Aniel Jannini, an Italian researcher and academic, published in 1961 the translation of Orfeu da Conceição into Italian language, under the title Orfeo Negro. By comparing the original text to the translation, it has been composed a corpus of terms and expressions that highlight cultural markers between the texts. After that step, these data had been classified and analyzed by the theoretical model Translation Modalities, by Francis Henrik Aubert (1998). This model consists of a translation research methodology derived from the concepts made by Vinay and Darbelnet concerning technical procedures of translation. One of the main differentials of this model is the possibility of making a quantitative and typological analysis of the highlighted elements on translation. Besides, the methodology selected for the observation of Orfeu da Conceição and Orfeo Negro, understands translation as a communication act between individuals and between social groups as well, taking on its role when comes to cultures, ideologies and different points of view. The purpose of the study of these collected cultural markers attempts to analyze approximations and distances between Orfeu da Conceição e Orfeo Negro, as well as to reflect on particularities and intercultural traits expressed between the texts. By applying the methodology of Aubert (1998) to the identified cultural markers, we have verified a major occurrence of the modality modulation, which has evidenced a predominant domesticating translation, according to the concepts of Venuti (1999). We have also verified a significant occurrence of errors among the most common modalities. Although this translation is considered a domesticating translation, it is relevant the fact that it contains the insertion of foreignizing elements, also according to the conceptualization of Venuti (1999). In our study, we have also aimed to observe if the cycle of translation would complete itself by an eventual Brazilian reader who knows the Italian language, in terms of self-recognition and recognition of his or her own culture on the translated text. For such question, we have reached an affirmative answer, added to the fact that the reading of the original text, Orfeu da Conceição, can be enriched by the contrastive analysis and the contact with the translation Orfeo Negro.

From the eighth to the fourteenth century, places of wonder and dread appear in a wide variety of genres in Old and Middle English: epics, lays, romances, saints’ lives, travel narratives, marvel collections, visions of the afterlife. These places appear in narratives of the other world, a term which in Old and Middle English texts refers to the Christian afterlife: Hell, Purgatory, even Paradise can be fraught with wonder, danger, and the possibility of harm. But in addition to the other world, there are places that are not theologically separate from the human world, but that are nevertheless both marvellous and horrifying: the monster-mere in Beowulf, the Faerie kingdom of Sir Orfeo, the demon-ridden Vale Perilous in Mandeville’s Travels, or the fearful landscape of the Green Chapel in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. Fraught with horror or the possibility of harm, these places are profoundly different from the presented or implied home world of the text. My dissertation investigates how Old and Middle English narratives create places of wonder and dread; how they situate these places metaphysically between the world of living mortals and the world of the afterlife; how they furnish these places with dangerous topography and monstrous inhabitants, as well as with motifs, with tropes, and with thematic concerns that signal their marvellous and fearful nature. I argue that the heart of this poetics of marvellous spaces is displacement. Their wonder and dread comes from boundaries that these places blur and cross, from the resistance of these places to being known or mapped, and from the deliberate distancing between these places and the home of their texts. This overarching concern with displacement encourages the migration of iconographic motifs, tropes, and themes across genre boundaries and theological categories.

From the eighth to the fourteenth century, places of wonder and dread appear in a wide variety of genres in Old and Middle English: epics, lays, romances, saints’ lives, travel narratives, marvel collections, visions of the afterlife. These places appear in narratives of the other world, a term which in Old and Middle English texts refers to the Christian afterlife: Hell, Purgatory, even Paradise can be fraught with wonder, danger, and the possibility of harm. But in addition to the other world, there are places that are not theologically separate from the human world, but that are nevertheless both marvellous and horrifying: the monster-mere in Beowulf, the Faerie kingdom of Sir Orfeo, the demon-ridden Vale Perilous in Mandeville’s Travels, or the fearful landscape of the Green Chapel in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. Fraught with horror or the possibility of harm, these places are profoundly different from the presented or implied home world of the text. My dissertation investigates how Old and Middle English narratives create places of wonder and dread; how they situate these places metaphysically between the world of living mortals and the world of the afterlife; how they furnish these places with dangerous topography and monstrous inhabitants, as well as with motifs, with tropes, and with thematic concerns that signal their marvellous and fearful nature. I argue that the heart of this poetics of marvellous spaces is displacement. Their wonder and dread comes from boundaries that these places blur and cross, from the resistance of these places to being known or mapped, and from the deliberate distancing between these places and the home of their texts. This overarching concern with displacement encourages the migration of iconographic motifs, tropes, and themes across genre boundaries and theological categories.

El propósito de esta tesina es analizar el comportamiento grupal en los cuentos Queremos tanto a Glenda y Las Ménades del escritor argentino Julio Cortázar. La investigación se basa en las ideas de Carl Jung, y más específicamente en sus teorías sobre el inconsciente colectivo y los arquetipos. También hemos consultado algunos de los escritos que ha presentado Jung sobre la relación entre el individuo y el colectivo, y sobre el arte. El objetivo del estudio ha sido investigar la razón detrás de la reacción del grupo en los cuentos elegidos, y mirar más de cerca cómo esta reacción afecta al desarrollo de la historia. La conclusión de nuestro análisis es que la fuerza impulsadora detrás de la reacción grupal, en ambos cuentos, es el deseo inconsciente, de los miembros de los grupos, de cumplir con los arquetipos. A través del colectivo se fortalecen los impulsos de los arquetipos hasta volverse imposibles de detener. Esto causa el fin inesperado e infeliz, tanto en Queremos tanto a Glenda, como en Las Ménades.

No description available.

《奧菲歐爵士》(Sir Orfeo) 是一首十三世紀晚期至十四世紀初期的傳奇敘事詩，其中重複出現的時空特性強調出奧菲爾斯傳統中「失去」的主題。克服失去的難題顯示了在無常的世界中維持恆常的困頓—如何在娑婆的世間找尋精神的寄託所在，以解失去對於個人時空感受所造成的罣礙，體驗生命的當下？於多數奧菲爾斯版本之中，到冥界挽回尤瑞柢思 (Eurydice) 的旅程是一個重要的場景，其突顯了在無常之中對於秩序與生命延續 (continuity) 的訴求。這首詩中，不同的延續觀出現於聽覺導向的人間王國與視覺導向的精靈王國，再再顯示了維持恆常的重要性。作為重回秩序的工具，奧菲歐的豎琴為此議題提供了重要的線索。問題的重心在於音樂中協調時空的力量，也就是所謂的共時性，其中蘊涵了奧菲爾斯文本中自身與世界的關係，及其與變動時空，延續感，以及重建秩序的關聯。 奧古斯都 (St. Augustine) 的《音樂論》(De musica) 從八世紀晚期到十五世紀以來一直都是一部影響深遠的著作，為音樂中的時間經驗提供了完整的哲學分析。從奧古斯都的音樂時間觀所呈現的先驗及秩序概念出發，此論文目的在於檢視奧菲歐的豎琴中所顯示出中古時期對於無常 (temporalia) 與先驗(transcendence) 的關懷主題。此項研究在於一種經由音樂與時空所協調出的經驗感受。除了探討人類王國與精靈王國之間的辯證關係，也揭示了《奧菲歐爵士》對於存在、當下、以及人類價值 (humanity) 所表現出來的核心態度。誠如奧菲歐與野外動物們共享短暫的和諧經驗所示 (272-80)，奧古斯都的先驗及永恆觀與奧菲歐豎琴中變動的感官特性並不相符。儘管如此，他對於靈魂律動所提出的解釋，以及記憶是一種出於心智印象 (phantasiai) 的看法，為我們提供檢驗精靈王國時空感的理論基礎。 為了解釋音樂中的和諧如何經由時間經驗讓奧菲歐在變動的世界中維持恆心，此篇論文分成四個章節：第一章介紹相關主題及評論。第二章介紹 中古時期與奧菲爾斯神化相關的音樂理論背景並且闡釋奧古斯都音樂論中的時間觀。在第三章中，我將進一步分析《奧菲歐爵士》中的時空觀。奧菲歐的豎琴所帶來的和諧經驗將會以個人內在與變動外在的互動回饋機制來檢視。這樣的內外交流呈現出一種變動的先驗觀，將永恆寄託在一種有機變動中所體驗的延續感。 其同時也揭露了自身與世界互動的關鍵模式，透過精神蛻變 (metamorphosis) 和冥界之旅等面向，增進我們了解失去及無常的主題。最後，我將在第四章以豎琴的社會意義作結，解釋其對於口說傳統的文化傳承帶來什麼樣的影響，並提供其他奧菲爾斯文本一個不同的角度來觀看自身與世界的關係。 / Loss, the dominant theme in the Orphic tradition, is accentuated by the recurring issue of temporality in Sir Orfeo, a late thirteenth or early fourteenth century romance. The difficulty of overcoming loss posts the question of finding spiritual residence and maintaining spiritual progress in the temporal world. The underworld journey to retrieving Eurydice, as a major scene in most adaptations of the myth, signifies the quest of order and continuity through changes. Such an issue of maintaining constancy is highlighted by the different features of continuity appearing in the hearing-oriented human kingdom and the sight-oriented fairy world. Orfeo’s harping, as the means for recovery, offers a significant clue in viewing this issue. The question falls on the meditative power of music itself, i.e. the contemporal experience of sentiments, which reveals the particular self-world relationship embedded in the Orphic texts and its relation to temporality, duration, and the restoration of order. Augustine’s De musica, which had been an influential work from the late eighth century to the fifteenth century (Fitzgerald 575-76), provides an overall philosophical illustration on the experience of time in music and its relation to maintaining order. Deriving from Augustine’s idea of how the experience of time in music contributes to an understanding of transcendence and order, this thesis aims to examine the medieval concern of temporalia and transcendence manifested in Orfeo’s harping. It is a study of a relationship in space and experience of time that is negotiated through music, which explores the dialectic relationship between Orfeo’s kingdom and the fairyland, and also reveals essential attitude toward existence, presence, and humanity in Sir Orfeo. Although Augustine’s conception of timeless transcendence does not match the temporal and sensual nature of Orfeo’s harping, as seen in the temporary harmony Orfeo shares with the wild animals (272-80), his exposition on the movement of the soul, together with the explication of memory as images (i.e. phantasiai) operated in the motions of the mind, provide us a theoretical basis for examining the temporality of the fairy world. To illustrate how the harmonic order generated through the experience of time in music contributes to the maintenance of internal consistency within the temporal world, this thesis is divided into four chapters: Chapter one introduces relevant issues and literary criticism. Chapter two offers a detailed explanation of the historical background of medieval music theories, the associated allegorical readings of the Orphic texts, and Augustine’s conception of time in the experience of music. In chapter three, I further analyze the temporality of music in Sir Orfeo and distinguish two types of temporality, that of Orfeo’s court and that of the fairyland. The harmonic relationship maintained by Orfeo’s harping is examined in terms of the reciprocal interaction between the inner self and the operating world, which prescribes continuity in temporal transcendence and reveals a significant mode of self-world relationship. Such a study contributes to our understanding of the theme of loss and change in relation to spiritual metamorphosis and the underworld journey. Finally, I conclude in chapter four with the social significance of the harping in order to examine the cultural legacy of the bardic tradition. Through the examination of the mediation of music, I offer an alternative view on the self-world relationship in the Orphic texts.