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Detta examensarbete handlar om tillvägagångssättet för hur beredningsarbete utförs hos TROLK El & Tele AB. Beredningsarbetet innefattar landsbygdsnätet för tre områden, Hermanseröd, Fän samt Suttene i Munkedals kommun. Denna beredning ligger till grund för att kunna genomföra projektet från Fortum Distribution AB. Projektet har tillkommit då Fortum valt att investera för att säkerställa spänningskvalitén och vädersäkra nätet i ovan nämnda områden. Beredningen omfattar markägarkontakt, fältarbete, tillstånd och avtalsansökningar. Upprättande av en P2 kalkyl kommer att ske för att få en prisbild över projektets kostnader. Förläggning av kabel och placering av nätstationer skall även fastställas åt nätägaren. Den spänningsnivå nätet berörs av är upp till 12kV som kommer att transformeras ner till 0,4kV för abonnenter. Projektet omfattar tre nätstationer, ca 2,7 km msp-kabel, ca 0,5 km lsp-kabel, 1 st. kabelskåp samt ca 1,7 km rasering av friledning. Sammanfattningen av fältarbetet som genomförts är att projektörens förslag av kabelförläggning kommer att eftersträvas till största del, med undantag för vissa problematiska platser där kabelförläggningen kommer att ändras. / This thesis is about the approach how the preparation work is done at TROLK El & Tele AB. The preparation work includes three areas, Hermanseröd, Fän and Suttene in Munkedal municipality. This preparation is the basis for the implementation of the project from Fortum Distribution AB. The project has come when Fortum decided to invest to ensure power quality and weather secure the network in the areas that was earlier mentioned. The preparation includes landowner contact, field work, permits and contract applications. Laying of cables and placement of the substations will also be established for the network owner. The voltage level of the network that is affected is up to 12kV to be transformed down to 0.4kV for subscribers. The project includes three substations, about 2.7 kilometers medium voltage cable, approximately 0.5 kilometers low voltage cable, 1 pc, cable box and about 1.7 kilometers demolition of the overhead line. The summary of the field work carried out is that the planner proposals of cable will be pursued for the most part, except for certain problematic locations where the cable placement will be changed.

Thesis title: Territorial Decision-Making-Processes In this thesis, the author deals primarily with the planning permission proceedings, including the analysis of partial changes in the legislation introduced by the conceptual amendment of Act No. 183/2006 Coll., On Spatial Planning and the Building Code (Building Act), which came into effect on January 1, 2018. Author of this thesis draws in his writing primarily from the available commentary literature, from various judicial decisions of the Czech courts, especially of the Supreme Administrative Court of the Czech Republic and, last but not least, from a number of expert articles. The thesis is internally divided into the introduction, three separate chapters, subchapters and the conclusion. In the introductory chapter, the author defines selected basic terms relevant to planning permission proceedings in order to give the reader the opportunity to better understand the subject matter. The author further compares the differences between conceptual and implementation tools of spatial planning, describes the ways in which buildings are placed in the territory, as well as the different types of planning permits. In the second, core chapter of the thesis, the author offers a detailed analysis of the process leading to the issuance of a planning...

Long-term residence permit for the purpose of study in the Czech Republic Abstract Long-term residence permit for the purpose of study is permitted by the Ministry of the Interior to the third-country nationals who intend to stay in the Czech Republic for more than 1 year. The fundamental legal regulation governing long-term residence isact No. 326/1999 Coll., On the Residence of Foreign nationals in the Czech Republic and on amendment of certain acts, that is transposing Directives of the European Union on which is this residence based. The case law of the Czech administrative courts, the Constitutional Court and the Court of Justice of the European Union cannot be omitted since it is important source. Firstly, is the master's thesis devoted to the concept of foreigners, in order to clearly specify for which category of foreigners is the long-term stay intended to and what area of law deals with it. Subsequently, the Directive 2004/114/EC, which is the basis of a valid and effective regulation of the study stay, is being analysed along with the Directive 2016/801, which will be transposed into the Czech legal system by an amendment to act No. 326/1999 Coll., which is at the time of submitting the master's thesis at the stage of the government's draft, waiting for the first reading in the Chamber of...

This diploma thesis addresses the layout of a universal factory building at a site on the development plan of the village of Dolní Bukovsko. At the beginning, the thesis deals with two design options. Subsequently, the project documentation of the universal factory building has been prepared for the building permit issue to the extent required for the declaration of a simple construction pursuant to Decree No. 499/2006 Coll. on building documentation. The project reflects the current requirements for the installation of modern production technologies, the economic aspect of minimum building investment costs, and the operating costs optimization of the given production in a medium-sized factory building.

Bygglov handlar om att väga enskilda intressen mot allmänna intressen i hur vår omvärld ska se ut. Tolkningen av hur lagen ska efter levas faller på bygglovshandläggaren, dennes chef och däröver nämnden. Att handlägga ett bygglov kräver kunskaper i både PBL (plan- och bygglagen) och BBR (boverkets byggregler), rätt instanser ska kontaktas samt remisser och grannhöranden skickas i de fall de behövs. En handläggare måste kunna läsa och tolka lagtexter, kartor och detaljplaner som ibland är av äldre datum och svårtydda. Det här arbetet tar upp hur kommunerna arbetar med bygglovshandläggningen och hur kunderna upplever kommunernas arbete. Vilka uppgifter en bygglovshandläggare utför under en dag undersöks. Det visar sig att arbetet varierar väldigt mycket från dag till dag. Handläggaren måste bemöta frågor och ge relevanta svar som frågeställaren kan förstå och acceptera. Till sin hjälp har handläggaren flera verktyg som underlättar arbetet så som digitala kartor, ritningar och lagtexter. Det framkom under mina studier att Örebro kommun och Karlskoga kommun använder sig av lean-modeller i sitt arbete för att korta ner handläggningstiderna och få nöjdare kunder. Kommunerna genomför undersökningar för att få en uppfattning om vad som behöver förbättras och vad som redan fungerar tillfredställande. / Building permit is about to weigh individual interests against the public interest in decisionmaking about how our surroundings should look like. The interpretation of how the law should be observed undertaken by the building permit officer, his or her manager and the board. Dealing with a building permit requires knowledge of both PBL (Planning and Building Act) and BBR (Building Regulations), the relevant instances should be contacted, and referrals and neighborhood hearings should be sent when they are required. An administrator must be able to read and interpret legal texts, maps and detailed plans that are sometimes old and difficult to interpret. This work addresses how the county works with building permit processing and how customers perceive the county’s work. What tasks a building permit officer performs in one day is studied. It becomes apparent that the work varies greatly from day to day. The officer must respond to questions and provide relevant answers that are easy to understand and accept. There are several helpful tools available to assist the officer, such as digital maps, drawings and law texts. During my studies I learned that both Örebro county and Karlskoga county make use of lean models in their efforts to reduce delays and improve customer satisfaction. The counties carry out surveys to get an idea of what needs improvement and what already works satisfactorily.

Le droit de l’urbanisme s’articule principalement autour de l’acte de construire. Se pose alors la question fondamentale de la nature juridique du droit de construire. Bien qu’attaché au droit de propriété, celui-ci n’en demeure pas moins défini par des règles d’urbanisme, et s’exerce dans les limites des servitudes administratives et contractuelles. Selon la structure foncière sur lequel est envisagé un projet de construction et le mode opérationnel adopté pour ce faire, le droit de construire, quantifié en surface de plancher, peut être modulé, majoré, ou privatisé. Alors que les pouvoirs publics ont engagé depuis une quinzaine d’années une politique en faveur de la densification, ayant donné lieu à d’importantes réformes du code de l’urbanisme, une réflexion de fond s’impose afin de donner davantage de cohérence et de simplicité à un droit initialement conçu comme une police spéciale de l'occupation et de l'utilisation du sol, et qui ne cesse de se complexifier / Urban planning law mainly revolves around the action of building. This leads us to fundamentally question the legal nature/ status of the right to build. Even though the right to build is a property one, it is also defined by urban planning regulations and is subject to administrative and contractual limitations of easements. According to the land property structure, the right to build, quantified in floor area, can be modified, increased or privatized.While public authorities have engaged in the last 15 years into policies favoring densification, that resulted in major reforms of the urban planning code, a more in depth reflection remains necessary to bring more coherence and simplicity to the code, that had been initially conceived as a “special police” for land cover and use, and that is growing to become more and more complex

Uppsatsen handlar om ansökan av bygglov i Malmö stad som tagits på remiss av miljöförvaltningen. Efter att ha fått en lista över förslag på uppsatsämnen av Malmö stad, bestämde vi oss för att studera ämnet ”bygglov” mer. De två centrala frågeställningarna är 1. Vad händer med de bygglov som Miljöförvaltningen på Malmö stad har avstyrkt? Har de ändå blivit beviljade, och på vilka grunder? 2. Identifieras miljöaspekter i bygglovsansökningar i samma grad och utsträckning oavsett om det är stadsbyggnadskontoret eller miljöförvaltningen som gör bedömningen? Bygglovsansökningar som blivit behandlade av Miljöförvaltningen på Malmö stad under åren 2015–2017 utvärderades. Vi genomförde intervjuer med handläggare på miljöförvaltningen och stadsbyggnadskontoret, samt en dokumentgranskning av de beslut som tagits på remiss av miljöförvaltningen. Analysen visar att bygglov som tagits på remiss av miljöförvaltningen och fått avstyrkan, ändå blivit beviljade av stadsbyggnadskontoret samt att stadsbyggnadskontoret inte lägger någon större vikt vid miljöförvaltningens yttrande så länge det inte innebär en risk för människors liv eller hälsa. Nyckelord: bygglov, miljöförvaltningen, Malmö stad, miljöaspekter, remiss / This essay is about building permits in Malmö city, which has been referred to by the Environmental Office in the city of Malmö. The two key issues are: 1. What happens to the building permits that the Environmental Office in Malmö city has suppressed? Have they still been granted, and for what reasons? 2. Is environmental aspects identified in building permits in the same degree and extent, regardless of whether it is the City Building Office or Environmental Office who make the assessment? The purpose is to assess building permit applications that have been processed by the Environmental Office in Malmö city in 2015-2017. To answer the questions, we conducted interviews with staff at the Environmental Office and City Building Office and also a document review of the decisions taken on Environmental Office. The paper concludes that the building permits issued by the Environmental Office have been granted permission by the city building office, and that the City Building Office does not make a major assessment in the Environmental Offices opinion if it does not endanger human life or health.

Within the boundaries of Utah are approximately 52.7 million acres of land. About 41 million acres are rangeland, of which 73 percent is federally owned and 5 percent state owned (6).1 The portion owned by the Federal government is administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the Forest Service. Most of this land is either arid or mountainous and has been used mainly for grazing in the past. IT has other uses, however, such as mining, forestry, recreation, and watersheds. Due to recent increases in population, personal income, shorter work weeks, and improved transportation facilities, these alternatives are becoming strong competitors for the use of this land.

The European Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) aims to lower greenhouse gases inpollution-intensive industries. The success of the EU ETS, its policy framework and its pricingstrategy is both empirically acknowledged and disputed. The study contributes to the empiricalresearch on the effect of the price of EU ETS permits on carbon emissions. Therefore, the aimis to establish the relationship between the price of emission permits and CO2 emissions inrelation to each phase of the EU ETS, for Sweden and Finland with a focus on the Pulp andPaper Industry (PPI). Moreover, the focus lies on the difference in the effect of each EU ETSphase on CO2 emissions, allowing for discussion on the effectiveness of each phase. Using aNewey-West multiple linear regression analysis, we found statistically significant evidence thatduring Phase 3, EU ETS permit pricing had a negative effect on CO2 emissions for both Swedenand Finland, EU ETS permit pricing in Phase 1 seems to have a low positive effect on CO2emissions solely for Sweden, while Phase 2 does not have an effect on CO2 emissions for eithercountry. Our collected data implies some degree of ineffectiveness and uncertainty in thesuccess of the EU ETS framework and pricing strategy.