Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:14:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5516.pdf: 2961406 bytes, checksum: eb5d8e218d81d0294cc08025592ba178 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-21 / The object of this work is the Orkut as a mean of politic socialization. The goal is to analyze the role of new communication and information technologies, specially the Orkut communities Government and Politic , to identify if there are any contribution for expansion and strengthening of a democratic political culture. Our hypothesis is that the Orkut, faced with the possibility of virtual communities creation and discussion referring to political issues, end out creating a public space which corroborates as an agent of political socialization, contributing to amplify politic discussions and for democratic politic culture consolidation. The criterion for selection of communities related to political issues in the Orkut was realized focusing in the diversity of political issues positioning, such as support, rejection and evaluation about politic and democracy. The methodology for this analyze correspond to DAIA criterion , once this criterion is not limited only in thinking communication in terms of instrumentalization and technique, but as a process of social relationship. In this way, we aimed trough this Orkut study, mainly of its communities, to investigate the role of NTCI s in the consolidation of a democratic politic culture and to contribute for the investigation about digital democracy in democratic process. / O objeto desta pesquisa é o Orkut como um meio de socialização política. O objetivo é analisar o papel das novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação, sobretudo as comunidades Governo e Política do Orkut, no sentido de perceber se há uma contribuição para a expansão e fortalecimento de uma cultura política democrática. A nossa hipótese é de que o Orkut, diante da possibilidade de criação de comunidades virtuais e de discussões em referência a assuntos políticos, acaba por criar um espaço público que corrobora como um agente de socialização política, contribuindo, assim, para uma ampliação das discussões políticas e para a consolidação de uma cultura política democrática. O critério de seleção das comunidades relacionadas a assuntos políticos no Orkut foi realizado tendo em vista a diversidade de posicionamentos frente às questões políticas, como exemplo, o apoio, o repúdio e as avaliações a respeito da política e da democracia. A metodologia para a análise em questão corresponde ao critério DAIA , uma vez que tal critério não se limita apenas em pensar a comunicação em termos de instrumentalização e técnica, mas sim como um processo de relação social. Neste sentido, procuramos através desse estudo do Orkut, sobretudo de suas comunidades, investigar o papel das NTIC s na consolidação de uma cultura política democrática e contribuir para a análise sobre a democracia digital nos processos democráticos.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:20:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thais D da R Thomazini.pdf: 1098313 bytes, checksum: ab01fd73780a64251d121297733d4b9b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-25 / This research aims to understand and analyze the Câmara Jovem program, created in 2007 by the legislative power of Cascavel city, located in the Paraná State in Brazil, in a partnership with the Regional Education Center. The program allows the participation of public and private schools, represented by students of elementary and high school levels. The students which are chosen by vote among the others students are called of Youth Councilors and have to represent their school and community in the Câmara Jovem during a year. In accordance with its resolution, the program aims to integrate the young people with the policy, to promote the integration between the legislative power and public and private schools in the city, to create opportunities to young people learn the legislative function of municipal government and to contribute to the formation of citizens able to participate in the political reality. In this context, this research aims to understand the implications that the socialization political process proposed by this program may have on the political culture of the young participants. Firstly, a literature about the concept of political socialization were studied and analyzed. The authors present their analyze about the possible contributions and limits of this process in the politcal formation of adolescents and youth people, and also for the democracy. From the theoretical study and the research problem presented, it was decided to realize a case study using qualitative methodological procedures. In this procedures we can detach document analysis, field research and participant observation of sessions of the program, and semi-structured interviews with young councilors that participate or have participated in the program. In order to corroborate with the qualitative study, primary quantitative data were collected and analyzed by means of objective questionnaire applied in high school students from public and private schools in the city. The use of quantitative data aimed to prepare a comparative analysis between students who participate as young councilors and students who do not participate in the program. This action searches to understand the elements that are envolved with the youth participation in the program, and the way that this influence may contribuite in the formation of political conceptions and attitudes of young participants. The socialization political process proposed by the program, is characterized by an emphasis on learning and integration of the young with the policy, and motivated us to reflect about which conception of politics is taught to young people, and the possible implications that this process may have on the political education of young participants. / A pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo, o programa Câmara Jovem, criado em 2007 por representantes do poder legislativo do município de Cascavel PR em parceria com o Núcleo Regional de Educação. Em exercício a partir da resolução municipal da Câmara de Vereadores 011/2007, o programa permite a participação de alunos do Ensino Fundamental II e Médio de escolas públicas e privadas do município, escolhidos mediante votação entre os estudantes da escola. De acordo com a resolução do programa, o projeto tem como objetivos integrar o jovem com a política, promover a integração da câmara municipal com colégios públicos e privados do município, oportunizar o aprendizado da função legislativa do poder público municipal e contribuir na formação de cidadãos capazes de participar do processo de tomada de decisões políticas. Nesse contexto, a pesquisa visa compreender as implicações que o processo de socialização política proposto no programa Câmara Jovem exerce na formação da cultura política dos jovens participantes. Parte-se inicialmente, de uma pesquisa bibliográfica acerca do conceito de socialização política, a partir de literatura específica, destacando autores que analisam as possíveis contribuições e limites desse processo para adolescentes e jovens e também para o regime político democrático. Mediante o estudo teórico e o problema de pesquisa apresentado, optou-se pela realização de um estudo de caso, com o uso de procedimentos metodológicos qualitativos. Foram utilizadas como técnicas de pesquisa: análise documental, pesquisa de campo e observação participante das sessões do programa durante o segundo semestre de 2010 e todo o ano letivo de 2011; e entrevistas semi estruturadas com vereadores jovens da gestão 2010 2011 e vereadores jovens egressos. No sentido de corroborar com o estudo qualitativo realizado, a pesquisa trabalhou com a coleta e análise de dados quantitativos primários, obtidos por meio de questionário objetivo aplicado em estudantes do ensino médio de escolas públicas e privadas do município. O uso de dados quantitativos visou realizar uma análise comparativa entre os estudantes que atuam como vereadores jovens na gestão 2011-2012 e estudantes do ensino médio que não participam do programa, buscando analisar em que medida a participação no programa pode influenciar concepções e atitudes políticas dos jovens participantes. O processo de socialização política proposto pelo programa, caracterizado pela ênfase na aprendizagem e integração do jovem com a política nos instiga uma reflexão acerca de qual concepção de política é ensinada aos jovens, e as possíveis implicações que esse processo pode ter na formação política dos adolescentes e jovens participantes.

Cette thèse analyse l’entrée en politique des dirigeants de la Mutuelle nationale des étudiants de France (MNEF). Cet organisme prenait en charge la gestion de la sécurité sociale étudiante. Il était dirigé par des étudiants élus. Au cours des années 1960 et 1970, l’engagement de ces responsables devient de plus en plus politique. Leur activité militante et professionnelle constitue une forme de socialisation particulière, en ce sens qu’ils apprennent des savoir-faire et intériorisent des représentations assimilables à des apprentissages politiques. La conversion de ce capital militant en capital politique constitue le cœur de la thèse. Elle est favorisée par des configurations d’acteurs au sein desquels les mondes de la représentation étudiante et les partis politiques sont fortement intriqués. Le recours à l’analyse des réseaux sociaux a permis d’objectiver ces configurations et de les situer historiquement. Les interpénétrations sont beaucoup plus fortes dans les années 1970 et 1980 que lors des années 1960. Au cours de ces deux décennies, un dirigeant sur de la mutuelle sur deux entre – en tant qu’élu ou que membre d’un cabinet – dans le champ politique. L’analyse de l’engagement de ces militants étudiants nous renseigne plus généralement sur l’entrée en politique comme processus. / This thesis analyses the political entrance of the leaders of the French national student health care insurance (MNEF). This organisation was in charge of student social security, lead by elected students. During the 1960s and 1970s, the engagement of the organisation's leaders became more and more political. Their activist and professional activities constitute a specific form of socialisation as they are integrating new know-how and internalize representations that are very similar to political knowledge. The transfer of this activist capital into political one is at the heart of this thesis. Transfer is made possible by configurations of actors in which the worlds of the student representation and political parties are strongly intermingled. Social networks analysis allows us to objectify this configuration and to place them in their historical context. Interpenetration is much stronger in the 1970s and 1980s than in the 1960s. During these two decades, one leader of the MNEF out of two enter the field of politics, either has an elected representative or cabinet member. The analysis of the commitment of these student activists provides useful general information about the entrance into politics as a process.

Basée sur une observation participante de deux ans au sein de La Kuizine, un squat d’activités de l’est parisien ouvert par des militants marxistes et/ou anarchistes, la thèse se présente comme une contribution à l’étude du renouveau des entreprises critiques et des pratiques contestataires et apporte une pierre empirique de plus à la connaissance des espaces publics d’aujourd’hui. Accordant une large place au matériau ethnographique, la recherche s’inscrit dans une perspective empruntant à la fois à la tradition interactionniste de la troisième Ecole de Chicago et à la sociologie bourdieusienne afin d’éclairer les mécanismes de domination (re)produits au sein de La Kuizine et les « possibles latéraux » qui y sont expérimentés. En effet, le collectif militant à l’origine de l’initiative avait pour objectif d’en faire un lieu de « solidarité de classe » en y organisant divers ateliers (en particulier des repas à prix libre) à destination des travailleurs et habitants du quartier et en privilégiant l’autogestion comme modus operandi de la décision collective. L’analyse de cet espace – indissociablement physique, social et communicationnel – se situe donc au carrefour de plusieurs disciplines : la science politique, la sociologie, l’anthropologie et les sciences de l’information et de la communication. Ce faisant, la thèse interroge de manière transversale des objets variés : la fabrique sociale de l’engagement radical, le rapport aux champs politique et médiatique d’un micro-espace contestataire, les processus de socialisation politique ainsi que les conditions de possibilité de la critique ordinaire de l’ordre social. / This doctorate thesis is based on a two-year-long participant observation within “La Kuizine”, a social center squat in East Paris that was opened by Marxist and/or Anarchist activists. This piece presents itself as a contribution to the study of the renewal of critical enterprises and protest practices and offers empirical work that can aid in the understanding of public spaces today. A large portion is dedicated to ethnographic material in this thesis – the work here adopts a perspective that borrows both from the interactionist tradition of the third school of Chicago and from the sociology of Pierre Bourdieu in order to reveal the mechanisms of domination (re)produced within “La Kuizine” and the forms of “lateral possible” that are experimented within this space. Indeed, the activist group responsible for founding this squat had as its main goal to make it a space of “class solidarity” by organizing various workshops (including a sliding scale donation daily meal) for workers and inhabitant of the neighborhood. The modus operandi of the space is self-management and collective decision making. The social and communicational analysis of this space is at the crossroads between several fields of research: political science, sociology, anthropology and communication studies. Thus, this doctorate thesis studies various objects in a cross-disciplinary manner: the social construction of radical commitment, the relations to the political and media fields of a micro-protest-space, the processes of political socialization as well as the conditions for the possibility of a critique of the social order.

Viele Studien zeigen, dass die Beteiligung an politischen Protesten in mittel- und osteuropäischen Ländern geringer ausfällt als in Westeuropa. Das Ausmaß und die Ursachen dieser Ost-West-Partizipationslücke werden jedoch immer noch debattiert. Diese Dissertation untersucht die Ursachen dieses europäischen Protestgefälles. Inspiriert von den Theorien politischer Sozialisation wird untersucht, inwiefern ein frühes Erleben von (1) Repression und (2) Mobilisierung während der Transition zur Demokratie das Protestverhalten verschiedener Generationen in Mittel- und Osteuropa geprägt hat. Hierfür werden mehrebenen Alters-Perioden-Kohorten-Modelle mit wiederholten länderübergreifenden Umfragedaten genutzt. Studie 1 zeigt, dass ein frühes Erleben von Repression einen nachhaltigen Effekt auf die Teilnahme an Demonstrationen hat, nicht aber auf Petitionen und Boykotte. Darüber hinaus beeinflusst die Art der erlebten Repression die Richtung des Effekts: Personen, deren Bürgerrechte während ihrer Jugend eingeschränkt wurden, scheinen in ihrem späteren Leben häufiger an Demonstrationen teilzunehmen. Das Gegenteil ist der Fall für Personen, die Verletzungen persönlicher Integrität erlebt haben. Studie 2 zeigt, dass das Erleben der Mobilisierung während der Transition zur Demokratie diese Ost-West-Protestlücke nicht moderiert. Studie 3, eine Analyse des Protestverhaltens von Ostdeutschen, bestätigt, dass die Erfahrung der bottom-up Transition die mit gewaltsamer Repression verbundene Demobilisierung nicht kompensiert. Durch diese neu gewonnen Erkenntnisse zum Verhältnis von Regimewechsel und Zivilgesellschaft, verbindet und bereichert diese Dissertation die Forschungsfelder zu politischem Verhalten, sozialen Bewegungen und Demokratisierung. / Many studies have shown that protest participation is lower in Central and Eastern Europe than in Western Europe. Yet, the extent of and causes underlying the East-West participation gap are still debated in the literature. This thesis sheds new light on the sources of the European protest divide. Inspired by political socialization theories, it examines how early exposure to (1) repression and (2) mobilization during the transition to democracy has shaped the protest behavior of different generations in postcommunist democracies. This projects applies multilevel age-period-cohort models on data from repeated cross-national surveys to measure the effects of these types of exposure. Study 1 reveals that early exposure to repression has a lasting effect on demonstration attendance but not on participation in petitions and boycotts. Furthermore, the direction of this effect depends on the type of repression experienced by citizens: early exposure to civil liberties restrictions increases citizens’ participation in demonstrations while exposure to personal integrity violations depresses their participation. Study 2 demonstrates that exposure to mobilization during the transition to democracy does not moderate the East-West protest gap. Study 3, an analysis of East Germans’ protest behavior, confirms that the experience of a bottom-up transition does not compensate for the demobilization associated with violent repression. By generating new insights into the relation between regime change and civil society, this project bridges and contributes to the fields of political behavior, social movements, and democratization.

If democratic society is to avert the dire straits that may come from decreasing levels of political participation and civic engagement, all potential explanatory factors must be explored. The purpose of this paper is to i) elucidate how the modeling and self-efficacy mechanisms of social learning theory affect individuals’ decisions to participate politically or not, and ii) assess the applicability of the relatively unutilized social learning theory in studies on political socialization and participation, respectively. By conducting a study composed of life history interviews, the paper aims to contribute to the research field by providing new explanations on how and why participatory behavior occurs in individuals, potentially filling a research gap by using and developing the previously unutilized social learning theory. The study finds that the proposed social learning theory mechanisms appear to have some explanatory power in the context of individuals’ political participation and asserts that social learning theory may very well be applicable in similar future studies as a complement to other explanatory factors.

This diploma thesis focuses on the process of civic and political socialization of adolescents in the context of the reflexion of current political topics in the lessons of civic educational basis on secondary technical schools in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part of the thesis contains the explanation of basic terms regarding the chosen topic. It is then followed by an analysis of curricular documents of secondary technical education in the Czech Republic on the national level, from the point of view of the possibilities of the inclusion of current political topics into the teaching lessons. After the theoretical consolidation of the topic, a practical part of the thesis follows, which consists of a case study. This study aims to describe (with the help of the methods of mixed research) the reflexion of current political topics in the Civics lessons on a chosen secondary technical school, for example regarding the teaching methods, also the frequency and intensity of including the topics into the lessons, or expression of personal opinions of the teachers on current political topics. Through the realisation and evaluation of a questionnaire survey is at first found out the perception of teaching about current political topics, as the pupils of the chosen secondary technical school perceive it. Then is through the realisation of half-structured interviews with the teachers and the following analysis in the whole context found out also their position towards teaching about these topics. The ending part of the thesis then includes the conclusion of all important and interesting findings the study brought, evaluation of reaching the goals which were set for the research, recommendation for the pedagogical praxis and also a reflexion on the use of the findings on an own future praxis.

Esta tese tem como objetivo principal analisar o processo de montagem e desmontagem de um projeto de pós-graduação em Estudo de Problemas Brasileiros, desenvolvido na UERJ em meados dos anos 70, que visava a socialização política dos jovens na ideologia do regime militar. A UERJ foi berço para o desenvolvimento dos cursos de Especialização e Mestrado em EPB, que sobreviveram até os primeiros anos do regime democrático, nos anos 80. Defende-se nesta tese que a pós-graduação em EPB da UERJ expressa o transplante de um projeto de Mestrado em EPB criado na Escola Superior de Guerra e fundamentado na Doutrina de Segurança Nacional, com vistas a garantir a reprodução da ideologia do regime militar, através da projeção sobre o campo educacional-universitário. Para compreender o referido processo de transplante, com seus respectivos interesses, mostrou-se necessário explicitar as relações de colaboração existentes entre autoridades da UERJ e da ESG a partir dos anos 60 e as próprias condições de possibilidade para a UERJ, e não outra universidade, ter sido palco para o estabelecimento dessas relações e do desenvolvimento da única experiência de pós-graduação stricto sensu em EPB no Brasil. Esta tese sustenta-se sobre a análise de fontes primárias relativas aos cursos de Especialização e Mestrado em EPB da UERJ e aos cursos desenvolvidos na ESG no início dos anos 70. Fontes secundárias também foram importantes para remontar a história da UERJ, do regime militar e do Estudo de Problemas Brasileiros no país. O marco temporal deste estudo compreende cerca de duas décadas, indo do final dos anos 60, quando as relações entre civis e militares da UERJ e ESG começaram a ser tecidas, até o final dos anos 80, quando foram extintos os cursos de Especialização e Mestrado em EPB na UERJ. / This thesis aims to analyze the process of construction and deconstruction of a post-graduation course in Brazilian Problems Studies (EPB) deployed at Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ) in the mid 1970s, which aimed to the political socialization of the young in the military regime. This University was a pioneer regarding the development of Specialization and Masters courses in EPB, which survived until the early years of the democratic regime of the 1980s. In this thesis, it is argued that the post-graduation course in EPB at the UERJ expressed the replication of a Masters course in EPB created at the Superior School of War (ESG), which had the National Security Doctrine as its foundation, in order to guarantee the reproduction of military regime ideology over the university/educational fields. To understand this process of so-called replication, and its respective interests, it was necessary to clarify the relations of cooperation between the authorities of the ESG and of the UERJ from the 1960s on, and the very conditions concerning the possibility that the UERJ, and not another university, has been chosen for the establishment of these relations and the development of this unique experience of a stricto sensu post-graduation course in EPB in Brazil. This thesis is sustained by the analysis of primary sources regarding the Specialization and Masters courses in EPB at the UERJ and the courses developed by the ESG in the early 1970s. Secondary sources were also important to trace the history of the UERJ, the military regime, and the Brazilian Problems Studies in the country. The timeframe of this study comprises about two decades, from the late 1960s, when the civil-military relations between the UERJ and the ESG began, until the late 1980s, when the Specialization and Masters courses in EPB at the UERJ were extinct.

Esta tese tem como objetivo principal analisar o processo de montagem e desmontagem de um projeto de pós-graduação em Estudo de Problemas Brasileiros, desenvolvido na UERJ em meados dos anos 70, que visava a socialização política dos jovens na ideologia do regime militar. A UERJ foi berço para o desenvolvimento dos cursos de Especialização e Mestrado em EPB, que sobreviveram até os primeiros anos do regime democrático, nos anos 80. Defende-se nesta tese que a pós-graduação em EPB da UERJ expressa o transplante de um projeto de Mestrado em EPB criado na Escola Superior de Guerra e fundamentado na Doutrina de Segurança Nacional, com vistas a garantir a reprodução da ideologia do regime militar, através da projeção sobre o campo educacional-universitário. Para compreender o referido processo de transplante, com seus respectivos interesses, mostrou-se necessário explicitar as relações de colaboração existentes entre autoridades da UERJ e da ESG a partir dos anos 60 e as próprias condições de possibilidade para a UERJ, e não outra universidade, ter sido palco para o estabelecimento dessas relações e do desenvolvimento da única experiência de pós-graduação stricto sensu em EPB no Brasil. Esta tese sustenta-se sobre a análise de fontes primárias relativas aos cursos de Especialização e Mestrado em EPB da UERJ e aos cursos desenvolvidos na ESG no início dos anos 70. Fontes secundárias também foram importantes para remontar a história da UERJ, do regime militar e do Estudo de Problemas Brasileiros no país. O marco temporal deste estudo compreende cerca de duas décadas, indo do final dos anos 60, quando as relações entre civis e militares da UERJ e ESG começaram a ser tecidas, até o final dos anos 80, quando foram extintos os cursos de Especialização e Mestrado em EPB na UERJ. / This thesis aims to analyze the process of construction and deconstruction of a post-graduation course in Brazilian Problems Studies (EPB) deployed at Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ) in the mid 1970s, which aimed to the political socialization of the young in the military regime. This University was a pioneer regarding the development of Specialization and Masters courses in EPB, which survived until the early years of the democratic regime of the 1980s. In this thesis, it is argued that the post-graduation course in EPB at the UERJ expressed the replication of a Masters course in EPB created at the Superior School of War (ESG), which had the National Security Doctrine as its foundation, in order to guarantee the reproduction of military regime ideology over the university/educational fields. To understand this process of so-called replication, and its respective interests, it was necessary to clarify the relations of cooperation between the authorities of the ESG and of the UERJ from the 1960s on, and the very conditions concerning the possibility that the UERJ, and not another university, has been chosen for the establishment of these relations and the development of this unique experience of a stricto sensu post-graduation course in EPB in Brazil. This thesis is sustained by the analysis of primary sources regarding the Specialization and Masters courses in EPB at the UERJ and the courses developed by the ESG in the early 1970s. Secondary sources were also important to trace the history of the UERJ, the military regime, and the Brazilian Problems Studies in the country. The timeframe of this study comprises about two decades, from the late 1960s, when the civil-military relations between the UERJ and the ESG began, until the late 1980s, when the Specialization and Masters courses in EPB at the UERJ were extinct.

La question de la cristallisation des classes sociales objectives (en soi) en classes sociales subjectives (pour soi) est au cœur de cette étude. Plus précisément, l’objectif est de mettre en évidence les médiations spatiales d’un tel processus de cristallisation. En effet, les individus qui constituent les classes sociales vivent dans des territoires spécifiques chargés d’héritages, et la prise en contexte de ces contextes permet d’éclairer les comportements politiques des groupes sociaux. <p><p>Ces questions seront abordés à différentes échelles dans les contextes de la Belgique et de l'Europe occidentale en utilisant des sources diverses, en particulier les scores électoraux et les enquêtes individuelles.<p><p>La prise en compte des contextes locaux ou régionaux et l'élargissement du champ des études électorales aux attitudes politiques ont permis de mettre en évidence l'importance encore décisive des classes sociales dans l'explication des comportements politiques. / Doctorat en Sciences / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished