La fréquentation d’une association de lutte contre le VIH/SIDA et/ou contre les violences (et lesdiscriminations) n’est pas seulement une pratique, elle est aussi un rapport social, c’est-à-direqu’elle se déploie dans un espace caractérisé par des rapports de pouvoir et de domination. EnGuadeloupe, une étude exploratoire sur les processus de structuration du milieu associatif de luttecontre le VIH/SIDA a fait émerger une organisation autour de trois positions associatives defemmes – celles d’ « usagère », de « petite main » et d’ « entrepreneuse ». Au-delà de cettedifférence de position, les récits autobiographiques des femmes concernées sont largementstructurés autour de l’expérience de situations de violence (ou de discrimination). Nous faisonsl’hypothèse que ces positions associatives s’étayent, entre autres, sur les spécificités des rapports àl’expérience de la violence et des discriminations des femmes concernées. Aussi, la thèse proposéecherche à mettre en relation la position occupée par ces femmes dans des associations de luttecontre le VIH/SIDA et/ou les violences et les modes de subjectivation adoptés par celles-ci dans uncontexte postcolonial marqué par la problématique socio-raciale. Ce qui est à l’étude, c’est doncfinalement la manière dont ces femmes s’expriment et ra-content des situations vécues de violence(ou de discrimination) selon leur position associative et les ressources et modèles interprétatifs,discursifs et affectifs dont elles disposent. Le problème est résolument posé dans le cadre destravaux sur les rapports de domination se fondant sur une approche intersectionnelle. Sacompréhension s’appuie, dans le prolongement d’un terrain ethnographique, d’une part sur desdonnées recueillies lors d’entretiens individuels de type récit de vie et de pratique (n=15) et d’autrepart sur dix-sept focus-groups qui ont mobilisé trente femmes fréquentant des associations de luttecontre le VIH/SIDA et/ou les violences à la Guadeloupe et à Saint-Martin. Il apparaît que lespositions associatives observées sont déterminées par une combinaison spécifique de ressources etde dispositions à l’engagement de soi, et correspondent à des modes de subjectivation spécifiquesdans cet espace. / Being involved in an associative movement against HIV/AIDS and/or violence (and discrimination)is not only a practice, it is a social relationship, because it takes place in a context which ischaracterized by power and domination relationships. In Guadeloupe, an exploratory study on thestructuring processes of associations against HIV/AIDS led to the discovery of an organizationbased on three associative positions of women – the « consumer », the « worker » and the« entrepreneur ». Beyond their different positions, the autobiographical narratives of these womenare mainly structured around experienced violence (or discrimination). Our hypothesis is that theseassociative positions are based, among other things, on the specificities of these women’sexperience of violence and discrimination. Thus, the proposed thesis seeks to relate the positionoccupied by these women in associations fighting HIV/AIDS and/or the violence to the modes ofsubjectification they have adopted in a postcolonial context marked by socioracial issues. The studyfocuses on how these women express themselves and narrate their experiences of violence (ordiscrimination) according to their associative position and the interpretative, discursive andemotional resources and models that were available to them. The issues are raised in the context of research on dominance based on an intersectional approach. Their resolution is set in theethnographic field, based on data collected during personal interviews such as life and practice (n =15) narratives and on seventeen Focus groups of thirty women involved in associative movementsagainst HIV/AIDS and/or violence in Guadeloupe and Saint Martin. It seems that the observedassociative positions are determined by a specific combination of resources and a tendency to getinvolved, which correspond to specific modes of subjectification in this spatial context.

Since the introduction of a new type of anti-abortion legislation in the United States which bans abortions after a fetal heartbeat can be detected, women’s options regarding abortion are being limited. How “problems” are represented or constituted in legislation shows that problems are time, place and context dependant. By using Carol Bacchi’s “What’s the problem represented to be?” approach to policy analysis, problem representations and subjectification effects in the heartbeat bills were identified. The problem representation of abortion as “lack of information” emerged as the central problem representation and the subject positions that were made available limits women’s choices regarding abortion. Fetal rights emerged as the core of the argumentation in the legislation, excluding women’s rights. How the problem of abortion is represented to be, the subjectification effects and the way rights are used and argued for in antiabortion legislation shows how they effectively limits women’s abortion choices.

No description available.

Medical tourism is not a new phenomenon but in its current form, medical tourism or health travel is a practice that stems from the structures of the healthcare system. For citizens of countries with primarily private healthcare and citizens of countries with socialized healthcare the forces behind seeking international healthcare are economic (cheaper prices) and temporal (long queues), respectively. The foreign nation-state/patient relationship is an integral part in facilitating the medical tourist/hospital relationship and is also a way to discern discrepancies in welcomed versus unwelcomed visitors. On the one hand, medical tourists are welcomed visitors while other types of "tourists" are not. During my fieldwork as a volunteer at a private Costa Rican hospital, I was quickly made aware of the popular discourse that denigrated Nicaraguans entering Costa Rica while simultaneously catering to Euro-American tourists. This is a clear example of the discrepancy between neoliberal doctrine and neoliberal practices in that the free market promotes the transnational flow of capital while slowing or stopping altogether the flow of (certain) bodies. The United States and South Korea both issue special medical visas to medical tourists and these practices have thus far made international borders even more penetrable by the global elite and/or those with the capital to afford medical care in another country; thus graying the distinction between citizen and non-citizen. The means by which the medical tourism industry, from a marketing standpoint, attracts this global elite is through the accreditation process, which is the act of an accrediting body legitimizing a business, medical facility or school through an intense, expensive, and lengthy process. Within the medical tourism industry, hospitals located in developing nation-states are clamoring for accreditation from agencies based in the U.S. and Europe. Many in this industry believe that such accreditation will increase the number of foreign, primarily Western, patients. I argue that accreditation is a form of subjectification, because many international hospitals that cater to Western patients want to legitimize themselves through an American and/or European body even though their healthcare systems rank higher than the U.S. Accreditation makes international hospitals "qualified" to provide medical services in the eyes of Western medical tourists and the medical tourism industry as a whole, which underscores the quality and superiority of many healthcare systems in the developing world. The problems that I have undertaken is the discrepancy between neoliberalism and the flow of (certain) bodies and capital vis medical tourism and public policy as well as how accreditation is used as a form of surveillance, gaze, and subject making that renders hospitals nearly powerless to the standards set by accrediting bodies. / Anthropology

Lorsque la pathologie cancéreuse touche l’enfant, figure sacrée du XXIe siècle, c’est aussi le poids de représentations culturelles formant un discours social anxiogène qui pèse sur lui. Tantôt figure de victime, tantôt  figure de héros, l’enfant malade est en réalité, le plus souvent, objet sous l’emprise de l’Autre qui s’exerce par la maladie en elle-­même mais aussi par l’angoisse parentale bien légitime, ainsi que la fonction médicale et la mise en œuvre de moyens thérapeutiques nécessaires pour obtenir la guérison. Portant une attention particulière à la singularité du discours des enfants rencontrés en oncologie pédiatrique (situés entre 4 et 9 ans), et plus précisément, au processus psychique à l’œuvre dans la symbolisation et dans l’élaboration de leurs théories personnelles, subjectives autour de la maladie, nous soutenons que cette construction d’un sens, qui opère comme une tentative de guérison psychique à  partir d’une effraction du réel, définit aussi une implication du sujet dans la maladie, lui permettant ainsi de ne pas rester dans cette position d’objet. De même, lorsque ces enfants manifestent un symptôme qui fait énigme ou qu’ils éprouvent le besoin d’élucider une question, notamment dans l’après-coup des traitements intensifs, comme une sorte de point de réel qui vient fissurer ce qui a pu s’édifier comme sens autour de la maladie, nous posons alors l’hypothèse d’une modification possible de cette position subjective par le travail analytique autour de ce sens qui peut se faire et se défaire grâce à l’équivoque du signifiant, la métaphore et la métonymie, dans la perspective de définir un nouveau mode d’existence, marqué par l’expérience de la maladie, plutôt qu’empêché par celle-­ci. / A sacred figure of the 21st century, the child, when affected by a cancer pathology, is bound to carry the burden of cultural symbols and of the anxiety - inducing social discourse resulting from them. Sometimes considered a victim, sometimes a hero, an ill child is in fact an object under the influence of the Other ; a control acting through the disease itself, but also by the legitimate anguish of parents, the medical corps and the therapeutic measures that are necessary to reach the desired cure. With particular attention to the singularity of the discourse that we met in the paediatric oncology clinic (children aged 4 to 9 years old), and specifically to the psychological processes involved in the symbolization and in the development of their personal and subjective theories surrounding their condition, we believe that this development of a “signification” – acting as a psychological healing attempt following an incursion into reality – also defines the subject’s involvement in the disease, which frees them from being mere objects Furthermore, when these children show a puzzling symptom or feel the need to find the answer to a question, especially in the afterwardsness of intensive treatments – like a real point altering the constructed signification surrounding the disease – we believe that changing this objectification is possible thanks to analytical work around this signification, which can be deconstructed and reconstructed through the significant’s ambivalence, metaphors and metonymy. An attempt to define a new way of existing marked by the experience with the disease, rather than being prevented by it.

This thesis explores the relation between technology and the social, how they determine and naturalize each other, by examining YouTube's socio-technical infrastructure. YouTube is theorized as a dispositif that produces regimes of knowledge, power and subjectification within "control societies" characterized by an informational mode of production. Utilizing a media archaeological and materialist, critical theoretical approach, I analyze YouTube's database, interface, users, algorithms and protocols alongside economic factors, media, advertising and intellectual property laws, as technical and social forces of production in which power relations arise. I find that YouTube incites users to make themselves visible through information inputs, processed by database algorithms to produce outputs as inevitable representations of user actions. On the interface, this is translated as a sequence of algorimages, defined by what is "up next", in accordance with an information and "attention economy" extracting revenue by capturing and commodifying users' attention into hierarchies of value. I conclude that algorimages, whether of cats or political violence, are made homogeneous by the execution of an algorithmic command of continual update, propagating them through their destruction as necropower in a necropolitical regime of visibility, producing YouTube as an "ecology of finitude" and control societies as an inevitable, "third nature".

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:10:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andre Luiz Maccagnani Campos Ursulino.pdf: 1547975 bytes, checksum: 38af641a11eb06892a2c05a2532d0d7e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-31 / This piece is the result of a research which has been done to raise recent theories and experiences that points changes in marketing communication and, even more specifically, in the efforts of building a company s brand which has happened as a consequence of the appereance of new information and communication technologies (TICs) and new practices of consumption behaviour. In the first part the SEARCH FOR ATTENTION a wide view of recent evolutions of the TICs is shown. As a result of that evolution (1) the changes on information and entertainment consumption habits of each person and (2) the appearance of new business and market practices are outstanding. Then, THE BRANDS OF A SUPERFLAT AGE show the practices which have been adopted by the communication and advertisement industry to build brands and successive adaptation that affected those practices due to the appearance of the TICs and the growing difficulty to attract and capture one s attention. I CONSUME, THEREFORE I EXISTE is the third part of this research focus on the production of subjectivity and the person itself once they assume a new role action on the consumption process and intersections with the brands and the messages advertised / O presente trabalho é fruto de pesquisa realizada para levantar teorias e práticas recentes que apontem mudanças na comunicação mercadológica e, mais especificamente, nos esforços de construção de marca (branding) das empresas, ocorridas em decorrência do surgimento de novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TICs) e de novas práticas e comportamentos de consumo de informação e entretenimento. Na primeira parte, BUSCA DA ATENÇÃO, apresenta-se um panorama da evolução recente das TICs. Como decorrência dessa evolução, são destacadas (1) mudanças nos hábitos de consumo de informação e entretenimento dos indivíduos e (2) o surgimento de novos modelos de negócio e novas práticas de mercado. Em seguida, MARCAS DE UMA ERA mostra as práticas adotadas pela indústria da comunicação publicitária para a construção de marcas e as sucessivas adaptações que estas práticas sofreram, dadas as alterações no contexto socioeconômico e cultural, o surgimentos de novas TICs e a crescente dificuldade de atrair e manter a atenção dos indivíduos. CONSUMO LOGO EXISTO, a terceira parte do presente trabalho, tem como foco a produção de subjetividades no indivíduo decorrentes dos novos papéis que este assume no processo de consumo e de mediação com as marcas e mensagens publicitárias

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:14:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudio Luiz Cecim Abraao Filho.pdf: 13689721 bytes, checksum: 208bee1a4c62987f234617f072d66678 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research focuses on the forms of subjectification in cyberculture, which is understood as a time-related category pertaining to the advanced stage of mediatic capitalism. The focus of attention is on appropriative practices that condition the constitution of individuals in digital social networks, taken as the latest configuration of the device of mediatic visibility. The paradox that lies at the core of mediatically qualified life consists in the fact that individuals actively constituted in/by the appropriation of the technocommunication tools in question are immediately caught up in power strategies that ensure the conductibility of mediatic capitalism in the cybercultural-interactive phase. The corpus of analysis comprises the communication tools of Facebook, such as the autobiographical profile and the practices of like and share, which are understood simultaneously as elements of a technological selfie culture and as power technologies that make-produce signs for marketing and political purposes. In this context, the following questions are raised: How does the process of subjectification occur on Facebook? To what extent can it be stated that communication in this mediatic environment constitutes a capturing system? What is the modus operandi of this capture exerted upon/by the constitution of communicative individuals on Facebook? This work examines two main hypotheses: [1] digital social networks are observatories for typically cybercultural forms of subjectification, which provide access to the modus operandi of contemporary mediatic capitalism; and [2] the communication practices of these networks constitute ambivalent power strategies, since the technologies of the self through which communicative individuals are formed can also be understood as capture technologies. The objectives are to develop a typified understanding of mediatic visibility as a device; dissect the ways in which this device invests and captures communication flows; and grasp the social signification of digital social networks in the context of advanced mediatic capitalism. The theoretical rationale of this research draws primarily on postmodern theory (Jean-François Lyotard, David Harvey, Fredric Jameson), on the critical epistemology of cyberculture (Eugênio Trivinho, Arthur Kroker, Muniz Sodré) and on the theories of biopower/society of control (Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze, Giorgio Agamben, Antonio Negri, Michael Hardt). With this proposal, we hope to contribute to debates about the political double bind that is established in the appropriation (individual and/or collective) of the new technologies of communication power / A presente pesquisa versa sobre os modos de subjetivação na cibercultura, entendida como categoria de época atinente à fase avançada do capitalismo mediático. O foco da atenção recai sobre práticas apropriativas que condicionam a constituição de sujeitos em redes sociais digitais, tomadas como mais recente configuração do dispositivo de visibilidade mediática. O paradoxo que radica no bojo da vida mediaticamente qualificada consiste no fato de que os sujeitos ativamente constituídos na/pela apropriação das ferramentas tecnocomunicativas em questão encontram-se imediatamente capturados em estratégias de poder que garantem a condutibilidade do capitalismo mediático em fase cibercultural-interativa. O corpus de análise é formado pelas ferramentas comunicacionais do Facebook, tais como o "perfil autobiográfico" e as práticas de "curtir" e "compartilhar", entendidos simultaneamente como elementos para uma "cultura tecnológica de si" e como tecnologias de poder que fazem-produzir signos para fins mercadológicos e políticos. Nesse recorte, são levantadas as seguintes questões: como se dá o processo de subjetivação no Facebook? Em que medida é possível afirmar que a comunicação nesse ambiente mediático configura um regime de captura? Qual o modus operandi dessa captura exercida na/pela constituição de sujeitos comunicativos no Facebook? Trabalha-se com duas hipóteses principais: [1] as redes sociais digitais constituem observatórios para modos de subjetivação tipicamente ciberculturais, que dão acesso ao modus operandi do capitalismo mediático contemporâneo; [2] as práticas comunicativas dessas redes configuram estratégias ambivalentes de poder, uma vez que as "tecnologias de si" pelas quais se formam sujeitos comunicativos podem ser entendidas simultaneamente como tecnologias de captura. O objetivo é desenvolver compreensão tipificada da visibilidade mediática como dispositivo; dissecar modos pelos quais tal dispositivo investe e captura fluxos de comunicação; apreender a significação social das redes sociais digitais no contexto do capitalismo mediático avançado. Na fundamentação teórica, a pesquisa recorre principalmente ao pós-modernismo teórico (Jean- François Lyotard, David Harvey, Fredric Jameson), à epistemologia crítica da cibercultura (Eugênio Trivinho, Arthur Kroker, Muniz Sodré) e às teorias do biopoder/sociedade de controle (Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze, Giorgio Agamben, Antonio Negri, Michael Hardt). Com essa proposta, espera-se contribuir para os debates sobre o "duplo vínculo político" que se instaura na apropriação (individual e/ou coletiva) das novas tecnologias do poder comunicacional instituído

A presente investigação teve como alvo analítico a aliança discursiva entre cidade e educação na atualidade, a partir de um tipo de problematização fundamentado no pensamento de Michel Foucault. Mais especificamente, foram mobilizadas as teorizações foucaultianas sobre representação, verdade, história e genealogia com o intuito de embasar os procedimentos de endereçamento às fontes eleitas. Para tanto, partiu-se da constatação de uma profusão de iniciativas voltadas ao fomento de medidas de cunho pedagógico/formativo nos mais diversos contextos e equipamentos urbanos contemporâneos, nos quais práticas educacionais são flagradas permeando variadas circunstâncias externas ao âmbito exclusivamente escolar. Destaca-se aí a proposta internacional de cidade educadora, a qual constitui a temática fulcral em análise neste estudo, sendo considerada um horizonte tão apregoado quanto fugidio de articulação entre determinadas formas de organização citadina e modos de existência possíveis aos seus habitantes. Com base na hipótese de que o lastro educacional de iniciativas dessa ordem não seria algo exclusivo do tempo presente, optou-se por perspectivar tal horizonte segundo um plano estratégico composto por outros modelos de cidade considerados ideais em diferentes momentos históricos. Assim, a primeira parte da investigação consiste na forja de um cenário analítico que se debruçou sobre alguns projetos urbanos ficcionais; dentre eles, quatro referências históricas receberam destaque: A República, de Platão; Utopia, de Thomas More; Cidade do Sol, de Tommaso Campanella; e Walden II, de Burrhus Frederic Skinner. Visou-se, então, esquadrinhar cada um desses modelos idealizados, adotando como vetor de leitura os arranjos educacionais a eles atinentes. Uma vez percorrido tal cenário e tendo em vista o que ele permitiu esboçar acerca das relações entre educação, modos de governar e processos de subjetivação, o problema urbano-educativo contemporâneo foi examinado mais detidamente. Em uma espécie de jogo de claro-escuro analítico, tratou-se ora de interpelar as racionalidades que o sustentam, ora de confrontá-lo com os ideais de cidade previamente analisados, de modo que, ao final, fosse possível posicioná-lo no bojo de um panorama complexo no qual se emaranham tanto linhas acirradas de governo das condutas, quanto irrupções heterotópicas imprevistas pelas idealizações que o promovem. Mediante tais ponderações críticas, pode-se admitir que a educação ocupa um lugar paradoxal no encontro entre a cidade e seus homens, sendo convocada, ao mesmo tempo, a afiançar o exercício da liberdade e a sujeitá-lo aos intentos do ordenamento urbano. / The present study aims at analysing the discursive correlation between contemporary city life and education, starting from one kind of problematization founded on Michel Foucaults thought. More specifically, Foulcautian theories on representation, truth, history and genealogy were mobilized so as to serve as a basis for the investigation procedures addressed to the selected sources. For that aim, the starting point was detecting a plethora of initiatives geared toward prompting pedagogical/formative measures in the most different contexts and contemporary urban devices, in which education practices are found to permeate various circumstances which are external to the school sphere. In this sense, the international proposal of educating city is emphasized, as it comprises the thematic support under analysis in the present research, and is deemed both a proclaimed and fugacious horizon of articulation among certain modes of city organization and ways of existence for its dwellers. Based on the hypothesis that the educational foundation of initiatives of such an order would not be something related exclusively to the present times, the choice was made for putting it in a strategic plan consisting of other city models considered ideal in different points in history. Thus, the first part of the investigation consists of framing an analytical scenario targeted to some fictional urban projects; among them four historical references were given emphasis: Republic, by Plato; Utopia, by Thomas More; The City of the Sun, by Tommaso Campanella; and Walden II, by Burrhus Frederic Skinner. Following this, an inquiry was made into each of these urban idealized models, by adopting as reading vector the education arrangements related to them. Once such a scenario was explored, and bearing in mind what it offered to build a sketch of the relations among education, modes of government and subjectification processes, the contemporary urban/educational issue was more thoroughly examined. Through a sort of analytical chiaroscuro game, the aim was now to question the rationalities which support it, now to confront it with the city ideals previously discussed, in order to finally be able to place it in the core of a complex panorama, which reveals an entanglement between rigid lines of government of lifestyles and heterotopical irruptions unforeseen by the idealizations which proclaim such a contemporary scenario. By reflecting on such issues, it is possible to state that education performs a paradoxical position in the encounter between the city and its dwellers, being at the same time invited to sanction the exercise of freedom and to subject it to the intents of the urban order.

La connaissance poétique est l’appréhension nouvelle du monde sur un mode familier. Elle apparaît à travers la subjectivation de l’objet : le sujet projette sur l’objet ce qu’il en perçoit mais aussi sa propre subjectivité ; il en forme une connaissance subjectivée. Dans la Recherche, la théorie de l’image est une théorie de la connaissance poétique du monde restituée par l’écrivain dans l’image. En mettant en relation deux objets dans l’image, Proust reproduit le rapprochement du sujet avec le monde qu’est la subjectivation. On peut ainsi distinguer les images proustiennes selon les différents « cercles familiers » qu’elles constituent. Ils expriment différentes formes de familiarité avec le monde : la parenté (pour la ressemblance), le voisinage (pour la contiguïté) et l’affinité (pour la transposition). La connaissance poétique se restitue aussi à travers l’écriture de l’image. Le style manifeste une vision plus générale du monde qui imprègne chaque subjectivation. Les images proustiennes révèlent deux esthétiques principales. L’une est baroque, fondée sur l’imagination : elle évoque l’enfance et transmet une conception de la vie joyeuse et légère. L’autre est romantique, lyrique, et montre un cœur souffrant. À travers l’image opère donc un rapprochement général (entre objet et sujet, entre les composantes de l’image, entre deux visions du monde), caractéristique de la connaissance poétique, mais aussi un rapprochement particulier entre Proust et son lecteur. L’image proustienne utilise notamment pleinement les mécanismes d’intersubjectivité de l’esprit. En rendant ainsi la connaissance poétique, l’image fait de la Recherche l’œuvre de l’intime. / Poetic knowledge is the new grasp of the world on a familiar way. It appears through the subjectification of the object: the subject projects onto the object his perception of it and also his own subjectivity; he develops a subjectified knowledge. In the Recherche, theory of image is a theory of the poetic knowledge of the world, translated by the writer in the image. By linking two objects in the image, Proust reproduces the reconciliation of the subject with the world that is subjectification. One can distinguish the Proustian images by the various "familiar circles" they constitute, which show various forms of familiarity with the world: kinship (for resemblance), neighborhood (for adjacency), and affinity (for transposition). Poetic knowledge also appears through the writing of the image. The style shows a more general worldview that permeates every subjectification. The Proustian images reveal two main aesthetics. One is baroque, based on the imagination: it evokes childhood, and transmits a joyful and carefree view of life. The other one is romantic, lyrical, and shows a suffering heart. Through the image thus operates a general reconciliation (between object and subject, between the components of the image, between two worldviews), which is a feature of poetic knowledge, but also a special connection between Proust and his reader. Especially, the Proustian image fully uses the mechanisms of intersubjectivity of the mind. By rendering poetic knowledge, the image makes of the Recherche the work of intimacy.