Recent empirical evidence suggests that we have entered a new period of courtship known as the hookup era. Contemporary research which explores hooking up has confirmed the prevalence of this dating script, particularly within post-secondary institutions. The relevant literature has focused on a variety of important issues including the conceptual meaning of hooking up and the identification of potential correlates and consequences of these behaviours. Despite this increase in scholarly interest, several problems remain unaddressed. Principal among these is the way(s) in which young women mediate the self-perceived risks involved in the sexual exchange known as the hookup, so as to facilitate their participation in this culture. The current paper examines the controversy that is female hookup participation by investigating the risks – and subsequent negotiation of these risks – which women face in the hookup culture. Specifically, this paper makes use of detailed qualitative data gathered from a sample of female undergraduate students at a medium-sized Canadian university, in order to uncover the social processes by which female proponents of the hookup culture account for their actions to themselves and to others, in this the seemingly risky courtship script. / Thesis (Master, Sociology) -- Queen's University, 2013-07-31 19:46:46.027

Management of Public Health IMPROVEMENT OF PUPILS‘ REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CARE IN SIAULIAI TOWN Asta Damkuvienė Supervisor prof. habil. dr. R.Kalėdienė Department of Social medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Kaunas University of Medicine. – Kaunas, 2005.- P.72. Aim of the study: to explore the state of pupils‘ reproductive health care and to provide for improvement possibilities in Siauliai town. Methods: pupils of 15 - 19 years old from randomly selected classes from Siauliai schools participated in the research. 425 questionnaires were distributed and 400 answers have been received (94,1%). Girls made 74,3% of the respondents, and boys made 25,7% of them. We evaluated how the answers depended on sexual activity and gender. The difference was considered meaningful if p<0,05. Results: 47,5% of the pupils were sexually active. The boys were more sexually active (71,8%) than the girls (39,1%). 50,5% of the pupils began sexual relations at the age of 16. Contraceptives were used by 45,8% of sexually active respondents. The main information source about sexual life to 65,8 of the respondents were their friends. To the sexually active pupils it was more frequent source than to not active ones (respectively 71,1 and 61,1). Most of the pupils indicated parents as desirable source of knowledge (61,5%). 52,3% of the respondents pointed out their knowledge in intimate relations as sufficient. 77,8% of the respondents had chosen a family doctor. Choosing a doctor statistically depended... [to full text]

Ce travail développe la thèse que les viols commis à l’endroit des femmes sont des actes qui relèvent moins des logiques du sexuel – pourtant lieu et mode de réalisation – que de celles de la jouissance. Ces crimes dénotent les modes de construction de jouissances violentes comme tentatives de satisfaction qui attentent au féminin lorsqu'ils sont perpétrés par une catégorie de sujets qui a refusé la perte et le renoncement inaugural – castration symbolique – qui conditionne l’accès au manque, au désir, et à une satisfaction pulsionnelle possible.La première partie de notre recherche présente les théories de trois références majeures dans le champ de la criminalité sexuelle, lesquelles placent les sujets concernés au bord de la psychose, sans toutefois en relever. Nous faisons alors valoir que seule la position adoptée par le sujet à l’endroit de la jouissance permet de fonder la structure subjective. Ceci nous conduit, dans notre deuxième partie, à explorer le champ de la jouissance et à mettre en exergue l’interdiction de la jouissance absolue, primordiale, comme fondatrice du lien social et condition du rapport entre les sexes dans un champ sexuel. La troisième partie, orientée par ces balises, s’attache à construire les repères qui rendent compte des logiques du refus de la castration symbolique. A partir de là, nous verrons comment des sujets peuvent être amenés à se situer face à une jouissance qui les féminise et qui, dans un mouvement de protestation virile, les pousse-à-faire-l’homme. De plus, ce rapport à la jouissance peut les appeler à l'action d'une jouissance pure, complète, et ceci dans une réalisation effective du rapport sexuel qu’il n’y a pas : ils volent la jouissance interdite de La femme toute.Nous concluons notre travail sur la question de la responsabilité pénale et subjective, et interrogeons la question du « traitement » qu’il conviendrait d’adopter pour ces hors-la-loi de la jouissance. / This work develops the thesis that raping women is not so much relevant to the logics of sexuality – though sex determines where and how the act takes place – as to the logics of jouissance. Those crimes involve the construction of violent modes of jouissance attempting satisfaction in attacking femininity, when they are committed by a category of subjects who have rejected the inaugural effect of loss and renunciation – symbolic castration – determining the access to lack, desire and the satisfaction of libidinal drives.The first part of our research examines the theories of the three major references in the field of criminal sexuality, which situate the position of those subjects on the borderline of psychosis though they do not fall within this clinical category. We argue that the sole subject's position with respects jouissance allows to qualify the subject's structure. This leads us, in the second part, to explore the field of jouissance and highlight the prohibition of absolute, primal jouissance as the founding principle of social bonds and the condition of the relation between the sexes within the field (context) of sexuality. Guided by these landmarks the third part is concerned with taking reference marks accounting for the logics of the refusal of the symbolic castration. Then based on these premises, we address the question of how a subject can react when faced with a jouissance feminizing him and creating an effect of “pousse-à-faire-l'homme” in an attempted male protest. Furthermore, such relation to jouissance may call some subjects to perform an act aiming at a pure and complete fulfilment in the realization of a sexual relationship. For there is no such thing as a sexual relationship: they steal the prohibited jouissance from Woman that is all.In conclusion, we question the penal and subjective responsibility and explore the question of the “treatment” that should be adopted towards these outlawing subjects of jouissance

A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Arts, UNIVERSITY OF ZULULAND In partial fulfilment for the degree MASTER OF ARTS IN CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY in the Department of Psychology, 1988. / The researcher's aim in this study was to identify and compare the attitudes of adolescents, parents and grandparents towards three adolescent problem variables. The researcher's point of departure was to review relevant literature on the generation gap phenomenon, adolescent premarital sexual relations, delinquent behaviour and the use of alcoholic beverages. A. Likert-type scale was constructed to measure the attitudes of adolescents, parents and grandparents towards adolescent premarital sexual relations) delinquent behaviour and use of alcoholic beverages. Three samples comprising 30 adolescents, 30 parents and 30 grandparents were randomly selected from the seven wards/ sections of the 42 Hill Location, Harrismith. Respondents were from the Zulu, South-Sotho, Tswana .and Xhosa ethnic groups. Illiterate and educated subjects were included in the study. The t-test and Chi-Square (ifi test results highlighted significant differences between the attitudes of adolescents and parents towards premarital sexual relations. The differences between the attitudes of adolescents and those of grandparents towards this variable were also significant:. The attitudes of parents and grandparents towards premarital sexual relations were not significantly different. These findings tended to support previous research studies which stated that parents and grandparents were traditionally more conservative in their attitude towards sexuality than were adolescents. Modern adolescents who lived in a society where sex was discussed more openly seemed to feel that they should engage in premarital sexual relations. It seemed the generation gap between adolescents and parents,and to a greater extent between adolescent and grandparent, had increased. Results indicated insignificant differences between the attitudes of adolescents, parents and grandparents towards adolescent delinquent behaviour. All three generations seemed to agree that modern adolescents acquired much information from their friends. In a modern rapidly changing South African society, traditional authority seemed to have lost most of its impact on the adolescent's bahaviour. Adolescents seemed to believe that parents had failed to change the socio¬political situation hence they had to take the lead. Parents themselves seemed to be puzzled and confused by the rapidly changing, contemporary, technocratic and violently divided society. Significant differences between the adolescent and parent attitudes and between adolescent and grandparent attitudes towards adolescent use of alcoholic beverages were indicated in this study. The insignificant differences between the attitudes of parents and grandparents towards this variable seemed to indicate that parents and grandparents were against adolescent use of alcoholic beverages. On the other hand, adolescents seemed to feel that they should indulge in drinking alcoholic beverages. In the modern South African society, adolescents saw liquor advertised on television and in literature and thus indulged in drinking alcoholic beverages. It was recommended that whatever the desired politico-social change, both parents and adolescents could be made aware that communication and dialogue between them are a sine-qua-non towards the solution and alleviation of their problems. Parents may be motivated to discuss with adolescents their views and feelings about premarital sexual relations and vice versa. The dialogue could be encouraged in public meetings, seminars, on television and radio. Parents could be encouraged to listen to the views of adolescents in order to guide them. Parents may be made to accept the fact that adolescents live during a time and in a society where they may express both their positive and negative opinions regarding certain issues. Community programmes such as therapeutic groups, youth clubs and recreation clubs could provide adolescents with an opportunity of expressing their views, developing their social skills and improving relationships with others. Information concerning problems that are associated with the use of alcoholic beverages could be made available to adolescents during the discussions and advertisements. The aim could be to assist adolescents to cope with problems and to feel happy without indulging in drinking alcoholic beverages.

Yes / Bids for mutuality in sexual partnerships are key to AIDS campaigning slogans such as `negotiate¿, `know your partner¿ and `use condoms¿. This paper explores the contradiction between more mutuality in sexual relations and the gender power politics that render such mutuality difficult to achieve in Africa, as well as the caricatures of `African sexuality¿ that have pervaded some of the literature. It looks at the new discourses of sexuality delivered via NGOs and the state as well as the ways in which customary silences about sex are being broken by ordinary people. It asks whether, given the threat of HIV infection, people are talking in new ways about sexual relationships, and how this talk is gendered. It also addresses the challenge to African feminism of sexuality discourses and how these need to be rethought in the context of AIDS. It concludes that the prospect of death by sex is transforming discourses, challenging customary sexual practice and putting gendered inequalities in question.

日治時期台灣於法律體系經歷了很大的轉變，傳統中國法與現代西方化的日本法於此初次交會了。在現代西方法的刑事、民事分類上，台灣人民就刑事事項上，很早便透過律令依用的方式，依照日本刑法的規範；然而在民事事項，尤其是台灣人身分規範的親屬與繼承方面，殖民當局卻始終以「舊慣」來作為國家實體法的依據。如此一來，國家實體法與民間習慣在台灣社會的落實與互動情況就成為筆者欲探討的議題。本文以「通姦罪」為切入點，除了著眼在刑法通姦與民事婚姻的密切相關外，更藉此探討日治時期台灣法律社會的實況。 在討論日治時期台灣「通姦罪」之前，有必要先了解日本殖民以前，台灣社會與明治政府各自對通姦行為的規範，而殖民者與被殖民者這兩種規範下的邏輯思維與文化脈絡，在進入日治時期後，對台灣的通姦規範又有何影響？ 在這個脈絡下，第二章，以清治時期台灣官府制定法與民間習慣下對通姦行為的規範為主題；第三章，以明治政府從現代法經驗出發，探討其在現代西方法繼受過程中，如何將傳統禮教下的「姦」轉化到現代刑法「通姦罪」，與這種繼受經驗對殖民台灣的政策與方針的影響；第四章，以日治時期台灣國家法規範下的通姦罪為主軸，以法院判例分析國家實定法在社會的實際運行情況，特別是西方現代法與台灣民間習慣的衝突；第五章，以內地延長政策下「通姦告訴特例」的實施分析其背後意義；第六章為結論。 / Under Japanese rule，the Legal System of Taiwan encountered a big change from the first intersection of traditional Chinese laws and modern Western-oriented Japanese laws in Taiwan. 　　In criminal matters, Japanese criminal codes were applied directly through orders of the Taiwan Governor. On the other hand, in civil matters, especially in the normative identity, the colonial authorities have always been using "old customs" as the basis of the National Substantive Law. This kind of application brings interesting situations of the interaction between the National Substantive Law and the regional old customs in the Taiwanese society. For Adultery is closely related to both criminal norms and civil norms, it is rather suitable to take Adultery as a start theme for discussing the operation of the law society in Taiwan under Japanese rule. Fisrt ,I have to trace back before 1895 to understand the norm of Adultery in Taiwan during the Qing dynasty and that in Meiji Japan. That would make it much easier to analyze how norm of Adultery actually worked in society of Taiwan under Japanese rule. Therefore, in Chapter II, norms of Adultery in Taiwan during the Qing dynasty were firstly discussed. And in Chapter III, the focus was on norms of Adultery in Meiji Government. Chapter IV is on the norms of Adultery in Taiwan under Japanese rule. Chapter V talked about the exception of Special case of proceedings for adultery. And finally, Chapter VI took the dispute of Adultery in the draft Criminal Code as the conclusion.

Bakgrund Könsstympning är en flera tusen år gammal tradition som än idag utförs i stora delar av världen. Vid könsstympning skadas eller avlägsnas delar av könsorganet och i vissa fall sys de yttre blygdläpparna ihop. I Sverige är kvinnlig könsstympning en olaglig handling som strider mot mänskliga rättigheter. Syfte Syftet var att undersöka könsstympade kvinnors upplevelse kring sin egen sexualitet. Metod En allmän litteraturöversikt utfördes genom databassökning i CINAHL och PubMed. Artiklarna kvalitetsgranskades via Caldwells kvalitetsgranskningsmall och dataanalysen utfördes genom en tematisk analys baserad på 16 kvalitativa artiklar som svarade på studiens syfte. Resultat Studien visar att majoriteten av kvinnorna upplever samlagssmärta, nedsatt känsel i underlivet samt avsaknad av sexlust. Vissa av kvinnorna beskriver dock att de kan uppleva njutning samt uppnå orgasm, men att det oftast kräver mer tid och stimulering. Flera av kvinnorna kan även känna njutning vid beröring av andra erogena delar på kroppen. Kvinnorna ser sex ur ett reproduktivt syfte och det anses vara deras plikt att tillfredsställa mannen sexuellt. Det är vanligt att skillnaderna i sexualdrift mellan parterna orsakar problem i relationen. Slutsats Kvinnlig könsstympning orsakar smärta vid samlag och begränsar kvinnans sexualitet. Den nedsatta sexualfunktionen påverkar partnerrelationen negativt och många kvinnor vill undvika sexuellt umgänge. Yttre faktorer påverkar inställningen till sex och upplevelsen av den egna sexualiteten, vilket visas hos kvinnor som migrerat till västländer. / Background Genital mutilation is a thousand-year-old tradition that is still carried out in large parts of the world today. In genital mutilation, parts of the genitals are damaged or removed, and in some cases the labia are sewn together. In Sweden, female genital mutilation is an illegal act that violates human rights. Aim The aim was to investigate the experience of female genital mutilation regarding their ownsexuality.  Method A general literature review was carried out by database search in CINAHL and PubMed. The articles were reviewed using Caldwell's quality framework and the data analysis was performed through a thematic analysis based on 16 qualitative articles that answered the aim of the study. Results The findings clarified that the majority of women experience intercourse pain, reduced sensation in the abdomen and a lack of sexual function. However, some of the women describe that they can experience pleasure and achieve orgasm, but that it usually requires more time and stimulation. Several of the women can also feel pleasure when touching other erogenous parts of the body. The women see sex from a reproductive purpose, and it is considered their duty to satisfy the man sexually. It is common that the differences in sexual drive between the parties to cause problems in the relationship. Conclusion Female genital mutilation causes pain during intercourse and limits the woman's sexuality. The reduced sexual function affects the partner relationship negatively and many women want to avoid sexual intercourse. External factors influence the attitude to sex and the experience of one's own sexuality, which shows in women who have migrated to Western countries.

The Nazi violence did not have its origins only in the brutality of the First World War or radical nationalist ideologies, but also in European colonialism. Hence, the goal of this thesis is to demonstrate that colonial processes were fundamental to the origins of the Holocaust. To prove this, I applied the content analysis to detect colonial discourse (stereotype, ambivalence, and mimicry) in three legislations from different contexts, which prohibited sexual relations and marriages between races. The documents analyzed exemplified the segregationist thinking of each period of colonization. Portuguese laws from the beginning of modernity demonstrate the transition from religious to racist thought. Analyzing German Southwest Africa, there is the application of racist pseudoscience, and finally, in Nazism, a mixture of both, but also an evolution of colonial discourse. At the end, I proved the existence of colonial discourse in the Nuremberg Laws, demonstrating how earlier colonialisms influenced the Holocaust.

Bakgrund: Ungdomars sexuella och reproduktiva hälsa och rättigheter (SRHR) är ett viktigt folkhälsoarbete och barnmorskan har en central roll när det kommer till att nå ungdomarna med kunskap och information. Det förefaller finnas få studier om barnmorskors uppfattningar om vad ungdomar behöver veta mer om när det kommer till deras sexuella och reproduktiva hälsa och rättigheter. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva barnmorskors uppfattningar om vad ungdomar behöver veta mer om inom området sexuell och reproduktiv hälsa och rättigheter. Metod: Kvalitativ intervjustudie med åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer med barnmorskor. Datamaterial analyserades med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys med induktiv ansats. Resultat: Barnmorskorna uppfattade att ungdomarna hade behov av att veta mer om kroppsutveckling. Även mer om sexuellt överförbara infektioner (STI) och preventivmedel samt att killarna behövde veta mer om deras reproduktiva ansvar. Ungdomarna behövde också veta mer om sexuella relationer och rättigheter, innefattande bland annat lagar och homosexualitet. Barnmorskorna ser idag en ökning av sexuella problem bland ungdomarna och barnmorskorna hade en gemensam uppfattning om att det beror på pornografikonsumtion. Slutsats: Barnmorskor har insikt i vad ungdomar behöver veta mer om inom SRHR. Det finns fortfarande brister i undervisning och utbildning till ungdomar inom SRHR och det är angeläget att fokusera och investera i arbeten för att stärka och främja ungdomars SRHR. Klinisk tillämpbarhet: Denna studie lyfter barnmorskors uppfattningar om vad ungdomar behöver veta mer om inom ämnet SRHR. Studien kan användas i klinisk verksamhet till förbättringsarbeten för olika yrkeskategorier som arbetar med ungdomar gällande SRHR. / Background: The sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) of young people is an important public health work and the midwife has a central role in reaching the young people with knowledge and information. There seem to be few studies on midwives' perceptions about what young people need to know more about when it comes to their sexual and reproductive health and rights. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the views of midwives about what young people need to know more about in the area of sexual and reproductive health and rights. Method: Qualitative interview study with eight semi-structured interviews with midwives. The data material was analyzed with a qualitative content analysis with inductive approach. Result: The midwives perceived that the young people needed to know more about body development. In addition, more about sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and contraceptives and that the young men needed to know more about their reproductive responsibilities. The youth also needed to know more about sexual relations and rights, including, among other things, laws and homosexuality. The midwives today see an increase in sexual problems among young people and the midwives had a common view that this is due to pornography consumption. Conclusion: Midwives have insight into what young people need to know more about in SRHR. There are still shortcomings in education for young people within SRHR, and it is important to focus and invest in work to strengthen and promote young people's SRHR. Clinical application: This study highlights the views of midwives on what young people need to know more about in the subject of SRHR. The study can be used in clinical activities for improvement work for various occupational categories that work with young people regarding SRHR.

<p>Kondomanvändning vid sexuella kontakter har en betydande roll för att hindra utbredningen av sexuellt överförbara sjukdomar. I föreliggande studie har fokus legat på att undersöka högskolestudenters attityder till kondomanvändning. För att finna svar på frågeställningarna genomfördes en enkätundersökning på den utvalda högskolan. Totalt deltog 287 studenter som besvarat enkäten vilken bestod av frågor kring kondomanvändning vid sexuellt umgänge med sin partner samt vid tillfälliga sexuella relationer. Resultatet från enkätundersökningen har sammanställts och analyserats statistiskt. Undersökningen visade att studenter hade överlag en positiv attityd till att använda kondom samt ansåg att en diskussion bör föras tillsammans med sin partner om kondomanvändning. Studenterna ansåg att den främsta anledningen till att kondom inte användes var att den var avtändande i den sexuella situationen och resultatet visade även att studenterna använde kondom huvudsakligen för att förhindra sexuellt överförbara sjukdomar. Studenters attityder till kondomanvändning var positiv men för att minska spridning av sexuellt överförbara sjukdomar krävs en beteendeförändring som kan ske genom en förändring av normer och värderingar.</p> / <p>Condom use during sexual contacts has a significant role in preventing expansion of sexual transmitted diseases. The focus in this study has been to examine collegestudents attitudes towards condom use. A survey was performed on 287 students at the chosen college. The survey contained questions regarding condom use during sexual relations with a partner and during casual sexual relations. The results from the survey were statisticly analyzed and showed that students had a positive attitude towards condom use. They also thought it was important to have a discussion between the two partners regarding condom use. The students thought that the main reason that condoms were not used during sexual relations was because it led to a sexual turn off. The study also showed that if a condom was used it was primarily to prevent sexual transmitted diseases. Students attitudes towards condom use were positive, but to reduce sexual transmitted diseases from spreading there has to be a change in behavior and this can only be change through a change in norm and values.</p>