Offentlig upphandling kan anpassas mot att vara mer hållbar genom att ta hänsyn till miljömässiga och sociala faktorer. Event kan skapas genom offentlig upphandling. “Stadsfesten 2019” är ett sådant event, beställt av Östersunds kommun. Eventet tillägnades allmänheten och ägde rum i samband med VM i skidskytte 2019 i Östersund stad. En del av detta event var en temporärt uppställd festivalbyggnad, i form av ett så kallat spegeltält.  Syftet med denna studie är att klargöra hur tillämpning av hållbar upphandling ser ut idag, detta med Östersunds kommuns event-upphandling “Stadsfesten 2019” som studieobjekt. Studien lyfter brister i upphandlingsprocessen. Förhoppningen är att denna studie ska inspirera aktörer inblandade i upphandlingsprocessen, i synnerhet vad gäller event-upphandlingar, att tillämpa samtliga delar av upphandlingsprocessen och ta vara på tillgängligt stöd för att tillämpa mer hållbar upphandling.  Studien inleddes med att undersöka vilka steg som ingår i upphandlingsprocessen samt vad tillämpning av hållbar upphandling och skapande av hållbara event kan innebära. Studien utgår från följande sju delar av offentlig upphandling: behovsanalys, marknadsanalys, formulering av förfrågningsunderlag, annonsering/anbud/avtal, genomförande/avtalstid, uppföljning samt utvärdering.  Fokusområden i studien kopplade till hållbarhet är sysselsättning, mat, serveringsmaterial, tillgänglighet för personer med rullstol, källsortering samt återbruk. Dessa områden har valts ut utifrån Region Gävleborgs “Checklista för hållbara konferenser och event” samt Håll Sverige rents dokument “Miljömärkt event - Miljökrav på externa aktörer vid event”.  En granskning av förfrågningsunderlaget för “Stadsfesten 2019”-upphandlingen har genomförts vad gäller kravställande kopplat till ovan nämnda fokusområden. Granskningar har även genomförts av förfrågningsunderlaget för event-upphandlingen, den preliminära miljöplanen (formulerad av leverantörsorganisationen), Östersunds kommuns “Checklista miljöplan för arrangemangsbidrag”, menyerna under eventet, upphandlingsorganisationens upphandlingspolicy, kommunens miljöpolicy samt upphandlingens beslutsprotokoll.  Viss direkt observation vad gäller källsortering och tillgänglighet i spegeltältet under eventet har genomförts. Information kring Stadsfesten-upphandlingen och eventet har samlats in genom i huvudsak personlig kommunikation med utvalda personer inblandade i processen via intervjuer, telefonsamtal och/eller mailkonversationer.  Resultatet har analyserats mot politiska mål för Östersunds kommun, Lag om offentlig upphandling (SFS 2016:1145), Naturvårdsverkets rapport “Miljöanpassade inköp - Verktyg för att nå de nationella miljökvalitetsmålen”, Region Gävleborgs “Checklista för hållbara konferenser och event” samt Håll Sverige rents dokument “Miljömärkt event - Miljökrav på externa aktörer vid event”.  Denna studie visar på att samtliga sju delar av upphandlingsprocessen när det kommer till stadsfesten-upphandlingen innehåller brister, åtminstone när det kommer till miljömässiga faktorer. Östersunds kommun och Upphandlingskontoret som upphandlingsorganisation och leverantören av “Stadsfesten 2019” har visat på en ambition mot skapande av hållbara event men det finns utvecklingspotential. Varken en ingående behovsanalys eller en marknadsanalys har genomförts. Förfrågningsunderlaget kunde ha omfattat fler krav gällande tekniska specifikationer och krav kring uppföljning. Stöd i form av miljökompetens inom kommunens organisation har inte nyttjats till fullo när det kommer till utveckling av den preliminära miljöplanen. En skriftlig utveckling av den slutgiltiga miljöplanen har uteblivit. Kommunens arbetsdokument “Checklista miljöplan för arrangemangsbidrag” har inte följts fullt ut. Utformning av källsorteringshänvisningar under eventet är bristfällig, då det saknas illustrationer och text på fler språk än svenska. Mat som serverats tycks ej vara ekologisk. Vitt och vilt kött har ej prioriterats vid framställning av menyerna. Vid framtagande av menyerna tycks ej heller en minimering av serveringsmaterial ha stått i fokus. Uppföljning kring miljömässiga faktorer har ej genomförts av beställaren eller rapporterats till beställaren av leverantörsorganisationen. Utvärderingen av eventet omfattar ej miljömässiga faktorer eller de sociala faktorer som lyfts i denna studie.   Samtidigt som det i studien framkommer brister i upphandlingsprocessen framkommer det att samtliga inblandade aktörer ställer sig positiva till att utveckla sitt arbete mot en mer hållbar riktning vad gäller upphandling och skapande av event. Förslag till förbättringar mot en mer hållbar upphandlingsprocess som framkommer i studien är att låta testpersoner undersöka tillgängligheten för rullstolsburna innan event börjar, att inleda samarbete mellan Mittuniversitetet och Östersunds kommun, att ställa uppföljningskrav i förfrågningsunderlaget, att formulera slutgiltiga miljöplaner skriftligen samt att ta hjälp av miljökompetens för detta ändamål.​ ​Redan påbörjade organisatoriska hållbarhetsutvecklingar framkommer i form av utveckling av riktlinjer inom eventbranschen och en påbörjad uppföljning av upphandlingar inom upphandlingsorganisationen. / Public procurement can be adjusted to be more sustainable, this through taking in consideration environmental and social factors. Events can be created through public procurement, “Stadsfesten 2019” is one of these events. The event was ordered by the municipality of Östersund, Sweden. This event was dedicated to the general public, and took place during the biathlon world championship in 2019 in Östersund city. Part of this event was the so called mirror tent, a festival building temporary mounted.  The purpose of this study is to clarify whether a sustainable procurement procedure is applied in reality today, this having “Stadsfesten 2019” as a study object.  The study raise deficiencies within the procurement procedure. The aim is that this study will inspire actors involved in the procurement procedure, especially when it comes to the creation of events, to practise all of the steps within the procedure, and also to make use of available competence and support. This to apply a more sustainable public procurement.  Initially the study investigated which steps that are included within the procurement process, and what sustainable procurement and creation of event can involve. The study involves following seven steps within the public procurement: needs analysis, market analysis, formulation of demands within the specifications for the mission, advertising/bid/agreement, implementation/contract period, follow-up and also evaluation.    Focus areas in the study connected to sustainability are employment possibilities for people currently outside the market, food, serving materials, availability for people in wheelchairs, waste sorting and reuse of material. These areas were selected regarding a checklist for creating more sustainable conferences and events by the region of Gävleborg, Sweden, and a document about environmentally certified events by the NGO “Håll Sverige rent”.   A review has been carried out regarding the specifications for the mission for “Stadsfesten 2019”, and the demands connected to the already mentioned focus areas. Reviews have also been carried out regarding the preliminary environmental plan for the event (formulated by the contractor), the municipality’s checklist for environmental plans, the menus presented during the event, the procurement policy of the procurement organsiation, the environment policy of the municipality and of the decision protocol of the Stadsfesten-event.   Some direct observation regarding waste sorting and availability connected to the mirror tent took place during the event.  Information about the event-procurement and the event has been collected mainly through personal communication, involving people connected to the procurement procedure of the event. This communication was made through interviews, phone calls and/or mail conversations.   The result has been analysed against political goals for the municipality of Östersund, the swedish law about public procurement (SFS 2016:1145), a report by the swedish Environmental Protection Agency about environmentally friendly purchases, the checklist by the region of Gävleborg mentioned earlier and also the document by “Håll Sverige rent” already mentioned.  This study shows that all of the seven steps within the procurement procedure includes deficiencies when it comes to the procedure of  the “Stadsfesten 2019”-procurement, at least when it comes to environmental factors. The municipality of Östersund and Upphandlingskontoret (its procurement partner) as a procurement organisation, and the contractor of the event have shown an ambition towards creating a more sustainable event. Still there is a need of further development. Either a thorough need analysis or a market analysis have been carried through. The specifications for the mission could have been including more demands regarding technical specifications and follow-up. Support including competence within the environmental area within the organisation of the municipality has not been used of fully when it comes to the development of the preliminary environmental plan for the specific event. A written version of the final environmental plan has not been formulated. The municipality’s own checklist for creating environmental plans has not been used fully. The layout of the waste sorting instructions connected to the waste bins directed to event visitors is insufficient. It lacks of illustrations and texts in other languages than swedish. The food served within the tent is not ecological. White and wild caught meat have not been prioritised when creating the menus. Also, when creating the menus a minimizing of the serving material needed has not been in focus. A follow-up regarding environmental factors has not been carried through by the municipality or been reported to the municipality by the contractor. The evaluation of the event does not include any environmental or social factors lifted within this study.  At the same time, this study shows that the people involved in this study are positive about developing their work towards a more sustainable direction when it comes to procurement and the creation of events. Suggestions for improvements towards a more sustainable procurement procedure reveals in the study from people involved. These includes having people testing the availability for people in wheelchairs before an event opens, starting a collaboration between the municipality and the local university (Mid Sweden university), including demands about follow-up within the specification for the mission, formulate final environmental plans in written form and make use of environmental competence for this purpose.     Already started organisational developments towards sustainability are revealed in this study. The event branch is developing guidelines about creating more sustainable events, and within the procurement organisation of the municipality of Östersund and Upphandlingskontoret there is an ongoing follow-up regarding their earlier procurement missions. / <p>2019-06-07</p>

Embedded in the economic competition, public procurement has amajor role to play in being a driving force for the promotion of a globallypositive competition that prides the best sustainable products and services,rather than only the more economically efficient ones. Responsible for ahuge part of the human pressure on natural resources, and having a largeshare in the public funding, the built environment sector provides animportant venue for the use of sustainable public procurement as a tool toenhance the sustainability of societies.Selecting the best sustainable offer is a challenging task requiringenvironmental and social assessments that can only be based on complexlife cycle thinking analysis. Through the development of the “ExhaustiveSustainable public procurement clauses Manual”, this paper analyses publicprocurement issues and their potential solutions, with a focus on theenvironmental performance in buildings procurement.

[pt] O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar os impactos dos fatores comportamentais e organizacionais sobre as decisões relacionadas à inserção de critérios de sustentabilidade nas compras públicas do setor público brasileiro. Com base nas lentes teóricas da estratégia comportamental e das compras públicas sustentáveis, foram relacionados dados do levantamento (Survey) e das pesquisas bibliográfica e documental. Assim, foram identificadas as variáveis extraídas da literatura e selecionadas, por meio da Análise Fatorial Exploratória. Em seguida, foram utilizadas Análise de Cluster e as técnicas MANOVA e ANOVA, o que permitiu constatar que os órgãos do Poder Executivo tendem a considerar o Controle como fator organizacional menos importante e a Capacitação como o mais importante em relação aos outros fatores da categoria – comportamento observado na maioria dos órgãos estaduais e municipais. Por outro lado, percebeu-se que há uma tendência nas instituições federais de considerarem o Controle como o fator organizacional que mais impacta as decisões sobre inclusão de critérios de sustentabilidade nas contratações públicas, enquanto, para este grupo, as variáveis Custo, Capacitação e Normas são as que menos impactam. No que diz respeito aos fatores comportamentais, nota-se uma maior tendência das instituições do Executivo e de grande parte das instituições estaduais e municipais em considerarem as variáveis Viés Disponibilidade, Comportamento Tendencioso e Viés Status Quo como mais impactantes nas decisões de sustentabilidade nas contratações públicas em comparação com as instituições do Judiciário, dos Ministérios Públicos e das Cortes de Contas. Por fim, pôde-se observar ainda que as instituições do Executivo e de grande parte das instituições estaduais e municipais tendem a enfatizar mais os fatores organizacionais e comportamentais que as instituições de outros poderes e de outros entes federativos. / [en] The present study aims to evaluate the impacts of behavioral and organizational factors on decisions related to the inclusion of sustainability criteria in public procurement in the Brazilian public sector. Based on the theoretical lens of behavioral strategy and sustainable public procurement, data from the survey (Survey) and bibliographic and documentary research were related. Thus, the variables extracted from the literature and selected through Exploratory Factor Analysis were identified. Then, Cluster Analysis and the MANOVA and ANOVA techniques were used, which made it possible to verify that the Executive Power bodies tend to consider Control as the least important organizational factor and Training as the most important in relation to the other factors of the category - behavior observed in most state and municipal agencies. On the other hand, it was noticed that there is a tendency in federal institutions to consider Control as the organizational factor that most impacts decisions on the inclusion of sustainability criteria in public procurement, while, for this group, the variables Cost, Training and Standards are the ones with the least impact. With regard to behavioral factors, there is a greater tendency of Executive institutions and a large part of state and municipal institutions to consider the variables Availability Bias, Biased Behavior and Status Quo Bias as the most impacting on sustainability decisions in public procurement compared to the institutions of the Judiciary, Public Prosecutors Offices and Courts of Accounts. Finally, it was also possible to observe that the institutions of the Executive and most of the state and municipal institutions tend to emphasize organizational and behavioral factors more than the institutions of other powers and other federative entities.

Background: This study describes the incentives and barriers of public procurement ofcellulose-based and locally produced textiles in the Swedish healthcaresector governed by the county councils and regions. The size of the publicprocurement market is substantial which makes it imperative to analyse theprocurement decisions taken by this large customer from asustainability perspective. To understand these decisions better the publicprocurement is also analysed from an organisational perspective discussingpressures from global, regional and local stakeholders and governingauthorities.Methods: Empirical and primary data was collected from three semi-structuredinterviews with procurement officers, strategic buyers and heads ofprocurement departments in three county councils and regions in Sweden.The qualitative data was supplemented with quantitative data from a surveytargeting the additional 18 county councils and regions in Sweden. All 21county councils and regions in Sweden participated in or responded to theinterview and survey study. Six (33 %) complete responses were submitted,while five (28 %) surveys were partially responded to. Seven (39 %) countycouncils and regions did not participate in the study. The quantitative surveydata was analysed through the Fisher’s exact test and a thematic analysis wasapplied jointly on the interview and survey data due to the identicalinterview and survey questions.Results: The four themes found in the empirical data were concluded to be thedecision-making in these procurement processes being affected by manystakeholders, a high trust on suppliers for information updates andsustainable responsibility, an existing knowledge gap on cellulose-based andlocally produced textiles and the challenges and opportunities surroundingthe regulation of sustainability in the contract terms in the publicprocurement of textiles. The procurement officials being in a leading or nonleadingposition did not show any statistically significant effect on theperception of the clarity in the relevant political directives and how thisinfluences the possibility to take sustainable action in the procurementprocess, nor on whether the short-term (lowest) price has a higher prioritythan the long-term (e.g. long-term societal and environmental costs) in theprocurement of textiles.Conclusion: The sustainable public procurement of textiles within the Swedish healthcaresector governed by the county councils and regions is characterized by ahigh level of organisational complexity including many global, regional andlocal stakeholders. The governing authorities as well as the procuringorganizations and suppliers show interest in implementing sustainableprocurement processes which is however aggravated by static contract terms,limited knowledge on novel textile materials and the perceived costs relatedto the procurement.

O princípio da dignidade humana necessita, como em nenhum outro momento, sair do plano etéreo. Direitos meramente de papel em nada contribuem para o verdadeiro avanço civilizacional por todos ambicionado. Para que a humanidade caminhe celeremente para a realização dos valores sedimentados ao longo de um lento processo de consciência política e jurídica que resultou na construção dos catálogos de direitos fundamentais, impreterível se mostra a efetivação plena dos direitos humanos. A convicção da imprescindibilidade da proteção da dignidade humana necessita ser materializada. A questão da efetividade dos direitos fundamentais afeta, com notável magnitude, a proteção jurídica dos trabalhadores. A Declaração de Princípios e Direitos Fundamentais no Trabalho da OIT e os postulados do trabalho decente, saudável e seguro, os quais configuram a definição dos padrões mínimos de direitos trabalhistas no âmbito internacional, não têm sido cumpridos nos diferentes países, comprometendo gravemente a tutela deferida à dignidade do trabalhador. É preciso assegurar a aplicabilidade e a realização dos direitos trabalhistas fundamentais, combatendo os abjetos casos de trabalho em condições análogas à de escravo, de discriminação de trabalhadores, de cerceamento às liberdades sindicais e negociais, de trabalho infantil, inseguro ou em condições indignas, entre inúmeras outras injustas e execráveis situações vivenciadas no ambiente laboral. No cenário econômico globalizado, em que sobressai o capitalismo financeiro, os governos necessitam assumir, como em nenhum outro momento, seu necessário papel na proteção efetiva dos direitos humanos no trabalho. Neste sentido, diante da vinculação à supremacia e à indisponibilidade dos direitos fundamentais como preceptivos essenciais da atividade administrativa no Estado Democrático de Direito, o Poder Público deve exercer sua função de induzir e modelar as condutas sociais. O trabalho acadêmico presente preconiza e defende que os governos devem exercer um papel verdadeiramente ativo, a fomentar e a exigir o efetivo cumprimento dos direitos fundamentais no trabalho, notadamente pela aplicação de instrumentos jurídicos como a cláusula trabalhista nos contratos públicos. A cláusula trabalhista expressa e proclama a emanação da força cogente, vinculante, dos contratos públicos, das disposições contratuais, e revela a capacidade de subtrair os direitos subjetivos do plano abstrato, formando uma conexão real e obrigatória, alicerçada em obrigações particularizadas, diretamente imponíveis, destinadas à realização dos direitos fundamentais no trabalho e da proteção da dignidade do trabalhador, incorrendo o infrator de seus comandos, na imediata aplicação de sanções. Por conseguinte, produz implicações jurídicas materiais para a proteção do trabalho. Os contornos da concepção contemporânea do contrato público socialmente responsável demandam a adoção da cláusula laboral para a afirmação dos direitos fundamentais no trabalho. As características e particularidades do novo regime jurídico em que se inserem os contratos administrativos exprimem e legitimam a plena pertinência e juridicidade da adoção da cláusula social trabalhista em seu núcleo. Neste contexto, a realização dos padrões internacionais de proteção ao trabalhador é condição mandatória para o desenvolvimento sustentável. A contratação pública socialmente responsável que valoriza e concretiza a proteção da dignidade do trabalhador pode, verdadeiramente, influenciar as atividades econômicas, promovendo a justiça social nas relações de trabalho que encerram ao exigir, com ênfase, a formatação de padrões de emprego e ocupação laboral que respeitam os direitos humanos no trabalho. / The principle of human dignity, as never before, has to be pulled out of its ethereal plane. Empty rights do not contribute to the true civilization progress coveted by all. So that mankind walks faster towards the achievement of the values settled along the slow process of political and legal awareness that resulted in the construction of catalogs of fundamental rights, the full effectiveness of legal rights shall not be avoided. The indispensable protection to human dignity must be enforced with conviction. The issue of the effectiveness of fundamental principles significantly affects workers legal protection. The ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work and the guidelines on decent, healthy and safe work, which define minimum international labour standards, have not been complied with in different countries, severely compromising the protection to workers dignity. The applicability and enforcement of fundamental labour rights must be guaranteed to fight contemptible cases of slavery-like work conditions, workers discrimination, retrenchment to free labour union and collective bargaining, child labour, unsafe work or under degrading conditions, among several other unfair and infamous situations experienced in the work environment. In a globalized economic scenario, where financial capitalism is emphasized, governments have to assume, as never before, their role in the effective protection of human rights at work. Accordingly, in view of the supremacy and inalienability of fundamental rights as essential principles of administrative activities of the Rule of Law, the role of the Government is to induce and shape social conducts. The present academic paper argues and claims that governments should have a decisively active role, fomenting and enforcing the effective compliance with fundamental rights at work, notably by applying legal instruments as the labour clause in public contracts. The labour clause expresses and affirms the cogent and binding force that arises out of public contracts and contractual provisions, and pulls subjective rights out of their abstract plane, establishing an actual and mandatory connection grounded on specific obligations immediately enforceable and aimed to realize fundamental rights at work and protect the dignity of workers, and applying immediate sanctions on the offender of such legal provisions. Therefore, it produces real and concrete legal developments to labour protection. The outlines of the contemporary conception of socially responsible public contracts require the adoption of the labour clause for the enforcement of fundamental labour rights at work. The characteristics and specificities of the new legal regime, which comprises administrative contracts, express and legitimize the full pertinence and legality of including the labour clause among their provisions. In this context, the compliance with international workers protection standards is mandatory to a sustainable development. Socially responsible public contracts that value and enforce the protection to workers dignity may effectively influence economic activities, promoting social justice in labour relations that emphatically claim for the structuring of employment and labour standards that respect human rights at work.

Por meio deste estudo, avaliou-se o impacto da adoção da Agenda Ambiental da Administração Pública (A3P) nos editais de licitação, na modalidade “pregão”, em dois municípios localizados na região Sul e Sudoeste de Minas Gerais, Varginha e Três Corações. O propósito foi identificar as diferenças, se é que existem, na descrição dos produtos licitados pelos dois municípios, ressaltando que, diferente de Varginha, Três Corações integra a Agenda Ambiental (A3P) desde o ano de 2013. Registre-se que a mencionada Agenda Ambiental é um programa que visa a implementar a gestão socioambiental sustentável nas atividades administrativas e operacionais do Governo. Assim, buscou-se verificar se as características dos produtos licitados se modificam conforme o município participe ou não da Agenda Ambiental da Administração Pública (A3P). A partir da análise dos editais de licitação na modalidade pregão do ano de 2015, de ambos os municípios envolvidos, identificou-se que a descrição dos produtos licitados não englobou, salvo pequenas exceções, critérios relativos à sustentabilidade. De posse dessa informação, entendeu-se cabível a elaboração de um plano de melhorias dos processos licitatórios, de modo a conciliar o sistema de licitações municipais ao eixo temático das compras públicas sustentáveis, um dos seis eixos estruturais da Agenda Ambiental da Administração Pública. / This study evaluated the impact of the adoption of the Public Administration Environmental Agenda (A3P) in the bidding documents, in the "pregão" modality, in two municipalities located in the South of Minas Gerais, Três Corações and Varginha. The purpose was to identify the differences, if any, in the description of the products tendered by the two municipalities, noting that, unlike Varginha, Três Corações is part of the Environmental Agenda (A3P) since 2013. It should be noted that the mentioned Environmental Agenda is a program that aims to implement sustainable socio-environmental management in the administrative and operational activities of the Government. Thus, it was sought to verify whether the characteristics of the products tendered change depending on whether the municipality participates or not in the A3P Environmental Agenda. Based on the analysis of the bidding documents in the negotiation modality of the year 2015, of both municipalities involved, it was identified that the description of the products tendered did not include, with minor exceptions, criteria related to sustainability. With this information, it was considered feasible to draw up a plan to improve the bidding processes, in order to reconcile the municipal bidding system with the thematic axis of sustainable public procurement, one of the six structural axes of the Public Administration Environmental Agenda.

The purpose of this essay is to investigate whether the Swedish municipalities apply the UN Convention on the rights of Persons with Disabilities and article number 24 regarding right to education when purchasing Swedish education for immigrants. One aim is to identify whether legislation, policies and rights of people with disabilities occur in different procurement documents. The study furthermore investigates if the right to education connects to the concept of social sustainability and Agenda 2030 for sustainable development and if that shows in the reviewed documents. This qualitative study maps and compares contents of different documents, descriptions of legislation, policies and concepts concerning rights of persons with disabilities. General comment No. 4 regarding right to inclusive education supports the work and analysis. The result finds that some rights of persons with disabilities occur in the different documents but to a different extent between the municipalities. Human Rights are not widely described and the Convention not mentioned, which could hinder to fulfill the obligation. The concept of social sustainability exists in the documents but does not always constitute the same purpose as described by the Swedish authority for public purchasing.

Submitted by Raquel Sobral (kell.sobral@gmail.com) on 2015-03-30T14:42:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Raquel Nonato - versão pós banca pdf..pdf: 1894401 bytes, checksum: 69e70999ff18f599dd8a0f06fdc4d197 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by PAMELA BELTRAN TONSA (pamela.tonsa@fgv.br) on 2015-03-30T14:45:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Raquel Nonato - versão pós banca pdf..pdf: 1894401 bytes, checksum: 69e70999ff18f599dd8a0f06fdc4d197 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-30T19:21:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Raquel Nonato - versão pós banca pdf..pdf: 1894401 bytes, checksum: 69e70999ff18f599dd8a0f06fdc4d197 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-03 / The research focuses on the debate on the role of actors in the incorporation of Sustainable Public Procurement strategy in the daily public sector. The Sustainable Public Procurement match strategy to acquire goods and services in order to maximize the benefits to society in the medium and long term, recognizing its effects on the environmental dimension, economic and social. In this sense, this study aims to analyze the production and circulation of sustainable procurement ideas from the sensemaking of the actors. Therefore, the research : (i) developed a taxonomy of sustainable public procurement models highlighting the attributes of sustainability that are being applied in practice and recent policies, (ii) understand how and in which areas, the actors move , articulate and negotiate for the inclusion of this instrument in everyday public sector, (iii) contrasted sustainable public procurement experience in two subnational governments - Acre and São Paulo - to identify the negotiations and disputes that permeate the contours and the direction of these experiences. The analysis is based on qualitative methodology and theoretical framework linking the cognitive approach of public action with the notions of forums and discursive dimension of public policy, illuminating for the carrying frame in the interactions of the actors, marked by a backdrop of uncertainty and controversy. / A pesquisa enfoca o debate sobre o papel dos atores na incorporação da estratégia de Compras Públicas Sustentáveis no cotidiano do setor público. As Compras Publicas Sustentáveis correspondem à estratégia de adquirir bens e serviços com vistas à maximização dos benefícios para a sociedade no médio e longo prazo, reconhecendo seus efeitos sobre a dimensão ambiental, econômica e social. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo objetiva analisar a a produção e a circulação das ideias de compras públicas sustentáveis a partir da ressignificação dos atores. Para tanto, a pesquisa: (i) desenvolveu uma taxonomia dos modelos de compras públicas sustentáveis destacando os atributos de sustentabilidade que estão sendo aplicados nas práticas e políticas recentes, (ii) compreendeu de que forma e em quais espaços, os atores se movimentam, articulam e negociam para a inserção desse instrumento no cotidiano do setor público, (iii) contrastou experiências de compras públicas sustentáveis em dois governos subnacionais – Acre e São Paulo. A análise se baseou em metodologia qualitativa e em referencial teórico que articulou a abordagem cognitiva de ação pública com as noções de fóruns e da dimensão discursiva da política pública, iluminando para a trama assentada nas interações dos atores, marcadas por um cenário de incertezas e controvérsias.

Submitted by Raphaela Moresque Marins Rezende (raphaela.marins@fgv.br) on 2017-05-10T20:59:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Compras Públicas Sustentáveis_Versão Final_Assinada.pdf: 1551377 bytes, checksum: 81f6de61a19d603c58bc8523f9a2ea18 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2017-05-16T19:45:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Compras Públicas Sustentáveis_Versão Final_Assinada.pdf: 1551377 bytes, checksum: 81f6de61a19d603c58bc8523f9a2ea18 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-30T14:43:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Compras Públicas Sustentáveis_Versão Final_Assinada.pdf: 1551377 bytes, checksum: 81f6de61a19d603c58bc8523f9a2ea18 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-31 / The worldwide concern with actions related to sustainability has considerably increased over the last few years. In this context, several studies suggest that the uncontrolled consumption, the large generation of waste from the traditional energy production processes, the unreasonable water utilization and the use of natural resources in an inconsistent way, are factors that contribute to an acceleration of environment degradation. Thus, the concept of sustainability is becoming increasingly important, and the public administration, in turn, has been applying the Public Procurement as a tool of public policy to achieve the sustainable development. Therefore, the aim of this work is to assess the stage/outlook of PSCs in the bidding processes of three Brazilian states, São Paulo, Minas Gerais and Bahia, identifying how they introduced the following programs, and what are the ultimate barriers to the achievement of their objectives. Regarding the Brazilian scenario, several setbacks were encountered in order to implement the model in an effective way: (a) the fashion and the difficulty of changing the purchase behavior; (b) the lack of suppliers for 'sustainable' goods or services; (c) the complexity of comparing the cost/value relation of the money real appreciation; (d) the intricacy of treating the wider effects of the environmental considerations; and (e) the perception that the process and outcomes are more costly and time-consuming. / A preocupação mundial com as ações relacionadas à sustentabilidade tem aumentado significativamente ao longo dos últimos anos. Nesse sentido, diversos estudos sugerem que o consumo desenfreado, a grande geração de resíduos oriunda dos processos de produção tradicionais, o consumo irracional da água, a utilização dos recursos naturais de forma inconsequente, etc., são fatores que contribuem para a aceleração da degradação ambiental. Dessa forma, o conceito sustentabilidade se faz cada vez mais importante e a Administração Pública, por seu turno, tem utilizado as Compras Públicas como instrumento de política pública para o atingimento do desenvolvimento sustentável. Assim sendo, o objetivo deste trabalho é analisar qual o estágio/panorama das CPS nos processos licitatórios de três estados brasileiros, São Paulo, Minas Gerais e Bahia, identificando como os respectivos programas foram implementados e quais as eventuais barreiras para o êxito no alcance de seus objetivos. No que se refere ao panorama brasileiro, foram encontradas diversas dificuldades, entre elas: (a) o hábito e a dificuldade de mudar o comportamento de compra; (b) a falta de fornecedores de bens ou serviços 'sustentáveis'; (c) a complexidade de comparar custo/valor de avaliação real do dinheiro; (d) a dificuldade de incluir fatores mais amplos que as considerações ambientais; e (e) a percepção de que o processo e os resultados são mais dispendiosos e demorados, para que o modelo seja efetivamente implementado.

There are directives for how public procurement should be conducted, in terms of quality,price, non-discrimination, transparency, equal treatment, reasonable requirements and how environmental, social and labor law considerations should be taken into account. Public procurement must also solve societal problems with the aim of achieving the global goals, but despite these guidelines, environmental ethical problems still remain for how a purchaser should prioritize and evaluate between the social, ecological and economic responsibility in public procurement. The purpose was to investigate whether environmental ethics could make a significant contribution in highlighting and understanding the environmental ethical challenges, conflicts, gaps and considerations that public procurement faces and provide answers to how public procurement should ethically value different tenders in order to be able to choose the supplier that makes the greatest social, ecological and economic benefit to society with the aim of achieving the global goals. The conclusion is that doctor Olle Torpman's environmental ethical sub-issues make the ethical challenges, as conflicts, gaps and considerations that public procurement faces visible and comprehensible. The application of the ethics of sustainable development, specified by professor Mikael Stenmark, solves the environmental ethics problems and shows that an environmental ethics theory makes a significant contribution when it comes to providing answers to how public procurement should ethically value the social, ecological and economic responsibility in public procurement. The procurement authority has been commissioned by the government to amend the law on public procurement so that it is in line with the new climate law. I hope that this thesis can provide an environmental ethical perspective on public procurement. Keywords: sustainable purchases, sustainable public procurement, environmental ethics, evaluate sustainability in purchasing, sustainable development goals, public procurement shall solve societal problems.