Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:53:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CristinaKNY_DISSERT.pdf: 2647899 bytes, checksum: 38fec83f99c6340d8c2475bec099d1b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-03 / In recent decades the public sector comes under pressure in order to improve its performance. The use of Information Technology (IT) has been a tool increasingly used in reaching that goal. Thus, it has become an important issue in public organizations, particularly in institutions of higher education, determine which factors influence the acceptance and use of technology, impacting on the success of its implementation and the desired organizational results. The Technology Acceptance Model - TAM was used as the basis for this study and is based on the constructs perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. However, when it comes to integrated management systems due to the complexity of its implementation,organizational factors were added to thus seek further explanation of the acceptance of such systems. Thus, added to the model five TAM constructs related to critical success factors in implementing ERP systems, they are: support of top management, communication, training, cooperation, and technological complexity (BUENO and SALMERON, 2008). Based on the foregoing, launches the following research problem: What factors influence the acceptance and use of SIE / module academic at the Federal University of Para, from the users' perception of teachers and technicians? The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of organizational factors, and behavioral antecedents of behavioral intention to use the SIE / module academic UFPA in the perspective of teachers and technical users. This is applied research, exploratory and descriptive, quantitative with the implementation of a survey, and data collection occurred through a structured questionnaire applied to a sample of 229 teachers and 30 technical and administrative staff. Data analysis was carried out through descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling with the technique of partial least squares (PLS). Effected primarily to assess the measurement model, which were verified reliability, convergent and discriminant validity for all indicators and constructs. Then the structural model was analyzed using the bootstrap resampling technique like. In assessing statistical significance, all hypotheses were supported. The coefficient of determination (R ?) was high or average in five of the six endogenous variables, so the model explains 47.3% of the variation in behavioral intention. It is noteworthy that among the antecedents of behavioral intention (BI) analyzed in this study, perceived usefulness is the variable that has a greater effect on behavioral intention, followed by ease of use (PEU) and attitude (AT). Among the organizational aspects (critical success factors) studied technological complexity (TC) and training (ERT) were those with greatest effect on behavioral intention to use, although these effects were lower than those produced by behavioral factors (originating from TAM). It is pointed out further that the support of senior management (TMS) showed, among all variables, the least effect on the intention to use (BI) and was followed by communications (COM) and cooperation (CO), which exert a low effect on behavioral intention (BI). Therefore, as other studies on the TAM constructs were adequate for the present research. Thus, the study contributed towards proving evidence that the Technology Acceptance Model can be applied to predict the acceptance of integrated management systems, even in public. Keywords: Technology / Nas ?ltimas d?cadas o setor p?blico vem sofrendo press?es com vistas a melhorar seu desempenho. A utiliza??o da Tecnologia da Informa??o (TI) tem sido uma ferramenta cada vez mais empregada na tentativa de alcan?ar esse objetivo. Dessa forma, passou a ser uma importante quest?o nas organiza??es p?blicas, e em particular nas institui??es de ensino superior, verificar quais fatores influenciam a aceita??o e o uso da tecnologia, impactando no sucesso de sua implementa??o e nos resultados organizacionais almejados. O Modelo de Aceita??o da Tecnologia TAM foi utilizado como base para o presente estudo e fundamenta-se nos construtos utilidade percebida e facilidade de uso percebida. No entanto, quando se trata de sistemas integrados de gest?o, devido ? complexidade de sua implanta??o, acrescentaram-se fatores organizacionais para assim buscar maior explica??o da aceita??o desses sistemas. Assim, acrescentaram-se ao modelo TAM cinco construtos relacionados aos fatores cr?ticos de sucesso na implementa??o de sistemas ERP, s?o eles: apoio da alta administra??o, comunica??o, treinamento, coopera??o, e complexidade tecnol?gica (BUENO e SALMERON, 2008). Com base no exposto, lan?a-se o seguinte problema de pesquisa: quais fatores influenciam a aceita??o e uso do SIE/m?dulo acad?mico na Universidade Federal do Par?, a partir da percep??o dos usu?rios t?cnicos e docentes? O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi identificar a influ?ncia de fatores organizacionais e comportamentais como antecedentes da inten??o comportamental de uso do SIE/m?dulo acad?mico na UFPA sob a perspectiva dos usu?rios docentes e t?cnicos. A presente pesquisa ? aplicada, explorat?ria e descritiva, de natureza quantitativa com a aplica??o de um survey, e a coleta de dados se deu por meio de question?rio estruturado aplicado a uma amostra composta por 229 docentes e 30 t?cnico-administrativos. A an?lise de dados se deu atrav?s de estat?sticas descritivas e modelagem de equa??o estrutural com a t?cnica de m?nimos quadros parciais (Partial Least Square-PLS). Primeiramente efetuou-se a avalia??o do modelo de mensura??o, no qual foram verificadas a confiabilidade, validade convergente e discriminante para todos os indicadores e construtos. Em seguida, o modelo estrutural foi analisado, com a utiliza??o de bootstrap como t?cnica de reamostragem. Na avalia??o das signific?ncias estat?sticas, todas as hip?teses formuladas foram suportadas. O coeficiente de determina??o (R?) foi considerado alto ou m?dio em 5 das 6 vari?veis end?genas, assim o modelo consegue explicar 47,3% da varia??o da inten??o comportamental. Ressalta-se que, dentre os antecedentes da inten??o comportamental (BI) analisados no presente estudo, utilidade percebida ? a vari?vel que possui maior efeito sobre a inten??o comportamental, seguida pela facilidade de uso (PEU) e a atitude (AT). Dentre os aspectos organizacionais (fatores cr?ticos de sucesso) estudados, complexidade tecnol?gica (TC) e treinamento (TRE) foram aqueles com maior efeito sobre a inten??o comportamental de usar, apesar desses efeitos serem inferiores aos produzidos pelos fatores comportamentais (origin?rios do TAM). Destaca-se, ainda, que o apoio da alta administra??o (TMS) apresentou, entre todas as vari?veis, o menor efeito sobre a inten??o de usar (BI) e foi seguida pela comunica??o (COM) e coopera??o (CO), as quais exercem um baixo efeito sobre a inten??o comportamental (BI). Portanto, conforme outros estudos, os construtos relativos ao TAM mostraram-se adequados para a presente pesquisa. Dessa maneira, o estudo contribuiu no sentido de demonstrar ind?cios de que o Modelo de Aceita??o da Tecnologia pode ser aplicado ? predi??o da aceita??o de sistemas integrados de gest?o, mesmo em organiza??es p?blicas.

Content Management Systems (CMS) are information systems used to facilitate the maintenance of content on the Internet using a central interface. This ease of use allows users of organizations without programming knowledge and software development make use of this type of system. Over the years, the CMSs progressed to robust development platforms that have provided a wide range of added features. There are CMSs of the most varied characteristics, free or commercial applications developed using programming languages such as Java, PHP, Python and dotNET using various database management systems such as Oracle, MySQL , SQL Server and Postgree. Considering the importance of acquiring a solution that meets user expectations among many CMSs available, ISO/IEC 25040 provides a process for evaluating quality of the software product for developers, acquirers and independent evaluators. This evaluation process is based on a number of criteria. This research project proposes an approach to identify, analyze and classify tools Content Management System , according to development criteria and maintenance websites to governmental organizations, based the model proposed by ISO/IEC 25010 and technology acceptance model (TAM). Using the methodology proposed by ISO / IEC 25040, the CMSs were identified by means of literature and two evaluation approaches were defined approaches based on functional and non functional requirements and based on TAM. The definition of criteria was created from interviews and questionnaires with stakeholders. As case study, five CMSs open source and free participate of the evaluation process under the two approaches to meet the needs of EMGETIS government company. To perform the evaluation questionnaires were created and the measurement was performed by using descriptive statistics of variables such as frequency, positive count and average on the results of evaluations. TAM approach has also evaluated the relationship between your variables through the coefficient of Spearman. Finally, a comparison between the CMSs for each approach was generated. The Plone CMS answered the highest number of requirements in the evaluation requirements. The WordPress CMS had the best result in TAM approach. The XOOPS CMS had lower attendance in the two approaches. The EMGETIS chose the Wordpress CMS, because besides the ease of use and installation, the CMS was developed in PHP language that the company already has knowledge and the secretariats was getting training to use. The research was funded by Fapitec in partnership with EMGETIS and participates in the Program of Support and Development of Public Policy for the State of Sergipe contributing to the process of selection and acquisition of CMSs for public departments of the state. / Content Management Systems (CMS) são sistemas de informação utilizados para facilitar a manutenção do conteúdo na Internet, usando uma interface central. Esta facilidade de uso permite que usuários de organizações, sem conhecimento em programação e desenvolvimento de software, façam uso deste tipo de sistema. Ao longo dos anos, os CMSs evoluíram para plataformas de desenvolvimento robustas que proporcionaram um grande conjunto de recursos agregados. Existem CMSs das mais variadas características, aplicações gratuitas ou pagas, construídas em linguagens de programação como Java, PHP, Python e dotNET, utilizando variados sistemas gerenciadores de bancos de dados tais como Oracle, MySQL, SQL Server e PostgreSQL. Considerando a importância de adquirir uma solução que satisfaça às expectativas do usuário em meio a tantos CMSs disponíveis, a ISO/IEC 25040 fornece um processo de avaliação da qualidade do produto de software para desenvolvedores, adquirentes e avaliadores independentes. Este processo de avaliação é baseado em critérios de verificação. Este projeto de pesquisa propõe uma abordagem para identificar, analisar e classificar ferramentas de Content Management System (Sistema de Gerenciamento de Conteúdo), segundo critérios de desenvolvimento e manutenção de web sites para organizações governamentais, baseados no modelo proposto pela ISO/IEC 25010 e no modelo de aceitação de tecnologia (TAM). Com o uso da metodologia proposta pela norma ISO/IEC 25040, os CMSs foram identificados por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e duas abordagens de avaliação foram definidas, baseadas em requisitos funcionais e não funcionais e baseadas no modelo TAM. A definição dos critérios foi elaborada a partir de entrevistas e questionários com os stakeholders. Como estudo de caso, cinco CMSs open source e gratuitos participaram do processo de avaliação sob as duas abordagens para o atendimento das necessidades da empresa governamental EMGETIS. Para executar a avaliação foram criados questionários e a medição foi realizada por meio de variáveis de estatística descritiva como frequência, contagem de positivos e média sob os resultados das avaliações. Na abordagem TAM também foi avaliada a relação entre suas variáveis por meio do coeficiente de Spearman. Por fim, foi gerado um comparativo entre os CMSs para cada abordagem. O CMS Plone atendeu o maior número de requisitos na avaliação requisitos. O CMS WordPress obteve o melhor resultado na abordagem TAM. O Xoops foi o CMS que apresentou menor atendimento nas duas abordagens. A EMGETIS escolheu o CMS Wordpress, pois além da facilidade de uso e instalação, o CMS foi desenvolvido na linguagem PHP que a empresa já possui conhecimento e uma das secretarias estava adquirindo treinamento para uso. A pesquisa foi financiada pela Fapitec em parceria com a EMGETIS e participou do Programa de Apoio e Desenvolvimento de Políticas Públicas para o Estado de Sergipe, contribuindo para o processo de seleção e aquisição de CMSs para as secretarias públicas do estado.

過去研究指出因為欠缺基礎數位素養，敏銳度不足造成國內學生面對大量網路訊息時，降低了過濾資訊的能力，因此建立起資訊篩選與評估的機制，培養數位閱讀能力與資訊素養，成為近幾年來熱門的議題。本研究以「閱讀知識合作標註學習系統」結合網路探究式學習，發展「合作式標註工具輔助網路探究式學習模式」，期望能創新資訊素養教學，為學生找到有效提升資訊尋求能力的新方法。 研究採用準實驗研究法，以新北市某國小五年級兩班共50名學生為研究對象，進行「網路資訊評估與判斷」的主題合作探究學習，其中一班25名學生被隨機分派到採用「合作式標註工具輔助網路探究式學習模式」為實驗組，另一班25名學生被隨機分派到採用「討論版工具輔助網路探究式學習模式」為控制組，以先備知識及認知風格作為背景變項，探討兩種不同學習模式的學生在學習成效、認知負荷、科技接受度與學習滿意度的影響與差異。 研究結果發現，相較於「討論版工具輔助網路探究式學習模式」，採用「合作式標註工具輔助網路探究式學習模式」對於中、低先備知識者以及場地獨立型風格學生的學習成效有很大助益；不論是採用哪一種學習模式的學習者在學習中，並不會產生過大的認知負荷；而在評估科技接受度以及學習滿意度上，低先備知識的學生認為採用「合作式標註工具」比採用「討論版工具」輔助網路探究式學習的幫助更大，同時在學習滿意度也更為顯著。 最後基於研究結果，提出發揮工具的優勢發展系列推廣課程，以及延伸應用批判性思考學習對教師進行教學的建議，以及未來可深入長時間發展、探究式學習的互動歷程行為、學習遷移等相關探討與研究，希望能作為資訊素養教育推廣下，研究領域探討議題的新方向。 / The past studies have suggested that the lack of basic digital literacy and acuteness has reduced Taiwanese students’ ability to filter information when facing a vast amount of Internet information. As a result, establishing a mechanism for selecting and assessing information, as well as cultivating digital reading ability and information literacy have been the hot topics in recent years. By combing the Reading Knowledge Collaborative Annotation Tool (CAT) with the Web-based inquiry-based learning, this study has developed the “Web-based Inquiry-based Learning Model with the Collaborative Annotation Tool,” hoping to innovate the information literacy instruction and find new ways to effectively improve students’ information search capabilities. In this study, a quasi-experimental study method was adopted, and 50 fifth-graders from two classes in a certain elementary school in New Taipei City were selected as the research subjects to conduct the collaborative inquiry-based learning on the theme of “Internet Information Assessment and Judgment.” Among them, 25 students from one class were randomly assigned to the experimental group of adopting the “Web-based Inquiry-based Learning Model with the Collaborative Annotation Tool,” while 25 students from another class were randomly assigned to the control group of adopting the “Web-based Inquiry-based Learning Model with the Discussion Board Tool.” With prior knowledge and cognitive style as background variables, the influences and differences in students’ learning effectiveness, cognitive load, technology acceptance, and learning satisfaction in two different learning models were thoroughly explored. The research results found that compared to the “Web-based Inquiry-based Learning Model with the Discussion Board Tool,” the “Web-based Inquiry-based Learning Model with the Collaborative Annotation Tool” showed much higher benefits in the learning effectiveness for students with middle and low prior knowledge and with field independence. Both of these two models produce would not produce excessive cognitive load on students during the learning process. As for the assessments on technology acceptance and learning satisfaction, students with low prior knowledge considered that the Web-based Inquiry-based Learning Model with the Collaborative Annotation Tool was more helpful for them than the one with the Discussion Board Tool, and they also showed a higher significant level of learning satisfaction. Lastly, based on the research results, this study suggests that the advantages of the tool can be used to further develop a series of promotion courses, and the use of critical thinking learning can be extended to the teaching for teachers. Also, this study suggests that the long-term in-depth explorations of the interactive course behavior of inquiry-based learning, transfer of learning, and other relevant studies can be conducted in the future, hoping to provide as new directions of topics for the research field when promoting information literacy instruction.

Magister Commercii - MCom / The research focuses on the acceptance of new technologies within the telecommunications industry. The study examines three models namely Innovation theory, Theory of Reason Action (TRA), and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). This study explores the technology acceptance models in order to explain why certain monitoring officers at ICASA would prefer specific technologies over others. Models of interest could be the innovation theory, TRA and TAM. After reviewing both models, the author will examine the TAM in detail as a model of interest in this study. In turn, this model is expected to assist us to understand why monitoring officer's at ICASA would prefer a particular frequency monitoring technology over the other. / South Africa

Magister Commercii (Information Management) - MCom(IM) / This research work investigates and reports on the contribution of usability and perceptual frameworks towards understanding and ultimately increasing usage of a sales website and a corporate marketing website for a major insurance company in South Africa. It investigates whether the application of usability principles to the sales web positively influences the usage of the sales web system as a tool by intermediaries, and in so doing help the organisation recoup their investment and lower operational costs. This financial services (traditionally insurance) company, like many organisations, is in the process of migrating key operational systems onto web platforms to take advantage of benefits such as the ubiquity of web access and services orientated architecture among others. The research reviewed key frameworks in the area of technology acceptance or usage namely Nielsen‟s usability attributes (Nielsen, 2003). The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), (Davis, 1989). The Theory of Reasoned Action (Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975). The Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1985); and derived a theoretical summative model (the Conceptual Research Model) that combined both usability and perceptual dimensions. The applicability of this summative model was empirically tested using quantitative data relating to system usage and user perception. Empirical evidence was gathered to prove and refine the Conceptual Research Model (CRM), and the data substantiated the inclusion of the constructs in the CRM, as well as the efficacy of the model in a financial services organisation. Through testing of the CRM, this research has also confirmed which specific attributes of usability can be focussed on to bring about positive change in users' usage behaviour and adoption of a website or web application. / South Africa

The research outlined in this thesis focuses on the effects of implementation and use of mobile payments as experienced by older adults aged 55-75, as qualitatively examined through research interviewees (hereafter participants of this study) made up of individuals with varying cultural and technological backgrounds, who are acclimated to Greece’s culture and have lived within the country for at least a decade. Their own perception and reception of the practice allows for a more comprehensive look into the practical application of the technology within the country. No empirical studies are available on the aforementioned topic, despite the high importance and need for such study. Therefore, this research is carried out through a literature review. It then analyzes two models namely technology acceptance model (TAM) and unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model. It applies a phenomenological research method and provides us with a more concise, contextualized background into the widespread application of m-payment and m-commerce within the country. This research contributes new knowledge to m-payment and m-commerce through theoretical and empirical research and benefits the interpretation of a recently emerging phenomenon. The research results are useful to various groups associated with mpayments and m-commerce. Future research directions concerning this phenomenon involve the reception and enhancement of m-payment methods by older adults.

Cette étude fournit un aperçu des tendances qui existent dans la littérature concernant le gouvernement électronique et le potentiel que ces systèmes ont pour les gouvernements, les entreprises, les employés et les citoyens dans la perspective des pays en développement. Pour comprendre la nature multidimensionnelle des systèmes de gouvernement électronique, cette étude présente un cadre de l'adoption par les citoyens de services du gouvernement électronique en intégrant la littérature sur l'acceptation de technologies et sur le succès du système d'information ainsi que les croyances d'attitude et de la société. Le modèle a été testé par une étude empirique au moyen de deux enquêtes, un questionnaire papier et une autre enquête sur internet. La modélisation d’équation structurelle a été utilisée pour tester les hypothèses.Les résultats de la recherche ont montré que par la capacité perçue à utiliser, le bénéfice fonctionnel, la confiance dans l'internet, la confiance dans le gouvernement et la satisfaction des utilisateurs sont de forts prédicteurs de l'intention des citoyens d’adopter des services de gouvernement électroniques. Nous trouvons également que l'effet de la qualité de l'information et la qualité du système sur l'adoption de l’e-gouvernement est totalement médiée par la capacité perçue à utiliser, le bénéfice fonctionnel, la confiance dans l'internet, la confiance dans le gouvernement et la satisfaction des utilisateurs. La capacité perçue à utiliser et la confiance dans le gouvernement s'avèrent être de significatifs médiateurs de la relation entre la qualité de service et l'adoption des services gouvernementaux en ligne. Nous ne trouvons pas d'effet direct significatif de risque perçu de terrorisme sur l'adoption des services gouvernementaux en ligne, cependant, nous trouvons un effet indirect par le bénéfice fonctionnel. Par ailleurs, nous trouvons un effet significatif du sexe, niveau d'éducation et du niveau d'expérience (avec Internet et avec les sites web du gouvernement) sur l'adoption des services gouvernementaux en ligne par les citoyens. On a constaté que l’âge n'avait pas d'effet significatif sur l'adoption des services gouvernementaux en ligne.En outre, la recherche fournit certaines suggestions utiles et implications pour les milieux académiques et les professionnels des services gouvernementaux en ligne. Cela permettra également de réduire les confusions dans l'esprit des citoyens, au sujet de l’adoption de l'e-gouvernement / Globalization has increased the importance of internet as a medium of communication almost in all aspects of our lives. The current exploratory research provides an insight into the trends that exist within literature concerning the area of Electronic Government (e-government) and the potential these have for the governments, businesses, employees and citizens in perspective of the developing countries. Globally the pace of implementing e-government services is rapidly increasing; however, despite high levels of investment, a broad range of applications, and various methods of access citizens have shown relatively low levels of usage of e-government services making it an interesting area of research. To encompass the multi-dimensional nature of e-government systems the current study presents a framework of citizens’ adoption of e-government services by integrating technology acceptance and information systems (IS) success literature along with citizens’ attitudinal and societal beliefs. In the proposed framework, the qualities of e-government websites such as perceived information quality (PIQ), perceived system quality (PSYQ) and perceived service quality (PSQ) along with social influence (SI), perceived risk of terrorism (PRT) are posited to influence citizens’ adoption of e-government services (ADP) directly and indirectly through perceived ability to use (PATU), perceived functional benefit (PFB), trust in the medium (TM), trust in the government (TG) and user satisfaction (SAT). The research uses a citizen-centric approach to determine citizens’ overall acceptability/adoptability of e-government services. Although we may generalize the results to other countries, yet the primary intention of this research is to shed light on how to approach, manage and implement such projects in developing countries. The model has been examined through an empirical study using paper-based along with a web-based survey. Structural equation modeling has been used to test the proposed hypotheses. The results of the research show that perceived ability to use, perceived functional benefit, trust in medium, trust in government and user satisfaction are strong predictors of citizens’ adoption of e-government services. We also find evidence that the effect of perceived information quality and perceived system quality on adoption of e-government services is totally mediated by perceived ability to use, perceived functional benefit, trust in medium, trust in government and user satisfaction. Perceived ability to use and trust in government are found to be significant mediators on the relationship between perceived service quality and adoption of e-government services. We do not find any significant direct effect of perceived risk of terrorism on adoption of e-government services rather we find an indirect effect through perceived functional benefit. We also find that perceived ability to use, trust in medium and trust in government partially mediate the relationship between social influence and adoption of e-government services. Moreover, we find significant effect of gender, education level, experience with internet and with e-government websites on citizens’ adoption of e-government services. Age is found to have no significant effect on citizens’ adoption of e-government services. Further, the research provides some useful suggestions and implications for the academician and practitioners of e-government services assisting them in designing and implementing policies and strategies to increase the adoption of e-government services. This will also help reduce confusions in the minds of citizens, regarding e-government adoption

[EN] Software development projects are diverse in nature. For this reason, software companies are often forced to define their methods in-house. In order to define methods efficiently and effectively, software companies require systematic solutions that are built upon sound methodical foundations. Providing these solutions is the main goal of the Method Engineering discipline. Method Engineering is the discipline to design, construct, and adapt methods, techniques, and tools for the development of information systems. Over the last two decades, a lot of research work has been performed in this area. However, despite its potential benefits, Method Engineering is not widely used in industrial settings. Some of the causes of this reality are the high theoretical complexity of Method Engineering and the lack of adequate software support. In this thesis, we aim to mitigate some of the problems that affect Method Engineering by providing a novel methodological approach that is built upon Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) foundations. The use of MDE enables a rise in abstraction, automation, and reuse that allows us to alleviate the complexity of our Method Engineering approach. Furthermore, by leveraging MDE techniques (such as metamodeling, model transformations, and models at runtime), our approach supports three phases of the Method Engineering lifecycle: design, implementation, and execution. This is unlike traditional Method Engineering approaches, which, in general, only support one of these phases. In order to provide software support for our proposal, we developed a Computer-Aided Method Engineering (CAME) environment that is called MOSKitt4ME. To ensure that MOSKitt4ME offered the necessary functionality, we identified a set of functional requirements prior to developing the tool. Then, after these requirements were identified, we defined the architecture of our CAME environment, and, finally, we implemented the architecture in the context of Eclipse. The thesis work was evaluated by means of a study that involved the participation of end users. In this study, MOSKitt4ME was assessed by means of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Think Aloud method. While the TAM allowed us to measure usefulness and ease of use in a subjective manner, the Think Aloud method allowed us to analyze these measures objectively. Overall, the results were favorable. MOSKitt4ME was highly rated in perceived usefulness and ease of use; we also obtained positive results with respect to the users' actual performance and the difficulty experienced. / [ES] Los proyectos de desarrollo de software son diversos por naturaleza. Por este motivo, las compañías de software se ven forzadas frecuentemente a definir sus métodos de manera interna. Para poder definir métodos de forma efectiva y eficiente, las compañías necesitan soluciones sistemáticas que estén definidas sobre unos fundamentos metodológicos sólidos. Proporcionar estas soluciones es el principal objetivo de la Ingeniería de Métodos. La Ingeniería de Métodos es la disciplina que aborda el diseño, la construcción y la adaptación de métodos, técnicas y herramientas para el desarrollo de sistemas de información. Durante las dos últimas décadas, se ha llevado a cabo mucho trabajo de investigación en esta área. Sin embargo, pese a sus potenciales beneficios, la Ingeniería de Métodos no se aplica ampliamente en contextos industriales. Algunas de las principales causas de esta situación son la alta complejidad teórica de la Ingeniería de Métodos y la falta de un apropiado soporte software. En esta tesis, pretendemos mitigar algunos de los problemas que afectan a la Ingeniería de Métodos proporcionando una propuesta metodológica innovadora que está basada en la Ingeniería Dirigida por Modelos (MDE). El uso de MDE permite elevar el nivel de abstracción, automatización y reuso, lo que posibilita una reducción de la complejidad de nuestra propuesta. Además, aprovechando técnicas de MDE (como por ejemplo el metamodelado, las transformaciones de modelos y los modelos en tiempo de ejecución), nuestra aproximación da soporte a tres fases del ciclo de vida de la Ingeniería de Métodos: diseño, implementación y ejecución. Esto es a diferencia de las propuestas existentes, las cuales, por lo general, sólo dan soporte a una de estas fases. Con el objetivo de proporcionar soporte software para nuestra propuesta, implementamos una herramienta CAME (Computer-Aided Method Engineering) llamada MOSKitt4ME. Para garantizar que MOSKitt4ME proporcionaba la funcionalidad necesaria, definimos un conjunto de requisitos funcionales como paso previo al desarrollo de la herramienta. Tras la definción de estos requisitos, definimos la arquitectura de la herramienta CAME y, finalmente, implementamos la arquitectura en el contexto de Eclipse. El trabajo desarrollado en esta tesis se evaluó por medio de un estudio donde participaron usuarios finales. En este estudio, MOSKitt4ME se evaluó por medio del Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) y del método Think Aloud. Mientras que el TAM permitió medir utilidad y facilidad de uso de forma subjetiva, el método Think Aloud permitió analizar estas medidas objetivamente. En general, los resultados obtenidos fueron favorables. MOSKitt4ME fue valorado de forma positiva en cuanto a utilidad y facilidad de uso percibida; además, obtuvimos resultados positivos en cuanto al rendimiento objetivo de los usuarios y la dificultad experimentada. / [CAT] Els projectes de desenvolupament de programari són diversos per naturalesa. Per aquest motiu, les companyies es veuen forçades freqüenment a definir els seus mètodes de manera interna. Per poder definir mètodes de forma efectiva i eficient, les companyies necessiten solucions sistemàtiques que estiguin definides sobre uns fundaments metodològics sòlids. Proporcionar aquestes solucions és el principal objectiu de l'Enginyeria de Mètodes. L'Enginyeria de Mètodes és la disciplina que aborda el diseny, la construcció i l'adaptació de mètodes, tècniques i eines per al desenvolupament de sistemes d'informació. Durant les dues últimes dècades, s'ha dut a terme molt de treball de recerca en aquesta àrea. No obstant, malgrat els seus potencials beneficis, l'Enginyeria de Mètodes no s'aplica àmpliament en contextes industrials. Algunes de les principals causes d'aquesta situació són l'alta complexitat teòrica de l'Enginyeria de Mètodes i la falta d'un apropiat suport de programari. En aquesta tesi, pretenem mitigar alguns dels problemes que afecten a l'Enginyeria de Mètodes proporcionant una proposta metodològica innovadora que està basada en l'Enginyeria Dirigida per Models (MDE). L'ús de MDE ens permet elevar el nivell d'abstracció, automatització i reutilització, possibilitant una reducció de la complexitat de la nostra proposta. A més a més, aprofitant tècniques de MDE (com per exemple el metamodelat, les transformacions de models i els models en temps d'execució), la nostra aproximació suporta tres fases del cicle de vida de l'Enginyeria de Mètodes: diseny, implementació i execució. Açò és a diferència de les propostes existents, les quals, en general, només suporten una d'aquestes fases. Amb l'objectiu de proporcionar suport de programari per a la nostra proposta, implementàrem una eina CAME (Computer-Aided Method Engineering) anomenada MOSKitt4ME. Per garantir que MOSKitt4ME oferia la funcionalitat necessària, definírem un conjunt de requisits funcionals com a pas previ al desenvolupament de l'eina. Després de la definició d'aquests requisits, definírem la arquitectura de l'eina CAME i, finalment, implementàrem l'arquitectura en el contexte d'Eclipse. El treball desenvolupat en aquesta tesi es va avaluar per mitjà d'un estudi on van participar usuaris finals. En aquest estudi, MOSKitt4ME es va avaluar per mitjà del Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) i el mètode Think Aloud. Mentre que el TAM va permetre mesurar utilitat i facilitat d'ús de manera subjectiva, el mètode Think Aloud va permetre analitzar aquestes mesures objectivament. En general, els resultats obtinguts van ser favorables. MOSKitt4ME va ser valorat de forma positiva pel que fa a utilitat i facilitat d'ús percebuda; a més a més, vam obtenir resultats positius pel que fa al rendiment objectiu dels usuaris i a la dificultat experimentada. / Cervera Úbeda, M. (2015). A Model-Driven Approach for the Design, Implementation, and Execution of Software Development Methods [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/53931 / TESIS

Lösenordshanterare har länge varit tillgängliga och det finns mycket forskning som tyder på att användningen av dem är begränsad. Deras funktionalitet hjälper användaren att generera och spara unika och starka lösenord för varje individuell inloggning. Vi utformar en enkät med hjälp av tidigare forskning och en modifierad version av teknikacceptansmodellen i syfte att undersöka demografiska variablers påverkan på användningen av lösenordshanterare. Undersökningen bedrivs genom att kvantitativ data samlas in från den digitala plattformen reddit.com. Denna data analyseras därefter med hjälp av statistiska metoder, där vi kommer fram till att det finns signifikanta skillnaderivariablernakön,geografiskplats,antalunikalösenordochdatorvana. Dessa variabler påverkade både den faktiska användningen, men också attityden till systemet. Vi diskuterar detta resultat utifrån den presenterade teorin och relaterad forskning. / Password managers have been available for a long time, and there has been a lot of research showing that these tools are not commonly used. Their functionality helps the usertobothgenerateandsaveuniqueandstrongpasswordsforeachindividualauthentication online. We conduct a quantitative investigation where we create a survey based on related research and a modified version of the Technology Acceptance Model. The dataforourquantitativeanalysisweregatheredbypublishingasurveyontheplattform Reddit.com. Thisdatawerethereafteranalysedusingstatisticalmethods,whereanumber of statistically significant differences were found. We found that gender, geographic location,amountofuniquepasswordsandcomputerprofiencyallhadsignificanteffects on either the actual system use or on the attitude towards the system. These results are evaluated by relating them to the presented theories and related research.

Text in English / The study investigated the usage of Open Access Institutional Repositories (OAIR) in university libraries in Ghana to develop a strategy on how the usage of OAIR in university libraries in Ghana may be enhanced. The study adopted the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), which was then modified to fit the study. Accessibility, availability and visibility were proposed in addition to the conventional variables of TAM to improve the fit between the data and the theoretical model. Pragmatism paradigm, mixed methods research approach and convergent parallel mixed method design (survey and case study designs) was used for the study. Simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, purposive sampling techniques and the sample size converter were the sampling procedures and methods employed. A total of nine hundred and ninety-eight (998) respondents completed the questionnaires distributed, but for the qualitative phase twelve (12) OAIR managers were purposively selected. The questionnaire and interview guide were used as research instruments to gather relevant data for the study. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multinomial logistic regression and CFA using SEM) were used as statistical tools to analyse quantitative data and thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative data. The study revealed that there was a low level of OAIR usage in universities among academic staff, notwithstanding the high level of understanding of OAIR. This was evident in the number of research work uploaded onto the OAIR by the OAIR team. Inadequate advocacy, ICT connectivity, infrastructure, funding, power supply, insufficient technological skills, institutional repository policy, absence of incentives, institutional culture and politics and copyright issues were the challenges facing the usage of OAIR in university libraries in Ghana. The study concluded that advocacy, policies, software and staffing enshrined in an institutional guideline on OAIR would enhance OAIR usage. The study developed an OAIR Usage Model and OAIR User Manual, which would be very instrumental in the usage of OAIR in university libraries in Ghana. The model will enhance user satisfaction and intention to reuse the OAIR and making OAIR research outputs available, accessible and visible. The manual specifies the contents and documentsaccepted by the OAIR and ensuring the quality of documents archived. / Information Science / D. Litt. et Phil. (Information Science)