[pt] Este estudo examina as associações de liderança servidora e liderança empreendedora com o comportamento inovador no contexto do setor público. Além disso, foi verificado se as relações são mediadas pelo empoderamento psicológico e pelo engajamento, respectivamente. O cerne das hipóteses é de que esses tipos de liderança auxiliam os funcionários a serem mais engajados, empoderados psicologicamente e inovadores. Para testar as hipóteses, foi aplicada modelagem de equações estruturais de mínimos quadrados parciais com dados de uma amostra de 135 servidores públicos de Tribunais de Contas oriundos de 14 Estados brasileiros, obtidas por meio de questionário eletrônico. Para estimar e remover o viés do método comum, foi utilizada a técnica de variável marcadora. Os resultados mostram que os efeitos da liderança servidora no comportamento inovador são totalmente mediados pelo empoderamento psicológico. Além disso, os resultados evidenciam que a liderança empreendedora tem associação direta e positiva com o comportamento inovador, de modo que esses efeitos são parcialmente mediados pelo engajamento. O estudo contribui para o entendimento dos efeitos da liderança servidora e empreendedora, bem como de atributos individuais, no fomento da inovação no setor público. Por fim, são discutidas implicações para a teoria e para a prática de gestão. / [en] This study examines the associations of servant leadership and entrepreneurial leadership with innovative behavior in the context of the public sector. Furthermore, it was verified whether the relationships are mediated by psychological empowerment and engagement, respectively. The core of the hypothesis is that these leadership styles help employees to be more engaged, psychologically empowered and innovative. To test the hypotheses, partial least squares structural equation modeling was applied with data from a sample of 135 public servants from the Courts of Auditors from 14 Brazilian states, obtained through an electronic questionnaire. To estimate and remove the common method bias, a marker variable technique is used. The results demonstrate that the effects of servant leadership on innovative behavior are fully mediated by psychological empowerment. Furthermore, the results show that entrepreneurial leadership has a direct and positive association with innovative behavior, so that these effects are partially mediated by engagement. The study contributes to the understanding of the effects of servant and entrepreneurial leadership, as well as individual attributes, in fostering innovation in the public sector. Finally, contributions to management theory and practice are discussed.

Kommunala verksamheter är i ett pågående arbete med implementeringen av tillitsbaseradstyrning. Vissa av Sveriges kommuner har kommit längre än andra, vilket beror på en rad olika orsaker. Somliga kommuner använder egna styrformer men förhåller sig till viss del till den tillitsbaserade styrningen. Uppföljningar med ett tillitsbaserat förhållningssätt är viktigt för att arbetet ska fortsatt gå i rätt riktning. Denna studie avser att identifiera likheter och skillnader i hur kommuner arbetar med tillitsbaserad styrning med uppföljning som fokus. Studien har genomförts på åtta olika kommuner med bas i intervjuer, samt en observation. Forskaren Louise Bringselius grundprinciper har använts i analysen. Studiens resultat har identifierat likhetermellan kommunerna som går i linje med grundprinciperna från den teoretiska referensramen. Resultatet visar även hur kommuner arbetar utifrån implementeringen av den tillitsbaserade styrningen samt dess utmaningar i uppföljningar inom ramen för tillitsbaserad styrning. / Municipal government operations are in ongoing work with the implementation of the trust-based governance. Some of Sweden´s municipalities have come further than others, which is due to several different reasons. Some municipalities use their own forms of governance but adhere to trust-based governance to some extent. Follow-ups with a trust-based approach are important for the work to continue moving in the right direction. This study intends to identify similarities and differences in how the municipalities work with trust-based governance with follow-up as the focus. The study has been carried out in eight different municipalities based on interviews, as well as an observation. Researcher Louise Bringselius´ basic principles have been used in the analysis. The study´s results have identified similarities between the municipalities that are in line with the basic principles from the theoretical frame of reference. The result also shows how municipalities work based on the implementation of trust-based governance and it´s challenges in follow-ups within the framework of trust-based governance.

The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of employees in the social care sector regarding servant leadership. Eight employees were interviewed, and the interviews were transcribed. Subsequently, a thematic analysis of the material was conducted. Four themes were identified: "Diverse functions of communication", "Clarity and expectations across professional roles", "Diverse pathways to development anchored in psychological safety",  and "Interpersonal relationships”. Each theme comprised two to four sub-themes. The employees perceived communication through dialogue as pivotal for a functional relationship with their manager. It served not only as a means to address and resolve issues but also as a tool for relationship-building. Furthermore, the employees discussed their differing expectations on the manager and of themselves. The aspect of trust-based leadership, where the manager is less controlling and provides greater autonomy, was experienced as both beneficial and stressful. The latter was interpreted as a consequence of unclear expectations, leading to performance anxiety. Limited financial resources were perceived as a barrier to development, although this was not attributed to the manager but rather seen as a consequence of political decisions made at higher levels of governance. Trust was perceived as fundamental for fostering a positive relationship between the manager and employees.

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Studien undersöker hur kommunala tjänstemän, som arbetar med tillsyn av fristående förskolor, genomför tillsynen och om lojalitetskonflikter uppstår i deras arbete relaterat till demokrati-, rättssäkerhets-, effektivitets- och professionsvärden. Syftet med studien är att, genom intervjuer med totalt 17 tjänstemän, öka den empiriska kunskapen om två relativt outforskade delar av den kommunalaförvaltningen: tjänstemäns uppfattningar om lojalitetskonflikter och kommuners tillsyn av fristående förskolor. Resultaten visar att sättet tillsynen genomförs i stort följer samma process i alla intervjuade kommuner och att tillsynsstilen kännetecknas av föranmälda besök, med fokus på rådgivning och dialog snarare än formella sanktioner. Dock finns skillnader i kommunernas bedömningar, vilket väcker frågor om huruvida förskolorna behandlas lika i tillsynen. Vidare betonar de intervjuade tjänstemännen värdet lydnad inför lag och menar att de generellt inte upplever lojalitetskonflikter. Däremot ser många av dem principiella problem och potentiella konfliktområden kopplat till sitt arbete. De lojalitetskonflikter som främst har identifierats rör värdena lydnad inför lag och lojalitet till överordnad respektive hänsyn till samhällsmedlemmar. Avsaknaden av lojalitetskonflikter kan förklaras av den tillsynsstil som används, som fokuserar på dialog, och det faktum att förskolorna generellt anses ha hög kvalitet enligt de intervjuade tjänstemännen. Båda dessa faktorer kan göra det mindre sannolikt att lojalitetskonflikter uppstår, men andra faktorer diskuteras också i uppsatsen. / This thesis investigates how municipal civil servants, working with inspection of private preschools, conduct their work and whether loyalty conflicts arise relating to values of democracy, rule of law, efficiency, and professionalism. Through interviews with 17 civil servants, the aim of the study is to increase the empirical knowledge about two relatively unchartered parts of municipal administration: civil servants’ perception of loyalty conflicts and municipalities’ inspection of private preschools. The study finds that how the inspection is conducted largely follows the same process in all the interviewed municipalities and that the inspection style is characterized by scheduled visits, focusing on counseling and dialogue rather than formal sanctions. However, there are differences between the municipalities regarding their assessments, which raises questions about whether different preschools are treated equally. Furthermore, the interviewees emphasize the value obedience to the law and say that they do not generally experience conflicts of loyalty. However, many find that there are fundamental or theoretical issues and possible conflicts relating to their work. The loyalty conflicts that are found in the study are mainly identified as conflicts between the values obedience to the law, loyalty to superiors and consideration of community members. The lack of experienced conflict may be explained by the style of inspection being used, which focuses on dialogue and finding consensus, and the fact that the preschools generally are of high quality according to the interviewed civil servants. Both factors make it less likely that conflicts regarding the aforementioned values arise, but other factors are also discussed.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:16:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria da Conceicao Clarindo Cavalcante da Silva.pdf: 1331053 bytes, checksum: c7d86511bd9938c62b2e60790e811239 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This thesis aims to investigate and analyze the health of the Public Servant and the Integral Health Care Politics to Federal Public Servants (IHCPFPS) concerning these Servants developed by the Reference Unit of Integral Health Care Subsystem of Servants, deployed at the Federal University of Alagoas (Ufal), responsible for health actions directed to the Public Servants and recommended byIHCPFPS. To investigate and analyze the situations of health and work social conditions to which public servants are exposed in the Brazilian state apparatus, placed in the University Hospital Professor Alberto Antunes (Hupaa) of that university. Because it is a social category fragmented and stratified hierarchy of dominant and dominated the working class, was selected one of the positions with which the research would be developed. It was used as a parameter for the selection of social subjects, those who needed most to be absent at work due to health issues, therefore they have health issues and diseases. Assistants and Nurses fromUniversity Hospital - hupaa-Ufal- were interviewed. The socioeconomic and cultural profiles of these workerswere designed as well as it was found what are the possibilities of their role as a social determinant in the effectiveness of the IHCPFPS, so as to promote changes in social relations of work, overcoming the precarious conditions and present subalternity. Suggestions are presented to effect a policy which focus on labor relations and the participation of these workers. Without a leading role, it is concluded that the State, through the IHCPFPS, will fulfill its role on control the health of the public servants, but their health shall not become effective in its entirety, bringing up the work processes and social determinants, as it means, the social health of the public servant / Esta tese pretende investigar e analisar a saúde do servidor e a Política de Atenção Integral à Saúde do Servidor Público Federal (Pass), desenvolvida pela unidade de Referência do Subsistema Integral de Atenção à Saúde do Servidor Público (Siass), implantada na Universidade Federal de Alagoas (Ufal), responsável pelas ações de saúde direcionadas ao servidor público e preconizadas pela Pass. Conhecer e analisar as situações de saúde e as condições sociais e de trabalho às quais estão expostos os servidores públicos no aparelho do Estado brasileiro, personificado no Hospital Universitário Professor Alberto Antunes (Hupaa) da referida universidade. Por se tratar de uma categoria social fragmentada e hierarquicamente estratificada da classe trabalhadora dominante e dominada, selecionou-se um dos cargos com os quais seria desenvolvida a pesquisa. Utilizou-se como parâmetro, para a escolha desses sujeitos sociais, aqueles que mais necessitam de afastamento do trabalho por licença de saúde e, consequentemente, apresentam agravos e doenças. Chegou-se, então, aos auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem do Hupaa-Ufal. Traçouse o perfil socioeconômico e cultural desses trabalhadores e verificou-se quais são as possibilidades do seu protagonismo como determinante social na efetivação da Pass, de maneira a promover as transformações nas relações sociais do trabalho, superando as condições precárias e de subalternidade vigentes. Apresentam-se sugestões, para efetivar uma política que tenha centralidade nas relações de trabalho e na participação desses trabalhadores. Sem esse protagonismo, conclui-se que o Estado, por meio da Pass, cumprirá o papel no controle de saúde do servidor, mas a saúde do trabalhador não se efetivará na sua integralidade, trazendo à tona os processos de trabalho e os determinantes sociais, ou seja, a dimensão social da saúde do servidor público

The purpose of this dissertation is to determine what constitutes the abuse of power by leaders in Christian organisations and how it can be addressed, especially in a multicultural context. The theoretical and empirical research defines the abuse of power, especially in Christian organisations, and outlines the results. It determines the role that culture plays in the abuse of power and presents strategies that can be used effectively to prevent or deal with the abuse of power in different cultural contexts in Christian organisations. The cultures considered in the empirical research are English-speaking Canadians, Germans (from what was formerly West Germany), and white South Africans. In this research, the abuse of power, the aspects that define abusive leaders and the victims, and the effects of the abuse of power on the leaders, victims and the organisations are discussed. The literature and the responses from the research participants clearly confirm the existence of abusive leadership in Christian organisations. The characteristics that constitute an ethical Christian leader are defined and underlined by the responses from the respondents in this research: spiritual transformation, love, servant leadership, accountability, trust and forgiveness. Addressing the abuse of power in Christian organisations, specifically in a multicultural context is challenging. Leaders must be prepared to learn about and understand the cultures represented in the team. They also have a responsibility to challenge their team members to reflect on their cultural characteristics, to have healthy discussions and to form an organisational third culture that profits from the potential that each team member can contribute. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M. Th. (Christian leadership)

In the reading of the servants in examples from the period 1920-1950, the servant question is invoked to expose the workings of class. The servants in these narratives of Bowen, Green, Taylor, Waugh, Mansfield and Panter-Downes, lady’s maids, housekeepers, nannies, a butler and a chauffeur, are in thrall to the collective structures of societal ordering, and reluctant with respect to social mobility. Class was not fully being negotiated in this period, in fact little change was visible. Fer example intimacy, such as that between the lady’s maid and her mistress, meant that class confrontation was unlikely. The nanny showed that culturally constructed mechanisms such as nostalgia could be employed to discourage the desire for change. In terms of the socio-historical context any transformation in the make-up of domestic life – that is, the move towards homes without servants - was a fairly gradual business. But, there was a widespread belief in a change that had not really taken place – and that certainly had not taken place within domestic service. Any transformation of society was superficial; the governing ranks would not permit their disempowerment through genuine class change. I contend that the literature supports this perspective. Servants desire subservience; they find comfort in the familiarity of the system of household ranking-by-status. In the process, authority itself is portrayed as being less immutable, more malleable and thereby equipped for the future. In this sense the narratives read in this thesis go to make up a literature of resistance, in refutation of the overwhelming narrative of the time, progressing instead the notion that class must persist with its boundaries intact, as its hegemony is desirable and necessary for the smooth, successful operation of society.