Studiens syfte är att undersöka vad livskvalitet innebär för döva unga vuxna i dagens samhälle samt förstå hur deras dövhet påverkar livskvaliteten. Detta har undersökts genom kvalitativa intervjuer med fyra unga vuxna personer som är döva. Intervjuerna har syftat till att undersöka deras uppfattning om sin livskvalitet. Utgångspunkt har tagits i teorier kring det moderna och individualistiska samhället samt ett sociologiskt och psykologiskt perspektiv på begreppet livskvalitet. Slutsatser som framkommit är att diskriminering på arbetsmarknaden är en faktor som bidrar till negativ livskvalitet, både utifrån ekonomiska och känslomässiga aspekter på livskvalitet. Faktorer som inverkar positivt på livskvaliteten för undersökningsgruppen är goda sociala relationer och att kunna kommunicera fullt ut på teckenspråk med familj och vänner. Dessutom kan en positiv inställning till dövheten hos individerna och tilltro till den egna förmågan verka som en skyddsfaktor mot de yttre förhållanden som bidrar till en försämrad livskvalitet. Även dövidentiteten kan i vissa fall ha betydelse för livskvaliteten då individens känsla av samhörighet med andra döva personer upplevs som positivt. Att vara medveten om vilka livsvillkor unga vuxna döva har samt vad som bidrar till deras livskvalitet är relevant för socialt arbete för att kunna arbeta för deras delaktighet och lika villkor i samhället.

Denna c-uppsats syftar att genom kvalitativ metod undersöka vilka föreställningar som universitetsstudenter som läser samhällsorienterade program har kring ålderspensionärers roll i samhället. Till grund för denna uppsats genomfördes fyra fokusgruppsintervjuer som analyserats med hjälp av kvalitativ konventionell innehållsanalys och teorierna politisk ekonomi, ålderism och rollteori. Studiens material bygger på de diskussioner som fördes i fokusgrupperna. Urvalet utgörs av 16 personer som studerar på samhällsorienterade program. Resultatet visar att bilden av pensionärer skiljer sig beroende på om man ser till grupp- eller individnivå, där diskussionen kring grupp tar mer negativa uttryck och diskussionen kring individer är mer positiv. Sett till vad tidigare forskning kommit fram till, så stämmer vårt resultat till viss del, men indikerar på att vidare forskning behövs.

Background The Sami are the indigenous people in Scandinavia. They have a long history of discrimination, racism and conflict which has had a significant impact on Sami self-esteem and possibly also on their health, especially mental health. There are some recent studies on the mental health of reindeer herding Sami in Sweden showing a high prevalence of self reported depression and anxiety compared to other Swedes in the area. Also a moderately elevated risk of suicide amongst reindeer herding male Sami exists. Several studies on the health of young Norwegian Sami have not found any major differences between the young Sami and young Norwegians in the majority population. This is the first study on the health and living conditions of young Sami in Sweden with a special reference to mental health. Subjects and methods Two groups of young Sami have been approached; schoolchildren aged 13-18 years participating in special school programs for Sami children (N=121) and a national sample of young adult Sami aged 18-28 years (N=516) with an explicit Sami identity. The schoolchildren responded to questions about wellbeing and functioning measured by a self report version of Kidscreen-52 and some questions about enculturation and experience of being badly treated because of ethnic background. The young adults responded to a questionnaire about living conditions, Sami identity, health and suicidal expressions, and about experiences of bad treatment because of ethnic background. Data were compared with data from other Swedish youngsters. Main findings Being a young Sami in Sweden – Living condition, identity and life satisfaction (Paper I) A majority of the young adult Sami were proud of being Sami, they had a positive self perception and expressed a wish to preserve their culture. Bad treatment because of Sami background was frequent, about half of all respondents reported this experience and among reindeer herders seventy percent. The Sami experienced that they had to explain and defend the Sami culture and Sami way of living to a high degree, it become obvious that there is lack of knowledge about Sami and Sami culture among Swedes. The health of young Swedish Sami with special reference to mental health (Paper II) A majority of the young adults reported feeling healthy but close to half of the group often had worries, often forget things and often experienced lack of time for doing needed things. Women and those living alone reported more negative health. Sami with experience of bad treatment due to Sami background also reported a worse health i.e. more worries, more lack of time to do needed things and not feeling calm and relaxed. Healthrelated quality of life in Sami schoolchildren in Sweden (Paper III) The Sami children reported lower health-related quality of life (HRQL) compared to Swedish children in general. Girls had lower physical and psychological wellbeing than boys. Sami school children with experience of ethnicity related bad treatment reported a lower HRQL compared to those without this experience. Suicidal expressions in young Swedish Sami (Paper IV) Both young adult Sami and a reference group of young Swedes from the same geographical area (N=218) reported suicidal ideation, life weariness and death wishes to a high degree (30-50 %) but this was more common among Sami. The prevalence of suicide attempts did not, differ between Sami and other young Swedes, but subgroups of the Sami (reindeer herders and those being badly treated due to ethnicity) reported a higher degree of suicide attempts and having had plans to take own life compared to Sami without this experience. Conclusion The less favourable wellbeing (HRQL) of the Sami children in this study compared to Swedish children in general is worrisome and might partly be explained by experiences of ethnic related bad treatment, which can be especially troublesome in the turbulent adolescent years. The young adult Sami however seem to have a rather good or even better health compared to other young Swedes. They are proud of being Sami, have a close connection to the Sami community and strong connections to family and relatives. These are possible protective factors partly explaining the wellbeing of this group in spite of the high degree of ethnic related bad treatment reported. / <p>Funded by Country Council of Norrbotten reseach fund</p>

Sammanfattning Studien består av en integrativ forskningsöversikt om risk- och skyddsfaktorer, där vetenskapliga artiklar analyseras tematiskt i kombination med socialekologisk systemteori, copingstrategier och anknytningsteori. Forskningsöversikten ämnar till att undersöka vilka risk- och skyddsfaktorer som ökar risken respektive verkar förebyggande för utvecklandet av depression. Den tematiska analysen genomfördes genom att göra ett diagram över de vetenskapliga artiklarna och sedan strukturera risk- och skyddsfaktorerna under teman från de teoretiska utgångspunkterna. I forskningsöversiktens resultat framkommer riskfaktorer som bristande copingstrategier i form av stress över skolbetyg. Låg självkänsla, lågt självförtroende och dålig självbild framkommer också som bidragande riskfaktorer till att utveckla depression. Andra riskfaktorer är bristande hemförhållanden, vilket kan bottna i bristande engagemang från föräldrar, vilket påverkar ungdomar och barn negativt. Skyddsfaktorerna visade sig vara god sömn och kost, men även motsatsen till riskfaktorerna i form av god självkänsla, gott självförtroende, goda hemförhållanden. Goda hemförhållanden som skyddsfaktorer är trygg anknytning, goda relationer till föräldrar och stöd från närstående. Andra skyddsfaktorer som anges i resultatet tillhör skolvärlden och utgörs av utbildning samt goda relationer till klasskamrater.

This study aims to understand how young-adults, residents Hallunda-Norsborg, relate to the police’s definition of their residential area as “particularly vulnerable”. Do the young adultsagree with the term or is there any tension between their descriptionand the police’s definition? In previous research, it appears that residents of an area referred to as “particularly vulnerable” are described as cut off and isolated from the remaining majority society. We consider it relevant to gain an understanding ofthe residents' view of their residential area in comparison with the police authority's term. The study is based on qualitative semi-structured interviews with three young men and women aged 20-25. The study uses stigmatization and critical-urban theory, as well as social exclusion as theoretical starting points. The result shows that the residents experience a stigma towards Hallunda-Norsborg through the media's presentation, the treatment from others and within the labor market. They are partly in line with the police's definition of a "particularly vulnerable area" and that it corresponds to Hallunda-Norsborg. However, the definition is considered to be negatively emphasized as it creates a stamp of “vulnerability”that affects the majority society’s view of Hallunda-Norsborg. The conclusion is that young-adults in Hallunda-Norsborg relate in part to the police’s term but that they can also relate their experiences to it. The experiences that are highlighted is that the term isnegative creates a feeling of “exclusion” that affects the young-adultsrelationship with majority society.

I samband med samhällsförändringarna från traditionella samhällen till moderna ställs individer inför möjligheten att välja vilka liv de ska leva. Denna valmöjlighet är ett kännetecken för moderniteten och avspeglas även i människors kärleksliv. Teoretiker menar att intima relationer inte längre grundas på kvinnors ekonomiska beroende av män, utan ingås av fri vilja. Till följd av kärleksrelationens omvandling ämnar denna uppsats empiriskt illustrera hur unga vuxna kan uppfatta och uppleva kärleksrelationer. Syftet behandlas genom att undersöka varför informanterna önskar ingå kärleksrelationer, vilken funktion kärleksrelationer fyller i deras liv och varför kärleksrelationer tar slut. Studiens metodologiska ansats består av fenomenologisk forskningsstrategi och har en abduktiv utgångspunkt. Materialet utgörs av 10 semistrukturerade intervjuer med informanter i åldrarna 21-32 år. Undersökningen behandlar heterosexuella kärleksrelationer. För att förstå varför unga vuxna önskar ingå kärleksrelationer används teorier om kärleksrelationers idealisering, identitetsskapande samt stigmatisering. Kärleksrelationers funktion studeras med stöd från intimitetsteorier om trygghet och otrygghet. Uppbrott undersöks med teorier om valfrihet och framtidsplanering. Undersökningen visar att informanterna uppfattar ensamhet som en negativ upplevelse och ser det som rationellt eftersträvansvärt att ingå kärleksrelationer. Kärleksrelationer upplevs både som en möjlighet till trygghet, men även otrygghet. Att ha olika förväntningar på framtiden och valfrihet kan orsaka uppbrott.

The aim of this thesis is to examine whether the youth section, named ‘Young adults’, in the library in our study is justified or not. We will do this by examining connections between society’s and the library’s views on youth and youth culture. In our study we examine the purpose of the young adult-department and which measures are taken to reach the purposes. Furthermore our intention is to study which fields of use the young adult-department offers and how they correlate to the users needs. To gather information we have used a qualitative method based on interviews with the librarian responsible for the department and with 15 users. We have also taken notes and made observations to complement the interviews. We have analysed our material by using Ove Sernhede’s theories of society’s view on youths as a threat and Marianne Andersson’s and Dorte Skot-Hansen’s theories on the possible areas of use that a library offers. Our study shows that there are clear connections between society’s and the library’s view on young adults. In our material we notice a change in the way young adults are viewed; society and libraries are moving towards seeing youth culture as something positive and creative. However, this change of view does not include all youth cultures. A provocative collection that is built on requests from users is part of the aim to attract more young adults to the library. We come to the conclusion that the use of the department is mostly cultural and to some extent social.The department shows consideration regarding the requests of their users, and are tolerant towards different kinds of youth cultures. A majority of the books and other types of media in the department bring up subjects that are of interest and concern to the users. Therefore we consider the Young adult-department to be justified. / Uppsatsnivå: D

The aim of this Master’s thesis is to investigate the library habits of young people, age 15 to 24. Our empirical data are gathered in a survey distributed to 104 young men and women at three different public libraries. The questions are about how young people use the public library, what media and services they use and whether or not they are content with what the public library can offer them. In our analysis we have compared our results to previous research and used a model by Marianne Andersson and Dorte Skot-Hansen to determine how they use the library. The previous research we have found deals with the library habits of young people, and their music, movie and book preferences. The model describes different ways in which you can use the public library. This model divides the functions of the public library in four different categories. These four categories are the cultural center, the knowledge center, the information center and the social center. The result of our survey shows that the young people use the library to borrow books and to study. Our result was in most parts consistent with what previous research have shown. Finally we came to the conclusion that the young people in our study use the library mostly like a knowledge center or a cultural centre. / Uppsatsnivå: D

No description available.

<p>Syftet med den här uppsatsen var att genom en litteraturstudie undersöka vilka huvudsakliga förklaringar som fanns till unga vuxnas psykiska ohälsa. Det var också av intresse att få se om det fanns någon skillnad i sättet att förklara orsakerna till psykisk ohälsa hos män respektive kvinnor. Studien innehöll artiklar ur Läkartidningen, Psykologtidningen, Transmittorn samt en rapport från SOU. Resultatet visade att unga vuxnas psykiska ohälsa bottnade till stor del i ett allt mer individualiserat samhälle. Det hade lett till att ett stort ansvar, många gånger högt över vad individen mäktade med, hade lagts ned på individnivå. Förmågan att göra rätt val i livet hade inte utvecklats i samma takt som de nya möjligheterna hade skapats. I analysen framkom olika förklaringsmodeller. Dessa modeller hade i sin tur bidragit till skillnaderna i sättet att beskriva orsakerna till psykisk ohälsa hos män respektive kvinnor. Kvinnor beskrevs som bräckliga och deras cyklicitet kopplades utan vetenskapliga belägg ihop med diagnosen depression. Det som gick att finna angående männens psykiska ohälsa beskrevs mer som ett beteendeproblem där aggressivitet och missbruk fick stå för den stora förklaringen.</p><p>The purpose of this paper was to understand through a review of the literature the main explanations given for mental ill-health in young adults. It was also of interest to investigate if different explanations were given for mental ill-health among young men, as opposed to women. This study reviewed articles taken from Läkartidningen, Psykologtidningen, and Transmittorn, as well as a report from SOU. The results indicated that the underlying cause for mental ill-health in young adults is to a large extent an increasingly individualized society, leading in turn to more responsibility being laid upon young adults often ill-equiped to handle it; the ability to make successful choices in life does not always develop at the same speed as the new opportunities that society creates. The analysis revealed that different explanations / models were used to describe the causes of mental ill-health in men and in women. Women were described as fragile, and a diagnosis of depression was linked, without scientific proof, to their reproductive / hormonal / monthly cycles. Mental ill-health in men, on the other hand, was described more as a behavioral problem, with aggression and drug abuse as the main cause. Keyword Young adults, gender, health, mental ill-health</p>