The problem of this investigation is to determine the relationships between certain cognitive, conative, and demographic variables and student ratings of instructors and introductory economics courses at North Texas State University. In addition, the study seeks to determine whether significant, interactive effects exist among the seventeen main variables: pretest, posttest, sex, age, college major, required course, actual grade, residence, SAT, socioeconomic class, Opinionation, Dogmatism, instructor, course rating, instructor rating, expected grade, and attitude. The principal sources of data are students' test scores on the Test of Understanding in College Economics, Rokeach Scales of Opinionation and Dogmatism, Modified Purdue Rating Scale, Personal Data Sheet with Hollingshead Index, and Questionnaire on Student Attitude Toward Economics-Revised. The organization of the study includes a statement of the problems, a review of the literature related to student ratings of courses and instructors, the ethodology used in the statistical analysis of the data, an analysis of the data, and the findings, conclusions, implications, and recommendations for additional research. Chapter I introduces the background and significance of the problems. Hypotheses are stated in the research form, terms in the study are defined, and limitations are delineated. Chapter II is a topically-arranged review of the related literature, including both experimental and descriptive studies. Literature is included on student ratings of courses and instructors, attitude, achievement, grades (actual and expected), and student characteristics. Chapter III includes information on the population of the study, the Test of Understanding in College Economics, Modified Purdue Rating Scale for College Instructors, the Rokeach Dogmatism and Opinionation Scales, the Questionnaire on Student Attitude Toward Economics-Revised, Hollingshead Two-Factor Index of Social Position, the variables used in each study, methods of data collection, and stepwise multiple linear regression, the basic statistical design employed in the study, with a nonlinearity factor added. In Chapter IV, data were analyzed and reported in tables of regression coefficients on Studies One through Six: actual grade, course rating, instructor rating, expected grade, student attitude, and posttest. A summary table is included for the significant, absolute beta coefficients for these six studies. Chapter V concludes that grade expectations, Opinionation and Dogmatism, ability levels, and attitude influence student ratings. For example, very bright students tended to be more discriminating in their ratings of their courses. Students who liked the instructor and were less open-minded tended to rate the course high. Grade expectations tended to exert a negative influence on course ratings; students with high grade expectations rated the course low, and students with low grade expectations rated the course high. The combination of a student with high grade expectations and a student with high SAT score resulted in a low rating for the instructor. A student's background (Dogmatism, Opinionation, and place of residence) influenced his attitude toward economics. Higher grade expectations were correlated significantly with a favorable attitude toward economics. Significant demographic variables related to conative and cognitive variables were SAT, expected grade, actual grade, Hollingshead socioeconomic class, residence, Dogmatism, and Opinionation. The implication from these findings is to use student ratings cautiously as a consideration for university merit raises and/or faculty promotions. Reasons for caution stem from the significant findings of the influence on student ratings of several cognitive, conative, and demographic variables. Too much appears to be happening in the teaching-learning process which cannot be measured accurately.

Des recherches au Québec (Garon, 2009), en France (Donnat, 2011) et aux États-Unis (Kolb, 2001) confirment un état de fait général: le vieillissement du public de la musique classique. Si le public du répertoire est reconnu pour posséder un haut niveau d’études, pourquoi les étudiants universitaires de nos jours ne sont-ils pas plus présents dans les salles de concert ? Cette étude explore cette problématique d’abord par une recherche historique et par des entrevues auprès de certains des organismes de musique classique à Montréal, et ce afin de comprendre leurs stratégies de développement des publics concernés de 2004 à 2014. Ensuite, par un sondage auprès de 555 étudiants universitaires de la ville, pour faire un portrait de leur relation avec la musique à l’heure actuelle. Notre analyse, appuyée par une bibliographie en sociomusicologie et en sociologie des pratiques culturelles, confirme des tendances comme celle de l’«omnivorisme culturel» et l’éclectisme musical des jeunes universitaires. Elle nous montre aussi une réception positive des œuvres classiques, quoiqu’incompatible avec les critères esthétiques des genres musicaux favoris. À partir de ce paradoxe, nous étudions la force des motivations extramusicales qui les amènent aux concerts, leurs formats préférés, l’impact de l’éducation musicale, l’influence des parents, de l’internet, des nouvelles technologies. Finalement, nous constatons le nombre peu élevé d’initiatives des organismes musicaux dans le milieu universitaire à Montréal qui, pourtant, se montre un bassin au grand potentiel pour le renouvellement des publics de la musique classique. / Research conducted in Quebec (Garon, 2009), France (Donnat, 2011) and the United States (Kolb, 2001) confirm a general phenomenon: the classical music audience is aging. If such audiences are mainly known for having a high level of education, then why aren’t university students nowadays more present in classical music concert halls? This study explores the issue firstly by historical research and interviews with classical music organizations in Montreal in order to understand their audience development strategies from 2004 to 2014. Secondly, we explore it through a survey with 555 university students in the city to document their relationship with music. Our analysis, supported by a bibliography of Sociomusicology and Sociology of Cultural Practices, confirms trends such as the “cultural omnivorism” and the musical eclecticism of young academics. It also shows us a positive reception of classical works, although incompatible with the aesthetic criteria used to describe their favorite music genres. From this paradox, we study the strength of extra-musical motivations that lead them to go to live concerts. We also examine their favorite concert formats, as well as the impact of music education on their tastes, the influence of the parents, the internet and the new technologies. Finally, we confirm the low investment in activities among university students by the classical music organizations in Montreal, even though young academics represent a great potential for the renewing of classical music audiences.

Pesquisas experimentais e clinicas recentes têm reforçado a importância do zinco na nutrição humana, no entanto, grupos populacionais sadios podem apresentar deficiência deste micronutriente. Este trabalho avaliou o estado nutricional de um grupo de estudantes universitárias da Universidade de São Paulo em relação ao zinco. Participaram trinta e oito estudantes de sexo feminino, com faixa etária de 19 a 31 anos, que não fizeram uso de suplemento vitamínico mineral contendo zinco. A média de IMC das participantes foi de 20,8. O consumo alimentar, avaliado por meio de três registros alimentares e analisado pelo programa Virtual Nutri (1.0), demonstrou que o consumo energético médio foi cerca de 1735,2 ± 132,9 kcal, a distribuição dos macronutrientes foi cerca de 62,7% de carboidratos, 11,4% de proteína e 26% de lipídeos. A ingestão média de zinco foi de 6,9 ±1,5 mg/dia. A concentração plasmática de zinco foi de 81,17 ± 14,7 µg/dL e a eritrocitária foi de 41,4 ± 8,5 µgZn/gHb. Na urina de 24 horas as médias de concentração foram 271,78 ± 175 µg/ dia. A atividade da CuZn-SOD foi de 1110,91 ± 310 U/gHb. Por estes resultados observou-se que a distribuição dos macronutrientes encontra-se adequada às recomendações, entretanto com baixo valor energético e a ingestão de zinco apresenta-se insuficiente. Com relação aos valores sanguíneos do mineral embora a média esteja dentro dos valores de normalidade, cerca de 32% apresentaram valores abaixo de 75 µg/dL, o mesmo ocorrendo em relação ao zinco eritrocitário, onde 52,6% apresentavam valores abaixo de 40 µgZn/gHb. O zinco urinário também for baixo para 65,8% das estudantes. Houve correlação entre os valores de ingestão do zinco e sua concentração sangüínea. A atividade da CuZn-SOD apresentou correlação com o zinco no plasma. De acordo com estes resultados observa-se que a maioria das participantes deste estudo estava mantendo a homeostase em relação a este mineral, entretanto com baixas reservas e algumas delas em estado de deficiência. / Recent experimental and clinical researches are emphasizing the importance of the zinc in the human nutrition; yet, populational groups may present deficiency of this nutrient. This work evaluated the nutritional status of a group of the University of Sao Paulo students, in relation to the zinc. Thirty-eight students participated in the study, all female, aged from 19 to 31 years, which made use of vitaminic-mineral supplement containing zinc. The average IMC of the participants was 20,8. The alimentary consumption, evaluated by means of three alimentary registers, analyzed by the software Virtual Nutri (1.0), demonstrated that the mean energetic consumption was of 1735,2 ± 132,9 kcal, the macronutrient distribution was of 62,7% of carbohydrates, 11,4% of proteins and 26% of lipids. The ingestion of zinc was of 6,9 ±1,5 mg/day in average. The plasmatic concentration of zinc was of 81,17 ± 14,7 µg/dL and erythrocytary concentration was of 41,4 ± 8,5 µgZn/gHb. In the 24 hour urine the mean concentrations were of 271,78 ± 175 µg/ day. The activity of CuZn-SOD was of 1110,91 ± 310 U/gHb. From these results, it could be observed that the macronutrient distribution agreed with the recommendations, however with low energetic value and insufficient zinc ingestion. With relation to the blood mineral values, although the average were positioned within a normal range, about 32% of the patients presented values lower than 75 µg/dL, the same happening with the \"erythrocytary\" zinc, where 52,6% presented values lower than 40 µgZn/gHb. The zinc in the urine was, as well, low for 65,8% of the students. There was correlation between the ingestion of zinc and its blood concentration values. The activity of the CuZn-SOD presented correlation with zinc in the plasma. According to these results, it could be concluded that the majority of the participants in the study was keeping the \"homeostasis\" in relation to this mineral, even so with low supplies and, in certain cases, with deficiency.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T18:24:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Magda Branco Lohrer.pdf: 1068444 bytes, checksum: 9e789e3e3aa8a0074f8ea3d8a852128f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-11-26 / The aim of this research is to study the compositions written by students trying to get into the Administration course of a private university in Curitiba, Paraná. Some of these students will eventually take my courses Personal Development, which is taught in the first semester, and Interpersonal Development, which is taught in the second. Choosing these compositions instead of the ones written by first year undergraduates of the Administration course has to do with my desire to investigate the quality of the texts produced by students who had finished high school in 2007. By doing so we would be able to answer the following question: what kind of text producer has my college been receiving? The answers provided by this research will generate other questions: how can these students be helped? Hasn t the university mistakenly taken for granted that undergraduate students are proficient text writers? Do these students make spelling mistakes? Does their writing lack coherence? What kind of problems are there in these texts in relation to textual cohesion and discourse coherence in terms of the pragmatic context of argumentative/persuasive interaction between writer and reader? This research is grounded on qualitative methodology, for it aims at investigating the argumentative texts written by the students above mentioned. The theoretical approach we will draw upon is the Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), by Halliday (1985, 1994, 2004) and his coworkers. SFL sees language as a social process and it develops a methodology which allows a detailed and systematic description of linguistic patterns. The corpus used in this research is made up of 16 compositions whose quality was seen to be good enough for students to be accepted at the Administration course of the private university where I work / O presente estudo tem como objetivo examinar redações de vestibular produzidas por vestibulandos que aspiram ao curso de Administração de uma Faculdade particular sediada na cidade de Curitiba (PR), que futuramente serão meus alunos, na disciplina de Desenvolvimento Pessoal, no primeiro semestre do curso, e Desenvolvimento Interpessoal, no segundo semestre. A escolha das redações de vestibular e não de textos produzidos por alunos do Curso de Administração deveu-se a nossa curiosidade inicial em verificar a qualidade dos textos produzidos por alunos que terminaram o curso médio (2007). Propomos o seguinte questionamento: que tipo de produtor de texto recebe essa faculdade? Diante da realidade que esta pesquisa apontar, o que se deve proporcionar a esses alunos? Não haveria, da parte da faculdade, a tendência a julgar que o aluno universitário já tenha completa proficiência na escrita? Este aluno comente erros ortográficos? Incorre em incoerência, propondo um tema e desenvolvendo outro? Que tipo de falhas esses textos apresentam em termos de coesão textual e coerência discursiva, tendo em vista o contexto pragmático de interação argumentativa/persuasiva entre escritor e leitor? Metodologicamente, esta pesquisa está pautada na metodologia qualitativa, por se tratar de um estudo de textos argumentativos produzidos por alunos. O estudo fundamentou-se basicamente na Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional (LSF), de Halliday (1985, 1994, 2004) e seus colaboradores. A LSF procura desenvolver uma teoria sobre a língua como um processo social e uma metodologia que permita uma descrição detalhada e sistemática dos padrões linguísticos. O corpus desta pesquisa é composto de 16 redações, avaliadas como satisfatórias para fins de permitir o ingresso dos referidos alunos ao curso de Administração de Empresas na faculdade mencionada

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:57:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavia M Marques.pdf: 1193275 bytes, checksum: e6acfc66b07b39c6e0e369d40be17aa9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-05-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research investigates the importance that freshmen students of the Administration course from PUC University/Sao Paulo allocates to their professional future projects, as well as the elements and multiple determinants that compose these projects. The transformations our society has gone through the last decades, as the technological advancement, flexibilization processes, precarization of work and the economy globalization have brought changes, which are constituents of the subjectivity of these students. We consider, equally, the ideological speech of continuous qualification and the appeal of economical success as important elements in the constitution of these young students at contemporarity and their future projects. The theoretical methodology reference on which this research is based is that of the Sociohistorical Psychology, represented by the thought of Vigotski. For that, one focal group and two researches were performed. The analysis done consisted on the agglutination of the pre-indicators, that were systematized in indicators, and when articulated and systematized, were confirmed to us by four core meanings. On these we observed young people with an immense difficulty of self-projecting in the future, presenting dreams which are fluid and have a fragile delimitation. They couple their needs to the material benefits they aim, the earning a living , however they do not visualize concrete ways of reaching such desires. They live on the short term, on the present, on the constant desire to enjoy life, and as a consequence these young people end up having poor dreams, lacking motivation, and are saddened, apathetic and incredulous about the future. But paradoxically, they also present some illusion regarding their diploma from PUC, betting on the qualification of a recognized university as a guarantee to the future / Esta pesquisa investiga os sentidos que os jovens estudantes do primeiro ano de graduação de Administração da PUC-SP atribuem aos seus projetos de futuro profissional, bem como os elementos que os compõem e seus múltiplos determinantes. As transformações que nossa sociedade tem sofrido nas últimas décadas, como o avanço tecnológico, os processos de flexibilização e precarização do trabalho e a globalização da economia têm trazido mudanças, que são constitutivas de suas subjetividades. Consideramos, igualmente, o discurso ideológico da qualificação permanente e o apelo ao sucesso econômico elementos importantes na constituição dos jovens na contemporaneidade e em seus projetos de futuro. O referencial teórico metodológico que embasa essa pesquisa é o da Psicologia Sócio Histórica, representada pelo pensamento de Vigotski. Para tanto, foi realizado um grupo focal e duas entrevistas. A análise empreendida consistiu na aglutinação de pré-indicadores, que foram sistematizados em indicadores, os quais, articulados e sistematizados, nos evidenciaram quatro núcleos de significação. Nestes, atentou-se para jovens com imensa dificuldade em projetar-se no futuro, apresentando sonhos fragilmente delineados e fluidos. Atrelam suas necessidades às condições materiais que almejam, o ganhar dinheiro , porém, não visualizam os meios concretos para realizar tais desejos. Vivem no imediatismo, no presente, no desejo constante de aproveitar a vida, trazendo como conseqüência sonhos empobrecidos e jovens desprovidos de motivação, entristecidos, apáticos e descrentes quanto ao futuro. Mas, paradoxalmente, também apresentam uma ilusão quanto ao diploma da PUC, apostando na qualificação em uma universidade reconhecida, como garantia para o futuro

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:38:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ElsonCV.pdf: 391419 bytes, checksum: 85728e346c01f7fd0f648ae172db2595 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-19 / Relations between the meaning attributed to work by first year university students and their academic and professional choice were analyzed. The participants were 921 students, 17-52 years old (M = 22; SD = 4.9), enrolled in 16 courses common to two college level institutions of the city of Natal, RN, one public, the other private. A questionnaire was designed for collecting data about the academic-professional choice, with open-ended and multiple choice questions. Work meaning was obtained by means of two questions on centrality and two scales pertaining to the Inventory of Motivation and Work Meaning: value and descriptive attributes. A socio-demographic set of questions ended the questionnaire. Data was entered in a SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) database, allowing for the pertinent statistical analyses, such as frequency, t test, chi square, factor analysis, cluster analysis and ANOVA. Results indicated that the decision about academic-professional career was made by the majority of the participants (in first option, N = 921) without the adequate consideration of the socio-professional reality (80.7%) and personal internal resources (98.5%). When considering the second option (N = 654), only the first criterion was taken into account, but only by 12.5% of the sample. The main difficulties faced by students during the choosing process were, then, made apparent in the data. 46.8% of the participants were unsatisfied with the course they had started and were anticipating unpromising perspectives in relation to it. The first year students took work as the second most important aspect of their lives and demonstrated an idealized vision about it. Five patterns of work meaning were identified. In relation to centrality and the value and descriptive attributes, the university students displayed differentiation in the attribution of work meaning according to course and area of knowledge / Neste estudo foram analisadas rela??es entre o significado atribu?do ao trabalho por universit?rios primeiranistas e a escolha acad?mico-profissional por eles realizada. Foram envolvidos 921 estudantes, entre 17 e 52 anos ( = 22, DP = 4,9), matriculados em 16 cursos comuns a duas institui??es de ensino superior da cidade de Natal (RN), sendo uma p?blica e outra particular. Para a obten??o dos dados relativos ? escolha acad?mico-profissional aplicou-se um question?rio desenvolvido para o estudo, contendo quest?es abertas e fechadas. O significado do trabalho foi apreendido por meio de duas quest?es sobre centralidade e duas escalas contidas no Invent?rio de Motiva??o e Significado do Trabalho: atributos valorativos e descritivos. Utilizou-se tamb?m uma ficha sociodemogr?fica. O registro das respostas aos itens de todo o protocolo deu-se sob a forma de banco de dados do SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) o que permitiu que fossem utilizadas t?cnicas estat?sticas pertinentes, tais como an?lise de freq??ncia, teste t, teste qui-quadrado (Pearson), an?lise fatorial, an?lise de vari?ncia (ANOVA) e an?lise de cluster. Os resultados indicaram que a escolha acad?mico-profissional, no tocante ? primeira op??o ao se prestar o vestibular (N=921), fora feita pela maioria dos participantes desprovida de uma adequada considera??o de crit?rios de avalia??o da realidade s?cio-profissional (80,7%) e de recursos pessoais internos (98,5%). Considerando-se a segunda op??o (N=654), apenas o primeiro crit?rio fora levado em conta e, ainda, de forma adequada por apenas 12,5% dos integrantes da amostra. Foram destacadas as principais dificuldades enfrentadas no processo de escolha. Constatou-se que 46,8% dos participantes se encontravam insatisfeitos com o curso iniciado e mantendo perspectivas pouco promissoras em rela??o ao mesmo. Os primeiranistas tomaram o trabalho como a segunda esfera de vida mais importante e demonstraram uma vis?o idealizada acerca do mesmo. Foi poss?vel a identifica??o de cinco padr?es do significado do trabalho. Quanto ? centralidade e aos fatores dos atributos valorativos e descritivos, os universit?rios apresentaram diferencia??o na atribui??o do significado do trabalho de acordo com curso e a ?rea do conhecimento

Graduation date: 2006 / The purpose of this study was to explore, from current Native American and Alaskan Native undergraduate students, what their experiences were as first year college students on the Oregon State University campus. In addition, it was important to learn how these experiences contributed to their success, satisfaction or dissatisfaction, and overall quality of life during that first year. To answer these questions a mixed method research approach was used that included an online survey sent only to current, undergraduate, Native students and personal interviews with current, undergraduate, Native students. The online survey and personal interviews gave students an opportunity to disclose the types of experiences and challenges, campus involvement, and overall satisfaction they have had at OSU. Native students identified time management, financial costs, class/educational work, and missing family as major challenges during their first year on campus. Additionally, students identified positive relationships with faculty and/or advisors, having financial resources from tribal governments, the ability to be involved with student groups, and having a Longhouse as reasons for their success during their first year. As a result of these findings institutions can develop and provide intentional and appropriate programming and services to assist Native American and Alaskan Native students during their first year of college.

La disponibilitat de caracteritzacions àmplies dels sistemes d'informació dels campus per a estudiants pot ser tan útil per als responsables de la gestió estratègica dels centres d'educació superior com per a l'orientació d'estudiants universitaris potencials. Primer descrivim i contextualitzem un model de caracterització per als sistemes d'informació dels campus en línia per a estudiants. Això serveix com a marc de referència conceptual per al treball en l'àmbit de les universitats espanyoles. La informació es va reunir amb visites estructurades als llocs web institucionals i en entrevistes estructurades amb estudiants de llicenciatura. Analitzar la informació obtinguda ens permet situar les institucions individualment i comparar-les, a més d'obtenir una visió descriptiva de tot el conjunt de les universitats espanyoles amb una perspectiva informacional. Les universitats també es van classificar en grups amb característiques homogènies, en el sentit dels aspectes organitzatius i informacionals. Finalment, tractem investigacions futures en la matèria. / The availability of broad characterisations of campus information systems for students may be as useful for those responsible for the strategic management of higher education centres as for the orientation of potential university students. First we describe and contextualise a characterisation model for on-line campus information systems for students. This serves as a framework of conceptual reference for fieldwork on Spanish universities. Information was gathered by means of structured visits to institutional websites and structured interviews with undergraduate students. Analysing the information collected enables us to position the institutions individually and to compare them, as well as obtain a descriptive view of the whole group of Spanish universities from an informational point of view. The universities were also classified into groups with homogeneous characteristics, in the sense of their informational and organisational aspects. Finally, we discuss future research on this subject.

Health and eating healthy has become increasingly popular during the recent decades. On television, countless numbers of food commercials claim their products to be healthy, and fit good looking people propagate for the benefits of the products. At the same time, there are many studies showing these marketing messages to be highly misleading. Consequently, a great extent of existing research within this field treats the subject of consumers, children in particular, and television in relation to eating habits. However, in this study, we are not interested in confirming these facts; instead we focus on the attitudes that consumers have towards these marketing messages with underlying health claims shown in TV commercials. Today, many new types of communication channels exist, nevertheless, watching TV is an increasing activity, especially among young consumers. It was found that research including young adult consumers was scarce, why the segment of university students belonging to the generation Y was chosen for this study. The purpose of this thesis is to identify the attitudes that Swedish generation Y university students have towards TV commercials with underlying health claims. The aim is also to investigate why these consumers react to the commercials the way they do. In this thesis both a quantitative and a qualitative method was used, where the qualitative method was the most dominating. Thus, it can be considered a mixed methods approach. However, the quantitative part is dominating. For the empirical study we conducted tests where a number of persons in focus groups were exposed to different TV commercials, all with an underlying health claim. The respondents answered an in-group questionnaire and thereafter during the group discussion they were asked to describe their reactions to the TV commercials. Finally, the respondents were also asked what factors they believed important to them when they consider buying a product. The Swedish generation Y university students presented a number of attitudes towards the chosen television commercials. The students did recognize the underlying health claims and furthermore indicated other factors noticed within the commercials. Also, we could see that factors such as memory, unconscious influence as well as positioning of thecommercials had an influence on the attitudes. The results also specified that factors influencing these consumers in their purchasing decision, except the TV commercial itself, were; whether they had bought the product before, what family and friends used and recommended, as well as price and quality. The above features also had an influence on how these consumers reacted to the marketing messages. The study shows that the model of the emotional process by Holbrook and O‟Shaughnessy (1984) could be followed. We furthermore built on Bagozzi et al.‟s (1999) classification of advertisements by introducing the multi message ad. To conclude, it can be stated that factors influencing these consumers‟ attitudes of TV commercials with underlying health claims had different aspects and explanations, although common patterns could be seen. / Hälsa och att äta hälsosamt har blivit alltmer populärt under de senaste decennierna. På tv hävdar ett oräkneligt antal reklaminslag för matprodukter hur hälsosamma de är och vältränade, snygga människor propagerar för fördelarna med produkterna. Samtidigt finns det många studier som visar att dessa reklambudskap är vilseledande. Följaktligen handlar en stor del av forskningen i ämnet om sambandet mellan konsumenter - i synnerhet barn, och TV i relation till matvanor. I denna studie är vi inte intresserade av att bekräfta dessa fakta, utan fokus är istället inriktat på hur tittarna tolkar reklambudskap med underliggande hälsopåståenden. Idag finns många nya typer av kommunikationskanaler, men trots det ökar TV-tittandet, i synnerhet bland unga konsumenter. Forskning kring generation Y och deras syn på TV-reklam med underliggande hälsobudskap är hittills begränsad. Syftet med denna uppsats är att identifiera de attityder som svenska universitetsstudenter tillhörande generation Y har gentemot TV reklam med underliggande hälsobudskap. Syftet är också att undersöka varför dessa konsumenter tolkar reklamen som de gör. I rapporten användes både kvalitativa och kvantitativa metoder, där den kvalitativa var mest dominerande. Man kan därför säga att en blandad metod användes för att få fram bästa resultat. För den empiriska studien gjordes ett test där ett antal personer i fyra fokus grupper fick se olika TV-reklaminslag, alla med ett underliggande hälsobudskap. Gruppmedlemmarna fick individuellt svara på ett antal frågor ur ett formulär och därefter i gruppen diskutera sina reaktioner på reklaminslagen. Hur dessa påverkade dem och vad de anser som viktigt när de själva ska köpa en produkt var andra frågor som diskuterades. Det visade sig att reklaminslagen uppfattades på olika sätt av studenterna i fokus grupperna. De identifierade de underliggande hälsobudskapen i reklamerna och även andra uppfattningar om reklambudskapen kunde utläsas. Ur resultaten kan utläsas att faktorer såsom minne, undermedvetet inflytande och även reklaminslagens position i förhållande till varandra var av vikt för hur de uppfattades. Resultatet visar också att studenterna påverkades av många fler faktorer än själva reklamen i sig, exempelvis huruvida de köpt produkten innan, vad familj och vänner använde och rekommenderade, samt pris och kvalité. Dessafaktorer påverkade även hur studenterna tolkade reklammeddelandena. Dessutom visar vi hur Holbrook och O‟Shaughnessy‟s (1984) Model of the Emotional Process, stämmer överens med resultaten i denna studie. Vi bygger även vidare på Bagozzi et al.‟s (1999) två klassificeringar av reklam och introducerar en tredje; multimeddelande-reklam. Sammanfattningsvis kan konstateras att många olika faktorer påverkade dessa konsumenters attityder gentemot TV-reklam med underliggande hälsobudskap. Trots det kunde ändå vissa gemensamma mönster utläsas.

The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive description of what a peer helper programme is and to set guidelines for the design and implementation of a peer helping programme for university residence students. In order to achieve these objectives a literature study was firstly conducted to attain a good understanding of the problems that students of tertiary institutions are currently experiencing. The conclusion was made that students are today faced with a lot of frustrations, problems and challenges resulting in a need for care, support and effective help. Secondly the terms "peer helping", "peer helper" and "peer helper programmes" were defined and peer helping was consequently identified as an effective way of addressing the need for help in the student community. This was followed by a description of guidelines for the design and implementation of a peer helper programme for students in university residences. Plomp's general educational design model was used as a point of reference in the setting of these guidelines. An empirical study was done in the form of a case study as it was exercised only at the Potchefstroom Campus of the North-West University. The aims of the empirical research were to determine firstly if there was a real need for the implementation of a peer helper programme among students in university residences; secondly, to look into and examine the guidelines set for the design and implementation of a peer helpers' programme in university residences, and finally to evaluate the efficacy of the training of peer helpers for university residences. Questionnaires, observations and semi structured interviews were used in the empirical study in order to come to the following general conclusions: Students tend to confide in friends when they experience problems of a more serious nature. In other words they share their problems and concerns with people whom they are in a close relationship with. There is a definite need for a peer helpers' programme in university residence environments. Students are willing to take part and make use of such a programme and students want to take the lead in organising and managing such a programme. In order to design and implement a peer helpers' programme successfully in a university residence, the set guidelines for the effective designing and implementation of such a programme should be followed. Finally it is recommended that a peer helpers' programme should be implemented in every residence or on the campus of every university or tertiary institution in South Africa in order to address the growing need for help among students, effectively. Various recommendations for further research were made. / Thesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.